2019中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法突破四 介詞考點(diǎn)剖析（講義五四制）.doc

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五四語(yǔ)法四 介詞 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)剖析 考點(diǎn)一 時(shí)間介詞) 1．in, at, on in后接時(shí)間段，即在較長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)；at后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，即鐘點(diǎn)、(做某事的)時(shí)刻等；on后接特定的日子、具體的日期、星期幾、節(jié)日。 ★巧記時(shí)間介詞in, on, at用法 年月周前要用in，具體日子要用on。 at用在時(shí)刻前，亦與正午、午夜連。 黎明終止和開(kāi)端，at與之緊相伴。 今明昨天前后天，上下這那每之前， at, in, on都不填，此乃習(xí)慣記心間。 2．during, in during和in都表示一段時(shí)間。 但during更加強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性，可以表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)自始至終的狀態(tài)。 I went to the post office during the meal.吃飯時(shí)我去了郵局。 3．for, since for和since表示的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都有延續(xù)之意，“for＋時(shí)間段”表示“延續(xù)多久”，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子可用過(guò)去時(shí)、完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)；since后接表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的短語(yǔ)，意為“自從(過(guò)去某時(shí))以來(lái)”，說(shuō)明自過(guò)去某時(shí)延續(xù)至今的一段時(shí)間，常與完成時(shí)連用。 She has studied English for ten years.她學(xué)英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)有10年了。 The factory has been here since the 1970s.這家工廠(chǎng)從20世紀(jì)70年代起就在這里了。 4．in, after in和after后都可以接時(shí)間段，表示“……(時(shí)間)之后”，in用于將來(lái)時(shí)，after用于過(guò)去時(shí)。 Ill come in an hour.我一小時(shí)后回來(lái)。 He got back after 10 years.十年后他回來(lái)了。 5．by, before by表示“截止至……；到……為止”，包括其后的時(shí)間；before則表示“在某時(shí)之前”，不包括其后的時(shí)間。 You should get your homework by Friday.你應(yīng)該最遲于星期五把作業(yè)準(zhǔn)備好。(包含星期五) Can you come and meet me before Friday？你能在星期五之前來(lái)見(jiàn)我嗎？(不包含星期五) 單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(xx山東臨沂中考)Did you read your favorite books April 23? It was World Book Day. A．for B．a(chǎn)t C．on D．in 2．(xx江蘇宿遷中考)The Dragon Boat Festival falls May or June every year. A．in B．on C．a(chǎn)t D．between 3．(xx浙江溫州中考)Ive ordered some flowers for grandma and they will arrive two hours. A．in B．a(chǎn)fter C．over D．for 4．(xx四川涼山中考)Our classes are over noon and then we go to have a rest 1：00 in the afternoon. A．a(chǎn)t; at B．in; in C．in; at D．a(chǎn)t; in 考點(diǎn)二 方位介詞 1．in, at, on表地點(diǎn) 2．in, on, to表方位 　說(shuō)明： B is in the east of A. C is on the east of A. D is to the east of A. 3．a(chǎn)cross, through, past 4．表示“上”的介詞 5．表示“下”的介詞 6．表示“前”的介詞 7.between/among 單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(xx甘肅白銀中考)The earth goes the sun. A．a(chǎn)round B．through C．between D．a(chǎn)cross 2．(xx天津中考)In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy. A．beside B．a(chǎn)mong C．up D．through 考點(diǎn)三 表示交通方式、手段或工具的介詞 1．by, in, on表示交通方式 by bike＝on a/the/ones bike 2. 單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(xx山東濰坊中考)Students here often do physics experiments small groups. A．by B．in C．for D．a(chǎn)t 2．(xx山東青島中考)More and more people in Qingdao go to work subway now. A．with B．on C．in D．by 考點(diǎn)四 其他常考介詞 1．without“沒(méi)有”，后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。 She just left without saying a word.她一句話(huà)沒(méi)說(shuō)就走了。 2．including“包含；包括”。 The price is $100, including your meals.價(jià)錢(qián)是100美元，包括你的飯錢(qián)。 3．with“和；具有，帶有；用；以；由于”，常表示伴隨。 She came back with a letter in her hand.她手里拿著一封信回來(lái)了。 4．a(chǎn)gainst“反對(duì)；靠著，倚著”，反義詞for“贊成；支持”。 There is a ladder against the wall.有架梯子靠在墻上。 5．except, except for, but與besides。 ①except表示“除……之外(不再有)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)不被包括在內(nèi)。 The office is open every day except Sundays.辦事處除了星期天以外天天開(kāi)門(mén)。 ②except for“除……之外”，指排除不同類(lèi)的事物。 I had nothing on except for my trousers.除了褲子我什么都沒(méi)穿。 ③but與except同義，表示“除了”，常用于no one, nobody, all等代詞后。 Theres no one but me.這里除了我沒(méi)有別人。 ④besides表示“除……之外還有”。 What languages do you know besides Chinese and English？除了漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)以外你還懂什么語(yǔ)言？ 單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(xx山東萊蕪中考)—Would you like something to drink, Mom? —Yes, Id like a cup of coffee nothing in it. A．with B．without C．for D．to 2．(xx江蘇鹽城中考)President Xi said that people in the world should build a community a shared future. A．to B．a(chǎn)t C．with D．from 3．(xx吉林中考改編)—Do you agree my plan? —Yes, it is wonderful. A．in B．with C．of D．a(chǎn)gainst 4．(xx江蘇無(wú)錫中考) Lets put the piano over there, the wall. A．a(chǎn)bove B．a(chǎn)gainst C．a(chǎn)cross D．a(chǎn)round 考點(diǎn)五 常用固定搭配 What/How about ...? ……怎么樣？ with the help of ...在……的幫助下 from ... to ... 從……到…… get to到達(dá) on duty值日；值班 (一)單項(xiàng)選擇 (xx湖北武漢中考)—What are you doing? —Im looking the kids. They should be back for lunch now. A．a(chǎn)fter B．a(chǎn)t C．for D．up (二)用適當(dāng)介詞填空 (xx山東泰安中考改編)In todays world, sleep experts often say that for a better nights rest, Americans should turn their smart phones or iPads before sleeping. 參考答案 考點(diǎn)一 1～4 CAAA 考點(diǎn)二 1～2 AA 考點(diǎn)三 1～3 BD 考點(diǎn)四 1～4 ACBB 考點(diǎn)五 (一)C (二)off