英漢翻譯翻譯的概論.ppt

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Lecture One,Introduction to E-C Translation 翻譯概論,Teaching Contents:,1. Brief history of translation; 2. Definition of translation; 3. Categories of translation; 4. Qualifications for translators; 5. Importance of Doing Translation.,1. Brief History of Translation,1) Translation in the west 第一個(gè)翻譯高潮是在公元前3世紀(jì)中葉。 第二個(gè)翻譯高潮是在公元4世紀(jì)至6世紀(jì)之間。 第三個(gè)翻譯高潮是在公元11世紀(jì)至12世紀(jì)之間。 第四個(gè)翻譯高潮是在公元14世紀(jì)至16世紀(jì)的歐洲文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期。 第五個(gè)翻譯高潮是在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來(lái)的翻譯活動(dòng)。,2)Translation in China,中國(guó)歷史上出現(xiàn)過(guò)三次翻譯高潮： 第一次:東漢至唐宋的佛經(jīng)翻譯； 第二次:明末清初的科技翻譯; 第三次:鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)至“五四”的西學(xué)翻譯。,2. Definition of Translation,Translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way the author intended the text.,Look at one example,Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegantes.,The First Translated Version,“諺語(yǔ)是通俗話語(yǔ)，它使得如此多的拉丁美洲人的談話生動(dòng)活潑，是凝聚的智慧，從教授到農(nóng)民，從乞丐到摩登女郎，你都很容易聽(tīng)到。”,Revised Translated Version,“諺語(yǔ)是凝聚著智慧的通俗話語(yǔ)，它使得拉丁美洲人的言談常常顯得那么生動(dòng)活潑。上至大學(xué)教授下到田野農(nóng)夫，也從市井乞丐再到摩登女郎，大家都在使用諺語(yǔ)。”,The Definition of Translation,“Translation is a language activity to render the meaning of a text into another language, and it includes such a process of gradually understanding the original deeply and gradual perfection of expressing the implications of the original.”,3. Classifications of Translation,1) According to the nature of the two language codes, A. intralingual translation (語(yǔ)內(nèi)翻譯) B. interlingual translation (語(yǔ)際翻譯) C. intersemiotic translation（語(yǔ)符翻譯）,,2) According to the nature of main body of translation. A. human translation B. machine translation.,,3) According to implements and finished products of translation, A. oral translation B. written translation,,4) According to the nature of translating materials, A. literary translation (文學(xué)翻譯) B. pragmatic translation (實(shí)用翻譯).,4. Some Additional Classes of Translation,1. Translating and editing 2. Adaptation (free translation) 3. Transplanting 4.Translating and setting to voice and music 5. Condensed translation 6. Abstracted translation,5. How to Be a qualified translators,1) Having a good command of English (Just) imagine (it). (不可能/想不到/真沒(méi)想到) Ill buy it. (slang: I cant understand it, please tell me) Youre telling me. (slang: I know that very well / I knew that long ago.),2) Having a good command of Chinese,Henry Kissinger had slept there before, in July and again in October. 這之前，亨利基辛格在7月和10月兩度在這兒下榻。,3) Broad Knowledge,John can be relied on, he eats no fish and plays the game. The Security Council has been seized of the question since then. (受理) Nyaungu was actually the boundary between the two Japanese divisions. （集合部）,4) With high political consciousness,The enemy killed one of our comrades and we killed an enemy agent. The peasants and workers were hand in glove with one another in the struggle against the landlords and capitalists who worked hand in glove with each other. the peasant uprisings in the history of China,5) Familiarity with translation techniques,Translation techniques are the summary of former translators’ personal experience which is very useful and valuable for us to do translation. It helps us out of the hard process of blind exploration while translating. But it is not a panacea (magic drug). It is necessary for us to do a lot of translation practice in order to improve our translating ability.,6. The importance of learning translation,翻譯是國(guó)際間理解的鑰匙，據(jù)說(shuō)西歐的文明歸功于翻譯 者（據(jù)LG凱里 1979）。季羨林教授也說(shuō)，翻譯是永葆中華文明青春的萬(wàn)應(yīng)靈藥。前中國(guó)駐聯(lián)合國(guó)代表凌青先生說(shuō)，從中國(guó)來(lái)講，沒(méi)有翻譯工作，就沒(méi)有中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨和中國(guó)近代的革命運(yùn)動(dòng)，就沒(méi)有中國(guó)成功的對(duì)外開(kāi)放和四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化；從世界范圍來(lái)講，沒(méi)有翻譯，就沒(méi)有世界和平，就沒(méi)有各種國(guó)際交往，就沒(méi)有一個(gè)共同繁榮的美好世界的未來(lái)。 中國(guó)加入WTO后，翻譯的重要作用就更是不可忽視。經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是在交際中進(jìn)行，而沒(méi)有翻譯在場(chǎng)，交際就很難進(jìn)行，交際不成，生意就做不成。因此，翻譯的作用，再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)也不過(guò)分。,7. Some Suggested Reading for Further Reading,1、《翻譯論集》，羅新章編，商務(wù)印書(shū)館，1984.5 2、《中國(guó)翻譯教學(xué)研究》，穆雷編著，上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社，1999 。12 3、《英漢翻譯概要》，解梅玲編著，南開(kāi)大學(xué)出版社，1995.9 4、《實(shí)用翻譯教程》，范仲英編著，外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社，1994.6,,5、《英漢互譯教程》（上、下冊(cè)），楊莉藜編著，河南大學(xué)出版社，1993.6 6、《中國(guó)翻譯簡(jiǎn)史》，馬祖毅著，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，1998.6 7、《文體與翻譯》，劉宓慶著，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，1998.8 8、《英漢翻譯津指》，陳勝保編著，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，1998.6,,9、Textbook of Translation, Peter Newmark, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001.4 10、In Another Words: A Coursebook on Translation, Mona Baker, Routledge, 2000.8 11、Translating As A Purposeful Activity, Christiane Nord, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001.4,,12、《翻譯多元論》，周方珠 著，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，2004.5 13、《新編奈達(dá)論翻譯》，譚載喜 編著，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，1999.10 14、《西方翻譯理論流派研究》，李文革 著，中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社，2004.8,,15、《翻譯教學(xué)：實(shí)務(wù)與理論》，劉宓慶 著，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，2003.1 16、《語(yǔ)篇翻譯引論》，李運(yùn)興 著，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，2001.1 17、《漢英對(duì)比翻譯導(dǎo)論》，邵志洪 著，華東理工大學(xué)出版社，2005.3 18、《文化與翻譯》，郭建中 編，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，2000.1,,19、《等效翻譯探索》，金堤 著，中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司，1998.7 20、《英漢辭格比較與唐詩(shī)英譯散論》，盧炳群 著，青島出版社，2003.11 21、《譯介學(xué)》謝天振著 上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社 22、《翻譯理論與翻譯教學(xué)法》[加拿大] 讓。德利爾著，國(guó)際文化出版公司）,,23、上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社的《國(guó)外翻譯研究叢書(shū)》20種 24、北京外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社的《國(guó)外翻譯研究叢書(shū)》20種 25、翻譯實(shí)踐類教材,7. Homework for Today,[問(wèn)題討論] 1、我國(guó)翻譯事業(yè)的歷史有多久？我國(guó)古代三大佛經(jīng)翻譯家是誰(shuí)？ 2、玄奘對(duì)我國(guó)翻譯事業(yè)有何貢獻(xiàn)？ 3、我國(guó)歷史上出現(xiàn)過(guò)哪幾大翻譯高潮？分別有哪些特點(diǎn)？ 4、什么是翻譯？有哪些分類？ 5、如何才能成為一個(gè)合格翻譯工作者？ 6、學(xué)習(xí)翻譯的重要性。,,The End to the First Lecture in E-C Translation Thank You!,