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1、譯林牛津 8A Unit 4 Do it yourself 單詞學(xué)案Comic strip & Welcome to the unit【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1. 學(xué)會(huì)常用工具的名稱。2. 學(xué)會(huì)用英語就DIY的話題展開對(duì)話1. instruction n. countable, usually pluralsomething that somebody tells you to do 指示【四會(huì)】SYNONYMorderto ignore / carry out somebodys instructionsClimbers should alwaysfollow the instructionsof th
2、eir guide.【小試牛刀】 You should read these _（指示）carefully first before you take the medicine. 答案：instructions - Can you tell me how to make the toy truck run?- Why not read the _ yourself? My hands are full now. A. storyB. instructionC. informationD. report答案：B 翻譯句子在你用這臺(tái)機(jī)器之前，請(qǐng)閱讀這些說明。_答案：Before you use t
3、he machine, please read these instructions.2. had better (= d better) 最好【四會(huì)】【小試牛刀】 Wed better _ (not play) the sharp knives. 答案：not play You _ stop _. You look tired.A. would better; to workB. would better; workingC. had better; workingD. had better; to work答案：C Youd better _ careful, _ youll make a
4、 mistake. A. are; andB. are; orC. be; andD. be; or答案：D - May I listen to music here, Mr. White?- Sorry, youd better _ it like that. A. not to doB. not doC. dont doD. not do to答案：B 翻譯句子我們最好休息一下再開始工作。_答案：Wed better have a rest before we begin to work.3. tool n. 工具【四會(huì)】1) an instrument such as ahammer,s
5、crewdriver,saw, etc. that you hold in your hand and use for making things, repairing things, etc. garden toolsa set of toolsAlways select the right tool for the job.2) a thing that helps you to do your job or to achieve somethingauseful / valuable toolThe internet can be apowerfulteachingtool.【小試牛刀】
6、- How many kinds of _ do you need to open the box?- Three. 答案：tools4. brush n. countablean object made of short stiff hairs (calledbristles) or wires set in a block of wood or plastic, usually attached to a handle.Brushesare used for many different jobs, such as cleaning, painting and tidying your h
7、air. 刷子；畫筆【三會(huì)】a paintbrusha toothbrushApply the paint with a fine brush.【小試牛刀】 How many _（刷子）are there on the floor?答案：brushes We always use _ (toothbrush) _ (brush) our teeth twice a day. 答案：toothbrushes; to brush5. glue n. a sticky substance that is used for joining things together膠水【四會(huì)】All you wi
8、ll need is a sharp knife and a tube of glue.【小試牛刀】Would you please buy some _ for me when you go past the store? I want to stick a stamp on the postcard. 答案：glue6. rope n. countable, uncountablevery strong thick string made bytwistingthinner strings, wires, etc. together 繩索【四會(huì)】a rope bridge / swing
9、/ ladder(= made from rope) The rope broke and she fell 50 metres onto the rocks. We tied his hands together with rope.【小試牛刀】 He tied the _（繩索）around his waist.答案：rope 翻譯句子他需要一些繩子來表演。_答案：He needs some ropes for the show.7. scissors n. a tool for cutting paper or cloth, that has two sharpblades(= cutt
10、ing edges)with handles, joined together in the middle 【復(fù)】剪刀【四會(huì)】a pair of scissors 一把剪刀【小試牛刀】- What do we need to cut the piece of paper?- A pair of _.答案：scissors8. tape n. 【四會(huì)】1) uncountablea long, narrow piece of material with a sticky substance on one side that is used for sticking things together
11、 膠帶sticky tapeFit the carpet using double-sided tape.2) uncountablea long, thin piece ofmagneticmaterial, used for recording sounds, pictures or information, especially before digital technology became available磁帶I have all my school concert performances recorded on tape.9. DIY n. uncountable the ac
12、tivity of making, repairing or decorating things in the home yourself, instead of paying somebody to do it (the abbreviation fordo-it-yourself) 自己動(dòng)手做【四會(huì)】a DIY storeMy brother is a real DIY enthusiast.10. exactly adv. 1) used to emphasize that something is correct in every way or in every detail確切地，精
13、確地【四會(huì)】 Its exactly nine oclock. Your answer isexactly right. Its impossible to say exactly what happened.【拓展】2) (informal)used to ask for more information about somethingWhere exactly did you stay in France?3) used as a reply, agreeing with what somebody has just said, or emphasizing that it is corr
14、ectYou mean somebody in this room must be the murderer? Exactly.【小試牛刀】 Can you tell me where the old man lives _（精確地）?答案：exactly Whats the _ (exactly) meaning of the word “DIY”? 答案：exact11. stand for 1) (not used in the progressive tenses) to be an abbreviation or symbol of something代表；象征【四會(huì)】The boo
15、ks by T.C. Smith. What does the T.C. stand for?【拓展】2) to support or represent something 支持I hated the organization and all it stood for(= the ideas that it supported).【小試牛刀】 - Whats DIY _?- It stands _ “do-it-yourself”.A. exact; forB. exact; onC. exactly; forD. exactly; on答案：C 翻譯句子那個(gè)標(biāo)志代表“危險(xiǎn)”。_答案：Tha
16、t sign stands for “danger”.12. repair vt. repair somethingto fix something that is broken, damaged or torn 修補(bǔ)【四會(huì)】to repair a car / televisionto repair a road / wall / building / bridgeThe human body has an amazing capacity to repair itself.【小試牛刀】Look! My grandfather is _（修補(bǔ)）my bike over there.答案：rep
17、airing13. decorate 【三會(huì)】1) vt. to make something look more attractive by putting things on it裝飾decorate something with somethingThey decorated the room with flowers and balloons.The family gets together on Christmas Eve to decorate the tree.2) vi. & vt. (especially British English)to put paint,wallpa
18、per, etc. on the walls and ceilings of a room or house 裝修I hate decorating.decorate somethingto decorate a room / a wall / a house / an apartmentWe need to decorate the sitting room.The bedrooms aretastefully decorated.decorate something in somethingThe room is decorated in pale blues and greens.The
19、 dining room is decorated in a modern style.【小試牛刀】 - Who helped Tom _（裝飾）his room? Its so beautiful.- No one. He did it on his own.答案：(to) decorate - How long did you keep _ (decorate) your new house?- More than five months. 答案：decorating 翻譯句子他自己裝飾了圣誕樹而不是花錢雇人干的。_答案：He decorated the Christmas tree by
20、 himself instead of paying someone to do it.14. instead of in the place of somebody/something 而不是，代替【四會(huì)】 We just had soup instead of a full meal. Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.【小試牛刀】 My mother it was ill in hospital, so my father had to go to the parents meeting _（代替） of her.答案：inst
21、ead Youd better do it yourself instead of _ (pay) someone to do it. 答案：paying - Mum, therere no apples. Can I use oranges _?- OK.A. tooB. instead ofC. insteadD. yet答案：C 翻譯句子昨天他們計(jì)劃參觀一些名勝古跡而不是在家里看雜志。_答案：They planned to visit some places of interest instead of reading magazines at home yesterday. 15. r
22、ose n. countablea flower with a sweet smell that grows on a bush withthorns(= sharp points) on itsstems 玫瑰（花）【四會(huì)】a bunch of red rosesReading【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】學(xué)會(huì)DIY的相關(guān)詞匯1. crazy adj. 【四會(huì)】1) very enthusiastic or excited about something著迷的，狂熱的(comparativecrazier, superlativecraziest)be crazy about 對(duì)著迷【四會(huì)】Rick is c
23、razy about football.Youre so beautiful youredriving me crazy.The crowdwent crazywhen the band came on stage.2) mentally ill;insane 發(fā)瘋的Idgo crazyif I lived here.3) not sensible; stupidId never do anything like that. Thats just crazy.What acrazy idea!be crazy to do somethingShe must be crazy to lend h
24、im money.it is crazy to do somethingIts crazy to think hell ever change.4) very angryThat noise isdriving me crazy.Doesnt it make you crazy when people dont reply to your emails?【小試牛刀】 Young people are _（著迷的）about playing games on mobile phones than on the computers now. 答案：crazier My brother is cra
25、zy about _ (play) basketball. 答案：playing 翻譯句子安德魯是他家里對(duì)踢足球最著迷的。_答案：Andrew is the craziest about playing football in his family.2. terrible adj. 1) very unpleasant; making you feel very unhappy, upset or frightened 可怕的【四會(huì)】a terrible experience What terrible news! It was a terrible thing to happen to so
26、meone so young.【拓展】2) causing great harm or injury; very serious 嚴(yán)重的a terrible accidentThe storm was terrible and caused a lot of damage.3) not before noununhappy or ill 不舒服的 I feel terribleI think Ill go to bed. You look terrible, youd better sit down.4) (informal)of very bad quality; very bad a te
27、rrible mealYour driving is terrible!5) only before nounused to show the great extent or degree of something bad Youll be in terrible trouble if youre late again. Sometimes the pain is so terrible I cant sleep.【小試牛刀】 It is very _（可怕的）if we dont protect our environment. 答案：terrible It is _ (terrible)
28、hot today. 答案：terribly After he decorated the house, he _ very sad, because it looked _. A. felt; terriblyB. feels; terribleC. felt; terrible D. feels; terribly答案：C 翻譯句子這道菜嘗起來和它看起來一樣糟糕。_答案：The dish tastes as terrible as it looks. 3. once adv. 1) at some time in the past 曾經(jīng)，一度【四會(huì)】 I once met your mot
29、her. This book was famous once, but nobody reads it today.2) on one occasion only; one time 一次 He cleans his caronce aweek. She only sees her parentsonce everysix months.【拓展短語】all at once suddenlyAll at once she lost her temper.at once immediately; without delayCome here at once!once again|once more
30、 one more time; another timeOnce again the train was late.Let me hear it just once more.once in a blue moon (informal)very rarely(every) once in a while occasionally 偶爾Everybody makes a mistake once in a while.once or twice a few timesI dont know her well, Ive only met her once or twice.once upon a
31、time used, especially at the beginning of stories, to mean a long time ago in the pastOnce upon a time there was a beautiful princess.【小試牛刀】There was _ a shoe shop near my home. 答案：once4. put (something) in to fix equipment or furniture into position so that it can be used安裝【四會(huì)】Were having a new sho
32、wer put in.SYNONYMinstall【小試牛刀】 You can _ four windows in the flat. A. put upB. put outC. put onD. put in答案：D This is my new bedroom. I want to _ a picture on the wall. A. put inB. put upC. put onD. put out答案：B 翻譯句子他曾設(shè)法在書房裝一盞更亮的燈。_答案：He once tried to put in a brighter light in the study.5. mistake n
33、. 1) an action or an opinion that is not correct, or that produces a result that you did not want 錯(cuò)誤，失誤【四會(huì)】make a mistake 犯錯(cuò)誤【四會(huì)】Its easy tomake a mistake.Dont worry, we allmake mistakes.You are making abig mistake.Leaving school so young was the biggest mistake of my life.aterrible/serious/huge mis
34、takeIts acommon mistake(= one that a lot of people make).You must try tolearn from your mistakes.the mistake of doing somethingImade the mistake ofgiving him my address.2) a word, figure, etc. that is not said or written down correctlySYNONYMerrorIts acommon mistakeamong learners of English.If stude
35、nts correct their own mistakes, learning improves.Her essay is full ofspelling mistakes.【拓展短語】by mistake by accident; without intending toI took your bag instead of mine by mistake.make no mistake (about something) used to emphasize what you are saying, especially when you want to warn somebody abou
36、t somethingMake no mistake (about it), this is one crisis that wont just go away.【小試牛刀】 You are so careless. You made several _ in your homework. 答案：mistakes 翻譯句子我犯了些錯(cuò)誤，但我們還是愉快地一起工作。_答案：I made some mistakes, but we still had fun working together. 6. power cut n. a situation in which the supply of el
37、ectricity is interrupted; a period of time when this happens 供電中斷；停電【三會(huì)】They get a lot of power cuts because they have overhead wires.【小試牛刀】 Suddenly the whole house had a _（供電）cut. 答案：power 翻譯句子昨晚整個(gè)房子停電了，我什么都看不到，一切看起來很可怕。_答案：Last night, the whole house had a power cut. I could see nothing/couldnt s
38、ee anything and evening looked very terrible. 7. pipe n. countable, uncountablea tube through which liquids and gases can flow管子，水管【三會(huì)】steel pipes【小試牛刀】He hit a _ and there is water everywhere in the bathroom. 答案：pipe8. fill vt. & vt. to make something full of something; to become full of something
39、使充滿【四會(huì)】fill somethingPlease fill this glass for me.Smokefilled the room.fill.with. 用填充【四會(huì)】She filled the page with writing.【小試牛刀】 - Please _ the cup with hot water.- With pleasure, sir. 答案：fill Life is _ (fill) with ups and downs. 答案：filled Just now he _ a pipe and filled my room _ water. A. hitted;
40、 withB. hitted; ofC. hit; withD. hit; of答案：C The swimming pool is _ dirty water. Clean it before you swim. A. fill withB. full ofC. filled ofD. full with答案：B 翻譯句子別往包里面裝書了，你在火車上都不完他們。_答案：Stop filling the bag with books. You cant finish reading them on the train. 翻譯句子那個(gè)小男孩用泥土把洞填了起來。_答案：That little boy
41、 filled the hole with earth. 9. not only.but also. 不僅而且； 和都【四會(huì)】【小試牛刀】 Not only his parents but also he _ listening to Beijing opera very much. A. likeB. likesC. is likeD. is liking答案：B Not only his classmates but also he _ (know) everything about DIY. 答案：knows Not only children but also my husband _
42、 crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea. A. isB. areC. amD. be答案：A 翻譯句子我妹妹不僅喜歡唱歌，而且喜歡跳舞。_答案：My sister likes not only singing but also dancing.fill10. ceiling n. the top inside surface of a room 天花板【三會(huì)】a large room with ahigh ceilingon a ceilinga fly on the ceilingceiling of somethingThe ceiling of
43、her room was low.【小試牛刀】Youd better paint the _ white.答案：ceiling11. shelf n. (pluralshelves) a flat board, made of wood, metal, glass, etc., fixed to the wall or forming part of a cupboard,bookcase, etc., for things to be placed on （櫥柜或書架等的）架子，擱板【三會(huì)】on a shelfThe book I wanted was on the top shelf.I
44、helped him put up some shelves in his bedroom.supermarket shelveslibrary shelvesempty shelves【小試牛刀】 I cant reach the top _（架子）so that we cant get down the books on them. 答案：shelves You can put these books on one of the _ (shelf).答案：shelves12. advise vt. & vi. 【四會(huì)】1) to give somebody help and informa
45、tion on a subject that you know a lot about建議advise on/about somethingWe employ an expert to advise on new technology.advise about doing somethingThe nurse will advise about getting out of bed, bathing, and diet.advise somebody on/about somethingShe advises the government on environmental issues.adv
46、ise somebody about doing somethingThey can advise customers about safely using and storing pesticides.2) to tell somebody what you think they should do in a particular situation 忠告，勸告advise against doing somethingI wouldstrongly adviseagainst going out on your own.Id advise you not to tell him.advis
47、e doing somethingId advise buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.【小試牛刀】 My English teacher often _（建議）us to do more reading. 答案：advises My friends often give me some _（建議） about learning English. 答案：advice 翻譯句子老師建議學(xué)生們上學(xué)不要遲到。_答案：The teacher advises the students not to be
48、 late for school. 13. course n. 1) countablea series of lessons or lectures on a particular subject課程【四會(huì)】aFrench/chemistry courseI enrolled in a ten-weekonline course.2) singularthe way something develops or should develop 過程course of somethingThis was an event that changedthe course of history.【小試牛
49、刀】- What should we do?- You should take some _（課程）in DIY.答案：courses14. already adv. 已經(jīng)【四會(huì)】1) before now or before a particular time in the pastMuch of what he said I knew already.2) used to express surprise that something has happened so soon or so early Is it 10 oclock already? Youre not leaving al
50、ready, are you?3) used to emphasize that a situation or problem exists Im already late. There are far too many people already. We cant take any more.【小試牛刀】- Could you solve the problem by yourself?- Sure. Im _ 18 years old.答案：already15. instead adv. in the place of somebody/something 反而，卻【四會(huì)】Lee was
51、 ill so I went instead.He didnt reply. Instead, he left the room.【小試牛刀】 They didnt invite the boy. They invited his deskmate _.答案：instead The man went fishing instead of _（plan） for a trip to Australia. 答案：planning16. attend vt. & vi.【四會(huì)】1) (rather formal)to be present at an event 出席Wed like as many
52、 people as possible to attend.to attend a wedding/funeral/service/ceremonyEveryone iswelcome to attendthe free event.2) attend something(formal)to go regularly to a place 經(jīng)常去 Our childrenattendthe sameschool. How many people attend church every Sunday? The child was failing to attend regularly at th
53、e school.【小試牛刀】 Thanks for _（出席）the charity show, ladies and gentlemen. 答案：attending All of them hope Mr. Smith _ the important meeting tomorrow. A. to attendB. attendsC. attendingD. will attend答案：DGrammar【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用祈使句表達(dá)指令?！緦W(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)】學(xué)會(huì)用should和had better來提出建議。1. cut 1) vt. to remove something or a part o
54、f something, using a knife, etc. 剪下，切下，割下【四會(huì)】cut somethingFirst, cut a long piece of string.【拓展】2) vi. & vt. to make an opening or a wound in something, especially with a sharp tool such as a knife orscissorscut somethingShe cut her finger on a piece of glass.3) vt. to divide something into two or m
55、ore pieces with a knife, etc.Nowcutthe tomatoesin half.4) vt. to make something shorter bycuttingcut somethingShecuts hairfor a living.【小試牛刀】 If people keep _ (cut) down trees, more and more animals will have nowhere to live.答案：cutting I look forward to _ (cut) this watermelon into two _ (half). 答案：
56、cutting; halves2. sentence n. countable(grammar)a set of words expressing a statement, a question or an order, usually containing a subject and a verb. In written Englishsentencesbegin with a capital letter and end with a full stop/period (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!). 句子【四會(huì)】 L
57、ets take that paragraph apart sentence by sentence. Does the sentence contain an adverb?Integrated skills【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】學(xué)會(huì)用英語交流DIY話題1. grape n. a small green or purple fruit that grows in bunches on a climbing plant (called avine). Wine is made fromgrapes. 葡萄【四會(huì)】a bunch of grapesWe picked grapes in the south of France last summer.lovely sweet grapes2. strawberry n. (pluralstrawberries) a soft red fruit with very small yellow seeds on the surface, that grows on a low plant 草莓【四會(huì)】strawberries and creamstrawberry plantsI bought a carton of strawberries.【小試牛刀】My mother bought some _（草
牛津譯林版英語八年級(jí)上冊(cè) Unit 4 單詞學(xué)案 有答案
