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1、 2015高考英語(yǔ)倒裝句考點(diǎn)歸納與試題解析 英語(yǔ)中的倒裝句指的是主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)位置顛倒的情況，根據(jù)其倒裝形式又可分為部分倒裝和全部倒裝兩種形式。在歷年的上海高考中，倒裝句都是其考查的重點(diǎn)。 考點(diǎn)一. 強(qiáng)調(diào)否定狀語(yǔ)的倒裝句。否定意義的副詞或連詞置于句首引起的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這類(lèi)狀語(yǔ)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely….when…, no sooner…than…, not only…but also…, not until, nowhere, neith

2、er…nor…等。 例1. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means____ with my progress. A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied 解析：by no means意思是“決不，在任何情況下都不”，放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝。故正確答案為D。 例2.──Did Linda see t

3、he traffic accident? ──No, no sooner____ than it happened. A. had she gong B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone 解析：no sooner……than意為“一……就……”，no sooner所在的主句常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，no表示否定意義。故正確答案為A。 注意： not only…but(also)…連接兩個(gè)并列分句且包含否定意義的not only放于句首時(shí)， not only后的分句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝, but (also)

4、后的分句不進(jìn)行倒裝。 例3. Not only____ interested in football but ____ beginning to show an interest in it. A. the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students ar

5、e 解析：not only位于句首，其后句子用部分倒裝的形式，而but also后的句子語(yǔ)序不倒裝。故正確答案為D。 PS. 當(dāng)Not until引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。 Not until his mother came back did he go to bed. 考點(diǎn)二. Only+狀語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí),主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。 例4. Only then____ how much damage had been caused? A. she realized B. she had realized C. had s

6、he realized D. did she realize 解析：only位于句首修飾狀語(yǔ)then，全句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝， 由then又知道此時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故正確答案為D。 考點(diǎn)三. 作狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)放于句首時(shí)引起的句子要全部倒裝。有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)將作狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首，而將主語(yǔ)放到句末；或者當(dāng)句子中主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，為了使句子平衡，常以作狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭。 例5. At the foot of the mountain____. A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. l

7、ying a village 解析：介詞短語(yǔ)at the foot of the mountain位于句首，句子用全部倒裝，其時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故正確答案為B。 例6. Just in front of our house____ with a history of 1,000 years. A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall tree C. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands 解析：介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首，句子用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故正確答案為B。 考點(diǎn)四. so/such

8、…that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的so, such連同它所修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí), 主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。 例7. So difficult____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found 解析: so位于句首且so修飾difficult, 主句部分進(jìn)行部分倒裝，整句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故正確答案為B。 考點(diǎn)五. so／neither／nor表示前面所說(shuō)的

9、情況也適合于后者時(shí)用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) “so／neither／nor＋助動(dòng)詞／系動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”（so表示肯定意義，neither／nor表示否定意義）的形式。 例8. ──It’s burning hot today, isn’t it? ──Yes. ____ yesterday. A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it 解析: so在這里表示昨天的天氣情況也跟今天的一樣。故正確答案為A。 例9. —I would never come to this restauran

10、t again. The food is terrible. — ____. A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I 解析: 前句表示否定, 則后句也應(yīng)表示否定, 根據(jù)上一句的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,第二句中也應(yīng)該用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would。故正確答案為B。 注意，如果so表示強(qiáng)調(diào)， 即強(qiáng)調(diào)前面所說(shuō)的情況的真實(shí)性時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)則是“so＋主語(yǔ)＋助動(dòng)詞／系動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”的形式，這里的主語(yǔ)同前一個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)指的是同一人或物。如： 例10. ──Well，I do think the ra

11、bbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. (0 ──_____. A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does 解析：肯定前一句話中的賓語(yǔ)從句 “the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal”, so引導(dǎo)的句子不進(jìn)行倒裝，而且so引導(dǎo)的句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與該賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相一致。故正確答案為A。 考點(diǎn)六. As/though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。即as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從

12、句中必須將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前），構(gòu)成“形容詞/副詞/名詞/動(dòng)詞/分詞+as/though+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)的其它部分”的形式。 例11.______, he talks a lot about his favorites singers after class. A.????? A quiet student as he may be B.????? Quiet student as he may be C.????? Be a quiet student as he may be D.???? Quiet as he may be a student 解

13、析：整個(gè)表語(yǔ)部分quiet student提在as之前 并且名詞student前的冠詞a要省略。故正確答案為B。 例12. ______, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. A.????? As long as I have traveled B.????? Now that I have traveled so much C.????? Much as I have traveled D.???? As I have traveled so much 解析：本題中從句與主句之間存在明顯的讓步關(guān) 系，故需要選擇

14、由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，并且要將副詞much提前進(jìn)行倒裝。故正確答案為C。 使用as/though進(jìn)行倒裝時(shí)需要注意的是： ①句首有名詞時(shí)，名詞不能帶任何冠詞。 　?、诰涫资菍?shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其他助動(dòng)詞則放在主語(yǔ)之后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，則賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。如: Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。 （理解即可）考點(diǎn)七. 非真實(shí)條件句中的倒裝。即在非真實(shí)條件句中含有were, had, should等助動(dòng)詞

15、時(shí)，可以將if省略，把助動(dòng)詞放在非真實(shí)條件句的句首的倒裝形式。 例13._______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 解析：該句中條件句為非真實(shí)條件句，省略if且表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反。故正確答案為B。 例14. ______ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see the f

16、ilm. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not 解析：該條件句中省略if, 且表達(dá)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。故正確答案為C。 PS. 兩種常見(jiàn)的全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞置于句首，謂語(yǔ)表

17、示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。 Out rushed a little child. In came a teacher. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞，如果主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞則不能完全倒裝。 Here he comes.　　　　 Away they went. 隨堂小練習(xí)： 1. _____can you expect to get a pay rise. a. With hard work b. Although work hard c. Only with hard work

18、 d. Now that he works hard 2. ____, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. a. However late is he b. However he is late c. However is he late d. However late he is 3. Not until all the fish died in the river, _____ how serious the pollution was. a. did

19、 the villagers realize b. the villagers realized c. the villagers did realize d. didn’t the villagers realize 4. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted. a. didn’t realize b. did I realize c. I didn’t realize d. I realized 5.—Do you know Jim quarre

20、l with his brother? —I don’t know, _______. a. nor don’t I care b. nor do I care c. I don’t care neither d. I don’t care also 6. Only by practicing a few hours every day _____ be able to waste much time. a. you can b. can you c. you will d. will you

21、 7. Not until the early years of the19th century _____ what heat is. a. man did know b. man knew c. didn’t man know d. did man know 8. _____got into the room, _____ the telephone rang. a. He hardly; then b. Hardly had he; when c. He had not; th

22、an d. Not had he; when 9. ______ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. a. Not only they brought b. Not only did they bring c. Not only brought they d. Not only they did bring 10.—I don’t think I can walk a

23、ny further. / —_____, let’s stop here for a rest. a. Neither can i b. neither do I c. I didn’t think so d. I think so 11. Only in this way ______ do it well. a. must we b. we could c. can we d. we can 12. Hardly ____ when it began to rain. a. had he arrived

24、 b. arrived he c. he had arrived d. did he arrive 13. Jack is a student and studies at the no. 2 middle school. _____. a. it was the same with mike b. so it is with mike c. so is mike d. so does mike 14. ______, I would have given yo

25、u his address. a. if you asked me b. you had asked me c. should you have asked me d. had you asked me 15. _____ that they had made an important discovery in science. a. Little they realized b. They had realized little c. Little did they realize d. Little had they real

26、ized 16. ______ that I couldn’t be absorbed in the work. a. They made such talked b. So loudly they talked c. It was noise outside d. Such a loud noise did they make 17. Many a time _____ me good advice. a. he gave b. does he give c. he has given d. has he

27、given 18. ____ have I seen a better performance. a. everywhere b. nowhere else c. everywhere else d. nowhere 19. Not a single word ____ at the beginning. a. did he say b. has he said c. he said d. he has said 20. Only in an hour ago ____ out why he was absent. a. did the

28、 teacher found b. the teacher found c. did the teacher find d. had the teacher found 21. _____the plane. a. Flew down b. Down flew c. Down was flying d. Down fly 22. Hardly _____ when the bus suddenly pulled away. a. they had got to the bus stop b. they

29、 got to the bus stop c. did they get to the bus stop d. had they got to the bus stop 23. Not only ______ a promise ,but he also kept it. a. had he made b. he had made c. did he make d. he makes 24. There ____ . a. come they b. they come c. they ar

30、e come d. they will come 25. ______ that he could not speak for a long time. a. So frightened was he b. So frightened he was c. Was he so frightened d. Frightened was he 26. Only when class began ______ that he had left his book at home. a. will he realize b.

31、he did realize c. did he realize d. should he realize 27. Only when you have finished your homework _____ go home. a. can you b. would you c. you will d. you can 28. Seldom ____ any mistakes during my past few years of working here. a. would I make b. did I make c.

32、 I did make d. shall I make 小翻譯： 1.他不僅許了諾，而且也守了諾。( Not only…) 2.我一輩子沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)也沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這樣的東西。( Never) 3.在地上躺著一個(gè)不到十歲的男孩子,受了重傷。 4.墻上掛著一幅中國(guó)地圖。 5.他變化如此大以致我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出來(lái)了。(So) 6.直到回到家里我才發(fā)現(xiàn)到錢(qián)包丟了。(Not until) 7.你想見(jiàn)的那個(gè)女孩子來(lái)啦！(Here) 8.我不想認(rèn)識(shí)他，也不想了解他的一些情況。(neither/nor) 9.只有當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束，那個(gè)年輕的士兵才回到了自己的家鄉(xiāng)。(Only) 10.――湯姆最近取得了很大的進(jìn)步。 ――是啊，確實(shí)如此。你也是喲。(so) 6