（備考2020）中考英語真題分類匯編 專題十八 任務型閱讀（含解析）

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1、專題十八 任務型閱讀 1.(2019河北) ?閱讀短文，并按要求完成66~70題 Critical thinking(批判性思維) is trying to improve the way you think. People use critical thinking in every area of life to solve problems and evaluate claims(評估主張). Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. When a problem comes our way, we nee

2、d to think critically to decide how to solve it. When we see an advertisement, for example, we should stop and think. Advertisements are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people can buy the products. But is what the advertisement says true? Is it making a claim? Or does i

3、t only interest us? Critical thinking is important and stops us from making poor choices. In fact, we are using it if we ask questions naturally about what we see. Practice makes perfect. While you are growing in critical thinking, you’ll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. There are many wa

4、ys of doing practice. Here are a few. ★?Read about a topic people disagree on. Look at articles or books on all sides of the subject. For each side of the subject, think carefully and evaluate it. ★?When you see or hear a claim, ask questions about it. Who is making the claim and why? ★Evaluate y

5、our own thinking. Where and why do you think uncritically? How can you improve? Critical thinking should be part of everything we do.?It may help you to succeed at work or school.?Make yourself into a habit of critical thinking. Change your thoughts and change your world. 66、67題完成句子；68題簡略回答問題；69題找

6、出并寫下第二段的主題句；70題將文中畫線句子譯成漢語。 66. People use critical thinking to _____________________________ and evaluate claims. 67. Critical thinking can stop us from ____________________________________________. 68. What kind of person will you become as you grow in critical thinking? ______________________

7、___________________________________________________________ 69. ______________________________________________________________________________ 70. _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】： 66. solve problems.???? 67. making poor choices. ???68. I’ll be

8、come a wiser and more thoughtful person. 69. Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. 70.?它可能在工作或學校幫助你成功。 66. solve problems.???? 67. making poor choices. ???68. I’ll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. 69. Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. 70.?它可

9、能在工作或學校幫助你成功。 【解析】： 66.?細節(jié)題，較簡單。考察精確查找答案的能力。根據(jù)題意鎖定第一段第二句?“?People use critical thinking in every area of life to solve problems and evaluate claims.”?可知答案。 67.?細節(jié)題，較簡單。通過題目關鍵詞找到第二段倒數(shù)第二句?“?Critical thinking is important and stops us from making poor choices.”?為原句可知答案。 68.?細節(jié)題，較簡單。認真讀題，通過關鍵詞?“?as

10、you grow in critical thinking”?找到原句為第三段第二句?“?While you are growing in critical thinking, you’ll become a wiser and more thoughtful person.”?可知答案。此題需要注意兩點。1）是原句中的?“?while”?和題目中的?“?as”?是同義詞，“當......的時候”的意思。2）任務型閱讀中68題簡略回答問題如果問題中有第二人稱時，在回答的時候需要變成相對應的第一人稱。 69.?考察主題句。段落的主題句通常為某段的第一句，此題也不例外。通過對第二段的理解可知，該

11、段第一句為主題句，后面內(nèi)容都是對第一句的舉例及說明。此題較為簡單。 70.?此題難度較低。翻譯時需要注意短語help sb to do?及succeed“成功”的中文釋義。 2.(2019揚州) 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答題卡標有題號的橫線上，寫成空缺處所填單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞） Nowadays, many people in China and Japan are racing against time. They put a lot of value in “being on time”. However, in some countries of t

12、he world, people have different opinions on “being on time”. Germany Thanks to its industrial past, in Germany you are expected to arrive at least ten minutes earlier for any planned meeting.In Germany, being on time is risky enough because your hosts will probably already be there waiting, wonder

13、ing how on earth you could be so stupid. What will you do if anything unexpected happens, like heavy traffic or a sudden rain? So remember to arrive early in Germany. Saudi Arabia Some countries care little about time and Saudi Arabia is one of them. It’s because of their long history of desert li

14、ving where time is not the first thing to think about. It could be that it’s too hot to do anything on time. So don’t expect them to be on time. Moreover, looking at your watch during an event is even considered as bad manners. So don’t get angry with them, either. Ghana Most meeting times can be

15、changed, even if an exact time is given, Ghanaians are very relaxed and easygoing. They think that if everyone is late, then no one is late. After all, what can’t be done today can get done tomorrow. If you find it difficult to deal with, prepare to be unhappy. Otherwise, sit back enjoy the ride. R

16、ussia Patience is considered a very important quality in Russian culture but being on time is not. When doing business in Russia, do be on time. Otherwise, it will be considered disrespectful. But Russians won’t hold themselves to the same standard. So, again, patience can be key. How differently

17、people ______56_______ “being on time” in different countries ________57________ Different opinions on “being on time” China and Japan ●Both Chinese and Japanese think it________58______to be on time. Germany ●_______59________expect you to arrive early for any planned meeting because of the i

18、nfluence of their industrial past. ●You are thought to be stupid _____60_______you arrive at least ten minutes earlier. Saudi Arabia ●Time is not the_______61________thing for people living in the desert to consider. ●Looking at your watch during an event is considered to be_________62_______ G

19、hana ●Ghanaians think that if everyone is late, then_______63______ is late. ●Most meeting times can be changed. You might be unhappy if you can’t accept it. Russia ●Be patient in Russia because it’s very important quality in its _______64_______. ●While doing business in Russia, you should be

20、 on time, though Russians are not strict with_______65______ in it. 【答案與解析】： 56.think / consider 57. Countries 58.valuable 59. Germans 60. unless 61.first 62.rude / impolite 63.nobody 64.culture 65.themselves 解析： 56.think / consider 根據(jù)文中第一段第三句的have different opinions

21、轉換得 57. Countries 根據(jù)表格第一列都是各國家名可得答案country，注意首字母大寫 58.valuable根據(jù)文中第一段第二句的value轉換可得 59. Germans根據(jù)文中第二段的in Germany可得 60. unless根據(jù)文中第三段第一句句意可得 61.first 根據(jù)文中第四段第二句可得 62.impolite或rude根據(jù)文中第四段倒數(shù)第二句bad manners可得 63.nobody 根據(jù)文中第五段第二句no one轉換可得 64.culture 根據(jù)最后一段第一句可得 65.themselves根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句可得

22、 3. (2019涼山州) 完成表格。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成表格中所缺的信息，并將其答案的完整 形式寫在答題卡上相應的位置。每空一詞。 When l was a teenager growing up in a town, I felt studying very boring, I wanted to leave school and have my own life. There were only two ways for me to do this—working in the toy factory in my town, or getting marri

23、ed. I chose the first one. I was nervous when I told my father that I wanted to leave school. I thought he would say, “No! You are going to college.” Instead, he surprised me when he said, “OK. We’ll go to the toy factory.” Two days later, he took me to the factory. I had a very romantic idea of

24、 working in a factory. I had imagined everyone to be friendly working together and having fun. I even imagined there would be music and singing. I guess I had watched too many movies as a teenager. When we arrived at the factory gates, my father spoke to the guard and one minute later we went

25、 inside. My father said, “Take your time. Look around.” I walked around the factory, looking at the buildings, the workers, and listening to the noise. It was terrible. I ran back to my father and said, “I want to go home.” He asked me, “What do you think of the factory?” “It’s terrible.” I replie

26、d. “You have the other choice if you don’t want to go back to school. But I think getting married is even worse!” he said. I went back to school the next day. From then on, I studied as hard as I could. Finally I got into a good college. I enjoyed studying English, so I decided to major in lan

27、guages at college. Thanks to my father and our trip to the factory, now I work in a company which is a big one in a city. And my father takes pride in me. I married a very good man and my life is much better than it would have been working in the factory! A 96 to a factory with my father A

28、t school I felt bored to 97 . I have 98 choices if I leave school. I didn’t choose to get 99 . I choose to work in a toy factory. I told my father about the decision and he 100 . In the factory The factory I 101 The workers would have 102 working togeth

29、er. There would be music and singing. The factory I walk around It’s terrible to have much 103 . At 104 I majored in languages because I like English. In a big company I have a good family. My father is 105 of my. 【答案與解析】 作者感到學習很無聊．她的爸爸帶她去了一家玩具工廠，看到工廠的情況以后，她決定回到學校努力學習．后來考上了一所好

30、大學，主修語言，現(xiàn)在在城里的一個大公司工作． （1）visit．考查名詞．根據(jù)文章介紹可知，作者的爸爸帶著她去了工廠，?he?took?me?to?the?factory．看到了工廠工人的工作狀態(tài)和，工作環(huán)境．因此我們可以看出這個句子的意思是"和爸爸去工廠的一次參觀"，所以填寫名詞visit．故答案為visit． （2）study．考查動詞．根據(jù)句子?I?felt?studying?very?boring，"我感到學習很無聊"，可以確定此處應該填寫study，這和原文的句子意思相同，在動詞不定式符號to的后面用原形．故答案為study． （3）two．考查數(shù)詞．根據(jù)文中的句子There?

31、were?only　two?ways?for?me?to?do?this，"我有兩條路可走"，可以看出，如果作者不上學只有兩個選擇：到玩具廠工作或者結婚．故答案為two． （4）married．考查形容詞．根據(jù)文中的句子?I?chose?the?first?one，"我選擇了第一個"．作者不上學只有兩箱條路可走，一是working?in?the?toy?factory?，另一個是getting?married．"第一個"也就是working?in?the?toy?factory．所以她沒有選擇結婚，應該填寫married．句子的意思是"她沒有選擇結婚"．故答案為married． （5）ag

32、reed．考查動詞．根據(jù)第一段最后的句子?I?thought?he?would?say，"No!?Youare?going?to?college．"?Instead，?he?surprised?me?when?he?said，?"OK．We'll?go?to?the?toy?factory，"我認為他會說……相反，好吧，我們就去玩具工廠"．說明作者的父親同意了她的要求．因此要填寫"同意"，agreed， 和前面的句子在時態(tài)上保持一致，因此也用過去式的形式．故答案agreed． （6）imagined．考查動詞．根據(jù)表格右側內(nèi)容，作者想象當中工廠的"工人在一起工作是很開心的，還有音樂和歌聲"．

33、再結合原文的句子I had jmagined everyone…確定這是作者原來想象的情況，所以這個短語應該是the factory I imagined．I imagined是定語從句，修飾the factory．意思是"我想象中的工廠"．此處填寫imagined，和原文的大部分句子時態(tài)一致，用過去式的形式．故答案為imagined． （7）fun．考查名詞．根據(jù)原文的句子?I?had?imagined?everyone?to?be?friendly working?together?and?having?fun．??"我想象在一起工作，每個人都很友好，而且很開心"．所以應該填名詞fun，

34、"有趣的事情"，have fun doing sth意思是"做某事很開心"．故答案為fun． （8）noise．考查名詞．根據(jù)文中and listeing to the noise，知道這是作者在工廠看到的現(xiàn)象，所以應該填寫不可數(shù)名詞noise，"噪音"．故答案為noise． （9）last．考查副詞．文中說Finally?I?gotinto?a?good?college．??I?enjoyed?studying?English，?so?I?decided?to?major?in?languages?at?college，"最后我上了一所好大學，我喜歡學習英語，所以決定在大學主修語言"．句

35、首的Finally意思是"最后"，相當于at last．因此此題應該填寫last． 故答案為last． （10）proud．考查形容詞．原文說?Andmy?father?takes?pride?in?me，"我的爸爸為我感到自豪"．短語take pride in的意思是"為……感到自豪"，相當于be proud of． 根據(jù)橫線前邊的is和后邊的of確定，這里應該填寫形容詞proud，構成短語be proud of． 故答案為proud． 4. (2019天津) 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子． Friends are an important part of our lives．

36、We spend time with them，have fun together．a(chǎn)nd share our opinions， feelings and even secrets．Life would be boring without friends． Friends influence who we are．help us learn， support（支持）us in good and bad times．a(chǎn)nd care for us even when we are not happy． Often．we have many happy moments wit

37、h our friends．We need someone to share things with to make them more enjoyable．Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling． That is why it is important to spend time making friends and nurturing（維持），a close group of friends． It is important to have a friend to talk to，whet

38、her（不論） it is about a sad or happy subject． In good times， it is wonderful to be able to celebrate with someone．It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience．Friends arc important pillars（中心人物）of support． Friends teach us important lessons．

39、No two persons are the same． As time goes by， we learn to respect one another's differences．This acceptance of others' differences is important as we meet more and more people in our lives， such as new family members，neighbours and new friends． （1）Life　 　without friends． （2）Being

40、lonely for long periods of time　 　． （3）It is important to have a friend to talk to， whether　 ?。? （4）You need someone to support you if　 　． （5）No two persons are the same， so we should　

41、 ?。? 【答案與解析】 本文介紹的是朋友的重要性，以及如何與朋友相處． （1）would be boring．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段最后的句子Life would be boring without friends，"沒有朋友，生活將是很無聊的"，可確定此處要填寫would be boring．故答案為would be boring． （2）is not a great feeling．細節(jié)理解題．第三段最后的句子Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling，意思是"長時間的寂寞不是一種好的感覺

42、"．根據(jù)這個句子判定此處應該填寫is not a great feeling．答案為is not a great feeling． （3）it is about a sad or happy subject．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文中的句子 It is important to have a friend to talk to，whether it is about a sad or happy subject，"有一個朋友去聊天兒是很重要的，不管你談的是難過的還是快樂的話題"．因此應該填寫it is about a sad or happy subject．故答案為it is about a

43、sad or happy subject． （4）you have just had an unpleasant experience．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文中的句子 It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience可以確定此題答案是you have just had an unpleasant experience．這話的意思是"如果你剛剛有一個不愉快的經(jīng)歷，你需要有人來支持你"．故答案為you have just had an unpleasant ex

44、perience． （5）learn to respect one another's differences．細節(jié)理解題．文章說No two persons are the same． As time goes by， we learn to respect one another's differences，"沒有兩個人是相同的．隨著時間的流逝，我們學會尊重別人的差別"，因此看出此處要填寫learn to respect one another's differences．故答案為learn to respect one another's differences． 5. (2019德

45、州) 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子 It is a great thing to help others. First, you can learn new things. Second, it can also make you feel good. How can you do it? Helping through charities (慈善團體) is a good idea. Charities are organizations (組織) that help others. September 5 is the International Day of Cha

46、rity. You can help charities by giving your time, giving money or giving things that you own. ●Volunteering Volunteering is to give time to help others without pay. Some ways of volunteering are: ☆visiting old people to talk to them or help them ☆walking dogs at an animal shelter

47、 (收容所) ☆cleaning up a park 73 ☆helping some children. You can teach the children without life skills how to take care of themselves. ● Fundraising Fundraising is to collect or produce money to a charity to help others. Some ways of fundraising are: ☆making cakes or biscuits to

48、 sell ☆ doing sponsored (有贊助的) activities. For example, families and friends give you money if you finish a long walk. ● Donating Donating is to give your things to a charity to help others. Some ways of donating are: ☆giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick c

49、hildren or poor people ☆giving your old books to a library. So, what can you do to help others? 71. Why is it a great thing to help others? (at least one) ______________________________________________________________ 72. Which day is the International Day of Charity? __________

50、___________________________________________________ 73. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. _____________________________________________________________ 74. Mary makes some money by drawing pictures. She gives the money to a charity. It is a way of ______________. (填寫序號A或B或C)

51、 A. volunteering B. fundraising C. donating 75. Give a proper title to the passage. _____________________________________________________________ 【答案與解析】 本篇講述了幫助他人是一樣對自己有益的事情。同時，介紹了幾種幫助他人的方式。 71. 根據(jù)文章第一段，幫助他人的好處有兩條“First, you can learn new things. Second, it can al

52、so make you feel good.”所以可以回答“Because you can learn new things.”或者“Because it can make you feel good.” 72. 根據(jù)文章第二段“September 5 is the International Day of Charity.”，所以可回答“It is September 5.” 73. 翻譯題，“你可以教沒有生活技能的孩子們?nèi)绾握疹欁约??！? 74. 根據(jù)文章中“Fundraising is to collect or produce money to a charity to help

53、others. ”可知這種方式是通過籌錢或者賺錢的方式把錢給慈善組織來幫助他人，可知選擇B。 75. 根據(jù)文章第一二段可將最佳標題歸納為“How to help others”。 5. （2019重慶A卷） 閱讀下文并回答問題。 In Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, there is a group of people who are busy drawing maps around. They are not workers on geography, but dispatchers(調(diào)度員) on Emergency(急救) Center of the cit

54、y. Since 2007, the dispatchers in the center have been drawing maps of the local areas. “A dispatcher’s job is counted in seconds,” says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center. She has been working in ther center since it started in 2007. “We must answer the phone in 3 seconds, get clear informa

55、tion about the patient in 60 seconds and dispatch(調(diào)度) emergency medical workers in 3 minutes at most. If we save one second, the patient may have a better chance to live.” Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps by hand.

56、 After many years’ hard work, the dispatchers keep every building and street of the city in mind. They even know whether or not a car can enter the gate of a building. Sometimes the caller can’t tell clearly where he is, but it doesn’t matter. As long as he describes the buildings around, the dispat

57、cher can dispatch emergency medical workers to him. “We are trying to be quicker than Death,” says Liang. 65. Is Liang Ruimei a dispatcher in Emergency Center of Jinzhong? 66. When did Emergency Center of Jinzhong start? 67. To be quicker than Death, what do the dispatchers in Emergency Cent

58、er of Jinzhong do? 68. Do you think it necessary for dispatchers to draw maps by hand when they have electronic maps? Why or why not? 【答案與解析】 65. Yes, she is. 解析：由第三段第一句可知答案。 66. In 2007. 解析：由第三段第二句可知答案。 67. They remember every corner of the city through hand-made maps, and dispatch emerg

59、ency medical workers to the right place as soon as possible. 解析：通讀全文可推知，這些調(diào)度員通過手繪地圖來記住城市的每一個角落，以求做到以最快的速度把進行急救的醫(yī)務人員送到正確的地方，爭分奪秒，挽救生命。 68. Yes. Because maps by hand show small facts of the city more correctly and electronic maps may not work sometimes. No. Because electronic maps are easier to use

60、 and can show the latest road situation. 解析：此題為開放性試題。 7.(2019棗莊) 讀下面有關一個學生問題的文章，在每個題目下做簡短的筆記 Dear Mr．Hunt， My problem is that I can't get on with my family． Relations between my parents have become difficult． They fight a lot， and I really don't like it． It's the only communication they have． I

61、 dont know if I should say anything to them about this． When they argue， it's like a big， black cloud hanging over our home． Also，my elder brother is not very nice to me． He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show． Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night． I don't think th

62、is is fair， At home I always feel lonely and nervous． Is that normal？ What can I do？ Sad and Thirteen Dear Sad and Thirteen， It's not easy being your age， and it's nor these feelings． Why don't you talk about these feelings with your family？ If your parents are having problems， you should offer t

63、o help． Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication． Secondly， why don't you sit down and communicate with your brother？ You should explain that you don't mind him watching TV all the time． However，he should let you watch your favorite show， I h

64、ope things will be better for you soon． Mr．Hunt 11. ①The writer's main problem：___ ②The writer's problem about his/her parents：___ 12. ①The writer's problem about his/her brother：___ ②The writer's problem about himself/herself：___ 13. The advice that Mr．Hunt gives about his/ her problem with h

65、is/her brother：___ 14. Please find the sentence in the passage that has the same meaning as"He doesn't always allow me to watch the TV program I like best．"（請在本文中找與劃線句子意思相同的句子）___ 15. The language goals（語言目標） of this passage：___ 【答案與解析】 11. (1). He can't get on with his family． (2). Relat

66、ions between his parents have become difficult．They fight a lot． 12. (1). His elder brother is not very nice to him． (2). Talk about problems and give advice． 13. Sit down and communicate with his brother． 14. He always refuses to let me watcch my favorite TV show． 15. Talk about problems and give advice． 本文是一篇綜合型閱讀，主要介紹了一個男孩寫給Mr. Hunt的一封信，以及Mr. Hunt給他回復的相關建議。 【11題】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文 My problem is that I can't get on with my family，我的問題就是我不能和我的家人相處好．Relations between my pa