學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議OralPresentationSkills.ppt

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ORAL PRESENTATION SKILLS,I. PREPARATION AND PLANNING,ESSENTIAL PREPARATION AND PLANNING CHECKLIST --- My Aim/purpose？ --- My Title？ --- My Target Audience? --- My Main Points? --- My,STRUCTURE OF AN ORAL PRESENTATION,THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTION Get the audience's attention and signal the beginning. Right. Well. OK. Erm. Let's begin. Good. Fine. Great. Can we start? Shall we start? Let's get the ball rolling. Let's get down to business.,THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTION,B. Greet audience. Hello ladies and gentlemen. Good morning members of the jury. Good afternoon esteemed guests Good evening members of the board Fellow colleagues Mr. Chairman/Chairwoman Thank you for your kind introduction,THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTION,Introduce oneself, (name, position, and company) Good morning everyone, I'd like to start by introducing myself. My name is. I am a student at the INT I am a doctoral candidate, I am X. Y. from 3 Com. I'm the manager of… I am a researcher from … I've been working on the subject now for X years. I've had wide experience in the field of .,THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTION,Give title and introduce subject I plan to speak about. Today I'm going to talk about. The subject of my presentation is. The theme of my talk is. I've been asked to give you an overview of.,Give your objectives (purpose, aim, goals) What I would like to do today is … to explain to illustrate. to give you the essential background information on. to outline. to have a look at. What I want my listeners to get out of my speech is. If there is one thing I'd like to get across to you today it is that…,THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTION,THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTION,Announce your outline. I have broken my speech down/up into X parts. I have divided my presentation (up) into Y parts. In the first part I give a few basic definitions. In the next section I will explain In part three, I am going to show. In the last part I would like/want to give a practical example.,THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTION,Questions and comments from the audience. I'd ask you to save your questions for the end. There will be plenty of time at the end of my speech for a discussion. You may interrupt me at any moment to ask questions or make comments. Please stop me if you don't understand any thing I say but could you keep any specific questions until after I've finished.,THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTION,Make a transition between the introduction and the body. Now let us turn to point one. Let us now move on to the second part, which is, as I said earlier….,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,A. Content B. Quantity C. Sequencing your ideas D. Keeping the audience's attention,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,E Signposting or signaling where you are. Listing information Lists are often a necessary evil. Vary your language whenever possible and avoid reading directly. There are three things we have to consider: one, two, and three. A, B, C. Now let us look at the first aspect which is. First of all,… In the first place…,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,Linking ideas, sections/making transitions Indicate the end of one section and the beginning of the next. That's all I would like to say about. (subject of part A) and now let us turn to Now that we've seen. let us turn to…,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To be clear and concrete. Use examples, rephrasing, summaries etc.:,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To give an example: Now let's take an example. An example of this can be found. To illustrate this… Let's see this through an example. For example, For instance,,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To rephrase: Let me rephrase that, In other words Another way of saying the same thing is That is to say,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To emphasize What is very significant is. What is important to remember. I'd like to emphasize the fact that. I’d like to stress the importance of. What I tried to bring out. What we need to focus on.,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To summarize: To summarize To sum up, Let me summarize by saying So that concludes my overview In conclusion Briefly said In short, What I've tried to show in this part. To recap what we've seen so far.,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To refer to what you have said previously: As I have already said earlier. As we saw in part one. To repeat what I've said already…,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To refer to what you will say: We will see this a little later on. This will be the subject of part 3. We will go into more detail on that later.,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To refer to what an expert says: I quote the words of . In the words of… According to. Here I'd like to quote… As Mr. X says in his book. There is a famous quotation that goes.,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODY,To refer to common knowledge: As you all may well know. It is generally accepted that. As you are probably aware (of).,THE END OR CONCLUSION,The end or the conclusion of your talk should include four parts: brief reminder of what you tried to show in your speech and how you tried to do so, a short conclusion, thanks to the audience for listening, and an invitation to ask questions, make comments or open a discussion.,THE END OR CONCLUSION,Naturally you need to signpost the end of your talk. This may take the form of a recapitulation of the main points. I'd like to summarize/sum up At this stage I would like to run through/over the main points. So, as we have seen today As I have tried to explain this morning BT finds itself in,THE END OR CONCLUSION,Above all when you conclude do not do it abruptly or as if surprised to get to the end of your talk. In conclusion I would like to say that. My final comments concern. I would like to finish by reminding everyone that.,THE END OR CONCLUSION,And finally you may well have to deal with questions. I'd be happy to answer any questions If there are any questions please feel free to ask. Thank you very much for your attention and if there are any suggestions or comments,General and miscellaneous tips.,Test the visual to see if people at the back of the room can see it. Stand to the side of the screen and face the audience. Mask to reveal only what you want the audience to see. Use a pointer or a pen to draw attention to a specific point. Visuals should be adjusted to the audience. Visuals should supplement the spoken message. Large enough for everyone to see. (Good idea to give out a paper copy, i.e. a handout, not at the same time though, as the audience may not look at you) Don't display too much information, too many colors or typefaces. Does the layout work? Are there any spelling mistakes or grammatical errors? Remember they are going to be in plain view all the time of your visual.,How should you present a visual in a presentation?,Let's look at the current distribution of the market, as you can see. I'm going to show you now the most recent figures available. My next slide concerns the method by which.,BODY LANGUAGE,Positive body language eye contact to keep audiences' attention facial expressions should be natural and friendly. Don't forget to smile. raise eyebrows to show surprise open eyes wide posture – stand straight but relaxed (do not slouch or lean) movement - to indicate a change of focus, keep the audience's attention move forward to emphasize move to one side to indicate a transition gesture up and down head motion or other movements to indicate importance pen or pointer to indicate a part, a place (on a transparency). shrug of the shoulders to indicate “I don't know!“ hands - back and forth = two possibilities, more or less arm - movement back, forth,BODY LANGUAGE,Negative body language loss of eye contact: looking at notes, looking at screen, at the board, at the floor don't stare, or look blankly into people's eyes swaying back and forth like a pendulum back turned to the audience nervous ticks hands in pockets,CREATING INTEREST AND ESTABLISHING A RELATIONSHIP WITH THE AUDIENCE,Arouse listeners' interest from the beginning. Other techniques are: Give an unusual fact or statistic. Use words like you, we, us, our. Illustrate with a real life story or anecdote. Ask the audience to do something. “Raise your hands if you know.“ Ask the audience direct or rhetorical questions. (See below) Other tips: Be brief and clear in giving the subject and purpose. The speaker’s attitude is important - knowledge, personality, openness. Be lively and enthusiastic. Use a variety of media sources.,