2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)27 彗星以及流星與流星雨(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx

《2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)27 彗星以及流星與流星雨(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)27 彗星以及流星與流星雨(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx（22頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)27彗星以及流星與流星雨 一、閱讀理解1 Sinceancienttimes,humanbeingshavelookedupatthenightsky.Comets（彗星）andmeteors（流星）flyingthroughtheblacknesswereseenassignsfromthegods.Theywereusedtotellthefutureofhumanlives. In2013,ameteoriteshowerhitanareainRussia.Itinjuredaround1,200people.Inancienttimes,

2、（hiswouldhavebeenastrangeandterribleexperience.Today,thought,scienceofferssimpleexplanationsfortheoccurrence（事件）. Meteoritesaresmallpiecesofdebris（碎片）thatfloataroundinspace.Sometimes,theycomenearaplanet,suchasEarth.Whentheyenterouratmosphere,theyoftenheatupandbecomeverybright.Thisiswhytheyaresometi

3、mescalled“fireballs".Theyareusuallymadeofmetals,suchasiron（鈔；），andotherminerals（礦物）.TheRussianmeteoriteswerestony,withironmakingup10percentof（hem. Meteoriteshowers,suchasthatinRussia,happenwhenalargemeteorenterstheEarth'satmosphereand,duetoheat,breaksupintosmallpans.Mostoftheseareverysmall—smallert

4、hanagrainofsand—andsodon'tevenmakeittotheground.Butotherscancausealotofdamage. ThemeteorinRussiaweighed10tonswhenitenteredouratmosphere,andbrokeupabout20-30miles（30-50km）aboveground.Theskywasfilledwithbrightlightsandloudnoises.Manywindowswerebroken.ThedamagecostRussiaaround206millionyuan. 1. Whatd

5、idpeopleinancienttimesthinkwhentheysawameteoriteshower? A. Itwasawonderfulsight.B.Itwascommoninnature. C.Theyrespecteditasagod.D.Theyfeltpuzzledandscared. 2. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutmeteorites? A. Theyfloataroundinspace.B.TheyoftenheatupwhenenteringEarth. C.Therearefiresaroundthem.D.Th

6、eyarcusuallymadeofmetals. 3. WhenalargemeteorcomesintotheEarth'satmosphere,. ① meteoriteshowershappen?itbreaksupintosmallpieces ③itfallstothegroundaswhole④itseldomcausesseriousdamageA.①② A.①② B.?@ C.?@ D.②④ 2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)27彗星以及流星與流星雨 一、閱讀理解1 Sinceancienttimes,humanbeingshavelooke

7、dupatthenightsky.Comets（彗星）andmeteors（流星）flyingthroughtheblacknesswereseenassignsfromthegods.Theywereusedtotellthefutureofhumanlives. In2013,ameteoriteshowerhitanareainRussia,hinjuredaround1,2（X）people.Inancienttimes,thiswouldhavebeenastrangeandterribleexperience.Today,thought,scienceofferssimpleex

8、planationsfortheoccurrence（事件）. Meteoritesaresmallpiecesofdebris（碎片）thatfloataroundinspace.Sometimes,theycomenearaplanet,suchasEarth.Whentheyenterouratmosphere,theyoftenheatupandbecomeverybright.Thisiswhytheyaresometimescalled“fireballs".Theyareusuallymadeofmetals,suchasiron（鐵），andotherminerals（礦1勿

9、）.TheRussianmeteoriteswerestony,withironmakingup10percentof（hem. Meteoriteshowers,suchasthatinRussia,happenwhenalargemeteorenterstheEarth'satmosphereand,duetoheat,breaksupintosmallparts.Mostoftheseareverysmall—smallerthanagrainofsand—andsodon'tevenmakeittotheground.Butotherscancausealotofdamage. T

10、hemeteorinRussiaweighed10tonswhenitenteredouratmosphere,andbrokeupabout20-30miles（30-50km）aboveground.Theskywasfilledwithbrightlightsandloudnoises.Manywindowswerebroken.ThedamagecostRussiaaround206millionyuan. 1. Whatdidpeopleinancienttimesthinkwhentheysawameteoriteshower? A. Itwasawonderfulsight.

11、B.Itwascommoninnature. C.Theyrespecteditasagod.D.Theyfeltpuzzledandscared. 2. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutmeieorites? A. Theyfloataroundinspace.B.TheyoftenheatupwhenenteringEarth. C.Therearefiresaroundthem.D.Theyarcusuallymadeofmetals. 3. WhenalargemeteorcomesintotheEarth'satmosphere,. ①m

12、eteoriteshowershappen?itbreaksupintosmallpieces （3）itfallsto（hegroundaswhole?itseldomcausesseriousdamageB.①③ B.①③ C.①④ D.②④ WhichtopicdoesthestoryNOTtalkabout? A.Howmeteoriteshowershappen.B.Howtostopmeteoriteshowers. C.ThemeteoritesinRussia.D.Thedamagemeteoritescancause. 【答案】I.D2.C3.A4.B【解

13、析】文章講訴了流星雨的一些情況。 1. 句意：在古代，當(dāng)人們呢看見流星雨的時(shí)候，怎么想的。根據(jù)Inancienttimes,thiswouldhavebeenastrangeandterribleexperience.故選D句意:關(guān)于流星哪個(gè)不正確？根據(jù)Meteoritesaresmallpiecesofdebris（碎片）thatfloataroundinspace.可知A是對的;根據(jù)Whentheyenterouratmosphere,theyoftenheatup可知B是對的；根據(jù)Theyareusuallymadeofmelals,可知D是對的；故選C 2. 句意：當(dāng)-個(gè)大流星進(jìn)入

14、到地球大氣層的時(shí)候---o根據(jù)Meteoriteshowers,suchasthatinRussia,happenwhenalargemeteorenterstheEarth'satmosphereand,duetoheat,breaksupintosmallparts.故選A句意：這個(gè)故事沒談?wù)撃膫€(gè)話題。根據(jù)Meteoriteshowers,suchasthatinRussia,happenwhenalargemeteorenterstheEarth'satmosphereand,duetoheat,breaksupintosmall和otherscancausealotofdamage.可

15、知A/C/D都提到了；故選B 2 Therearelotsofobjectsthatweseeinthesky.Duringthedayweseethesun.Afterthesunsetintheevening,wcseemostlythestars.Notallthelightsintheskythatwcsecarcreallystars. Ofcourse,weseethemoon.Someoftheotherlightsintheskyareplanets（彳了星）.Planetsgoaroundthesunlikeearthdoes. Sometimeswecanseeas

16、hootingstar.Shootingstarlookslikeastarthatismovingquicklyacrossthesky.Somepeoplebelievethatseeingashootingstarwillbring（hemgoodluck.It'shardtofindshootingstarbecausetheyrunfast. Thecorrectnameforshootingstarismeteor（流星）.Spacehaslotsoflittleobjects.Thesecanberocksinspacefromoldplanets.Theseobjectsca

17、nbeverysmall,theyarecallednieteorites（隕石）.Whenmeteoritegetsclosetotheearth,itgetspulledtowardstheearthbygravity（重力）.Earthissurroundedbyatmosphere（大,［層）.Atmosphereismadeupofairandclouds.Meteoriteburnsintheearth'satmosphere.Thismakestheshortbrightmovinglightinthenightsky.Ameteoritethenturnsintometeor.

18、 3. Atnighttheskyisfilledmostlywith. A.themoon B.theplanets C.thestars D.thesun Fromthepassage,wccanknow. A. allthelightsintheskythatwcseearcreallystarsspacehaslotsoflittleobjectsandtheycanberocksfromoldplanets. B. whenameteoriteisneartheearth,itgetspushedfromtheearthbygravity. C. shooting

19、starlookslikestarthatismovingslowlyacrossthesky. 4. Howdoesameteoriteturnintoameteor?Pleasepul(hefollowingsentencesinorder. ?Itispulledtowardstheearthbygravity. ② Theburninggivesoffbrightlight. ③ Ameteoritegetsclosetotheearth. @1(bumsintheearth'satmosphere. A.③?②①B.③④①②C.③①④?D.③②①?Wherecanwepr

20、obablyreadthispassage? A.Inadiary.B.Inasciencemagazine. C.Inanadvertisement.D.Inanovel. 【答案】5.C6.B7.C8.B【解析】本文主要講了流星的形成。它是隕石靠近地球時(shí)被重力拉向地球，隕石在地球的大氣層中爆炸，形成了流星。 4. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文第?段4iAfterthesunsetintheevening,weseemostlythestars?5可知傍晚日落后，天空大多充滿了星星，故選C。 5. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文第四段"Spacehaslotsoflittleobjects.Thes

21、ecanberocksinspacefromoldplanets."可知太空中有很多小物體。這些可能是來白古老行星的太空巖石。故選B。 6. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文最后一段Whenameteoritegetsclosetotheearth,itgetspulledtowardstheearthbygravity....Ameteoriteblowsupintheearth'satmosphere.Thismakestheshortbrightmovinglightinthenightsky.Ameteoritethusturnsintoameteor.當(dāng)隕石靠近地球時(shí)，它就會(huì)被重力拉向地球。一

22、顆隕石在地球的大氣層中爆炸。這形成夜空中的短而明亮的移動(dòng)光，隕石就這樣變成了流星。故選C。 7. 推理判斷題?？v覽全文，可知本文主要講的是流星的形成，這屬于自然科學(xué)范疇，故選B。 3 BOOM!That'sawordweoftenusetodescribealoudsound.It'salsopartoftheterm"sonicboom(音爆)"，whichissomethingthathappenswhenairispushedsostronglyandquicklythatitcreatesaloudnoise. OnMarch20,araredaytimemeteor（流星）c

23、reatedasonicboomoverpartsoftheUKandFrance,accordingtoLiveScience.Themeteorflewthroughtheskysofastthatitcouldhardlybeseen-butitcoulddefinitelybeheard. Sohowexactlyaresonicboomsmade?Youcanthinkofairasbeinglikewater.Whensomethingmovesthroughwater,youcanseeripples（波紋）.Iftheobjectmovesveryquickly,therip

24、plesstarttorunintoeachother. Thesamethinghappensintheair,evenifitcan'tbeseen.Whentheobjectmovesfasterthanthespeedofsound,theairispushedhard,anditcompresses（壓縮）liketheripplesonwater.Thiswillcreateasoundwavethatisveryloud,whichisasonicboom. Infact,lotsofthingscanmakesonicbooms.Whenyougototheparkands

25、eepeopleplaywithwhipsandtops（鞭子和陀螺）,youmighthearatinysonicboomwhentheycrackthewhip.Aircraft（hattravelfasterthanthespeedofsoundcanalsomakesonicbooms. Astrongsonicboomcancausedamagetowindowsorbuildings,althoughthepossibilityofthisisverylow,accordingtotheUSAirForce.Theloudsoundcanalsodisturb（影響）people

26、onthegroundandevencausehearingloss.That'swhysupersonicaircraftareonlyallowedinlimesofwar. 8. Whichofthefallowingwouldn'tcauseasonicboom? A. ameteorB.whipsandtopsC.supersonicaircraftD.waterripplesInparagraph3,thewritermentionswaterto. A. helpexplainhowasonicboomhappens. B. describewhatwaterripple

27、slooklikeprovethatwatercanmovelikeair. C. explainthedifferencesbetweenwaterripplesandsonicbooms. 9. Accordingtothepassage,asonicboomissomething（hat. A. happenswhenairispushedsoftlyandslowlyneverappearsasaloudsound B. maycausedamagetoyourhousecanbeseenwhenithappens 10. Onwhichwebsitecanweprobabl

28、yreadthispassage? A B. www.chinascience.org/soundwww.C 【答案】9.D10.A11.C12.B 【解析】本文主要講述了音爆及其是如何產(chǎn)生的。 5. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段''OnMarch20,araredaytimemeteor（流星）createdasonicboomoverpartsoftheUKandFrance,accordingtoLiveScience,,可知，流星可以引起音爆；根據(jù)第五段"Whenyougototheparkandseepeopleplaywithwhipsandtops（鞭子和陀螺），youmig

29、hthearatinysonicboomwhentheycrackthewhip.,,可知，鞭子和陀螺可以引起音爆；根據(jù)第五段''Aircraftthattravelfasterthanthespeedofsoundcanalsomakesonicbooms.,,可知，超音速飛機(jī)可以制造音爆，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)ABC排除，故選D。 6. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Sohowexactlyaresonicboomsmade?"及本段內(nèi)容可知，作者提到了水來幫助解釋音爆是如何發(fā)生的。故選A。 7. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Astrongsonicboomcancausedamagetowind

30、owsorbuildings,althoughthepossibilityofthisisverylow,accordingtotheUSAirForce.,,可知，強(qiáng)烈的音爆可以對窗戶或建筑物造成破壞，所以C選項(xiàng)表述正確。故選C。 8. 文章來源題。本文主要講述了音爆及其是如何產(chǎn)生的，屬于科學(xué)范疇，所以本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在www.chinascicncc.org/sound這個(gè)M站上，故選B。 4 I'mVictor.Onmyseventhbirthday,mymomgavemeabookaboutstars.Thatwasthebeginningofmylifetimehobby.

31、Ialwayswentoutsidewithmymomoncleannightsandlookedatthesky.Indifferentseasons,wesawdifferentgroupsofstars.Sometimeswesawstarsshoolingbrightly（明亮地）across（hesky.Howbeautifultheywere! Studyingthestarswasgreatfunforme.WhenIlearntalittleaboutthem,Iwantedtofindoutmoreandmore.Nowitismyjob.IhostaTVshowcalle

32、dTheSkyatNight.IusewhatIknowtotellpeopleabout（hestarsinagreatway.IamhappybecausemyTVshowstartedover50yearsago,nowit'sstillpopular. NowIamseventy-fiveyearsold.Actually,Ithinkyoucanturnyourhobbyintoyourjobtoo.Anybodycanmaketheirdrcamscoinctrue.Youjusthavetoenjoywhatyoudo! 9. Theunderlinedword'kshoot

33、ingnmeans. A. 飛過B.閃罹C.眨眼D.唱歌"Studyingthestarswasgreatfiinfbrme/'tellsus. A. VictorwasinterestedinstarsB.VictorlovedthebookverymuchC.VictoroftensawdifferentstarsD.VictorlovedhisTVshow 10. TheskyatNightisoveryearsold. A. 7B.50C.65D.75Thewriterwantstotellusthat. A.hobbiesarejustjobsB.TVshowhelpsus

34、alotC.weneedtoenjoywhatwedoD.readingisimportantinourlife 【答案】13.A14.A15.B16.C【解析】這篇短文主要講述了在作者七歲的時(shí)候，母親送給了他一本關(guān)于星星的書，這就是作者愛好的開始。 11. 根據(jù)下文brightly（明亮地）acrossthesky.Howbeautifultheywere!可知上文shooting的意思是''飛過故選Ao根據(jù)下文WhenIlearntalittleabout【hem,Iwantedtofindoutmoreandmore.Nowitismyjob.可知，Studyingthestarsw

35、asgreatfunforme這句話的意思是“Victor對星星感興趣”。故選A。 12. 根據(jù)文中IamhappybecausemyTVshowstartedover50yearsago,nowit'sstillpopular.可知，TheskyatNight是50多歲了。故選B?根據(jù)文中Anybodycanmaketheirdreamscometrue.Youjusthavetoenjoywhatyoudo!可知,我們需要享受我們做的事情。故選C。 5 Ifyoulookattheskyonenightandseesomethingmovingandshiningthatyouhav

36、eneverseenbefore,itmightbeacomel（彗星）. Acometsometimeslookslikeastar.Likeaplanet,acomethasnolightofitsown.Itshinesfromthesunlightitreflects（反射）.Liketheearth,acometgoesroundthesun,butonamuchlongerpath（軌道）thantheearth（ravels. Ifacometisn'tastar,whatisitthen? Somescientiststhinkthatalargepartofacomet

37、iswaterfrozenintopiecesoficcandmixedwithironandrockdustandperhapsafewbigpiecesofrock.Whensunshinemelts（融化）theiceinthecomet,greatcloudsofgasgotrailingafterit.Theseclouds,togetherwiththedust,formalongtaiI.Manypeopleperhapshaveseenacomet.Howevernooneknowshowmanycometsthereare.Theremaybemillionsofcomets

38、,butonlyafewcomecloseenoughforustosee. AnEnglishmannamedEdmundHalley,wholivedfrom1656to1742,foundoutalotaboutthepathsthatcometstakethroughthesky.Soniccometsmoveoutofoursightandnevercomeback.Otherskeepcomingbackatregulartimes.AbigcometthatkeepscomingbackwasnamedafterHalleybecausehewastheonewhoworked

39、outwhenitwouldcomebackagain.MaybeyouhaveeverseenHalley'sCometsbecausethelasttimeitcamecloseto(hesunandtheeanhwasintheyear1986.Thenpeopleallovertheworldwereoutsideatnight(olookatit.YouwillprobablybeabletoseeHalley'sCometswhenitcomesneartheearthagain. 13. Acometislike. A. sunB.moonC.sunlightD.theear

40、thAlargepartofacometis. A. waterandrockwaterfrozenintopiecesoficeandmixedwithiron B. ice,ironandrockdustonlyafewbigpiecesofrock 14. Maybemanypeople. A.haven'tseenanycometsB.haveseenallcometsC.haveseenacometatdaytimeD.haveseenacomet 15. Somecometskeepcomingback. A.atanytimeB.atnoonC.atregularti

41、mesD.atdaytimeHalley'sCometscameback. A.in1990B.in1980C.in1986D.in1989【答案】17.D18.C19.D20.C21.C 【解析】短文大意：本文介紹了有關(guān)彗星的知識(shí)。彗星有時(shí)看起來像個(gè)明星。就像一個(gè)行星，一顆彗星本身不發(fā)光。它是在反射陽光。如同地球一樣，彗星繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)，但它比地球的旅行軌道更長。如果彗星不是一顆恒星，它是什么呢？短文敘述了一些科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)。 11. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Liketheearth,acometgoesroundthesun,but...HnJ'知選D。 12. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)”...isw

42、aterfrozenintopiecesoficeandmixedwithironandrockdustandperhapsafewbigpiecesofrock."這句話即能得出答案Co細(xì)打理解題。由第五段的首句”Manypeopleperhapshaveseenacomet."可知選D。 13. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Somecometsmoveoutofoursightandnevercomeback.Otherskeepcomingbackatregulartimes.”—句可知選C。 14. 推理判斷題。哈雷彗星每七十六年才能看到一次。再結(jié)合H...thelasttimeitcame

43、closetothesunandtheearthwasintheyear1986.”這句話的意思,即可得到答案C。 6 Cornets(彗星)arepartsofoursolarsystem.Liketheplanets,theygoaroundthesun. Butcometsarenotmadeofsolidrockslikeplanets.Acometisaballofdust,stones,andice.Manypeoplecallcometsdirtysnowballs. The“snowball"maybeonlyafewmilesacross.Butwhenthesunh

44、eatsthe"snowball,"muchofitischangedtogases.Thegasesspreadoutandformthecomet'shead,whichmaybethousandsofmilesacross. Acometmovesfastinitstriparoundthesun.Butwhenweseeit,thecometdoesnotseemtomove.That'sbecauseitissofaraway.Themoonmovesfast,butwhenyoulookatit,youcan'tseeanymotion(運(yùn)動(dòng)).That'sbecausethem

45、oonisfaraway. Eachyearastronomers(天文學(xué)家)discovernewcomets.Sonicofthemarcseenonlyonce.Theymakeonetriparoundthesunandthengoawayoutintospace.Thesun'sgravitycannotholdthem. Othercomets,likeHalley,keepreturning.Theyhavebeencapturedbythesun.Halley'searliestvisitwasprobably3,()()0yearsago.Itmaykeepreturni

46、ngforanother3,()(X)years. Buteverytimeacometgoesaroundthesun,thecometlosespartofitself.Gasesanddustarcpulledoutofthecomet.That'swhyHalleyisnowdimmer(暗淡的)thanitusedtobe.Nexttimeitvisitsus,in2062,itmaybeevendimmer.Eachvisititmaygetdimmeranddimmer,untilitfinallydisappears. 15. Whatisthispassagemostly

47、about? A. Cometsandthesun. B. Whycometsarelikesnowballs. C. Whodiscoveredthefirstcomet. D. Factsaboutcomets. 16. Howdocsthewriterhelpthereaderunderstandwhatacometlookslike? A. Bytellingaboutafamousone. B. Byexplaininghowfarawayitis. C. Bydescribinghowfastitmoves. D. Bydescribingitasadirtysn

48、owball. 17. Whatisthemostlikelyreasonthewriterwrotethispassage? A. lbgiveinformationaboutcomets. B. Totellreadersaboutfamouscomets. C. lbexplaintheimportanceofcomets. D. Toencouragereaderstolookfbrcomets. 【答案】22.D23.D24.A【解析】22.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容大意可知答案為D 23. 根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容Butcometsarenotmadeofsolidrockslikeplane

49、ts.Acometisaballofdust,stones,andice.Manypeoplecallcometsdirtysnowballs."!知答案為D根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容Buieverytimeacometgoesaroundthesun,（hecometlosespartofitself.Gasesanddustarepulledoutofthecomet.ThafswhyHalleyisnowdimmer（暗淡的）thanitusedtobe.Nexttimeitvisitsus,in2062,itmaybeevendimmer.Eachvisititmaygetdimmeranddimm

50、er,untilitfinallydisappears.可矢H答案為A 7 Theplanetsaren'ttheonlywanderers。曼游者）ofthesky.There'rcsomethingsevenfartherandlonger.Longafterpeoplewerenolongerafraidofplanets,theystillthoughtthecornets（若星）werebadobjectsthattraveledinthesky.Theywereafraidthatthecornetswouldsuddenlylandontheearthandhurtthem.

51、 But,infact,evenifacometdidhittheearth,nothingmuchhappened.Acometisreallyaharmless（無害的）thing. Cometshaveroundheadsandlongtails,andtheyareverybright.Sometimestheylooklikeheadswithlonghairflyingwiththem.That'swhythey'recalledcomets.Cometmeanslong-haired. Likethestarsandplanets,cometsarefaraway.Butw

52、ecanknowitssize.TheheadofasmallcometisaswideasthePacificOcean.Andabigcomet'sheadistentimesasbigastheearth.Itstailismillionsofkilometerslong.Thenwhywouldn'tthegreatbigthinghurtusifithittheearth?Becauseitisn'tsolid.It'sthinlikecloud.Its（ailisnothingbutbrightgas.Anditsheadismadeofsmallpiecesandtheycoul

53、dnothurttheearth. Soniccometscanbeseenfbrafewmonths.Thentheygoaway.Someofthemcomebackinacertainnumberofyears.Somearcneverseenagain. Perhapsthesecometsthatneverreturnhavebrokeninlopieces.Forsomethinkthatshootingsiars（流星）arepiecesofbrokencomets. 24. Peoplewereafraid. A. cometsarcdifferentfromplane

54、tscometstravelinthesky B. cometsaremuchbiggerthantheearthcometscouldhittheearth 25. Cometshavelongtaillike,sowecallthemcomets. A.longhairB.roundheadsC.rounddishesD.widewingsFromthepassageweknowthetailsofcometsaremadeof. A.waterB.solidC.gasD.smallstonesTheunderlinedword“astronomcrs"mavmeaninChine

55、se. A.心理學(xué)家B.藝術(shù)家C.天文學(xué)家D.考古專家WhichofthefollowingisTRUE? A. Acometisakindofplanets. B. Cometsarealltenlimesasbigas(heearth. C. Peoplecanhardlyseecomets. D. Shootingstarsmaycomefromthebrokencomets. 【答案】25.D26.A27.C28.C29.D【解析】這篇短文主要講述了彗星名稱的由來，以及彗星的結(jié)構(gòu)。告訴我們彗星之所以不會(huì)撞到地球，是因?yàn)殄缧鞘怯謿怏w構(gòu)成的。 18. 細(xì)［3理解題。根據(jù)短文第

56、一段Theywereafraidthat(hecometswouldsuddenlylandontheearthandhurtthem.描述，可知人們擔(dān)心彗星會(huì)撞擊地球。故選D。 19. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第三段Sometimestheylooklikeheadswithlonghairflyingwiththem.That'swhythey'recalledcomets.描述，可知彗星之所以被稱作彗星是因?yàn)樗鼈冇谐３５奈舶?。故選A。 20. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第四段Itstailisnothingbutbrightgas.描述,可知彗星的尾巴是有氣體構(gòu)成的。故選C。 21. 詞義猜

57、測題。結(jié)合常識(shí)，可知本句話是天文學(xué)家的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。 22. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一句話Forsomeastronomersthinkthatshootingstars(流星)arepiecesofbrokencomets.描述，可知流行來自破碎的彗星。故選D。 二、完型填空WhichtopicdoesthestoryNOTtalkabout? A.Howmeteoriteshowershappen.B.Howtostopmeteoriteshowers. C.ThemeteoritesinRussia.D.Thedamagemeteoritescancause. 2 Ther

58、earelotsofobjectsthatweseeinthesky.Duringthedayweseethesun.Afterthesunsetintheevening,weseemostly（hestars.Notallthelightsinthesky（hatweseearereallystars. Ofcourse,weseethemoon.Someoftheotherlightsintheskyareplanets（行星）.Planetsgoaroundthesunlikeearthdoes. Sometimeswccanseeashootingstar.Shootingstar

59、lookslikeastarthatismovingquicklyacrossthesky.Somepeoplebelievethatseeingashootingstarwillbringthemgoodkick.It'shardtofindshootingstarbecausetheyrunfast. Thecorrectnameforshootingstarismeteor（流星）.Spacehaslotsoflittleobjects.Thesecanberocksinspacefromoldplanets.Theseobjectscanbeverysmall,theyarecall

60、edmeteorites（隕石）.Whenmeteoritegetsclosetotheearth,itgetspulledtowardstheearthbygravity（重力）.Earthissurroundedbyatmosphere（大氣層）.Atmosphereismadeupofairandclouds.Meteoriteburnsintheearth'satmosphere.Thismakestheshortbrightmovinglightinthenightsky.Ameteoritethenturnsintometeor. 4. Atnighttheskyisfilled

61、mostlywith. A.themoonB.theplanetsC.thestarsD.thesunFromthepassage,wecanknow. A. allthelightsintheskythatweseearereallystarsspacehaslotsoflittleobjectsandtheycanberocksfromoldplanets. B. whenameteoriteisneartheearth,itgetspushedfromtheearthbygravity. C. shootingstarlookslikestarthatismovingslowly

62、across（hesky. 5. Howdoesameteoriteturnintoameteor?Pleaseput（hefollowingsentencesinorder. ?Itispulledtowardstheearthbygravity. ② Theburninggivesoffbrightlight. ③ Ameteoritegetsclosetotheearth. @Itbumsintheearth'satmosphere. A.③④B.@?①②C.③①④②D.?@?@ MariaMitchellwasbornin1818duringatimewhenmanype

63、oplethoughtthatwomandidnotneedtolearn. But,MitchclPsfatherthoughtthatbothboysandgirlsshouldgotoschool.30.hetutoredherathomeaswellassenttohertoschool. Mitcheirsfather,recognizingherinterestinastronomy（天文學(xué)）atearlyage,encouragedherinterestandtaughtherhowtouseatelescope.Asan31,sheworkedasthefirstlibra

64、rianattheNantucketAlheneumlibraryfrom1836to1856,allthewhilestilllookingattheskyatnight,studyingthestarsandtheplanets. InOctober1847,Mitchelsawabrightstarthroughthetelescope.Shewassurethatshehad32seenthatstarbefore.Excited,sherantotellherfather.Shecarefullywrotenotesaboutthestar.Thenextnight,itlooke

65、dasifthe"star"had33Italsoseemedtohaveatail（尾巳）！Now,Mitchellwassurethatshehadfoundacomet,notastar. Atehtime,thekingofDenmarkwasofferingaprizetothefirstpersontofindacometthatcouldonlybeseenthroughatelescope.Mitchellwontheprize!Itwasagoldmedal.But,shewonsomethingelsetoo.Shewonpeople'srespectwhentheysa

66、wthatshewas34herwork.Later,theAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesvotedherinasitsfirstfemalemember. In1856,anewcollegejustfbrwomenopened.IlwascalledVassarCollege,andMitchellbecameaprofessorthere.Shewasthefirstfemaleprofessortoteachastronomy,orthescienceofstarsandplanets.Becauseofher,femalestudentslearnedthattheycouldbescientiststoo.Womencouldmakevaluable35tohelpunderstandourworld. 30.A.Instead B.Inaddition C.So D.Afterall 31.