HSE管理體系HSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM中英對照

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1、 HSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM HSE管理體系 目 錄 Table of Contents 1.0 緒論 FOREWORD 1.1 概述 Summary 1.2 項目描述 Description of the Project 1.3 適用范圍 Applicable Scope 2.0 定義和縮寫 DEFINITIONS and ACRONYMS 3.0 領導和承諾 LEADERSHIP AND COMMITMENT 3.1 承諾 Commitment 3.2 現(xiàn)場指導思想 Site Philosophy 4.0 政策和目標

2、POLICY AND OBJECTIVES 4.1 政策 Policy 4.2 目標 Target 5.0 HSE組織機構 HSE ORGANIZATION 6.0 責任、資源、能力及標準 RESPONSIBILITIES, RESOURCES, COMPETENCY AND STANDARDS 6.1 人員職責 Responsibilities 6.2 標準 Standards 7.0 執(zhí)行和通訊 IMPLEMENTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS 7.1 語言 Language 7.2 交流手段 Communication Meth

3、ods 7.3 記錄和報告 Records and Reports 8.0 風險管理 RISK MANAGEMENT 8.1 一般風險鑒定和評估General Risk Identification and Evaluation 8.2 危險及結果管理程序 Hazard and Effects Management Process (HEMP) 8.3 安全任務分析和降低風險討論(STARRT) Safety Task Analysis Risk Reduction Talk (STARRT) 8.4 工作安全分析（JSA） Job Safety Analysi

4、s (JSA) 8.5 工作危險分析(JHA) Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) 8.6 旅行管理 Journey Management 8.7 項目工程施工前的HSE準備活動 HSE preparation before construction of project 8.8 工作許可證 Permit To Work (PTW) 9.0 教育/培訓 TRAINING / EDUCATION 9.1 HSE培訓計劃 HSE Training Plan 9.2 HSE指導 HSE Orientation 9.3 連續(xù)進行的HSE培訓 Ongoi

5、ng HSE Training 9.4 來訪者 Visitors 9.5 規(guī)則 Rules 10.0 施工前的HSE計劃 PRE-CONSTRUCTION HSE PLANNING 10.1 現(xiàn)場活動的HSE管理計劃 HSE Management Plans for Field Activities 10.2 臨時設施 Temporary Facilities 11.0 投料試車 COMMISSIONING 12.0 健康 HEALTH 12.1 職業(yè)健康 Occupational Health 12.2 健康衛(wèi)生 General health 12.3

6、 有害健康物質的控制 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health 13.0 醫(yī)療和應急服務及疏散 MEDICAL AND EMERGENCY SERVICES & EVACUATION 13.1 醫(yī)療服務和醫(yī)療支援/運輸 Medical Services and Medical Support/Transport 13.2 緊急響應和緊急疏散 Emergency response and Emergency Evacuation 14.0 安全 SAFETY 14.1 概述 General 14.2 個人勞保用品和著裝 Pe

7、rsonal protective equipment (PPE) and clothing 14.3 墜落防護 Fall prevention and protection 14.4 腳手架 Scaffolding 14.5 圍護 Barricading 14.6 開挖和開溝 Excavations & Trenching 14.7 容器和受限空間 Vessels and Confined Spaces 14.8 閉鎖/掛牌程序（LOTO） Lock out / Tag out Procedure (LOTO) 14.9 移動梯子--控制和檢驗 Port

8、able Ladders - Control & Inspection 14.10 吊車和材料裝卸 Cranes & Material Handling 14.11 懸吊工作平臺 Suspended Personnel Platforms 14.12 曲臂工作平臺 Articulating Boom Platforms 14.13 壓縮氣瓶 Compressed Gas Cylinders 14.14 電氣設備檢驗 Electrical Equipment Inspection (ELCB or GFCI) 14.15 明線和地下輔助電氣安裝 Exposin

9、g and Supporting Underground Electrical Installations 14.16 車輛操作 Vehicle Operations 14.17 無損探傷 Non-destructive testing 14.18 HSE監(jiān)護（安全、動火和受限空間） HSE (Safety, Fire and Confined space) Watches 14.19 夜間作業(yè) Night work 14.20 防護罩 Guarding 14.21 工作許可證 Permit To Work 14.22 工具和設備的維護 Maintenanc

10、e of tools and equipment 14.23 機械隔離 Mechanical isolations 14.24 辦公室HSE Office HSE 15.0 火災防護 FIRE PREVENTION AND PROTECTION 16.0 環(huán)保工程 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 16.1 環(huán)境控制 Environmental control 16.2 廢料管理 Waste management 17.0 表現(xiàn)監(jiān)控 MONITORING PERFORMANCE 17.1 檢查 Inspections 17.2 安

11、全行為 Behaviour based safety 17.3 職工行為結果管理 Employee consequence management 17.4 表現(xiàn)審查 Performance Review 18.0 審計和評估 AUDITS AND ASSESSMENTS 19.0 記錄和報告 RECORDS AND REPORTS 19.1 事件的分類、通知和匯報 Classification, notification and reporting of incidents 19.2 HSE行動計劃 HSE Action Plan 20.0 附件 ATTAC

12、HMENTS 20.1 中華人民共和國健康和安全標準 PRC Health and Safety Standards 20.2 CCC項目部執(zhí)行程序清單Procedure Impletion List of CCC project team 1.0 緒論 Foreword 1.1 概述 Summary CCC通過公開的投標活動，已獲得中標通知書，將作為XXX工程的采購設計施工總承包商參與工程建設，計劃工期由2003年8月18日至2005年2月18日。 Through open bid activity, CCC has been awarded the contract

13、 and will take part in the construction of the project as the EPC contractor of XXX. The planned construction period is from Aug. 18, 2003 to Feb. 18, 2005. 1.2 項目描述 Description of the project 通過公開招投標，CCC獲得了合同號為XX的工程項目，為XXX總承包，合同范圍是完成對分布在6個作業(yè)面的中間體及產(chǎn)品罐區(qū)的基礎、罐體及其附件的EPC服務，總罐容為28.5萬立方米，總罐數(shù)為63個。 CCC

14、is rewarded a project which contract number XX by public invitation to bid, and act as a EPC contractor of intermediate and product tanks of XXX. The scope of contract is to complete the EPC services of foundation, tank body and assessories of intermediate and product tanks that distributed in six w

15、orking areas. Total volumn is 285 thousands metric meter and total number of tanks isXX. 1.3 適用范圍 Applicable Scope 本HSE-MS規(guī)定了在項目的設計、采購和現(xiàn)場施工等方面須嚴格遵守的健康、安全、環(huán)境的程序要求。 The HSE-MS stipulates the procedure requirements for health, safety & environment which must be strictly conformed during project en

16、gineering, procurement and construction. 2.0 定義和縮寫 DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS AA AA PMC XX CCC CCC ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practicable合理適用盡量低 DD DD EP Engineering Procurement 設計采購 EPC Engineering Procurement Construction 設計采購施工 ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan 環(huán)境和

17、社會管理計劃 HAZID HAZard Identification危險辨識 HAZOP HAZard and OPerability Study 危險和可操作性研究 HEMP Hazards and Effects Management Process危害和影響管理程序 HSE Health, Safety and Environment健康、安全和環(huán)境 PMC Project Management Contractor項目管理承包商 PRC Peoples Republic of China中華人民共和國 EMS Environmental Management

18、 System環(huán)境管理制度 3.0 領導和承諾 LEADERSHIP AND COMMITMENT 3.1 承諾 Commitment CCCXX工程項目部管理層承諾采取在健康、安全、環(huán)境問題上決不妥協(xié)的方式對工程項目進行籌劃、設計、采購和施工。 Management Level of CCC takes uncompromising measures on the matters of health, safety and environment during engineering, procurement and construction. CCCXX工程項目部

19、管理層將提供資源以培養(yǎng)只信奉和接受最佳HSE行為的項目文化。這將包括： Management level of CCC will provide resource to cultivate project culture that only believes and accepts the best HSE behavior. It covers: n 在項目之初制定、簽署、發(fā)布和強調(diào)項目HSE政策； Draw up, sign, issue and stress HSE policy at the beginning of the project. n 從個人和公司的角度身體力行

20、起到領導的表率作用，完全兌現(xiàn)在健康、安全和環(huán)境各個方面的承諾； Personally act as a pioneer from individual and the company ‘s aspect, and completely perform the commitment for health, safety and environment. n 通過實施建立在行為基礎上的HSE計劃、HSE領導會議和HSE領導層行為審查來統(tǒng)一HSE責任； Unify HSE responsibility by carrying out HSE plan based on behavior, b

21、y carrying out examination on HSE leader conference and the behavior of HSE management level. n 通過范例和指示，批準并確保把HSE考慮因素納入所有項目決定的過程； Approve and assure to bring HSE factors into the decision process of all project by following examples and instruction. n 從設計階段到施工完成，在每一次工作活動中把HSE表現(xiàn)作為一個評價內(nèi)容來看待； Vie

22、w HSE as an appraisal content each time performing the work from engineering to the completion of construction. n 確保程序正常運行，積極地提前鑒別和消除任何潛在的安全或環(huán)境不良方法習慣； Make sure the smooth operation of whole program, actively distinguish and eliminate any potentially improper habit in safety and environment in ad

23、vance. n 確保各級管理層的決定與規(guī)定的政策一致而且戰(zhàn)略目標行之有效； Assure that the decision of all management level is consistent with the stipulation of policy and assure that our strategy is effective. n 給HSE計劃分配適當?shù)馁Y金和資源使之實現(xiàn)既定的各種目標； Allocate appropriate capital and resource to HSE plan so as to fulfill various establis

24、hed target. n 在日常工作活動中以身作則，樹立起一個HSE卓越表現(xiàn)的榜樣； Practice what we preached in daily work and set an excellent HSE example. n 在整個項目中對HSE卓越表現(xiàn)進行積極肯定； Actively confirm HSE excellent behavior during performing the whole project. n 親自進行HSE審查并通過的交流向所有職工提供審查結果； Personally carry HSE examination and pro

25、vide examination results to all staff through communication. n 在所有管理層和職工中慢慢培養(yǎng)一種信念，在HSE管理系統(tǒng)中，每一個工作者都有機會和義務為實現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)略目標做出他/她的貢獻。 Gradually train all management staff and employee the belief that every one has the opportunity and obligation to make his/her contribution to the realization of our strategy

26、during implementing HSE management system. 3.2 現(xiàn)場指導思想 Site Philosophy CCC致力于所有事故均可避免這一理念，因此項目部承諾要通過不斷的改進方法達到并保持“零事故”的目標。 CCC try to make all accidents avoid this philosophy, so project team promises to achieve and keep the “zero accident” goals by continuous improvement. 4.0 政策和目標 POLICY A

27、ND OBJECTIVES 4.1 政策 Policy 本項目中HSE政策是對下列內(nèi)容的一種承諾： The HSE policy for the project is a commitment to: n 不傷害人員； Pursue the goal of no harm to people; n 保護環(huán)境； Protect the environment; n 建設工廠和提供服務時有效地使用材料和能源； Use material and energy efficiently to construct the plant and provide services

28、; n 按照這些目標提供能源、產(chǎn)品和服務； Provide energy resources, products, and services consistent with these aims; n 以適當?shù)男问较蚬姲l(fā)布CCC項目部的HSE表現(xiàn)； Report on HSE performance of CCC project team in suitable form for public release; n 在我們行業(yè)中，帶頭提高HSE業(yè)績； Play a leading role in promoting best practice in our indust

29、ry; n 如同管理任何重大商業(yè)活動一樣管理HSE事務； Manage HSE matters as any other critical business activity; n 用一個完整的管理體系建立各級HSE管理責任；并 Use an integrated management system to make HSE a responsibility of line management; and n 創(chuàng)立一種文化氛圍使所有項目職工共同承擔這個義務。 Promote a culture in which all project employees share this

30、 commitment. 4.2 目標Target 本項目的HSE目標是將安全、健康和環(huán)境管理落實到工程項目的施工作業(yè)活動中，遵守PMC的政策目標，追求最大限度的不發(fā)生事故、不損害人身健康、不破壞環(huán)境。 The target of this project is to finalize our safety, health and environment management in construction project, to strictly follow PMC’s policy target to maximally avoid accidents, body injur

31、y and contamination of environment. n 宣傳和積極追求零事故目標； Publicize and actively pursue zero accident target; n 努力消除一切職業(yè)傷害和疾病； Do our best to eliminate all occupational hazards and employment diseases; n 在設計、計劃、培訓和工程施工過程中按常量來提高HSE目標； Improve HSE target according to constant quantity during engineeri

32、ng, plan, training and construction. n 提高員工的HSE意識，并使之自覺加入到HSE計劃的執(zhí)行過程中來；Improve employees’ HSE ideas and let them actively implement HSE plan. n 增強員工在其日常工作活動中始終使用安全的方法與工作習慣； Train employees to use safety methods and habit in their daily works all the time. n 優(yōu)先選用不斷改進的方法作為零事故起步的基礎，努力做到“五無”，即無死

33、亡、無重傷、無中毒、無火災、無坍塌。 Give priority to those continuous improvement method as the basis of zero accident and try best to fulfill target of “five no”, namely no death, no serious injuries, no poisoning cases, no fire disasters and no collapses. 5.0 HSE組織機構 HSE ORGANIZATION HSE隊伍組織機構設置如下圖5.1，通過它

34、CCC項目部將執(zhí)行項目的HSE管理制度，它負責整個項目范圍的所有HSE計劃制定及管理。HSE是一種貫穿所有部門的綜合性責任，HSE隊伍負責制定通過線式管理來執(zhí)行的原則，并逐級下傳，HSE隊伍還負責監(jiān)控執(zhí)行的情況。 Organization chart of HSE team is shown as following figures 5.1, through which CCC project team will implement HSE management system, HSE team will be responsible for all HSE plan and managem

35、ent of the whole project. HSE is a kind of comprehensive responsibility that runs through all departments. HSE team will be responsible for developing the principle of implementation by line style management and pass down level by level. HSE team also is responsible for supervising implementaion.

36、 圖5.1 HSE組織架構圖 Figures5.1 Organization Chart of HSE 圖5.1 HSE組織架構圖 Figures5.1 Organization Chart of HSE 6.0 責任、資源、能力及標準 RESPONSIBILITIES, RESOURCES, COMPETENCY AND STANDARDS 6.1 人員職責 Responsibilities 6.1.1 項目經(jīng)理 Project Manager n 是本工程項目HSE工作第一責任人，對本工程項目HSE工作全面負責； Who is the princip

37、al of HSE and be fully responsible for the HSE works of the project.; n 負責組織本項目部HSE管理體系實施進行； Be responsible for organizing and performing HSE project management system; n 主持召開本項目部HSE例會，及時解決HSE工作中的問題，并定期參加PMC組織召開的HSE會議； Chair HSE regular meeting of the project, solve the problems arise from the

38、HSE works in time and periodically takes part in the HSE meeting held by PMC; n 積極參與書面形式的崗前計劃活動，參與PMC實施的定期的書面形式的安全、健康與環(huán)境評估； Actively take part in pre-construction written activities, and take part in periodical written evaluation on safety, health and environment held by PMC n 定期對項目部組織HSE監(jiān)督檢查，及時進

39、行隱患治理，不斷改善施工作業(yè)條件； Periodically organize HSE supervising and checking to project group, timely find and solve the hidden troubles and continuously improve construction conditions. n 支持項目安全員及施工管理人員行駛安全監(jiān)督、檢查和督促、檢查工作； Supports the project safety supervisor and construction superintendent in the insp

40、ection and supervision of safe driving, and in the inspection and supervision of work n 組織項目部事故的調(diào)查、分析和處理并及時上報。 Organize to investigate, analyze, handle the accident of project group and report it to supervisor in time. 6.1.2 項目施工經(jīng)理 Construction Manager n 根據(jù)項目安全保證計劃組織有關管理人員制定針對性的安全技術措施，并經(jīng)常督促檢查；

41、 Organizes the relevant superintendents to formulate the pertinent technical measures for safety as specified in the project safety guarantee plan; and conducts the frequent inspection and supervision; n 協(xié)調(diào)HSE運行中的重大問題，組織召開安全生產(chǎn)工作會議； Coordinates the settlement of significant problems in the operatio

42、n of HSE; and organizes and calls the safe production work meeting; n 定期組織管理人員進行安全操作規(guī)程和安全規(guī)章制度的學習； Regularly organizes superintendents to study safe operation rules and safety system regulations; n 實施現(xiàn)場安全管理標準化，確保操作現(xiàn)場工作環(huán)境不影響施工安全； Standardizes the safety management in the work site so as to prevent

43、 the work environment in the operation site from affecting the construction safety; n 組織安全設施的驗收，協(xié)助上級部門對工程項目的安全檢查和督促； Organizes the inspection-acceptance of the safety facilities; and assists the superior organizations in the inspection and supervision of the project safety; 6.1.3 項目HSE經(jīng)理 HSE Man

44、ager n 代表項目經(jīng)理全面負責項目的HSE體系的實施工作，對項目HSE工作負直接的領導責任； Be entirely responsible for implementation of HSE system of the project on behalf of Project Manager and directly take the leading responsibility for project HSE work. n 組織制定項目HSE的目標與計劃，并組織實施； Organize to establish the target and plan of HSE an

45、d to implement; n 組織協(xié)調(diào)項目HSE管理體系的實施，糾正不符合HSE管理體系文件規(guī)定的行為； Organize and coordinate the implementation of HSE management system, and correct the behaviors that are not compliance with the stipulations of HSE management system documents. n 定期參加PMC組織的書面形式的安全、健康和環(huán)境評估，積極參與書面形式的崗前計劃活動； Periodically t

46、ake part in written evaluation on safety, health and environment held by PMC and actively take part in pre-construction written activities, n 定期組織項目HSE檢查，落實事故隱患的整改。 Periodically organize HSE check and perform the corrective measures to hidden troubles 6.1.4 項目HSE管理組 HSE Management Group n 貫徹執(zhí)

47、行國家、地方政府、PMC和公司的有關HSE方針、政策、法律、法規(guī)、標準和規(guī)定； Carry out the relevant HSE guidelines, policies, laws, rules, standards and stipulations established by the State, local government, PMC and the company. n 審定項目部的HSE工作計劃，監(jiān)督檢查HSE管理工作的實施情況； Examine and approve the HSE working plan of project group, check and

48、 supervise the implementation of HSE management works. n 定期召開會議聽取項目部的HSE工作情況報告，研究解決HSE工作中遇到的問題。 Report the HSE works of project group in the meeting held periodically, and solve the problems arise from works. 6.1.5 項目主管人員 Project Management Staff n 支持、促進和參與項目的零事故管理小組； Support, promote and par

49、ticipate zero accidents managing group of the project; n 嚴格監(jiān)督實施本工種的安全操作技術規(guī)范； Conducts the strict supervision of the implementation of the safe operation technical rules as required in the work of this type; n 有權監(jiān)督不符合安全操作的施工任務，除及時制止外，有責任向項目HSE經(jīng)理匯報； Is authorized to conduct the supervision of the

50、construction task in violation of the safe operation regulations; and obligates to report to the project HSE Manager apart from stopping the irregularities; n 認真執(zhí)行對施工人員的分部、分項工程有針對性的安全技術交底； Seriously communicates the safety technology with regard to the partial work and subproject to the constructi

51、on employee; n 發(fā)生工傷事故，應立即采取措施，并保護現(xiàn)場，迅速報告；Immediately Takes measures to protect the site and submits the report in time after an injury accident occurs; n 對已發(fā)生的事故隱患落實整改，并向項目HSE經(jīng)理反饋整改情況； Executes the correction of the potential accident which appears; and submits a report with regard to the correct

52、ion to the project HSE Manager; n 以書面形式記錄所采取的安全、健康和環(huán)境書面的所有行動； Record all the actions taken for safety, health and environment in a written form; n 對安全作業(yè)給予書面支持和認可，積極參與書面形式的崗前計劃活動，參與項目基于作業(yè)基礎的安全程序。 Give written support and confirmation to safety construction, actively participate pre-construction w

53、ritten planning activities and implements safety procedures that the project is based on construction basis. 6.1.6 HSE監(jiān)督員 HSE Surveillant n 參與制定有關HSE目標計劃、技術措施，監(jiān)督檢查執(zhí)行情況； Participates in developing HSE goals and technical measures, supervise and inspect execuation n 負責組織員工進入現(xiàn)場前的HSE教育、崗位HSE教育； R

54、esponsible for organizing HSE education for employee before entering into jobsite and on job n 監(jiān)督、檢查、參加、指導班組每周HSE活動及班前講話； Supervise, inspect, participate and instruct groups on weekly activities and give talks n 深入現(xiàn)場巡回檢查，對各種直接作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)進行HSE監(jiān)督，及時糾正違章和失職行為，督促檢查隱患整改，遇有緊急情況有權令其停止作業(yè)； Go to site for a thor

55、ough inspection, supervise each direct work steps on HSE aspect, correct the violations and breaches of duty in time, and urge to check the hidden troubles and improve, have the right to stop operations when emergency. n 及時向領導反映問題，提出建議，為領導HSE決策提出建設性意見； Report problems to leaders in time and propos

56、e the suggestions, offer useful ideas on HSE decision for leaders. n 參加項目部HSE檢查、HSE管理評審及事故的調(diào)查處理； Participate in HSE check, HSE management review and accident investigation and handling. n 負責有關HSE管理記錄、臺帳、資料的整理、歸檔和上報工作。 Responsible for HSE management records and documents keeping, filing and repor

57、ting. 6.1.7 班組長 Group leader n 保證上級各項HSE標準、制度在本班組的貫徹執(zhí)行，對本班組的HSE工作全面負責； Ensure all HSE standards and regulations from superiors are implemented and be responsible for overall HSE works of this group. n 負責組織員工的崗位HSE教育和班組HSE活動，學習有關HSE操作規(guī)程； Responsible for organizing HSE education on job and HSE

58、activities of group for employee, and studying related HSE operation instruction. n 認真檢查班組各崗位作業(yè)中的HSE執(zhí)行情況，發(fā)現(xiàn)違章和隱患及時處理； Check carefully HSE performance of each work, deal with violations and hidden troubles in time when finding them. n 做好有關HSE防護措施、防護用品的檢查維護工作，使其處于完好狀態(tài)； Check and maintain related H

59、SE protective measures and articles, and ensure them in a good conditions. n 發(fā)生事故搶救傷者，保護現(xiàn)場，并立即報告，對事故處理予以積極協(xié)助。 Salve injured persons when accident, protect site and make an immediate report, and give an active assistance at accident handling. 6.1.8 員工 Employee n 嚴格遵守自己的安全承諾，嚴格遵守各項HSE管理制度及本崗位操作規(guī)程

60、，不違章作業(yè)，對本崗位的HSE工作負直接責任； Comply with the safety promises and all HSE management regulations and operation instructions of the position strictly, will work without any violation, have the direct responsibility to the HSE works of this position. n 積極參加班組每周及每日班前HSE活動，自覺接受HSE教育培訓，增強自身HSE意識及防護能力； Parti

61、cipate in weekly and daily HSE activities actively, take HSE training and increase HSE awareness and improve protection ability. n 上崗按規(guī)定著裝，妥善保管、正確使用各種勞動防護器具和消防器材； Dress according to related regulations before work, keep and use kinds of work protective equipment and fire fight equipment in a corre

62、ct way. n 有權拒絕接受不符合HSE管理規(guī)定的作業(yè)任務，有權拒絕違章作業(yè)的指令，對他人的違章作業(yè)有權加以勸阻和制止； Have the right to refuse to take the works and tasks which are not in compliance with HSE regulations, have the right to refuse violating instructions, and have the right to discourage and stop the violating operations of others. n 正確

63、分析、判斷和處理各種事故苗頭，把事故消滅在萌芽狀態(tài)； Analyze, judge and handle correctly kinds of accident at the early beginning in order to solve the problems at the early beginging. n 發(fā)生事故要果斷正確處理，及時向上級報告，并保護現(xiàn)場。 Handle the accidents correctly and determinedly, report to superior in time and protect site. 6.2 標準 Standa

64、rds 具體的中華人民共和國健康和安全標準參考附件1。 Specific PRC Health and Safety standards are referenced in Attachment 1. 中華人民共和國環(huán)境標準在HSE環(huán)境監(jiān)控程序（附件2）中敘述。 The PRC Environmental standards are described in the Construction Environmental Control Plan (Attachment 2). 7.0 執(zhí)行和通訊 Implementation and Communication 7.1

65、 語言 Language 所有的會議和報告都將以普通話和英文兩種語言方式打出或呈現(xiàn)，必要時地方話可用來保證完全理解。其它需要注意的重要考慮因素包括： All meetings and reports will be typed or shown both in PuTongHua and English. However, dialect, if necessary, can be used for being understood fully. Other important factors need to be taken into consideration are: n 相對

66、口頭交流而言，重點應該以書面形式； Compared to oral communication, key problems should be shown in written documents; n 在書面函件上中文應該有優(yōu)越的字號并置于優(yōu)越的位置； Chinese should be used with preferential size and demonstrated at prevailing position in a written document. n 公司和團體之間建立通訊界面； Communication interface should be established between the company and groups. n 公司和團體建立各種交流形式的詳細程序（如：常規(guī)通訊、事件匯報、職權機構的通訊、緊急事故報告和變更的管理）。 Detailed procedures of various communication between the company and groups are established (such as