(備考2020)中考英語真題分類匯編 專題十三 非謂語(含解析)
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1、專題十三 非謂語 ( )1.(2019四川達(dá)州)11.﹣Alex, why didn't you answer my call at nine last night? ﹣Sorry.I___my mobile phone at home. I___basketball in the park with my friends. A. forgot;played B. forgot;was playing C. left;played D. left;was playing 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——亞歷克斯,昨晚九點(diǎn)你為什么不接我的電話?——對(duì)不起。我把手機(jī)落在家里
2、了。我和我的朋友在公園里打籃球。考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)辨析。forgot是forget的過去式,表示忘記,主要強(qiáng)調(diào)忘記某事或忘記做某事;left是leave的過去式,主要強(qiáng)調(diào)把某物落在某個(gè)地方。本題的第一個(gè)空強(qiáng)調(diào)手機(jī)落在家里,所以用left。由題中的at nine確定第二個(gè)空是過去進(jìn)行時(shí),表示在那時(shí)(9點(diǎn)的時(shí)候)我正在打籃球。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)和語境,故選:D。 ( )2.(2019山東菏澤)9.﹣Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? ﹣I'd love to, but I____to go out this afternoon. A.
3、 don't allow B. will allow C. won't be allowed 【答案】C 【解析】句意:-午飯后你愿意和我一起去購物嗎?-我愿意去,但是今天下午我不被允許出去。 don’t allow不允許;will allow將會(huì)允許;won’t be allowed將不被允許。根據(jù)句意可知,主語I和謂語動(dòng)詞allow是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,再根據(jù)this afternoon可知,要用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),其構(gòu)成為will be done,故選:C。 ( )3.(2019廣西桂林)4.Time is limited! You'd better your time a
4、ny more. A. not to waste B. waste C. not waste 【答案】C 【解析】句意:時(shí)間有限!你最好不要再浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了。考查固定句型?!癶ad better do sth.”(最好做某事),固定結(jié)構(gòu),其否定式在動(dòng)詞前面加not;根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu),可知選C。 ( )4.(2019內(nèi)蒙古包頭市)24. —Why were you so angry with your daughter? —She was busy_______and taking selfies (自拍) when I was talking to her. A. texti
5、ng B. to text C. text D. texted 【答案】A 【解析】句意:-你為什么對(duì)你女兒那么生氣?-我和她說話時(shí),她正忙著發(fā)短信和自拍.be busy doing sth表示忙于做某事.故選:A. ( )5.(2019廣西桂林)7.________ more books, and you will improve your reading skills. A. Reading B. Read C. Reads 【答案】B 【解析】句意:多讀書,你的閱讀能力就會(huì)提高??疾閯?dòng)詞形式辨析。本句是
6、祈使句結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)詞需用原形;根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu),可知選B。 ( )6.(2019遼寧省葫蘆島市)7.Fred?hopes?______?his?spoken?English,so?he?practices?it?every?day. A.improve B.improves C.improving D.to?improve 【答案】D 【解析】improve“增進(jìn)、提高”是動(dòng)詞原形,它的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是improves,它的動(dòng)名詞或不定式是improving,它的不定式短語是to improve. hope to do sth“希望做某事”.由題干“弗雷德希望提高他的英語口語
7、,所以他每天都練習(xí).”可知,空格是“提高”用不定式短語,用to improve,因此答案應(yīng)是to improve.故選:D. ( )7.(2019河南)一Do you always get up so early? —Yes, the first bus. My home is far away from school. A. catch B. to catch C. catching D. caught 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你總是起床這么早嗎? ——是的,為了趕上早班車。我家離學(xué)校很遠(yuǎn)。動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的,故選B。 ( )8.(2019重慶A卷)29. He too
8、k off his expensive watch ____ the fact that he was rich. A. to hide B. hid C. hide D. hidden 【答案】A 【解析】此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。句意:他摘掉他昂貴的手表以掩飾他很富有的這一事實(shí)。A ( )9.(2019湘潭)20.﹣﹣Alex. would you mind_______down the music? It's too noisy. ﹣﹣Sorry, dad. I 'll do it right away. A.turn B.turning C.to turn
9、【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)句意:﹣亞歷克斯.你介意調(diào)小音樂嗎?太吵了.﹣對(duì)不起,爸爸.我馬上就去做.考查mind doing sth介意做某事.故選:B. ( )10.(2019湘潭)17.______is unhealthy for us to go to school without eating breakfast in the moming. A.That B.This C.It 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)句意"我們?cè)缟喜怀栽绮腿ド蠈W(xué)是不健康的"和語法可知,后面的不定式to go to school without eating breakfast in the moming是
10、真正的主語,前面用it作形式主語,that和this都不能作形式主語.故選:C. ( )11.(2019昆明)31. Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun It. A.Visiting B.to visit C.reading D.to read 【答案】A 【解析】云南博物館是一個(gè)非常有趣的地方,以至于很多孩子都很喜歡參觀.have fun doing sth 做某事有樂趣,根據(jù)such?an?interesting?place?that?
11、many?kids?have?fun?可知句意:云南博物館是一個(gè)非常有趣的地方,以至于很多孩子都很喜歡參觀. 故選:A. ( )12.(2019天津)26.The government is setting up nature parks protect pandas. A.to help B.help C.helped D.helps 【答案】A 【解析】政府正在建立自然公園來幫助保護(hù)熊貓.根據(jù)該空處在句中做目的狀語,故填入動(dòng)詞不定式在句中做目的狀語,故填入to help.故選:A. ( )13.(2019涼山州)32. —Is it necessary
12、 us some photos before saving the old man? —Yes, it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so. A. of; taking B. for; taking C. of; to take D. for; to take 【答案】D 【解析】---在救那個(gè)老人之前,我們有必要拍些照片嗎?---是的,它是.如果我們這樣做,我們可以保護(hù)自己.for"為、對(duì)";of"…的、由…組成的",二者都是介詞;take "獲得、拿"是動(dòng)詞原形,
13、它的不定式是?to take,它的動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞是 taking.因take some photos"拍一些照片",It′s +adj for /of sb to do sth "對(duì)某人來說做某事…樣.",用of sb adj用來形容sb的.即形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的,如kind,good,nice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等,用for sb ,是因?yàn)榍懊娴腶dj是來描述do后面的sth.即形容詞僅僅是描述事物,不是對(duì)不定式行為者的品格進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),用for sb.,這類形容詞有difficult,easy,hard,im
14、portant,dangerous,(im)possible等.由題干"---在救那個(gè)老人之前,我們有必要拍些照片嗎?---是的,它是.如果我們這樣做,我們可以保護(hù)自己."可知,第一個(gè)空格用for,第二個(gè)空格用to take ,因此答案應(yīng)是for;to take. 故選:D. ( )14.(2019福建)7.--- I have trouble English, Mr. Lee. --- Why not go to the English Corner and try to talk with others? A. reading B. writing C. speaki
15、ng 【答案】C 【解析】句意“-李先生,我說英語有困難。-為什么不去英語角嘗試著和其他人說英語呢?”。A.讀;B.寫;C.說。根據(jù)Why not go to the English Corner and try to talk with others“去英語角和其他人說英語”,說明我在說英語方面有困難,故選C。 ( )15.(2019吉林)9.Michael visits many websites about Chinese culture. A. learn B. learned C. to lean 【答案】C 【解析】句意“邁克爾訪問了許多網(wǎng)站來學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)
16、文化”。根據(jù)句意可知,邁克爾訪問許多網(wǎng)站的目的是為了學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)文化,to do表示目的,故選C。 ( )16.(2019揚(yáng)州)10. —I ’m tired out after three-day work day and night. —_____ relax yourself? Go out and enjoy the natural beauty. A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. Shall we 【答案】A 【解析】why not+動(dòng)詞原形=why don’t + you +動(dòng)詞原形,what
17、 about +doing sth,shall we do sth。根據(jù)回答“出去享受大自然的美”,祈使句,主語是you。所以選A。 ( )17.(2019揚(yáng)州)8. —Daniel, do you know that bees never get lost. —Yes, Bees always remember _____ the same way as they went. A. come back B. came back C. coming back D. to come back 【答案】D 【解析】remember to do sth
18、記得去做某事(未做),remember doing sth記得做過某事(已做) ( )18.People enjoy_____zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival. A.eat B.eating C.to eat 【答案】B 【解析】句意:端午節(jié)人們喜歡吃粽子.enjoy doing sth表示喜歡做某事.故選:B. ( )19.(2019廣西百色)25.(1分)The teachers often tell us _____in the river. It's dangerous. A.not swim B.don't swim C.no
19、t swimming D.not to swim 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)句意:老師經(jīng)常告訴我們不要在河里游泳.太危險(xiǎn)了.可知考查句型tell sb not to do sth告訴某人不要做某事.故選:D. ( )20.(2019江蘇南京)11.﹣﹣Do you have any plans for the holiday? ﹣﹣Yes, I' m planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. I'm looking forward to _____the colourful lakes and amzing waterfalls. A.see B.seei
20、ng C.sees D.saw 【答案】B 【解析】﹣你有什么假期計(jì)劃嗎?﹣是的,我計(jì)劃去九寨溝旅游.我期待著看到色彩斑斕的湖泊和寧靜的瀑布.根據(jù)句意:﹣你有什么假期計(jì)劃嗎?﹣是的,我計(jì)劃去九寨溝旅游.我期待著看到色彩斑斕的湖泊和寧靜的瀑布.可知考查look forward to doing期待做某事.故選:B. ( )21.(2019 福建)--- I have trouble English, Mr. Lee. --- Why not go to the English Corner and try to talk with others? A.reading B. writ
21、ing C. speaking 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的詞意辨析:reading 閱讀;writing 書寫;speaking 說話, 演講。題意為 “我在說英語方面有困難”,故選 C。 ( )22.(2019湖南湘西州)36.一John,remember off the lights when you leave the classroom. 一No problem! A.turm B.turned C.to turn 【答案】C 【解析】-John,記得離開教室的時(shí)候關(guān)燈.-沒問題.remember to do sth.記得去做某事
22、(還未做);remember doing sth.記得做過某事(已做).結(jié)合語境,記得關(guān)燈,還未做,故用remember to do sth. 故選:C. ( )23.(2019廣東)36. Young people are encouraged to work hard ____their own dreams. A. achieve B. achieves C. to achieve D achieved 【答案】C 【解析】動(dòng)詞不定式to achieve在此作目的狀語。此處指年輕人被鼓勵(lì)努力工作去實(shí)現(xiàn)他們自己的夢(mèng)想。 ( )24.(2019貴州畢節(jié))6.Betty
23、 is often seen the lonely old man with his housework. A. to help B. helping C. helps D. helped 【答案】A 【解析】句意“貝蒂經(jīng)常被看到幫助老人做家務(wù)”。根據(jù)see sb doing“看到某人正在做”;see sb do“看到某人做某事(全過程)”可知,本句話表示“看到全過程”,省略to,變成被動(dòng)時(shí),to要加上,即sb be seen to do,故選A。不定式作賓補(bǔ),下列詞后省略to:一感二聽三使讓,還有四看半幫助。若是賓補(bǔ)變主補(bǔ),to字一定要回府。一感:feel;二聽:hear,li
24、sten to;三讓:let,have,make;四看:see,watch,notice,look at;半幫助help。 I saw him enter the room我看到他進(jìn)了房間(主動(dòng)) He was seen to enter the room.他被看到進(jìn)入房間。(被動(dòng)) ( )25.(2019哈爾濱市)6.?Kids?like?reading?stories?which?can?make?them ____. A. laugh B.?to?laugh C. laughing 【答案】A 【解析】短語make sb./sth. do sth.意為“使……做某
25、事”,動(dòng)詞用原形。 ( )26.(2019內(nèi)蒙古)4. _______me an email before you come to Hohhot, and I’ll meet you at the train station. A. Send B. Sending C. To send D. Sent 【答案】A 【解析】你來呼和浩特之前給我發(fā)一封電子郵件,我在火車站等你.根據(jù)句意:你來呼和浩特之前給我發(fā)一封電子郵件,我在火車站等你.可知句子 是祈使句,以動(dòng)詞原形開頭. 故選:A. ( )
26、27.(2019內(nèi)蒙古)13. It is wise ______Linda to make up her mind _______to play an instrument. A. for ; learning B. for ; to learn C. of ; learning D. of ; to learn 【答案】D 【解析】對(duì)琳達(dá)來說明智的做法是下定決心學(xué)會(huì)演奏樂器.with"用、和…一起";by"通過、被、由";in"在…之內(nèi)";for"為、為了、對(duì)",四者都是介詞,learn"學(xué)習(xí)"是動(dòng)詞原形,它的不
27、定式是to learn,它的動(dòng)名詞或不定式是learn.It's? adj? for/of? sb?? to? do sth."對(duì)某人來說…樣",用for 是因?yàn)榍懊娴腶dj是來描述do后面的sth.用of ,adj就用來形容sb的,it is adj of sb to do,這里的形容詞是形容人的性格特征的,如nice,kind clever,foolish,smart,都是形容人的,it is adj for sb to do就是普通的形容詞,如hard,impossible,important.空格用for,因此答案應(yīng)是for.由題干"對(duì)琳達(dá)來說明智的做法是下定決心學(xué)會(huì)演奏樂器."可知,
28、第一個(gè)空格用for;第二個(gè)空格用to learn,因此答案應(yīng)是for;to learn.故選:D. ( )28.(2019湖南湘西州)42. 一How do you practice your spoken English,Andrew? 一By English with my classmates. A.to speak B.speaking C.speak 【答案】B 【解析】--安德魯,你怎么練習(xí)英語口語?--通過和我的同學(xué)講英語.句意:-安德魯,你怎么練習(xí)英語口語?-通過和我的同學(xué)講英語.by是一個(gè)介詞,后面跟動(dòng)名詞形式.故選:B. (
29、 )29.(2019廣西貴港)23.﹣﹣﹣ I have trouble the new word.Can you help me? ﹣﹣﹣Sure. You can look it up in the dictionary. A.understanding B.to understand C.understand D.understood 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)句意:﹣我理解這個(gè)歌新單詞有困難.你能幫助我嗎? ﹣當(dāng)然.你可以查字典.考查句型have trouble doing sth做某事有麻煩.故選:A. ( )30.(2019廣西河池)22.My parents don't allow me___TV on school nights. A.to watch B.watch C.watches D.watching 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我父母不允許我在上學(xué)的晚上看電視.a(chǎn)llow sb to do sth表示允許某人做某事. 故選:A. 9
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