2018-2019學年高考英語一輪復習 Unit 4 Body language講義 新人教版必修4.doc

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Unit 4 Body language 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢) [第一屏聽寫] 1．flight n．　　　　　　　　 飛行；航班 2．cheek n. 面頰 3．dash vi. 猛沖；突進 4．simply adv. 簡單地；只 5．posture n. 姿勢；體態(tài) 6．crossroads n. 十字路口 7．frown vi. 皺眉；蹙額　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第二屏聽寫] 8．misread vt.　　　　　　　 讀錯；誤解 9．facial adj. 面部的 10．fist n. 拳頭 11．yawn vi. 打呵欠 12．respectful adj. 恭敬的 13．subjective adj. 主觀的 14．rank n. 等級；軍銜 15．cassette n. 磁帶 16．employee n. 雇員　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第三屏聽寫] Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英) 1．greet vi.& vt.　 　　　　 迎接；問候 2．represent vt. 代表；象征 3．dormitory n. 宿舍 4．canteen n. 食堂 5．curious adj. 好奇的 6．curiously adv. 好奇地 7．a(chǎn)pproach vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近 n. 接近；方法；途徑　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第四屏聽寫] 8．defend vt.　　　　　　　 保護；保衛(wèi) 9．defence n. 防御；保衛(wèi) 10．major adj. 主要的 11．misunderstand vt. 誤解；誤會 12．misunderstanding n. 誤解；誤會 13．a(chǎn)dult n. 成人；成年人 adj. 成人的；成熟的 14．spoken adj. 口語的 15．unspoken adj. 未說出口的；非口語的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第五屏聽寫] 16．likely adj.　　　　　　 可能的 17．function n. 作用；功能；職能 vi. 起作用；運轉 18．ease n. 安逸；舒適 vt. 減輕(痛苦、憂慮) 19．a(chǎn)nger n. 怒氣； 怒火 20．truly adv. 真實地；真誠地；真正地 21．hug vi.& vt. 擁抱　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第六屏聽寫] 22．a(chǎn)ssociation n．　　　　　 社團；聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想 23．false adj. 錯誤的；假的 24．statement n. 陳述；說明 25．defend_...against 防御；保衛(wèi)……以免受 26．be_likely_to 很可能……；有希望…… 27．in_general 總的來說；通常 28．a(chǎn)t_ease 舒適；快活；自由自在 29．turn_ones_back_to 背對 30．lose_face 丟臉　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 二、刷清單—— (一)核心單詞 閱讀 單詞 1.flight n．　　飛行；航班 2．cheek n. 面頰 3．dash vi. 猛沖；突進 4.crossroads n．　　十字路口 5．facial adj. 面部的 6．fist n. 拳頭 7．yawn vi. 打呵欠 8.subjective adj.　　主觀的 9．rank n. 等級；軍銜 10．posture n. 姿勢；體態(tài) 11．cassette n. 磁帶 表達單詞 1.dormitory n．　　　　宿舍 2．major adj. 主要的 3．a(chǎn)pproach vt.&vi. 接近；走近；靠近 n. 接近；方法；途徑 4．likely adj. 可能的 5．hug vi.&vt. 擁抱 6．function n. 作用；功能；職能 vi. 起作用；運轉 7．represent vt. 代表；象征 8．canteen n. 食堂 9 ease n. 安逸；舒適 vt. 減輕(痛苦、憂慮) 10．a(chǎn)dult n. 成年人；成人 adj. 成人的；成熟的 [語境活用] 1．As you know, smoking is one of the major (主要的) causes of cancer, so youd better give it up. 2．The function (作用) of smile is usually considered to show happiness. 3．At the meeting they discussed three different approaches (方法) to the study of mathematics. 4．As an adult (成年人), you should be responsible for your own decisions. 5．Linda and I, representing (代表) our class, will take part in the contest to be held this weekend. 6．The building is designed as the dormitory (宿舍) for the students. 拓 展 單 詞 1.statement n．陳述；說明→state v．陳述；說明 2．greet vi.&vt.迎接；問候→greeting n．問候；招呼 3．a(chǎn)ssociation n．社團；聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想→associate vt.把……聯(lián)系起來；聯(lián)系→associated adj.有關聯(lián)的 4．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇；好奇心 5．defend vt.保護；保衛(wèi)→defence n．防御；保衛(wèi) 6．misunderstand vt.誤解；誤會→misunderstanding n．誤解；誤會 7．spoken adj.口語的→unspoken adj.(反義詞)未說出口的；非口語的 8．a(chǎn)nger n．怒氣； 怒火→angry adj.生氣的 9．truly adv.真實地；真誠地；真正地→true adj.真實的→truth n．真實；真理 [語境活用] 1．The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity.(curious) 2．To tell you the truth,_Im truly grateful for your helping me make my dream e true.(true) 3．In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend) 4．Entering a supermarket, I was warmly greeted by the greengrocer (果菜商). His cheery greetings made me feel at home.(greet) 5．I wouldnt want to be associated with the illegal association.(associate) 6．He stated the other day that the statement was not made by him.(state) (二)常用短語 寫準記牢 語境活用(選用左欄短語填空) 1.be_curious_about　　對……感到好奇 2．defend_..._against 保衛(wèi)……以免受；防御 3．on_the_contrary 相反地 4．be_likely_to 很可能……；有希望…… 5．in_general 總的來說；通常 6．get_close_to 接近；靠近 7．a(chǎn)s_if 好像 8．a(chǎn)t_ease 舒適；快活；自由自在 9．turn_ones_back_to 背對；背棄 10．lose_face 丟臉 1.Mountainclimbing is great fun.Youll get_close_to nature and take exercise at the same time. 2．They were afraid of risking failure because they didnt want to lose_face. 3．Their criticism did not discourage me. On_the_contrary,_I worked even harder. 4．If the host is too enthusiastic to the guests, he might not put them at_ease. 5．In_general,_the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice. 6．Look, dark clouds are gathering in the sky; it is_likely_to rain later on. (三)經(jīng)典句式 原句背誦 句式解構 佳句仿寫 1.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. 第一個到達的是來自哥倫比亞的托尼加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國的朱莉婭史密斯。 the first/last (one/person) to do sth.意為“第一個/最后一個做某事的人”。 張夢雪是2016里約奧運會中國獲得的第一枚金牌的運動員。 Zhang Mengxue was the first Chinese athlete to_win_the_gold_medal in 2016 Rio Olympic Games. 2.Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they fortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 各種文化背景下人們互致問候的方式不盡相同，身體接觸和相互間距離的程度也并不一樣。 not all“并非所有的都……”，表示部分否定。 并不是所有人都愿意做這樣的工作，因為它對于有些人來說太難了。 Not_all_are_willing_to_do_such_work,_for it is quite hard for some of them. 3.However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. 不過，來自西班牙、意大利或南美等國的人會站在離別人很近的地方，而且可能會(用身體)接觸對方。 be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”。 如果你努力學習，你很有可能考入理想的大學。(2014四川高考書面表達) If you study hard, you are_likely_to_be_admitted_to your dreaming university. (四)初中考點再回顧 高頻考查類——記熟 文化差異類——辨清 易忘易錯類——勤覽 1.make_a_decision　做決定 2．make_a_mess 弄得一團糟 3．make_a_mistake 犯錯誤 4．make ones bed 鋪床 5．make sb. feel at home 讓某人感到賓至如歸 6．milk a cow 擠牛奶 1.practise_singing 　　　練習唱歌 2．a(chǎn)rrive_late 來晚了 3．sing along with music 隨著音樂一起唱 4．dance to music 伴著音樂跳舞 5．a(chǎn) piece of music 一首曲子 6．be supposed to do sth.應該做某事 1.environmental protection 環(huán)境保護 2．ecosystem n. 生態(tài)系統(tǒng) 3．noise pollution 噪音污染 4．light pollution 光污染 5．a(chǎn)t the top of the food chain在食物鏈的頂端 6．save the earth 拯救地球 一、過重點單詞—— 1．represent vt.代表；象征；表現(xiàn)；描寫；描繪；聲稱 [經(jīng)典例句]　Last but not least, I feel it an honour to represent my class to take part in the group dancing petition. 最后但同樣重要的是，我覺得代表我班參加小組跳舞比賽非常榮幸。 (1)represent ...as/to be ...　　 把……描繪成…… represent sth.to sb. 向某人說明某事 represent oneself as/to be ... 自稱是…… (2)representative n. 代表 adj. 典型的；有代表性的 [多角練透] 同義替換 ①On behalf of (＝Representing) our school, Im glad to tell you something about these activities.(2014陜西高考書面表達) 單句語法填空 ②In the afternoon, you together with some of our student representatives (represent) are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there. 補全句子 ③She represents her mother as/to_be the kindest mother in the world. 她把她的媽媽描繪成世界上最好的母親。 2．curious adj.好奇的 [高考佳句]　The life of American high school students is a good choice because Chinese students are curious about the school life of American students.(2015全國卷Ⅰ書面表達) 美國的高中生生活是一個不錯的選擇，因為中國的學生對美國學生的學校生活非常好奇。 (1)be curious about　　　　　 對……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 (2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 with curiosity 好奇地 from/out of curiosity 出于好奇 (3)curiously adv. 好奇地 [多角練透] 單句語法填空 ①Im curious to_know (know) how many satellites have been sent to space up to now. ②In high school, I became curious about the puter, and built my first website. ③They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity (curious) about scientific discoveries. (2014浙江高考書面表達) ④Suddenly the girl calmed down and began looking all around with curiosity. 單句改錯 ⑤Curious enough, the same thing happened again a year later exactly.Curious→Curiously 3．a(chǎn)pproach vt.& vi.接近；靠近；走近；找……商量n.接近；方法；途徑；步驟；通道 [教材原句]　Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! 托尼走近朱莉婭，摸了摸她的肩，親了親她的臉！ (1)an approach to ...　　 ……的方法/通道(to為介詞) (2)approach sth. 靠近/接近…… ...be approaching ……快到了 [多角練透] 單句語法填空 ①All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police. 單句改錯 ②The job market has changed and our approaches to find work must change as well.find→finding 一句多譯 隨著教師節(jié)的臨近，今年我們班決定換一種方式舉行一場晚會來慶祝這個重要的節(jié)日。 ③As Teachers Day was_approaching,_our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. ④With Teachers Day approaching,_our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. ⑤With Teachers Day around_the_corner,_our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. ⑥As Teachers Day was_drawing_near,_ our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. 注意下面“(做)……的方法”的正確搭配 ①the approach to (doing) sth. ②the way to do/of (doing) sth. ③the means of (doing) sth. ④the method of (doing) sth.　　 4．defend vt.保護；保衛(wèi)；辯護 [經(jīng)典例句]　Some people think that students should be trained to defend themselves against some attacks. 有些人認為應該訓練學生保護自己免遭某些攻擊。 (1)defend ...from/against　　　 保護……以免受；防御 defend oneself 為自己辯護；自衛(wèi) (2)defence n. 防御；保衛(wèi) in defence of 保衛(wèi)；為……辯護 [多角練透] 單句語法填空 ①When the dog attacked me, I defended myself (I) with a stick. ②He has employed one of the UKs top lawyers to_defend (defend) him. ③Property insurance helps you to defend against natural disasters, in front of which humans appear too small. 單句改錯 ④All the people, men and women, young and old, were fighting against the flood in defend of their own homes.defend→defence 5．major adj.主要的；重要的n.專業(yè)vi.主修 [教材原句]　I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding. 我猜想很可能有大誤會。 (1)major in　　　　　　　　　 主修 (2)in the majority 占大多數(shù) the majority of 大多數(shù)…… [多角練透] 單句語法填空 ①He had a bitter quarrel with his parents about what he would major in at Stanford University. 單句改錯 ②In that pany I once worked, women workers are in majority.in后加the 同義替換 ③Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, most of (＝the_majority_of) them are over the age of fifty. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．The teacher often asks us to make use of every chance we get to improve our spoken (speak) English. 2．My brothers facial (face) expression suggested that he was very happy. 3．She stared at his husband with anger (angry), saying that she would never forgive him. 4．She is not an outgoing person and she doesnt let anyone know what she truly (true) felt. 5．Much to his delight, the top student will represent his school to_make (make) a speech at the meeting. 6．Being_misunderstood (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience. 7．With the summer vacation approaching (approach), he is wondering what to do during this time. 8．The trees planted at the end of the 1990s have bee a powerful defence (defend) against the strong wind. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Speak clearly, or youll make yourself misunderstand.misunderstand→misunderstood 2．She is in Beijing university, majors in English Literature.majors→majoring 3．The students are looking forward to represent the school to take part in the sports meet.represent→representing 4．We would have avoided make such a mistake, but we did not follow his sound advice.make→making 5．I appreciate the professors new approach to teach languages.teach→teaching Ⅲ.句型轉換 1．He was curious about Australian cities, so he read the book written by Dr.Johnson. →Curious_about_Australian_cities,_he read the book written by Dr.Johnson.(形容詞短語作狀語) 2．When we approached the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. →Approaching_the_city_center,_we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時間狀語) 3．He has hired a lawyer to defend him against his action. →He has hired a lawyer in_defence_of_his_action.(defence) 二、過短語、句式—— 1．in general總的來說；通常 [教材原句]　In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads! 但總的來說，在當今文化交融的世界，學習不同國家的習俗肯定能幫助我們避免交往中的困難！ (1)as a general rule　　　　　 一般而言；通常 generally speaking 總體而言；一般而言 (2)on the whole＝to sum up 總的來說 as a whole 就整體來看；一般地說 in a word 總之 in short/brief 簡而言之；總之 [多角練透] 單句語法填空 ①Peter can be really difficult to deal with at times even though hes a nice person in general. ②Generally (general) speaking, the number of the people who drive after drinking is on the decrease. 補全句子 ③As_a_general_rule,_the more expensive the puter is, the better it is. 一般而言，電腦越貴越好。 2．a(chǎn)t ease舒適；快活；自由自在 [經(jīng)典例句]　In general, we dont feel at ease in the strange surroundings. 通常，我們在陌生的環(huán)境里感到不舒服。 (1)feel/look at ease　　 感到/看上去心情放松 put sb. at ease 使某人放松 take ones ease 休息；輕松一下 (2)with ease 輕易地；毫不費力地 (3)ease ones mind 使某人安心 ease sb. of sth. 減輕某人的(痛苦、負擔等) [多角練透] 單句語法填空 ①We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before. ②I eased him of his difficulty by telling him what to do. 補全句子 ③When you feel nervous, youd better listen to some light music to put_yourself_at_ease. 當你感到緊張時，你最好聽一些輕音樂使自己放松一下。 3．the first/last (one/person) to do sth.“第一個/最后一個做某事的人” The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. 第一個到達的是來自哥倫比亞的托尼加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國的朱莉婭史密斯。 (1)當中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級等修飾時或前有the next, the only, the last等時，常用不定式作后置定語。 (2)動詞不定式作定語用來修飾的詞是抽象名詞，常見的有：ability, chance, ambition, offer, anxiety, answer, reply, attempt, belief等。 單句語法填空 ①If I have any further news, you will be the first person to_know (know)． ②There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to_contact (contact) you failed. 補全句子 ③The ability to_express_an_idea is as important as the idea itself. 表達思想的能力和思想本身同等重要。 4．be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事” However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are_more_likely_to_touch them. 不過，來自像西班牙、意大利和南美等國的人會站在離別人很近的地方，而且可能會(用身體)接觸對方。 Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.＝Its likely that ...意為“……做某事是可能的”。 單句語法填空 ①That means the price is likely to_go (go) down because of the petition. ②If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency is likely to_be_improved (improve)． 句型轉換 ③If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others. →If you grow up in a large family, it_is_more_likely_that you develop the ability to get on well with others. Ⅰ.選詞填空 up and down，in defence of，on the contrary，turn ones back to，in general 1．I didnt see his face clearly because he turned_his_back_to me. 2．In_general,_most teenagers now listen to pop music. However, John prefers classical music. 3．The poor girl wandered up_and_down in the street，not knowing where to go. 4．In_defence_of our motherland, a large number of people lost their lives. 5．I didnt make fun of you. On_the_contrary,_I envy you because you can choose your work. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Johns careless work made him lose his face before his boss.去掉第一個his 2．Nurses do all they can to make patients feel with ease.with→at 3．Mother worked late into the night, prepare things for my college.prepare→preparing 4．He was late today. However, his teacher forgave him as he was the first arrive at school in general.arrive前加to 5．As we are not familiar with the city, we are likely to getting lost on the way back to the hotel.getting→get Ⅲ.一句多譯 1．面對危險，并非所有的人能保持冷靜。 ①Not_all_the_people_can_keep_calm in the face of danger. ②All_the_people_cannot_keep_calm in the face of danger. 2．隨著高考臨近，我們壓力很大。 ①With_the_college_entrance_examination_approaching,_we are under great stress. (with, approach) ②As_the_college_entrance_examination_draws_near,_we are under great stress.(as, draw) 3．眾所周知，早起早睡是個好習慣。 ①As we all know, going_to_bed_early_and_getting_up_early is a good habit.(v.ing作主語) ②As we all know, it_is_a_good_habit_to_go_to_bed_early_and_get_up_early.(it作形式主語) 4．如果你繼續(xù)吸煙，你的身體健康可能會受到損害。 ①You are_likely_to_suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. ②It_is_likely_that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. 三、過語法、寫作—— (一)單元小語法——動詞ing形式作定語或狀語 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．The lecture, starting (start) at 7：00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. 2．I was starting to panic, feeling (feel) pletely abandoned. Suddenly I saw a faint light in the distance. 3．Not knowing (know) what to do, the children had to wait for their parents to e back. 4．Having_been_translated (translate) into many languages, the book is popular in many countries. 5．The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing (stand) in the corner. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Outside the library, I saw a man driving around the small parking lot, try to find a parking space.try→trying 2．Enjoyed the beauty of nature, we should try our best to protect it.Enjoyed→Enjoying 3．A week before the Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, called on us to join in the action for a greener earth.called→calling 4．Walk in the park this morning, I came across two beautiful birds.Walk→Walking 5．The case shocked the public, caused a hot debate over human nature on the Internet.caused→causing (二)課堂微寫作練縮寫——讓語言更凝練 [題目要求] 眾所周知，身勢語是安靜、神秘而又最強大的語言之一，請把下面的作文縮寫成60詞左右的文章，簡單介紹身勢語。 It is well known that body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all. It speaks louder than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than we realize.As we have more munication with foreigners, we should pay more attention to the differences in our body language. As a matter of fact, many differences exist between Chinese and American body language.For example, there are more touching gestures in China than in American. Women or girls in China often walk handinhand which is very rare in America. Also, Americans thinks it rude to put out ones tongue, while the Chinese often use this gesture when they are embarrassed. Furthermore, Chinese people will pat children on the head if they like them, while the Americans do so to offer encouragement or fort. In a word, only by fully understanding all the differences in body language can we expect to achieve proper munication. But whatever the situation, the best advice is to obey the Golden Rule: Treat others as you would like to be treated. [答案示例] Body_language_is_the_quiet,_secret_and_most_powerful_language_of_all._It_speaks_louder_than_words._Our_bodies_send_out_more_messages_than_we_realize._We_should_pay_more_attention_to_the_differences_in_our_body_language._Many_differences_exist_between_Chinese_and_American_body_language._In_a_word,_only_by_fully_understanding_all_the_differences_in_body_language_can_we_expect_to_achieve_proper_munication. Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2018長沙一模)In between running one of the worlds largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsofts technology advisor, Bill Gates manages to find time to read books, both long and short. Now Gates — who has been labeled a “greedy” reader — has released a list of his favorite books. All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy. Here are Bills top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book)． Business Adventures, by John Brooks Brooks collection was published in 1969 and remains one of Gates favorites. He reread it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read. “Shortly after we met, Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s. I loved them as much as he did. Brooks insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully, and they are as true today as ever.” Capital in the TwentyFirst Century, by Thomas Piketty Pikettys novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning ine inequality throughout this year. Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the nonfiction work to discuss the topic. “As I told him, although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions, I agree with his most important conclusions: inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it.” How Asia Works, by Joe Studwell Studwells work, which was published in May 2014, addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China ha