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1、英語十大詞類實詞(6)：名n.代prep. 、數(shù)num. 、動與形副虛詞(4):冠、介、連、感嘆冠、介、連、感嘆名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成規(guī)則 名詞復(fù)數(shù)有規(guī)律，一般詞尾加名詞復(fù)數(shù)有規(guī)律，一般詞尾加s;輔音字母輔音字母+y型，變型，變y為為i,es;ch,sh真有趣，真有趣，s,x,es;f,fe真小氣，字母真小氣，字母v來把它替，來把它替，es在后別忘記；在后別忘記；字母字母o來真神奇，有生命來來真神奇，有生命來es,沒有生命沒有生命+s. 讀音規(guī)則：清音/s/, 元濁/z/ 以-s，-x, -ch,-sh結(jié)尾/s/, /z/, /t /, /d / 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)加es,讀/-iz/ 以-ce,-se,-ze(
2、dge)結(jié)尾, 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)加s,讀/-iz/寫出下列詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 book boy break volunteer month bus box watch wish orange piece house face tomato potato photo radio city baby body facetory worry century diary country duty dictionary family story可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)特殊變化規(guī)律2： 中日好友來聚會，綿羊、鹿、魚把家回。中日好友來聚會，綿羊、鹿、魚把家回。男士、女士男士、女士a變變e；牙（齒）、腳雙；牙（齒）、腳雙o變雙變雙e;
3、孩子們想去天安門，原形后面孩子們想去天安門，原形后面r、 e 、n;老鼠本來愛大米，老鼠本來愛大米，mice,ice和和rice. 注：中Chinese,日Japanese，好友people.綿羊sheep,鹿deer,魚fish （這些單詞單復(fù)數(shù)一樣） man-men woman-women tooth-teeth foot-feet child-children mouse-mice 可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的常用修飾語可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的常用修飾語 修飾可數(shù)名詞的常用修飾語: 1.修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)：a/an, one, this, that 2.修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)：two 及其他數(shù)字 these這些
4、, those那些, few幾乎沒有, a few有一點, many許多, more, most a good /great many,大量 a great /good number of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞的常用修飾語: this這, that那, little幾乎沒有, a little有一點, a bit of一點兒, much許多, more, most a great deal of, 大量 a large amount of大量 量詞：a cup of /a piece of two cups of/two pieces of 名詞所有格 1.大衛(wèi)的叔叔大衛(wèi)的叔叔 Davids unc
5、le 2.我妹妹的郵票我妹妹的郵票 my sisters stamp 3.雙胞胎的書房雙胞胎的書房 the twins study 4.老師們的辦公室老師們的辦公室 the teachers office 5.婦女節(jié)婦女節(jié) Womens Day 6.孩子們的業(yè)余愛好孩子們的業(yè)余愛好 the childrens hobbies 7.他的筆友的信他的筆友的信 his penfriends letter 8.這本書的名字這本書的名字 this books name 9.我表弟的電話號碼我表弟的電話號碼 my cousins telephonenumber 10.郵電局的大門郵電局的大門 the po
6、st offices door 11Jane and Roberts class. 共同共同的的 12. Janes and Roberts class 各自各自的的必須用必須用of 所有格的情形：所有格的情形： 用于無生命的事物時：用于無生命的事物時： the subject of the sentence 句子主句子主 表同位關(guān)系時：表同位關(guān)系時：the City of Beijing 北京市北京市 當中心詞是名詞化的名詞時：當中心詞是名詞化的名詞時： the life of the poor 窮人的生活窮人的生活 當當of 所有格中的名詞后跟有后置修飾語或同位所有格中的名詞后跟有后置修飾
7、語或同位語時：語時：Mr White is a foreign teacher of a university in China. 懷特先生是中國一所大學的外籍教師。懷特先生是中國一所大學的外籍教師。 冠詞 冠詞的定義冠詞的定義 ：冠詞是置于名詞之前，對名：冠詞是置于名詞之前，對名詞起限制作用的一種虛詞。冠詞可以說是詞起限制作用的一種虛詞。冠詞可以說是名詞的一種標志，名詞的一種標志，它不能離開名詞而獨立它不能離開名詞而獨立存在。存在。 冠詞的分類：冠詞的分類： 冠詞分為冠詞分為不定冠詞不定冠詞“a，an”、定冠詞、定冠詞“the”和零冠詞三種。零冠詞指的是不用和零冠詞三種。零冠詞指的是不用冠詞
8、的情況。冠詞的情況。 不定冠詞表示泛指，定冠詞表示特指。不定冠詞表示泛指，定冠詞表示特指。不定冠詞不定冠詞 不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞的用法-1 不定冠詞有不定冠詞有a和和an兩種形式。兩種形式。a用在以輔用在以輔音開頭的詞前，音開頭的詞前，an用在以元音用在以元音 開頭的詞開頭的詞前。前。判斷一個詞是以元音開頭還是以輔音判斷一個詞是以元音開頭還是以輔音開頭，是根據(jù)讀音而不是根據(jù)字母。開頭，是根據(jù)讀音而不是根據(jù)字母。 元音開頭的可數(shù)名詞前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an ala
9、rm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an egineer/ an hour an X-ray This is ( ) S. This is ( ) “S”.無引號重字母，無引號重字母，有有引引號重讀號重讀音音。 a unit a useful book an uncle/ an auntan old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art
10、 lesson / an English book 定冠詞的用法：定冠詞的用法： （1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物：）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk. （2）復(fù)述上文提到的人或物：）復(fù)述上文提到的人或物： He has a sweater. The sweater is new. （3）談話雙方都知道的人或物：）談話雙方都知道的人或物： The boys arent at school. （4）在序數(shù)詞前：）在序數(shù)詞前： the+序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞 Johns birthday is on February the second. （5）用于世界上獨一
11、無二的事物：）用于世界上獨一無二的事物： the sun, the moon, the earth （6）用于固定詞組中：）用于固定詞組中： in the morning / afternoon / evening play the piano/guitar 不用冠詞的情況：（1）專有名詞前：）專有名詞前：China is a big country. （2）名詞前有定語：）名詞前有定語：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等：等：This is my baseball. （3）復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事：）復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事：Monkeys ca
12、nt swim. They are teachers. （4）在節(jié)日，日期，月份，季節(jié)前：）在節(jié)日，日期，月份，季節(jié)前：Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday. （5）一日三餐前：）一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30. （6）球類）球類 棋類運動前：棋類運動前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.但樂器前要用定冠詞但樂器前要用定冠詞：I play the guitar very well. （7）學科名稱前：）學科名稱前：My favorite sub
13、ject is music. （8）在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前：）在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前：This is Mr Li. （9）固定詞組中：）固定詞組中：at noon at night by bus 和某些形容詞連用，使形容詞名詞化，代表一類人或物 the poor 窮人 the rich 富人 the sick 病人 the wounded 傷員 the good 好人 the beautiful 美麗的事物 表示演奏樂器時，樂器的前面要加the play the piano 彈鋼琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 進行球類運動 play basketball 打籃球 play volle
14、yball 打排球 play football 踢足球 某些固定的表達法 in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 go to the cinema 去看電影 go to the theatre 去看戲 all the year round 一年到頭 on the way to 前往.去的路上 冠詞填空：在下列句中空白處填入適當冠詞，不需用冠詞處劃/。 1Does Jim have _ ruler？ Yes，he has one 1Does Jim have _ ruler？ Yes，he has _ Aan；some
15、 Ba；one Ca； Dany；one (第一空是泛指；第二空的第一空是泛指；第二空的one是不定代詞，用以替代前面是不定代詞，用以替代前面的的ruler。) 2There is _ old bike _ old bike is Mr. Zhaos Aan ；The Bthe；An Ca；The Dthe；The 3 _ apple a day keeps the doctors away AThe BA CAn DTwo BAc這是一句諺語，意思是這是一句諺語，意思是“一天吃一個蘋果，用不著看醫(yī)生。一天吃一個蘋果，用不著看醫(yī)生?！?選擇填空選擇填空。 4How many books do
16、you have？ I have _ bookThats _ English book Aa；an Ba；one Cone；an Done；one 5At that time Tom was _ one-year-old baby Aa Ban Cthe D cAone強調(diào)數(shù)量，用以回答強調(diào)數(shù)量，用以回答“Howmany？”問句；第二個空是泛指，故用問句；第二個空是泛指，故用an。 one雖以元音字母開頭，但以輔音音素雖以元音字母開頭，但以輔音音素w開頭，故填開頭，故填a。 6Does Tom often play _ football after _ school？ A； B；the Cth
17、e； Da； 7We cant see _ sun at _ night Athe；the Bthe； Ca； D； 8 It is _ useful book ！Ive read it for _ hour. A an; an B a; an C a ; a Dan, the ABB在在“太陽、月亮、地球太陽、月亮、地球”的前面一般都加定冠詞的前面一般都加定冠詞the；at night“在夜晚在夜晚”，注意該短語中沒有冠詞。注意該短語中沒有冠詞。 Be的用法 我我(I)用用am，你，你(you)用用are， is總是跟著他總是跟著他(he)她她(she)它它(it); 單數(shù)單數(shù)is，復(fù)數(shù)，復(fù)
18、數(shù)are，復(fù)數(shù)則會有變化，復(fù)數(shù)則會有變化(s/es) 變否定很容易，變否定很容易，be后后not就搞定，就搞定， 一般要用縮寫式，一般要用縮寫式，isnt，arent請記住。請記住。 變疑問變疑問,be提前，提前， 句首大寫要注意，句后問號莫遲疑；句首大寫要注意，句后問號莫遲疑； 要回答很簡單，肯定要回答很簡單，肯定Yes，否定，否定No。 Yes后面用全寫，后面用全寫， 否定一般用縮寫否定一般用縮寫。一、用be的適當形式填空。 _ student _ your father a worker Yes, he _ They _ in the classroom This _ an apple
19、Where _ my books 6 We _friends.amIsisareisareare 7.You _ a good student. 8.These _her pears. 9.How much _the T-shirt? 10.How much _ the socks? 11.Our mother _forty. 12.You can _ in our school music club. I want to _ a teacher.areareisareisbebe Lets _friends. He and I _friends. Tina _ a student. Mary
20、 and Tom _ students. Someone _ in the room. Everyone _ here. Who _ your brother? When _ your uncles birthday?beareisareisisisis將下列句子變成否定句 I am a student. _ You are John. _ He is my Chinese teacher. _ She is my cousin. _I am not a student.You are not John.He is not my Chinese teacher.She is not my co
21、usin.變否定很容易，變否定很容易，be后后not就搞定就搞定，一般要用縮寫式，一般要用縮寫式，isnt，arent請記住。請記住。You arent John.She isnt my cousin. 5. It is red. _ 6. We are classmates. _ 7. You are her friends. _ 8. They are my parents. _ 9. This is my sister. _ 10. That is a pencil. _ 11. These are my trousers. _ 12. Those are his shoes. _ My
22、 pencil box is in my school bag. _ Ginas books are everywhere. _ Soccer is easy for me. _ The socks are seven dollars. _ Yellow sweaters are 12. _ My birthday is on May 2nd. _ Im twelve. (Im=I am) _ School day is on October 3rd. _ This is a busy term. _ My favorite subject is science. _ My geography
23、 teacher is Mrs. Qin. _ His Chinese class is on Monday. _ History is interesting. _ Math is useful. _將下列句子變成一般疑問句 變疑問變疑問,be提前，提前， 句首大寫要注意，句后問號莫遲疑；句首大寫要注意，句后問號莫遲疑； 要回答很簡單，肯定要回答很簡單，肯定Yes，否定，否定No。 Yes后面用全寫，后面用全寫， 否定一般用縮寫否定一般用縮寫。將下列句子變成一般疑問句,并作肯定否定回答。 I am a student. _ You are John. _ He is my Chinese t
24、eacher. _ She is my cousin. _ Are you a student?Am I John?Is he your Chinese teacher?Is she your cousin?Yes, I am.No, Im not.Yes, you are.No, you arent.Yes, he is.No, he isnt.Yes, she is.No, she isnt. 5. It is red. _ 6. We are classmates. _ 7. You are her friends. _ 8. They are my parents. _ This is
25、 my sister. _ That is my pencil. _ These are my trousers. _ Those are his shoes. _ My pencil box is in my school bag. _ Ginas books are everywhere. _ Soccer is easy for me. _ The socks are seven dollors. _ Yellow sweaters are 12. _ My birthday is on May 2nd. _ Im twelve.(Im=I am) _ School day is on
26、October 3rd. _ This is a busy term. _ My favorite subject is science. _ My geography teacher is Mrs. Qin. _ His Chinese class is on Monday. _ History is interesting. _ Math is useful. _代詞人稱代詞主格主格I 我我 you 你你he他他she她她it它它we我我們們you你你們們they他們他們賓格賓格me 我我you 你你him他他her她她it它它us我我們們you你你們們them他們他們物主代詞形容形容詞性
27、詞性my 我的我的your你的你的his他他的的her她她的的its它它的的our我們我們的的your你們你們的的their他們他們的的名詞名詞性性mine我的我的yours你的你的his他他的的hers她她的的its它它的的ours我們我們的的yours你們你們的的theirs他們他們的的人稱代詞主格：作主語（一般在句首） I我 you 你，還有he she it 他她它； 我用am,你用are, is 總是跟著he she it 他她它 We 我們, you你們，they 他們 有“們”是復(fù)數(shù)，跟are一起不會錯。代詞賓格：賓格作賓語，一般接在動詞后（賓格作賓語，一般接在動詞后（love)
28、 愛我, 愛我， love me , love me ； 愛你，愛你，love you ，love you ； 愛他，愛他，love him ，love him ； 愛她，愛她，love her ，love her ； 愛它， 愛它，love it ，love it ； 愛我們，愛我們，love us, love us 愛你們，愛你們，love you, love you 愛他們，愛她們，愛它們，love them, love them, love them.人稱代詞作主語時用主格，作賓語時用賓格。人稱代詞作主語時用主格，作賓語時用賓格。( I ) like ( her ), and ( sh
29、e ) likes ( me ) , too. 我喜歡她，她也喜歡我。我喜歡她，她也喜歡我。形容詞物主代詞（的）+名詞 我的，我的，my, my, my; 你的，你的，your, your, your; 他的his，她的 her，動物它的是 its, our, our, 我們的， your, your, 你們的， their, their, 他們的，她們的，它們的名詞性物主代詞=形容詞物主代詞（的）+名詞 我的mine, 你的yours, 他的his,她的hers, 它的its, 我們的，我們的ours, 你們的，你們的yours, 他們的，她們的，它們的theirs. mine=my + n
30、. yours=your +n. his = his + n. its= its +n.( This is your ruler, it is not mine.這是你的尺子，不是我的。 This is my book, and that is his./ his book.) hers= her +n. ours=our +n. yours=your +n. theirs= their +n.(二) 選詞填空： 1. -Whats _ name? (you / your ) _ -_ name is Bob. ( My / I / me) 2. _ erasers are in _drawe
31、r. (her / she / Her / She) 3. Can _(you / your ) do _ (you / your ) homework?yourMyHerheryouyour 4. _ is a cat. _ name is Mimi. ( it / its / It / Its ) 5. _ brother can speak Japanese. (Hes / His / He ) 6. Please take _ keys to school. _ are on the table. ( they / their / them / They / Their / Them
32、)ItItsHistheirThey 7. _ is thirteen years old. _ birthday is March 1st. (He / His / Him) 8. _ favorite vegetable is tomato. (her / she / Her / She) 9. Can you help _ ?( we / us / our) Please take _ to school. ( they / their / them) 10. _ cant see _baseball. Its behind _. ( My / I / me / my ) HeHisHerusthemImyme
七年級上復(fù)習
