2013屆高考英語 二輪語法強化訓練12 虛擬語氣

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1、強化訓練12 虛擬語氣 （時間：15分鐘 分數(shù)：27分） Ⅰ.單項選擇(每題1分，共20分) 1．(2012·北京卷)We ________the difficulty together，but why didn't you tell me? A．should face B．might face C．could have faced D．must have faced 答案　C　[題干的意思是：“我們原本可以一起面對困難的，可是，你為什么不告訴我呢？”由but和didn't可知，此處是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣的主句形式為could/w

2、ould/should/might have done，所以C項正確。A項和B項都是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，可排除；D項表示推測，故排除。] 2．(2012·福建卷)We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we ________ more places of interest yesterday. A．visited B．had visited C．would visit D．would have visited 答案　D　[句意：我們在那個小村莊迷了路，否則我們昨天就能瀏覽更多的名勝了。對于句中的othe

3、rwise“否則，要不然”它引起的虛擬語氣屬于含蓄型，由句中的時間狀語yesterday可知是與過去的事實相反，此時主句用would have done形式。 ] 3．(2012·北京西城期末考試)________ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games，I would be sitting in a comfortable office now. A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be

4、 devoted 答案　B　[考查倒裝及虛擬語氣。此處為省略if的虛擬條件句，因從句表示與過去的事實相反，謂語動詞應使用過去完成時，此題是將had提至句首且省略if，故選B。] 4．(2012·西安一檢)I was busy the other day，otherwise I ________ to help you. A．would have come B．would come C．had come D．came 答案　A　[考查虛擬語氣。句意：前些天我很忙，否則我會來幫助你的。后半句是虛擬語氣，再結合前半句的時態(tài)可知此處是對過去情況的虛擬，所以用“情態(tài)動詞＋hav

5、e done”結構。] 5．(2010·江蘇卷)George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but I'd rather he ________more on its culture. A．focus B．focused C．would focus D．had focused 答案　B　[考查虛擬語氣。would rather后的賓語從句的謂語動詞用過去式，表示對現(xiàn)在或將來事實的虛擬。] 6．But for the help of my English teacher，I _______

6、_the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A．would not win B．would not have won C．would win D．would have won 答案　B　[考查虛擬語氣。句中But for一詞給出了暗示：沒有英語老師的幫助，自己不會在英語寫作競賽中獲獎是對過去的虛擬，謂語用情態(tài)動詞＋have done結構，而D項邏輯錯誤。] 7．(2012·長沙一模)—Andrew has flew to Paris. —Oh，how I wish he ________to my b

7、irthday party tonight. A．came B．should come C．could come D．would have come 答案　C　[考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)語境可知，Andrew已經去了巴黎，今晚不可能參加說話人的生日聚會了，故這里是對發(fā)生在將來情況的虛擬。wish后的賓語從句，若表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語用would/might/could＋動詞原形，故選C。] 8．(2012·溫州二模)Look at the trouble we're in.If only we ________our teacher's advice! A．

8、took B．would take C．would have taken D．had taken 答案　D　[考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)句意可知我們已經陷入了困境，老師提建議是發(fā)生在過去，因此本題的虛擬語氣是與過去的事實相反，故選擇had taken。if only表示“要是……就好了”。] 9．(2012·寧夏聯(lián)考)The story is so descriptive—I feel as if I ________there. A．would be B．were C．am D．have been 答案　B　[考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)語意“這個

9、故事如此生動，我感覺好像身臨其境一樣”可知，空處是對現(xiàn)在事實的虛擬，故謂語動詞用were，答案選B項。] 10．(2012·杭高月考)—Want to ride on the roller coaster? —No way！I ________on the roller coaster even if you paid me a million dollars! A．wouldn't ride B．would have ridden C．would ride D．wouldn't have ridden 答案　A　[考查虛擬語氣。與現(xiàn)實相反的假設，even if從句

10、中要用過去時，主句中用would＋動詞原形，因此在A、C中選結合語意“給我一百萬美元，我也不坐過山車”可知要用否定形式，故選A。] 11．(2012·重慶市七區(qū)聯(lián)考)________he driven more carefully，the accident would not have happened the other day. A．Be B．Had C．Has D．Would have 答案　B　[考查虛擬語氣由the other day可知，這里是對過去的虛擬if從句中要用過去完成時態(tài)，而當if被省略時，該從句中的had要置于句首構成倒裝。] 1

11、2．(2012·遼寧丹東四校聯(lián)考)________，it would be silly to argue any longer. A．Was that true B．If that was true C．Should that be true D．Could that be true 答案　C　[考查虛擬語氣的用法?？瞻滋帪閷聿淮_定的虛擬的if從句，謂語動詞應用過去式/should＋v./were to ＋v.，結合各選項可知，省掉if后should提前構成倒裝。] 13．—He looks hot and dry. —So ________you if you h

12、ad a temperature of 40℃. A．may B．would C．must D．should 答案　B　[答語用了倒裝句式，相當于“You would look hot and dry too if you had a temperature of 40℃.”。同時，由had可知是對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，主句應用would＋動詞原形。] 14．There is a possibility that these hens could be frightened and lay fewer eggs ________a sudden loud noise. A．

13、would there be B．should there be C．there was D．there having been 答案　B　[根據(jù)語意，原句應為．..if there should be a sudden loud noise，if虛擬條件句中有should時，可以把if省略，should提前，構成倒裝結構，據(jù)此選B項。] 15．Ten minutes earlier，they ________the plane. A．will catch B．would catch C．would have caught D．will ha

14、ve caught 答案　C　[Ten minutes earlier相當于虛擬條件句If they had left ten minutes earlier，是對過去情況的相反假設，因此空格處用would have done結構，表示與過去事實相反。] 16．—Could you tell me how to do this exercise? —Well，if you ________to the teacher carefully yesterday，you ________how to do it now. A．had listened；would know B．list

15、ened；would have known C．would listen；know D．has listened；knew 答案　A　[句意：——告訴我怎么做這道練習題，好嗎？——如果你昨天認真聽講，現(xiàn)在你就知道怎么做了。根據(jù)語境，答語要用虛擬語氣，注意該if條件從句表示與過去事實相反，而主句則表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反。故選A項。] 17．He ________ice cream on the beach if his father______last year，leaving nothing but debts. A．were to be selling；should die B．

16、would be sellling；had not died C．would not be selling；had not died D．would not be selling；had died 答案　C　[句意：如果不是他父親去年去世了，只是留下了債務的話，他現(xiàn)在就不用在海灘上賣冰激凌了。這個句子使用了混合虛擬語氣，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，故謂語用“情態(tài)動詞＋v.”的形式，這里強調正在進行，故用其進行時態(tài)；從句表示與過去事實相反，故謂語用“had＋過去分詞”的形式，因此選C項。] 18．But for the snow，we ________in Beijing earlier.

17、 A．will arrive B．would arrive C．could arrive D．should have arrived 答案　D　[but for表示對過去的含蓄虛擬，句子的謂語應用“情態(tài)動詞＋have done”結構。] 19．Had you listened to me，you ________in trouble now. A．are not B．were not C．would not be D．would not have been 答案　C　[由從句時態(tài)可知從句表示與過去事實相反的假設，由now可知，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實

18、相反的假設，因此，主句謂語動詞應該用“would/should/could/might＋動詞原形”。句意：你要是早聽我的話，現(xiàn)在你就不會遇到這么大的麻煩了。] 20．I'd rather ________rudely to her yesterday. A．you not speak B．you not speaking C．you didn't speak D．you hadn't spoken 答案　D　[would rather后跟從句，表示主語“寧愿……”，這時，從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在情況相反要用過去時，與過去情況相反要用過去完成時。由語意“我真希

19、望昨天你對她講話沒有那么粗魯”可知應用過去完成時。] Ⅱ.試說新語(每題1分，共7分) 21．get down(熟義：寫出；下來，使下來) All this waiting and delay is really getting her down. ________ 22．given(＝considering)(熟義：prep.被給予) Given the general state of his health，it may take him a while to recover from the operation. ________ 23．gl

20、are(熟義：v.怒目而視) The sun glared out of the blue sky. ________ 24．as good as(熟義：與……一樣好) He as good as said I was a liar. ________ 25．govern(熟義：v.管理；控制) The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods. ________ 26．grade(熟義：n.年級) He got excellent grades in exams. ________ Eggs are graded from small to extra-large. ________ 27．green(熟義：adj.綠色的，青的) Greens are vital to our health. ________ 答案　21.使情緒低落；身體虛弱　22.prep.考慮到　23.v.發(fā)出刺眼的光　24.差不 多，幾乎　25.vt.影響；支配　26.n.等級，分數(shù)；v.分等級；給分數(shù)　27.n.(pl.)綠 色蔬菜