名師指津高三英語二輪復習 第三部分 寫作 短文改錯 考點破解1 名詞的數(shù)與格的誤用課件
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1、名詞名詞的的數(shù)數(shù)與與格格的的誤用誤用考點考點1 1:真題再練真題再練1.(2015新課標卷新課標卷I) The airs we breathe in isgetting dirtier and dirtier. 因因air是不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式。是不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式。air2.(2014新課標卷新課標卷I) Since thenfor all these yearwe have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.因因these后應接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。后應接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。 years3.(2013新課標卷新課標卷I)
2、 He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black to gray over the years. 肩有左肩和右肩,通常用復數(shù)。肩有左肩和右肩,通常用復數(shù)。shoulders4.(2012新課標卷新課標卷) From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. 因因each of后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。 toys5.(2011新課標卷新課標卷) It felt very strange t
3、o travel without any luggages. 因因luggage或或baggage(行李行李)是不可數(shù)名是不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式。詞,沒有復數(shù)形式。 luggage6.(2011新課標卷新課標卷) When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.指到達指到達“我朋友的家我朋友的家”,而,而my friends home中中home可省略??墒÷浴riends7.(2015新課標卷新課標卷II) One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with
4、his parent.It was very crowded. he turned around and found that his parents were missing.由下文的由下文的his parents were missing可知可知parent要用復數(shù)。要用復數(shù)。parents8.(2014新課標卷新課標卷II) For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day. 可數(shù)名詞只要數(shù)量大于一就要用復數(shù),可數(shù)名詞只要數(shù)量大于一就要用復數(shù),“一一個
5、半小時個半小時”大于大于“一小時一小時”,故第一個,故第一個hour用復數(shù)。用復數(shù)。hours9.(2013新課標卷新課標卷II) When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.“迫切需要符合英國人習慣的有手柄的杯迫切需要符合英國人習慣的有手柄的杯子子”,用可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)表示這一類東西,用可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)表示這一類東西,事實上事實上handles也提醒我們用復數(shù)。也提醒我們用復數(shù)。cups思路點撥思路點撥1.依據(jù)可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的用
6、法特點。依據(jù)可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的用法特點。可數(shù)名詞大于一時要用復數(shù),不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞大于一時要用復數(shù),不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復數(shù)形式。如一般沒有復數(shù)形式。如air, milk, water等物等物質(zhì)名詞與質(zhì)名詞與music, advice, fun等抽象名詞是等抽象名詞是不可數(shù)名詞,一般是沒有復數(shù)形式的。還不可數(shù)名詞,一般是沒有復數(shù)形式的。還有有l(wèi)uggage, furniture, equipment等都是容等都是容易出錯的不可數(shù)名詞。易出錯的不可數(shù)名詞。2.依據(jù)名詞前的修飾語。依據(jù)名詞前的修飾語。如名詞前有如名詞前有these, those, ten等修飾時,應當用復數(shù)。如真題等修飾時,應
7、當用復數(shù)。如真題再練再練2,these year就錯了,要用就錯了,要用these years才正確。才正確。3.依據(jù)主謂一致原則。依據(jù)主謂一致原則。如果謂語動詞是復數(shù),如果謂語動詞是復數(shù),主語也應是復數(shù);如果謂語動詞是單數(shù),主主語也應是復數(shù);如果謂語動詞是單數(shù),主語也應是單數(shù)。如真題再練語也應是單數(shù)。如真題再練1,謂語是,謂語是is getting,而主語是,而主語是airs,可知這里一定有問題。,可知這里一定有問題。4. 依據(jù)上下文信息。依據(jù)上下文信息。如真題再練如真題再練7,Tony went to a shopping center with his parent,湯姆是同他的父親或母
8、親,還,湯姆是同他的父親或母親,還是同他父母一起去商場?下文是同他父母一起去商場?下文his parents were missing告訴我們,是同父母一起去告訴我們,是同父母一起去的,故的,故parent應用復數(shù)。應用復數(shù)。5.依據(jù)生活常識。依據(jù)生活常識。如真題再練如真題再練3,一個,一個人的肩膀是有左有右的,應當用復數(shù)。如人的肩膀是有左有右的,應當用復數(shù)。如果沒有這個常識就無法正確指出果沒有這個常識就無法正確指出with broad shoulder這一錯誤。這一錯誤。6.依據(jù)邏輯意義。依據(jù)邏輯意義。如真題再練如真題再練6,“當當我最終到達朋友時我最終到達朋友時”,“到達朋友到達朋友”怎么
9、怎么講得通呢?這里一定有問題,應當是講得通呢?這里一定有問題,應當是“到到達朋友的家達朋友的家”才通順。才通順??键c歸納考點歸納 名詞是短文改錯的必考點,名詞是短文改錯的必考點,5年年8套題中套題中無一例外。主要考查名詞的無一例外。主要考查名詞的“數(shù)數(shù)”與與“格格”,具體有具體有3點:點:1.不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù),文中卻用了復數(shù)。不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù),文中卻用了復數(shù)。如真題再練第如真題再練第1題和第題和第5題。要牢記常見題。要牢記常見的不可數(shù)名詞,如:的不可數(shù)名詞,如:fun, advice, information, work(工作工作), homework, housework, progre
10、ss, luggage, furniture, equipment, money等。等。2.可數(shù)名詞該用復數(shù)時,文中卻用了單數(shù)??蓴?shù)名詞該用復數(shù)時,文中卻用了單數(shù)。如真題再練第如真題再練第2、3、4、7、8、9題。題。顯然,這是考查的重點。要注意可數(shù)名詞顯然,這是考查的重點。要注意可數(shù)名詞前有前有these, those, several, few, many, a large number of, each of, one of, 或大于或大于1的的數(shù)詞修飾時,以及雖無這些詞但根據(jù)語境數(shù)詞修飾時,以及雖無這些詞但根據(jù)語境其意義大于其意義大于1時,一定要用復數(shù)形式。時,一定要用復數(shù)形式。3.表
11、示表示“某人的某人的”本應用名詞的所有格,文本應用名詞的所有格,文中卻沒用。如真題再練第中卻沒用。如真題再練第6題。注意,題。注意,以下情況中,名詞所有格后的名詞可省略:以下情況中,名詞所有格后的名詞可省略:a butchers (shop)肉鋪,肉鋪,a tailors (shop)裁裁縫店,縫店,a barbers (shop)理發(fā)店,理發(fā)店,a doctors (office)診所,診所,my sisters (home)我姐姐家,我姐姐家,其中其中shop, office, home等表示處所的詞都可等表示處所的詞都可以省略,直接用名詞所有格表示。以省略,直接用名詞所有格表示。考點練透
12、考點練透1. (2010新課標卷新課標卷) he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees.因是一箱金色的球,不止一個,故用因是一箱金色的球,不止一個,故用復數(shù)。復數(shù)。balls2. (2009新課標卷新課標卷) There are two girls from my course here and I plan to makefriend with them so that we can help each other with the course work. 表示表示“與某人交朋友與某人交朋友”用短語用短語make frien
13、ds with,friend應用復數(shù)。應用復數(shù)。 friends3. (2008新課標卷新課標卷) More than 1 000 painting will be on show 因因painting(油畫油畫)是可數(shù)名詞,由是可數(shù)名詞,由1000可知用復數(shù)??芍脧蛿?shù)。paintings4. (2007新課標卷新課標卷)We listened to my CDs together and soon became best friend. 兩個人成為最好的朋友兩個人成為最好的朋友, friend要用復數(shù)要用復數(shù)形式。形式。friends5. (2012大綱卷大綱卷II) Water is i
14、mportant. We, as well as animal, cannot live without water用復數(shù)名詞表示泛指。用復數(shù)名詞表示泛指。 animals6. (2011大綱卷大綱卷I) One of my unforgettable memory of my school in Xinjiang is that of lunches we brought from our homes. 因因one of后面的名詞要用復數(shù)形式。后面的名詞要用復數(shù)形式。memories7. (2011大綱卷大綱卷II) My brother was so fond of the museums
15、 there that he begged my parents to stay another couple of day. 表示再待表示再待“幾天幾天”,故,故day用復數(shù)。用復數(shù)。days8. (2010大綱卷大綱卷II) Christie was one of my best friend at high school. 在在one of后必定用名詞復數(shù)。后必定用名詞復數(shù)。 friends9. (2009大綱卷大綱卷II) I stayed there for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all right.
16、hour是可數(shù)名詞,數(shù)量大于一就要用復是可數(shù)名詞,數(shù)量大于一就要用復數(shù),數(shù),“一個半一個半”小時大于小時大于“一一”小時了,小時了,故用復數(shù)。故用復數(shù)。hours10. (2008大綱卷大綱卷I) Id like to stay there for half a month, visiting place of interest andpracticing my English as well. 不止一處名勝,故用復數(shù)。不止一處名勝,故用復數(shù)。places11. (2007大綱卷大綱卷II) It will be lots of fun practicing out in the playgr
17、ound in the afternoon with the tree around us all redand yellow and everybody laughing and shouting.由后面的由后面的all可知,不止一棵樹,故用復數(shù)??芍?,不止一棵樹,故用復數(shù)。 trees12. (2013大綱卷大綱卷) In my family, there are three peoples. 表示表示“人人”, people本身就是復數(shù)。本身就是復數(shù)。people13. (2013大綱卷大綱卷) At home, my father often thinks Im silly. He s
18、ays if I decide to do something, it takes him much times to stop me. 因因time表示時間是不可數(shù)名詞。表示時間是不可數(shù)名詞。time14. (2010大綱卷大綱卷I) He agreed to read my story and give me some advices on how to write like a real writer. 因因advice是不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式。是不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式。 advice15. (2008大綱卷大綱卷II) Third, since I am familiar with
19、 Beijing, I can help visitors find their ways in the city. 因因way作作“線路線路”解時,通常用單數(shù)。如解時,通常用單數(shù)。如find ones way home找到回家的路,找到回家的路,tell sb. the way為某人指路,為某人指路,ask the way問路。問路。way16. (2007大綱卷大綱卷I) I looked at his other hands. “But Grandpa, why do you havemore lines on that one?” 由常識可知,人有兩只手,此處指另由常識可知,人有兩只手,此處指另外一只手,不可能是另外多只手。外一只手,不可能是另外多只手。 hand17. (2007新課標卷新課標卷) I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. 在在birthday前作定語,用名詞的所有前作定語,用名詞的所有格,指在格,指在“朋友的朋友的”生日聚會上。生日聚會上。friendsTHANK YOU!
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