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1、八年級上冊Unit 3Section A Page 171. 兩個事物進行比較可以用形容詞或副詞的比較級表達:(1) A + be+ 形容詞比較級+ than +B (A比B更 ) Jane is taller than Kate. (2) A + 動詞+ 副詞比較級+ than +B (A比B更 ) Jane runs faster than Kate.2. 形容詞的比較級的構(gòu)成。(1) 比較級一般在形容詞后加_, 如:talltaller, shortshorter, oldolder (2)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,應該_, 如:funnyfunnier, heavyheavier.
2、 單音節(jié)詞除外,如: shy shyer(3)如果只有一個元音字母,并且后有一個輔音字母結(jié)尾,應該_, 如:bigbigger, thinthinner (4)多音節(jié)詞的比較級,應該_, 如:outgoingmore outgoing, beautifulmore beautiful(5)不規(guī)則詞的變化需要死記: good/well-_; bad/ill-_, many/much-_; little-_; far-_3. (1) both.and. 表“兩者都”,連接兩個主語時視為復數(shù)。如:Both you or I _ right. ( be ) 你和我都是對的 (2) either.or表
3、“要么要么”,連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞遵守就近原則。如: Either you or I _ right. ( be ) 要么你要么我是對的4. both表“兩者都”,all表“多者都” 題:_ of my parents are teachers. We are _ in China. 5. play the drums 打鼓 (樂器前要加the,drum要用復數(shù),架子鼓不止一個)6. heavy (1)重的 (2) 胖的,同義詞為fat,反義詞為thin.7. 反義疑問句:前面是陳述句,用來表達自己的觀點,后面反問對方以證實自己的觀點?;疽?guī)律為前肯后否,前否后肯。后面的附加疑問句的構(gòu)成與
4、改一般疑問句的方法相同。如: He isnt a teacher, _ ? She can dance, _ ? He likes English, _? (1)反義疑問句的回答根據(jù)事實用Yes或No來回答,但前否后肯的很容易出錯,可改成一般疑問句或前肯后否再作回答。如; He cant sing, _ ? ( 如果他能,怎么回答)- _ (2) this, that 和表物的不定代詞做主語,用it代替;表人的不定代詞用they來代替。 Something is wrong, _ ? Everyone likes English, _ ?(3)反意疑問句的陳述部分帶有l(wèi)ittle, few,
5、never, hardly, seldom等否定意義的詞時,問句部分用肯定式。如: There is litter water in the cup , _ ?(4)反意疑問句的陳述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞語時,陳述部分要視為肯定含義,問句部分用否定形式。如: Your father is unhappy, _ ? (5)反意疑問句的陳述部分為I dont think+ that從句時,從句為否定意義,問句部分的動詞和主語仍與that從句保持一致且用肯定式。如: I dont think that you can do it, _? (不用d
6、o I?) (6)陳述部分為Lets時,因為此句型用來提建議,所以問句部分習慣上用shall we?如: Lets go home together, shall we? (7)陳述部分為Let us時,問句部分習慣上用will you?形式。如: Let us stop to rest, will you?(8)陳述部分為祈使句,問句部分可以用will you和wont you。 Please open the window, wont you? (肯定祈使句有時也可以用will you?提問)Dont make any noise, will you? (否定祈使句只能用will you
7、?)Section A Page 181. 形容詞和副詞 (1)形容詞常譯為“.的”。常放名詞前,修飾名詞,如:a good boy 也可以放系動詞后做表語,用來描述主語是怎么樣的。如:The boy is good. (2)副詞常譯為“地”。 常放動詞后,修飾動詞,表“怎樣地做某事”,很多副詞以ly結(jié)尾,如 do well;run fast;get up early;talk loudly;speak quietly.2. 以ly結(jié)尾的副詞和形容詞,一般前面加more 構(gòu)成比較級,但early和friendly 例外。如: loudly more loudly,quietly more qu
8、ietly,early earlier,friendly friendlier3. 同級比較:表兩事物是一樣的,形容詞和副詞用原形。(1)A +be +as +形容詞原形 + as +B ( A和B是一樣地) Jane is as tall as Kate. (2)A +動詞+as +副詞原形 + as +B ( A和B做某事一樣地) Tara works as hard as Tina. (3) not asas = not soas表“不如.”, 常可以與比較級轉(zhuǎn)換。如: Jane is not as/so tall as Kate. (Jane不如Kate高。) = Kate is ta
9、ller than Jane. (Kate比Jane更高)3. the singing competition 唱歌比賽4. fantastic = great 好極了的 It was fantastic/ great5. Which 用來問“哪一個”,回答常用“The + 名詞+描述性短語”,如: _ one was Lisa ? - The one with shorter hair. ( A. Who B. Which C. What )6. win ( won )贏,后接比賽、名詞、獎品做賓語,如: He won the game. He won the first place.7.
10、不定式可以放be 動詞后做表語,表“.是去做某事”,如 The most important thing is to learn something new. 最重要的事是去學新的東西。 Their dream is _ a bridge. ( have ) My job was _ chickens. (feed)8. learn something new 學習新的東西 (形容詞放不定代詞后)9. have fun = enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得開心,過得愉快 have fun doing sth. 在做某事中過得愉快 We have fun _
11、 English. ( learn )Section A Page 191. 比較級的幾種特殊用法:(1) “比較級 + and + 比較級”或“more and more +多音節(jié)詞”表示“越來越” 如: warmer and warmer more and more beautiful. (2) “the +比較級+句子, the+比較級+句子”,表示“越,越”。 The more we get together, the happier well be. 我們越多的在一起,我們就越快樂。(3) 修飾比較級的詞有:a little, much, a lot, rather, even等,不
12、能用very修飾比較級He is _ taller than me. ( A. a few B. a little C. very D. many )(4) 兩個相同對象進行比較,為了避免重復,常用that來代替前面的單數(shù)比較對象,用those來代替前面的復數(shù)比較對象。The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Hubei. (that=the weather) The trees are greener in the country are much greener than _in the city. (5) less與more 的
13、轉(zhuǎn)換:Math is less interesting than English. (趣味性更少些)= English is _interesting than math.(6) 在比較級中,the other 后接復數(shù)名詞,表“其它的一些”;any other 后接單數(shù)名詞,表“任何其它的一個”。如: Im louder than the other _ in my class. (kid) Im taller than any other _ in my class. (student)(7) the + 比較級+of the two. (the用來特指“比較的那一個”) He is _
14、_ of the two. ( tall )2. hard-working勤奮的; work hard 努力地工作;hard work 辛苦的工作 He is_, he has to do some _,but he _. Section B Page 201. be talented in 在某方面有天賦 She is talented in music.2. do the same things as me 跟我做相同的事3. true形容詞,真實的;truly副詞,真地,truth名詞,事實 Thats_. He _ cares about me. Tell me the _.單靠“死”
15、記還不行,還得“活”用,姑且稱之為“先死后活”吧。讓學生把一周看到或聽到的新鮮事記下來,摒棄那些假話套話空話,寫出自己的真情實感,篇幅可長可短,并要求運用積累的成語、名言警句等,定期檢查點評,選擇優(yōu)秀篇目在班里朗讀或展出。這樣,即鞏固了所學的材料,又鍛煉了學生的寫作能力,同時還培養(yǎng)了學生的觀察能力、思維能力等等,達到“一石多鳥”的效果。4. care about 關(guān)心,在乎 Nobody cares about me. take care of = care for = look after 照顧 I can take care of myself.5. 使令動詞有:make, let, ha
16、ve,它們都可以表“使、讓某人做某事”,使令動詞后接動詞原形,即:make/ let/ have sb do sth. 如: It makes me _ . (laugh) Let me _ you. (help) He had her _ there. ( go )6. laugh at 嘲笑某人 Its not good to laugh at others. Section B Page 211. be like 像;look like 看起來像(強調(diào)外表) The teacher _ my mother to me. 2. be serious about 對是嚴肅認真的 Im ser
17、ious about that.3. do sth. together 一起做某事 We enjoy studying together.4. 句型:Its + 形容詞+ (for sb.)+ to do sth. 表“(對于某人來說)去做某事是的”。 Its not easy for me _friends. ( make) Its not necessary to be the same. 【總結(jié)】it是形式主語,它代替后面的不定式短語。5. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友 I want to make friends with you.6. as long as
18、 只要 As long as you study hard, youll get good grades.7. be the same as “與一樣”,be similar to “與相似”,be different from “與不同” 題:His eating habits arent the same as mine. = Her eating habits are mine.8. bring out the best in me 我最好的方面表現(xiàn)出來9. be/get good at 擅長,be better at 更擅長,get better at 變得更擅長 Im getting
19、 better at tennis. (我正慢慢變得更擅長網(wǎng)球)10. get good grades 取得好成績, get better grades 取得更好的成績11. should表“應該”,是一個情態(tài)動詞,所以后接動詞原形。He should _ hard. (study)12. in fact 事實上 In fact, shes funnier than anyone I know.13. talk with/ to 和某人交談;talk about 談?wù)摚籺alk with sb. about sth. 和某人談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)某事物14. share sth. with sb. 和某人分
20、享某物 I want to share my happiness with you. 宋以后,京師所設(shè)小學館和武學堂中的教師稱謂皆稱之為“教諭”。至元明清之縣學一律循之不變。明朝入選翰林院的進士之師稱“教習”。到清末,學堂興起,各科教師仍沿用“教習”一稱。其實“教諭”在明清時還有學官一意,即主管縣一級的教育生員。而相應府和州掌管教育生員者則謂“教授”和“學正”。“教授”“學正”和“教諭”的副手一律稱“訓導”。于民間,特別是漢代以后,對于在“?!被颉皩W”中傳授經(jīng)學者也稱為“經(jīng)師”。在一些特定的講學場合,比如書院、皇室,也稱教師為“院長、西席、講席”等。Section B Page 241. pr
21、imary school students 小學生語文課本中的文章都是精選的比較優(yōu)秀的文章,還有不少名家名篇。如果有選擇循序漸進地讓學生背誦一些優(yōu)秀篇目、精彩段落,對提高學生的水平會大有裨益?,F(xiàn)在,不少語文教師在分析課文時,把文章解體的支離破碎,總在文章的技巧方面下功夫。結(jié)果教師費勁,學生頭疼。分析完之后,學生收效甚微,沒過幾天便忘的一干二凈。造成這種事倍功半的尷尬局面的關(guān)鍵就是對文章讀的不熟。常言道“書讀百遍,其義自見”,如果有目的、有計劃地引導學生反復閱讀課文,或細讀、默讀、跳讀,或聽讀、范讀、輪讀、分角色朗讀,學生便可以在讀中自然領(lǐng)悟文章的思想內(nèi)容和寫作技巧,可以在讀中自然加強語感,增強
22、語言的感受力。久而久之,這種思想內(nèi)容、寫作技巧和語感就會自然滲透到學生的語言意識之中,就會在寫作中自覺不自覺地加以運用、創(chuàng)造和發(fā)展。2. 四個good 短語:be good with 和某人相處好,善于處理; be good for 對有好處; be good at 擅長;be good to = be friendly to 對某人很好要練說,得練聽。聽是說的前提,聽得準確,才有條件正確模仿,才能不斷地掌握高一級水平的語言。我在教學中,注意聽說結(jié)合,訓練幼兒聽的能力,課堂上,我特別重視教師的語言,我對幼兒說話,注意聲音清楚,高低起伏,抑揚有致,富有吸引力,這樣能引起幼兒的注意。當我發(fā)現(xiàn)有的幼兒不專心聽別人發(fā)言時,就隨時表揚那些靜聽的幼兒,或是讓他重復別人說過的內(nèi)容,抓住教育時機,要求他們專心聽,用心記。平時我還通過各種趣味活動,培養(yǎng)幼兒邊聽邊記,邊聽邊想,邊聽邊說的能力,如聽詞對詞,聽詞句說意思,聽句子辯正誤,聽故事講述故事,聽謎語猜謎底,聽智力故事,動腦筋,出主意,聽兒歌上句,接兒歌下句等,這樣幼兒學得生動活潑,輕松愉快,既訓練了聽的能力,強化了記憶,又發(fā)展了思維,為說打下了基礎(chǔ)。3. information 表“信息”,是不可數(shù)名詞。 Call the English Study Center for more _. ( information )第 4 頁