（新教材）2021-2022學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二寒假鞏固練習(xí)5 表語從句 學(xué)生版.docx

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1、表語從句 表語從句放在連系動(dòng)詞之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的表語。表語從句就是指一個(gè)句子作為表語，說明主 語是什么或者怎么樣。 一般結(jié)構(gòu)為"主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語從句”?？山颖碚Z從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem 等。 1. 從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的表語從句 從屬連詞that的用法：①無意義；②不充當(dāng)成分 ③不可省略 The reason for his absence is that he hasn't been informed. 他缺席的原因是他沒接到通知。 2. 從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句 The point is whether we shoul

2、d lend him the money. 關(guān)鍵在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。 3. 連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句 The problem is who is really fit fbr the hard job. 問題是誰才真正適合做這份艱苦的工作。 This is what I am interested in. 這就是我所感興趣的。 4. because, as if/though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句 Ifs just because he doesn't know her. 這僅僅是因?yàn)樗徽J(rèn)識(shí)她。 Now it seems as though she had kno

3、wn Millie fbr years. 現(xiàn)在好像她認(rèn)識(shí)米莉已有好多年了似的。 5. why和because引導(dǎo)的表語從句的區(qū)別 That's why... 意為“那是…… 的原因”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果 Thafs because... 意為“那是因?yàn)? ……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因 I didn't phone her, and thafs why she got angry with me.（強(qiáng)調(diào)"沒打電話"這一結(jié)果） 我沒有給她打電話。那就是她對(duì)我生氣的原因。 I didn't phone her, and that*s because I got angry with her.（強(qiáng)調(diào)"生氣

4、”這一原因） 我沒有給她打電話。那是因?yàn)槲疑臍饬恕? 6. 表語從句中的虛擬語氣 （……的數(shù)量）等。 第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問題 第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保 持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。 本文內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。另外全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很 高的駕馭英語的能力。 在表語從句中，表示間接的命令、要求、請(qǐng)求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是：advice, suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea 等，從句謂語

5、形式是 ushould + 動(dòng)詞原形”（should 可 以省略）。 My advice is that you （should） practise speaking English as often as possible. 我的建議是你應(yīng)該盡可能經(jīng)常地練習(xí)說英語。 練習(xí)： 1. Although a number of tombs have survived with little damage, the truth is all have suffered at least some harm from centuries of rain,war,fire and theft.

6、（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空） 2. You have made great progress in English. This is you have improved your studying methods.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空） 3. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I disagree.（按要求補(bǔ)全句子） 4. The reason why he was sent to the hospital was he was ill.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空） 5. The beautiful view of the c

7、ity is attracts me most.（用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空） 6. The problem with building the factory is we don't have enough money.（用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~ 填空） 7. Pressure is you feel when you are worried or uncomfortable about something.（用適 當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空） 8. It seems most houses have been destroyed by the storm.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空） 9. One reason why t

8、here are so many French words in English is the French ruled England for quite a number of years.（用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空） 10. But it seems many people don't cook fish at home.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空） 【答案】1. that 2. because 3. where 4. that 5. what 6. that 7. what 8. that 9. that 10. that 【解析】1.考查表語從句連接詞。句意：盡管有一些墓穴沒有受到什么破

9、壞，但事實(shí)是，這些 墓穴都受到了至少兒個(gè)世紀(jì)以來的雨水、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)和盜竊的侵害。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，the truth is后連接一個(gè)表語從句，從句中不缺少成分且句意也完整，因此表語從句用連接詞that引導(dǎo)。故 填 that o 2. 考查表語從句連接詞。句意：你在英語方面已經(jīng)取得很大的進(jìn)步。這是因?yàn)槟愀倪M(jìn)了你的學(xué) 習(xí)方法。分析句子可知，空格所在句為表語從句，This指代前文的“You have made great progress in English", “英語進(jìn)步很大”的原因是“你改進(jìn)了你的學(xué)習(xí)方法”，故應(yīng)用because來引導(dǎo)從句， 意為“因?yàn)椤保癟his is because..

10、."意為“這是因?yàn)椤?,符合句意。故填because。 3. 考查表語從句。句意：你可以說每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該是平等的，這正是我不同意你的地方。 I disagree.是一個(gè)表語從句，在從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故填 where o 4. 考查表語從句。句意：他被送到醫(yī)院的原因是他病了。分析句子可知，句子為表語從句，空 格處單詞用來引導(dǎo)從句，從句中不缺成分且意義完整，故應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)從句，只起連接作用，構(gòu) 成"The reason...was that...",意為“ 的原因是 故填 that。 5. 考查表語從句。句意：這座城市的美麗景色最吸引我。分析句子可知，句子為表

11、語從句，空 格處單詞引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中缺主語，指代句中的“這座城市的美麗景色”，為物，故應(yīng)用what 引導(dǎo)表語從句。故填whato 6. 考查表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：建工廠的問題是我們沒有足夠的錢。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)句子在句子 中作表語，從句表達(dá)完整的意思，不缺成分。故答案為that。 7. 考查表語從句。句意：壓力就是當(dāng)你擔(dān)心或不舒服的時(shí)候的感覺。分析可知空格所在的句子 是一個(gè)表語從句且缺少主語，故用連接代詞，此處指你所感覺到的東西。故答案為what。 8. 考查表語從句。句意：看來大多數(shù)房屋都被暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，seems %系動(dòng)詞, 設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句不缺成分，需用連接詞

12、that引導(dǎo)。故填thato 9. 考查表語從句。句意：英語中有這么多法語單詞的一個(gè)原因是法國人統(tǒng)治了英國很長一段時(shí) 間。此處放在系動(dòng)詞is后面為句法完整的句子，用that引導(dǎo)表語從句。故填thato 10. 考查表語從句。句意：但是似乎很多人不在家做魚。從句位于系動(dòng)詞seem "似乎……”后， 是表語從句，從句中句意完整，用that引導(dǎo)表語從句。故填thato 單詞默背 1. Vitamins arc organic compounds necessary in small amount in the diet for the n （正常 的）growth and maintena

13、nce of life of animals, including man.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫） 2. Water is e （維持生命必需的）for all known forms of life.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫） 3. The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we need to （處理）them soon.（根據(jù)漢語意 思填空） 4. Genes detennine the （特征）of every living thing.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空） 5. He lost his leg when he was ten, b

14、ut learned to （克服）his handicap.（根據(jù)漢語意思 填空） 6. It will also help people to use their 1 （休閑）time well.（根據(jù)漢語意思單詞拼寫） 7. The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of （化學(xué)制劑）in agriculture.（根據(jù) 漢語意思填空） 8. Most authorities agree that play is an （至關(guān)重要的）part of a child's development. （根據(jù)漢語意思填空） 9.

15、 The plan received （廣泛的）support throughout the country.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空） 10. You cannot a （假定）that a speaker of English is qualified to teach English fbr granted.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空） 閱讀理解 Ninety-seven percent of Earth's water is ocean. No blue, no green. If you think the ocean isn't important, imagine Earth wit

16、hout it. Fifty years ago, when I began exploring the ocean, no one realized that we human being could do anything to harm the ocean. For me, as a woman scientist, it all began in 1953 when I first tried diving. In 1979, by using a submersible, I had a chance to reach the ocean floor which was six m

17、iles offshore and 1,250 feet down. Since then, Tve used about 30 kinds of submarines. We need new deep-diving submersible. We need to see the undersea mountains and understand life in the deep sea. Exploring and protecting the wild ocean is my big wish. What's worrying us is that an ice free Arctic

18、 Ocean may happen in this century. Thafs bad news fbr the polar bears. Additional CO2 is not only driving global warming, but also changing ocean chemistry, making the sea more acidic. That's bad news fbr coral reefs and oxygcn-producing plankton. Actually, nearly half of the coral reefs have disapp

19、eared. We're putting hundreds of millions of tons of plastic and other rubbish into the sea. We're blocking the ocean, poisoning the planet's circulatory system. Most of the turtles, sharks, tunas and whales are way down in numbers. All of these are part of our life support system. Health to the oc

20、ean means health fbr us. I wish we would use all means—films, explorations, the web, new submarines—and campaign to stimulate public support fbr ocean protected areas. My wish is a big wish, but if we can make it happen, it can truly save and restore the ocean, the blue heart of the planet. For the

21、children of today, fbr tomorrow's children: as never again, now is the time. 11. Why does the writer say "No blue, no green." in the first paragraph? A. To tell us the colors of the earth. B. To refer to the ocean and the land C. To show the importance of ocean. D. To encourage us to explore the

22、ocean. 12. What should we do to protect the ocean according to the text? A. Make joint efforts B. Save life support system. C. Encourage children to take action. D. Explore the ocean by new technology. 13. What does the underlined word "it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Means. B. Campaign.

23、 C. Public support. D. Wish. 14. What's the writer's attitude towards the current situation of the ocean? A. Negative. B. Concerned. C. Uncertain. D. Indifferent. 七選五 Tips for Cutting the Cost of Travel Whether fbr pleasure or business reasons, it is normal fbr us to sometimes want to pack our

24、bags, hit the road, and head to a new destination. 15 , it is not without its expenses and those expenses are capable of drilling a hole in one's pocket if not properly planned out beforehand. Below are several tips to ensure you don't end up too much out of pocket by the end of your travels. ? 16

25、. More often than not, people go directly to the airline websites to book their tickets. But did you know that there are so many websites, like Traveligo, which specialize in finding cheap flights fbr travelers? This is a great go-to website whenever you want to book your flight. ?Choose a cheaper

26、means of transportation. While everyone likes to fly to their travel destination fbr case and speed, flying isn't the only transport option available. Depending on where you're living and where you're headed, you can always select public transport. 17 . ?Don't use hotels. 18 By using Airbnb or any

27、of its popular competitors, travelers have the opportunity to not only live like locals but also spend far less. ?Use a travel credit card. When you apply fbr these cards, you can control opportunities like signing-up bonuses（紅木U）, most of which are offered by airline credit cards. 19 You can save

28、yourself a lot of money by way of extra miles, whenever you're ready to hit the road. A. Save on airfare B. Surf the website fbr tickets C. While traveling is an exciting experience D. These bonus points can help you increase a lot of miles E. Staying at someone's house can be cheaper than book

29、ing a hotel F. So research what's available and choose the best option fbr your budget G. If you're a budget sensible traveler looking to reduce the travel costs 寫作(提綱類) 假定你晨光中學(xué)的李津。你校的英文社團(tuán)正在舉辦“How can we reduce garbage pollutionv 的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示，用英文寫一篇短文投稿。 (1) 介紹垃圾污染的現(xiàn)狀； (2) 提出減少垃圾污染的措施(不少于兩點(diǎn))；

30、 (3) 談?wù)勀銓?duì)減少垃圾污染的看法。注意： (1) 詞數(shù)不少于100； (2) 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； How can we reduce garbage pollution 單詞默背 【答案】1. normal 2. essential 3. tackle 4. characteristics 5. overcome 6. leisure 7. chemicals 8. essential 9. widespread 10. assume 【解析】1.考查形容詞。句意：維生素是一種有機(jī)化合物，在日常飲食中小劑量對(duì)于動(dòng)物的正 常生長和維持生命是必需的，包括人類。該空

31、修飾名詞growth,用形容詞，所以填normalo 2. 考查形容詞。句意：水對(duì)所有已知的生命形式都是必不可少的。根據(jù)漢語意思“維持生命必 需的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞essential,作表語。故填essentialo 3. 考查動(dòng)詞。句意：?jiǎn)栴}不嚴(yán)重，不過我們還是需要盡快處理。根據(jù)漢語意思“處理”可知應(yīng) 填動(dòng)詞tackle,且上文為短語need to do sth.,可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。故填tackle。 4. 考查名詞。句意：基因決定每個(gè)生物的特征。在定冠詞the后應(yīng)是名詞；根據(jù)漢語意思；應(yīng)是 名詞characteristic: “每個(gè)生物的特征”應(yīng)是指多種特征，characteristi

32、c應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 characteristics o 5. 考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他10歲時(shí)失去了一條腿，但學(xué)會(huì)了戰(zhàn)勝自己的殘疾。根據(jù)漢語意思“克服” 可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞overcome,且上文為短語learn to do sth.,可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。故填overcomeo 6. 考查形容詞。句意：它也將幫助人們更好地利用他們的閑暇時(shí)間。該空修飾名詞time,用形 容詞，所以填leisureo 7. 考查名詞。句意：整個(gè)食物鏈都受到農(nóng)業(yè)中過度使用化學(xué)制劑的影響。在介詞of后應(yīng)是名詞； 根據(jù)漢語意思，應(yīng)是名詞chemical；根據(jù)生活常識(shí)，應(yīng)是指多種化學(xué)制劑，chemical應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形 式。故填

33、chemicalso 8. 考查形容詞。句意：大多數(shù)權(quán)威人士認(rèn)為玩耍是孩子成長的一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的部分。根據(jù)漢語 意思"至關(guān)重要的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞essential,修飾后文名詞part,作定語。故填essentialc 9. 考查形容詞。句意：這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃得到了全國的廣泛的支持。根據(jù)漢語意思“廣泛的”可知應(yīng)填 形容詞widespread,修飾后文名詞support,作定語。故填widespread., 10. 考查動(dòng)詞。句意：你不能想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為會(huì)說英語的人就有資格教英語。在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞cannot 后應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞原形；根據(jù)所給漢語意思應(yīng)該是動(dòng)詞assumeo故填assume? 閱讀理解 【答案】

34、11.C 12. A 13. D 14. B 【解析】這是一篇說明文。文中強(qiáng)調(diào)了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人類的破壞，作者 認(rèn)為海洋的健康意味著我們的健康，我們應(yīng)該共同努力保護(hù)海洋。 11. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中"Ninety-seven percent of Earth's water is ocean. No blue, no green. If you think the ocean isn't important, imagine Earth without it.（地球上 97%的水是海洋。沒有海洋，就 沒有綠色。如果你認(rèn)為海洋不重要，想象一下沒有海洋的地球）”可推知

35、，作者在第一段說“No blue, No green."是為了顯示海洋的重要性。故選C。 12. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ I wish we would use all means一films, explorations, the web, new submarines一and campaign to stimulate public support fbr ocean protected areas.（我希望我們能利用 一切手段一電影、探險(xiǎn)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、新潛艇——和運(yùn)動(dòng)來激發(fā)公眾對(duì)海洋保護(hù)區(qū)的支持）”可知， 我們應(yīng)該通過共同努力來保護(hù)海洋。故選A。 13. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“

36、I wish wc would use all means—films, explorations, the web, new submarines一and campaign to stimulate public support fbr ocean protected areas.（我希望我們能利用 一切手段——電影、探險(xiǎn)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、新潛艇——和運(yùn)動(dòng)來激發(fā)公眾對(duì)海洋保護(hù)區(qū)的支持）”以及畫 線i司所在句 “My wish is a big wish, but if we can make it happen, it can truly save and restore the ocean”可知，作

37、者認(rèn)為自己的愿望是一個(gè)很大的愿望，但如果我們能實(shí)現(xiàn)它，這個(gè)愿望就能真 正拯救和恢復(fù)海洋。故it指的是“愿望故選D。 14. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Health to the ocean means health for us.（海洋的健康意味著我 們的健康）”以及"For the children of today, for tomorrow's children: as never again, now is the time.（為了今天的孩子，也為了明天的孩子：永遠(yuǎn)不要再這樣了，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候采取行動(dòng)了）”結(jié)合 作者在文中強(qiáng)調(diào)了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人類的破壞，作者認(rèn)為海洋

38、的健康意味 著我們的健康，我們應(yīng)該共同努力保護(hù)海洋?？赏浦髡邔?duì)海洋現(xiàn)狀持關(guān)心態(tài)度。故選B。 七選五 【答案】15. C 16. A 17. F 18. E 19. D 【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了減少旅行費(fèi)用的一些小貼士。 15. 根據(jù)下文 “it is not without its expenses and those expenses are capable of drilling a hole in one's pocket if not properly planned out beforehand.（它不是沒有費(fèi)用，如果沒有事先妥善計(jì)劃，這些費(fèi) 用有能力在一個(gè)人的

39、口袋掏出一個(gè)洞。）”可知，此處與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，內(nèi)容與旅行有關(guān)， 選項(xiàng)C中連詞While表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此選項(xiàng)C “While traveling is an exciting experience （雖然旅行是 一種令人興奮的經(jīng)驗(yàn)）”符合題意。故選C。 16. 根據(jù)卜文"But did you know that there are so many websites, like Traveligo, which specialize in finding cheap flights fbr travelers?（但是你知道有很多像Traveligo這樣專門為旅行者尋找便宜機(jī)票 的網(wǎng)站嗎？）”

40、可知，此處是本段的小標(biāo)題，內(nèi)容與節(jié)省機(jī)票錢有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)A “Save on airfare （節(jié) 省機(jī)票）”符合題意。故選A。 17. 根據(jù)上文"While everyone likes to fly to their travel destination fbr ease and speed, flying isn't the only transport option available. Depending on where you're living and where you're headed, you can always select public transport.（雖然每

41、個(gè)人因?yàn)榉奖愫涂焖俣枷矚g坐飛機(jī)去他們的旅行目的地，但 飛機(jī)并不是唯一的交通選擇。根據(jù)你住的哪里和你要去哪里，你總可以選擇公共交通。）”可知， 此處內(nèi)容與選擇合適的交通工具有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)F "So research what's available and choose the best option for your budget （所以，研究一下什么是可用的，然后根據(jù)你的預(yù)算選擇最好的選擇。）”符 合題意。故選F。 18. 根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題"Don't use hotels.v 和下文 “travelers have the opportunity to not only live like l

42、ocals but also spend far less （旅行者不僅有機(jī)會(huì)像當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯由?，而且花費(fèi)也少得多）”可知， 此處內(nèi)容與住當(dāng)?shù)厝说募依锟赡鼙茸【频昊ㄙM(fèi)少有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)E uStaying at someone's house can be cheaper than booking a hotel （ft在別人家里可能比預(yù)訂酒店便宜。）”符合題意。故選E。 19. 根據(jù)上文"When you apply fbr these cards, you can control opportunities like signing-up bonuses（紅利），most of which ar

43、e offered by airline credit cards.（當(dāng)你申請(qǐng)這些卡時(shí)H 你可以有機(jī)會(huì) 得到如注冊(cè)紅利，其中大部分是由航空公司的信用卡提供的。）”可知，此處內(nèi)容與紅利積分的 用處有關(guān)，選項(xiàng) D "These bonus points can help you increase a lot of miles （這些額外的紅利積分可 以幫助你增加很多里程。）”符合題意。故選D。 寫作（提綱類） 【答案】 At present, a great deal of garbage is being produced every day. The problem of garbage

44、 pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage and people are suffering from the consequences of it. To solve the problem of garbage pollution, wc are supposed to take some effective measures. First, we should economize on resources so as to r

45、educe the amount of garbage. Second, we should sort the garbage properly so that they can be treated easily and differently. Third, reusable garbage should be recycled as much as possible. In my opinion, it is everyone's responsibility to reduce garbage pollution. Only if we work together to reduce

46、 garbage pollution can we live in a better environment and leave a more beautiful world fbr future generations. 【解析】這是一篇說明文寫作。 第1步：根據(jù)提示可知，本篇為寫一篇短文；假定你晨光中學(xué)的李津。你校的英文社團(tuán)正在舉辦 uHow can we reduce garbage pollution的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示，用英文寫一篇短文投稿。 （1）介紹垃圾污染的現(xiàn)狀；（2）提出減少垃圾污染的措施（不少于兩點(diǎn)）；（3）談?wù)勀銓?duì)減少垃圾污染 的看法。 第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞（組），如：a great deal of （大量的）,garbage pollution （垃 圾污染），be surrounded by （被包圍），be supposed to （應(yīng)該）;economize （節(jié)約）；the amount of