高三英語復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句講解和練習(xí)[中學(xué)教育].doc

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狀語從句講解和練習(xí) 狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。通常由副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞和從句等擔(dān)當(dāng)。例如： 1.Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副詞) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介詞狀短語) 3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (過去分詞) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因狀語從句） 狀語的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作狀語修飾形容詞和副詞時必須后置。 狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為九大類，分別表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類較多，但由于狀語從句與漢語結(jié)構(gòu)和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語從句的常用連接詞 和特殊的連接詞即考點?，F(xiàn)分別列舉如下: 1． 時間狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard(果園) the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2． 地點狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：where 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3． 原因狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：because, since, as, since 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference. The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable. 4． 目的狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, in order that 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. 5． 結(jié)果狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：so … that, so… that, such … that, 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus. It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it. To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night. 6． 條件狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless, 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that We’ll start our project if the president agrees. You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying. Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 7． 讓步狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：though, although, even if, even though 特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal. 盡管我很尊敬他， 我卻不同意他的建議。 The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind. He won’t listen whatever you may say. 8． 比較狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級比較), than(不同程度的比較) 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，猶如油之于機器。 9． 方式狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if, how 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the way When in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved as if she were the boss. Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us. 10. 狀語從句的簡化 ?狀語從句的省略 狀語從句同時具備下列兩個條件:①主句和從句的主語一 致，或從句主語為it；②從句主要動詞是be的某種形式。從句中的主語和be動詞?？墒÷?。例如： When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible. 另外，比較狀語從句經(jīng)常省略。例如： I’m taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 就狀語從句而言,有時為了使語言言簡意賅,常常將狀語從句進行"簡化"。狀語從句的"簡化"現(xiàn)象在口語中較為普遍,而且在高考中的復(fù)現(xiàn)率也較高。因此,有必要對其進行全面、透徹的了解。 狀語從句的"簡化"現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中:①由if, unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;②由although, though, even if / though等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句;④由as, as if等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句;⑤由as, than等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。下面針對這五種情形作一歸納。 (1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語是it,且謂語動詞是be時,it和be要完全簡化掉。例如: If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的話,他會幫你擺脫困境。 You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情況對你來說不方便,否則你必須出席這次會議。 (2)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時,從句可以將主語和be動詞簡化掉。常用于以下幾種情形: a.連詞+形容詞 As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小時候就學(xué)會了騎自行車。 Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。 Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret.少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲。 b.連詞+名詞 While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提時代就樂于助人。 Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.盡管他曾是個農(nóng)民,而現(xiàn)在是位著名的導(dǎo)演了。 c.連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。 Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.盡管近來他一直在學(xué)數(shù)學(xué),但他仍然沒有取得好成績。 d.連詞+過去分詞 He wont go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀請,否則他不會和我們一道去那里。 The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.這場音樂會出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。 e.連詞+不定式 He stood up as if (he were) to say something.當(dāng)時他站起來好像要說什么。He wouldnt solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他來負責(zé),他也解決不了這個問題。f. 連詞+介詞短語 She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻煩。 He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA.他到美國之前就懂英語了。 注意:當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語不一致時,從句部分要么用完全形式,要么用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來表達。例如: When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.當(dāng)會議結(jié)束時,人們都走出了會議室。(=The meeting over, 鞏固練習(xí) 1. John shut everybody out of the kitchen ______he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which　　　 B. when　　　 C. so that　　 D. as if 2. I would appreciate it ________you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment. A. until B. if C. when D. that 3. As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，________. A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life 4.After the war，a new school building was put up ________there had once been a theatre. A. that B. where C. which D. when 5. —Is Mr. Sm ith in the office? —Yes，________ he is in charge of the office，he must be there. A. since B. however C. whether D. for 6. As your good friend, I will do ________help you. A. that I can to B. what I can to C. all that I can D. what I can 7.John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ________he phones. A. as long as B. in order to C. in case D. so that 8.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ________I could answer the phone. A. as B. since C. until D. before 9. —Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages. —Oh, yes. ________others are weak, he is strong. A. If B. When C. Where D. Though 10.It is ten years ________he smoked. A. that B. when C. since D. while 11.We must hurry up ________catch up with the last train. A. that B. so that to C. in order that D. in order to 12.No matter ________hard it may be，I will carry it out. A. what B. whatever C. how D. however 13.________ you may do，you must do it well. A. Which B. Whenever C. Whatever D. When 14. —Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday? —No. But if I ________the time，I would definitely go. A. have B. had C. have had D. would have 15.________ you are so weak，you’d better stay at home. A. Since B. For C. Because D. Though 16.English and French are taught here. You can choose ________you like. A. no matter which B. whichever C. which D. whatever 17.I saw Mr. Smith last Sunday. We had not seen each other ________I left London. A. as B. before C. since D. till 18.I’ll be back before you ________. A. will leave B. will have left C. leave D. would leave 19.The problem won’t be settled until we ________a chance to discuss it thoroughly. A. have had B. will have C. will have had D. would have 20.If you ________this experiment，you will understand the theory better. A. will be doing B. have done C. will have done D. would do 21.They went on working ________it was late at night. A. even if B. as if C. however D. as though 22.I hurried ________I wouldn’t be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 23.The volleyball match will be put off if it ________. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining 24.________ you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others. A. At times B. Some time C. By the time D. Every time 25.Although he is considered a great writer，________. A. however his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read 26.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ________. A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrives D. is arriving 27.We should finish the important job，________. A. long it takes howeverB. it takes however long C. long however it takes D. however long it takes 28.________he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 29.________comes to the party will receive a gift. A. Which B. Who C. Which one D. Whoever 30.She is willing to help you, ________busy she is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever 31.I don’t care whether he stays ________goes. A. nor B. then C. or D. otherwise 32.No matter ________hard it may be，I’ll carry it out. A. what B. whatever C. how D. however 33.Why do you want to find a new job ________you’ve got such a good one already? A. that B. where C. which D. when 34.________he is, he will be thinking of you. A. Wherever B. Where C. Now that D. As soon as 35.You should make it a rule to leave things ________you can find them again. A. when B. where C. then D. there 36.He got excited at the news，________ I was calm. A. when B. while C. because D. after 37.—Shall Brown come and play computer games? —No，________ he has finished his homework. A. when B. if C. unless D. once 38.________ you try，you will never succeed. A. If B. Until C. SinceD. Unless 39.Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong ________she rang me up. A. when B. than C. that D. and 40.________ they heard the shout for help，they rushed out. A. Immediately B. The moment C. The while D. All the above 41.________，he never seems able to do the work beautifully. A. Try as he does B. as he tries C. Try as does he D. As he does try 42.—The air is full of smoke and people are coughing. —It will get worse ________the government does something about the pollution. A. but B. unless C. except D. if 43.If ________，I would have gone with him. A. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me 44.—Alice is moving to her new apartment next Saturday. —I’ll be glad to help her，________ need some help. A. should she B. if she will C. if she D. if she might 45.I came ________I heard the news. A. until B. as soon as C. immediately D.B and C 46.What we have seen________. A. from what we heard B. all what we heard C. to what we have heard D. from what we have heard 47.We will never give in ________they might do or say about our plan. A. no matter how B. how C. whatever D. although 48.If you go to Xi’an，you will find the places there more magnificent than commonly ________. A. supposing B. supposed C. to suppose D. suppose 49.________ he comes，we would not be able to go. A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even 50.It’s no wonder you’ve got a headache ________you drank so much last night. A. though B. in case C. when D. while 51.Iwonder if I________ time. If I ________time，I’ll go with you. A. have；have B. will have；will have C. have；will have D. will have；have 52.By the time you _______back，the supper ________ready. A. will get；will be B. get；was C. get；will be D. will get；is 53.Telephone me as soon as you ________the results. A. will get B. get C. had got D. got 54.________ I live，I will never give in to the enemy. A. As far as B. As long as C. As well as D. As soon as 55.I really wonder________ he has posted me many packages ________he worked together. A. how；after B. why；when C. when；before D. why；since 56.Please pronounce the word ________I did. A. by the way B. the way C. the moment D. like 57.I was about to leave my house ________the phone rang. A. while B. when C. as D. after 58.I had cut the meat into pieces ________Mother started cooking. A. when B. as soon as C. after D. while 59.You should visit the part of the country when ________. A. spring will come B. it will be spring C. it is spring D. it is coning spring 60.I don’t like to be interrupted if I ________. A. speaks B. will speak C. am speaking D. would be speaking 1~5 CBBBA 6~10 BCDCC 11~15 DCCBA 16~20 BCCAB 21~25 ABBDC 26~30 CDADC 31~35 CCDAB 36~40 BCDAD 41~45 ABBAD 46~50 DCBBC 51~55 DCBBD 56~60 BBACC 【解析】 1.so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。 2.if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。 3.本句是the more… the more…句型，第二個比較級修飾形容詞equipped。 4.where引導(dǎo)表示地點的狀語從句。 5.since在這里引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。 7.in case以防萬一。 19.主句為將來時態(tài)時，狀語從句一般用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，但如果強調(diào)狀語從句的動作先完成，可用完成時。 24.此處的every time當(dāng)連詞使用。 37.這是對話省略，引出一個條件“除非他先完成作業(yè)”。 38.本句意為“除非你努力，(否則)你決不可能獲得成功”。 43.本句的條件狀語從句是虛擬語氣。 50.when在本句中相當(dāng)于since，seeing that，considering that，“既然；鑒于”。 56.“請按我的方法來發(fā)這個單詞的音”