江蘇省2019高考英語(yǔ) 第三部分 寫(xiě)作層級(jí)訓(xùn)練 第一步 循序漸進(jìn)提升寫(xiě)作技能 第七講 言簡(jiǎn)意賅的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（講解）.doc

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第七講　言簡(jiǎn)意賅的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 眾所周知，書(shū)面表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)過(guò)多的簡(jiǎn)單句會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得單調(diào)乏味，句子與句子之間的關(guān)系顯得松散；而過(guò)多地出現(xiàn)復(fù)合句又顯得累贅，讀起來(lái)費(fèi)勁。恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不僅使句型多樣，而且使習(xí)作結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi) 1.不定式 I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. 我抱歉地說(shuō)，我不能和你一起在星期五下午去書(shū)店了。 We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)盡力提升自己，為未來(lái)做好準(zhǔn)備。 2.動(dòng)名詞 Furthermore，voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible. 而且在網(wǎng)上投票會(huì)瞬間得到反饋。 Doing the same sports on the playground gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship.在操場(chǎng)上做同樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)給了我們機(jī)會(huì)促進(jìn)我們的友誼。 3.現(xiàn)在分詞 In the picture，we can see a boy in worn clothes，sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. 在這幅畫(huà)中，我們可以看到一個(gè)穿著破舊衣服的男孩，坐在一張放著一摞書(shū)的舊木桌旁。 4.過(guò)去分詞 In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order. 事實(shí)上，交通規(guī)則是與公共秩序相關(guān)的規(guī)則規(guī)章的一部分。 It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. 它刊登了由外國(guó)朋友寫(xiě)的有關(guān)他們國(guó)家的文章。 二、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句 寫(xiě)作時(shí)，我們可以利用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，使其成為較高級(jí)的表達(dá)方式。轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)可采用“三步法”： 第一步：寫(xiě)出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 第二步：找準(zhǔn)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的對(duì)接點(diǎn)，讓一個(gè)句子作為主干，另一個(gè)句子用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)。 第三步：判斷應(yīng)用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，把握好時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，最后連接起來(lái)。 [示例]　 第一步：寫(xiě)出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 ①I(mǎi)n the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Culture”. ②It aims to introduce American customs and the life of high school students. 第二步：讓句①作主句，用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改寫(xiě)句②。 第三步：讓句②作定語(yǔ)，由于其動(dòng)詞aim與主語(yǔ)it之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。 In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Culture”， aiming to introduce American customs and the life of high school students. 三、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句 用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句比轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句要容易一些，因?yàn)樾柁D(zhuǎn)換的一般是從句部分，這時(shí)只需要判斷用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再把握好時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)即可，所以只需兩步。 [示例]　 第一步：寫(xiě)出復(fù)合句。 Since you have realized that your time is limited，you’ll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation. 第二步：把since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，realize與you之間為主謂關(guān)系，且表示完成，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語(yǔ)。 Having realized that your time is limited，you’ll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation. [跟 蹤 訓(xùn) 練] Ⅰ.完成句子 1.Hearing__you’ll__be__a__new__member__of__us，we are all filled with joy and cheer. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)你將成為我們的一名新成員，我們心里充滿(mǎn)了興奮和快樂(lè)。 2.Another suggestion is to__practice__speaking. 還有一項(xiàng)建議是練習(xí)說(shuō)的能力。 3.Hopefully，these books will help the students (to)__know__and__learn__Chinese__better. 讓人滿(mǎn)懷希望的是，這些書(shū)籍將有助于學(xué)生更好地了解和學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。 4.Letting__out your temper in this way can avoid hurting others. 用這種方式釋放自己的情緒能避免傷害別人。 5.Weather__permitting，we will go for an outing tomorrow. 天氣允許的話(huà)，我們明天去郊游。 Ⅱ.用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1.All the people here like the novel.It is written by Tom.(用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)) →All__the__people__here__like__the__novel__written__by__Tom. 2.The boy came to school late again.This made the teacher very angry.(用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)) →The__boy’s__ing__to__school__late__again__made__the__teacher__very__angry. 3.The boys were making the most of time.They wanted to finish the work earlier.(用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)) →The__boys__were__making__the__most__of__time__so__as__to__finish__the__work__earlier. 4.We were touched by the teacher’s words.We decided to work hard.(用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)) →Touched__by__the__teacher’s__words，we__decided__to__work__hard. 5.I feel quite sorry for that.I begin to think about what to do to help.(用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)) →Feeling__quite__sorry__for__that，I__begin__to__think__about__what__to__do__to__help. 6.Because I was amazed at how skillful they were，I determined to be just as good.(用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)) →Amazed__at__how__skillful__they__were，I__determined__to__be__just__as__good. 7.Because I had paid a visit to the place，I will go somewhere else this year to spend my summer vacation.(用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)) →Having__paid__a__visit__to__the__place，I__will__go__somewhere__else__this__year__to__spend__my__summer__vacation.