高中英語代詞和it的用法課件

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1、代詞是代替名詞(人或事物)的詞。代詞分為九類：人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞，指示代詞，不定代詞，相互代詞，疑問代詞，關系代詞(用于定語從句)，連接代詞(用于名詞性從句或狀語從句)。,按提示要求完成下列表格,1,人稱代詞有主格，賓格，所有格及反身代詞。,1指示代詞：this, that，these，those 2相互代詞：each other, one another 3疑問代詞： who, which, whom, whose, what 注意：關系代詞和連接代詞在后面有專門講解，故暫不考慮其類型。,觀察下列表格，注意不定代詞的基本含義和數(shù)量意義,3,不定代詞的含義包括： 是否單獨用，能單獨用

2、的是代詞，是否帶名詞，能帶名詞的是形容詞；數(shù)量意義怎樣。如無具體數(shù)量意義，是否修飾可數(shù)名詞；基本意思怎樣。以all為例，其既可以單獨使用作代詞，如All is over.又可以修飾名詞作形容詞用，如All lies dont hold water.,3,單獨使用或修飾可數(shù)名詞時，表達三個以上的概念，如：All are here.或 All the students are here.中“所有學生”的人數(shù)應該為三個或三個以上。all修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示全部，所有的事物，如All the water is polluted.意為“所有的水已被污染。”,翻譯下列句子，體會連寫和分寫的不定代詞的含義

3、1. Everyone was born equal. 2. Every one of the students in our class has good sense of environmental protection. 3. They ate every one of the mooncakes.,人人生而平等。,我們班每個學生都有良好的環(huán)保意識。,他們把月餅都吃光了。,4,every, any, some, no均可與one構成不定代詞，連寫與分寫用法上有很大區(qū)別，以every和one連用為例，連寫的everyone只能表人，不帶of結構；分寫的every one 常帶of結構，既可

4、以表人，也可以表物。這是連寫和分寫的不定代詞用法上的基本區(qū)別。,4,注意：no one 及none兩詞的用法剛好與此規(guī)律相反。即no one只能表人，不帶of結構；none 常帶of結構，既可以表人，也可以表物。簡單回答中，none用以回答how many/how much提出的問題，no one 則回答who提出的問題。,用one, it或that填空 1. A desk made of wood lasts longer than _ made of plastics. 2. This news is less exciting than _. 3. There is only one d

5、ictionary left in the bookstore. Please go to buy_.,one,that,it,5,1. one, it，that三者均為代詞； 2. one只能代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示泛指，其復數(shù)形式為ones； 3. that既可以代可數(shù)名詞又可以代不可數(shù)名詞，強調(diào)與this的對應性。代可數(shù)名詞時，其復數(shù)形式為those; 4. it有明顯的特指性，確定性，指代上文提到的具體事物， 既可以代可數(shù)名詞又可以代不可數(shù)名詞，代可數(shù)名詞時，其復數(shù)形式為they/them。,選用上述不定代詞填空，體會其含義 1. Look! _ of his hands is cover

6、ed with muddy.What a naughty boy! 2. Look! _ of his hands are covered with muddy.What a naughty boy! 3. _ student in our school wears school uniform.,Each/Either,Both,Every/Each,4. _ of his parents is from Hawaii. They _ come from San Francisco. 5. _ of the answers are not right. Some of them are ap

7、parently wrong. 6. Would you like coffee or tea? _will do.,both,All,Neither,Either,6,1every和each均可充當形容詞，接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，意為“每個”，但前者強調(diào)個體，可以充當代詞，而且可用于兩個的“每個”；后者強調(diào)整體，用于兩個以上的“每個”，不可以充當代詞。Each/Everynot和Not every/each均表部分否定，意為“并非每個都”。,6,2. 既可以充當代詞又可以充當形容詞，意為“兩個中的任意一個”，用法為either單數(shù)名詞或eitherof the復數(shù)名詞。,6,3. both意為“兩個

8、都”，接并列主語，用于both A and B結構，或接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或用于Both of the 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。BothnotNot both為部分否定，意為“并非兩個都”。其完全否定為Neither of the意為“ 兩個都不”。,6,4. all意為“三個(含)以上都”，接并列主語，接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或用于all of the 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)結構。接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時，意為“整個/所有的都”。 AllnotNot all為部分否定，意為“并非全都”。其完全否定為None of the意為“所有的都不”。,選用上述不定代詞填空，體會其含義 1. Some people think pla

9、ying computer games benefits children a lot while _hold the opposite view. 2. Can I help you? This radio doesnt work. Please show me _.,others,another,3. I am just familiar with one of the two visitors to our school._ is strange to me. 4. Helping _ people in danger is a good virtue. 5. Have you fini

10、shed delivering the 108 letters of invitation? Not yet. I have just delivered 60 of them and I am to deliver_ this afternoon.,other,The other,the others,7,1. Some； others意為“一些另一些”，為固定句型，其中的“另一些(others)”為不確定對象。 2. another即可以單獨作代詞使用，也可接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示“多者中的另一個”，也是不確定對象； 3. the other單獨使用，也可接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，只能指兩者中的另一個，

11、為確定對象；,7,4. other 只能作形容詞，不可單獨使用，后須接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，相當于others； 5. the others單獨使用或接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，表一定范圍中排除若干對象后剩下的其他人或物，為確定對象。,指出各個句子中it的用法 1. My bike is missing. I cant find it anywhere. 我的自行車不見了，我哪兒也找不著。,it代物(my bike),2. Whos that? It is Professor Li. 誰啊？ (我)是李教授。,it代不明身份的人。,3. My hostess had a baby last night. It w

12、eighed 4kg. 我房東昨晚生了個小孩，那小孩生下來有4公斤重。,it代不明性別的嬰兒。,4. The boys are drinking CocaCola after sports and it is often the case. 這些男孩運動后在喝可口可樂，而且一般情況下都是這樣。,it代事件。,5. It is four years since I was sales manager. 我不做銷售經(jīng)理有4年了。,it代時間。,6. Its a long way from Beijing to Washington. 從北京到華盛頓很遠。,it代距離。,7. It is said

13、to be cloudy tomorrow. 據(jù)說明天多云。,it代天氣。,8. It will do you good to do some exercise every morning. 每天早上鍛煉對你有好處。,it代不定式短語，作形式主語。,9. We think it our duty to pay taxes to our government. 我們認為向政府納稅是我們應盡的責任。,it代不定式短語，作形式賓語。,10. Its no use crying over the spilt milk. 不要為打翻的牛奶哭泣(過去的就讓它過去吧)。,it代動名詞短語，作形式主語。,11

14、.We found it a waste of time just waiting for rescue. 我們感覺坐等救援徒耗時間。,it代動名詞短語，作形式賓語。,12.Its widely accepted that Chinese parents tend to expect too much from their children. 人們普遍認為中國父母傾向于望子成龍。,it代that從句，作形式主語。,13. The locals make it a rule that those who cant drink are considered unfriendly. 當?shù)厝硕ㄏ乱?guī)矩認為不能喝酒的人是不友好的。,it代that從句，作形式賓語。,14.It is attitude that counts. 態(tài)度決定一切。,it無實際意義，為強調(diào)句型結構用詞,15.Put your heart into what you are struggling for and youll make it. 全心投入你奮斗的事業(yè)中，你一定會成功。,it無明確指代，為固定短語組成部分。,it用法可以歸納為三點： 1.純粹指代(見例句17)意義； 2.平衡句式指代(見例句813)； 3.固定搭配非指代(見例句1415)。,8,