湖南省高考英語二輪 三輪復習 模塊3完型填空課件 新人教版
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1、模塊模塊 3 3完形填空第二節(jié)完形填空第二節(jié) 考綱解讀模塊模塊 3 3 考綱解讀考綱解讀 “ “湖南高考說明湖南高考說明”就此節(jié)的措辭是:就此節(jié)的措辭是:“本節(jié)要求考生本節(jié)要求考生根據(jù)上下文,在每個空格處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~。短文補根據(jù)上下文,在每個空格處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~。短文補足后,要求意思通順、前后連貫、結構完整。本節(jié)側(cè)重考足后,要求意思通順、前后連貫、結構完整。本節(jié)側(cè)重考查考生的語感以及語言的銜接、連貫、結構等語言知識運查考生的語感以及語言的銜接、連貫、結構等語言知識運用的能力。用的能力?!狈治龃舜朕o可以得知:分析此措辭可以得知: 1 1從考查的內(nèi)容看,從考查的內(nèi)容看, 除考查詞匯外,除
2、考查詞匯外, 還考查功能還考查功能語法,即側(cè)重于考查英語詞匯在篇章中的交際功能。從而語法,即側(cè)重于考查英語詞匯在篇章中的交際功能。從而要求考生具有一定的語言知識實際運用能力。具體地說,要求考生具有一定的語言知識實際運用能力。具體地說,要求考生具備:要求考生具備:模塊模塊 3 3 考綱解讀考綱解讀 (1)(1)閱讀與理解語篇的能力。閱讀與理解語篇的能力。 (2) (2)分析句子結構的能力。學生應學會正確分析句分析句子結構的能力。學生應學會正確分析句子結構,能抓住句子主干的同時,還要能區(qū)分主從句的子結構,能抓住句子主干的同時,還要能區(qū)分主從句的層次。層次。 (3) (3)熟練運用語法的能力。熟練運
3、用語法的能力。 2 2從題型的形式看,從題型的形式看, 只給出空缺,只給出空缺, 沒有選項,沒有選項, 要求學生根據(jù)語境和自身已有的語法與詞匯知識來填空,要求學生根據(jù)語境和自身已有的語法與詞匯知識來填空, 這對學生的語言知識的提取和運用提出了更高的要求。這對學生的語言知識的提取和運用提出了更高的要求。 命題分析模塊模塊 3 3 命題分析命題分析 命題特點命題特點 完形填空第二節(jié)為語篇填空題,要求閱讀一篇完形填空第二節(jié)為語篇填空題,要求閱讀一篇150240150240詞詞的小短文,根據(jù)上下文在不給出任何提示的前提下填入適當?shù)牡男《涛?,根?jù)上下文在不給出任何提示的前提下填入適當?shù)膯卧~。短文體裁靈活
4、多樣,有記敘文、議論文、說明文和應用單詞。短文體裁靈活多樣,有記敘文、議論文、說明文和應用文等。其考查內(nèi)容非常廣泛,主要考查點為:文等。其考查內(nèi)容非常廣泛,主要考查點為:(1)(1)考查學生對考查學生對語篇和邏輯關系的把握情況,主要是形容詞、副詞、連詞、冠語篇和邏輯關系的把握情況,主要是形容詞、副詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞、介詞等功能詞匯;詞、代詞、介詞等功能詞匯;(2)(2)考查學生對習語、短語詞組考查學生對習語、短語詞組或常見句式掌握的熟練程度。原文通常只給出習語、句式或短或常見句式掌握的熟練程度。原文通常只給出習語、句式或短語的一部分,檢驗學生在句子中能否識別出這個短語、句式或語的一部分,檢驗
5、學生在句子中能否識別出這個短語、句式或習語;習語;(3)(3)考查學生對詞義的推斷能力和常識判斷能力。這方考查學生對詞義的推斷能力和常識判斷能力。這方面主要涉及實詞,如名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞等。要求通過面主要涉及實詞,如名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞等。要求通過分析上下文語境來判斷語意和詞匯形式??偟膩碚f,此題考查分析上下文語境來判斷語意和詞匯形式。總的來說,此題考查偏重虛詞偏重虛詞( (以介詞、冠詞、連詞為主以介詞、冠詞、連詞為主) ),而輕實詞。,而輕實詞。應試點睛模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 在做完形填空第二節(jié)的時候,在做完形填空第二節(jié)的時候, 學生不但應該通篇考學生不但應該通篇考慮,
6、慮, 掌握文章的內(nèi)容和主題,掌握文章的內(nèi)容和主題, 而且還應該合理地運用而且還應該合理地運用已學的語法知識得出正確的結論。總的來說,解答策略已學的語法知識得出正確的結論??偟膩碚f,解答策略有有“四法四法”,即:,即: 一、章法一、章法 模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 指根據(jù)短文的不同文體來理解文章大概意思,為進一指根據(jù)短文的不同文體來理解文章大概意思,為進一步確定用詞掃清閱讀障礙。如議論文有論點、論據(jù)和論證;步確定用詞掃清閱讀障礙。如議論文有論點、論據(jù)和論證;記敘文要抓住時間、地點、人物和事件發(fā)生的順序等。當記敘文要抓住時間、地點、人物和事件發(fā)生的順序等。當然章法也涉及詞的用法,如說明文常
7、使用然章法也涉及詞的用法,如說明文常使用firstlyfirstly,secondlysecondly,thirdlythirdly等表示舉例的詞匯;記敘文常有等表示舉例的詞匯;記敘文常有whenwhen,whowho,wherewhere,howhow,whywhy。不同的文體有不同的行文風格和。不同的文體有不同的行文風格和表達方式,這就是章法特征。表達方式,這就是章法特征。模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 二、句法二、句法 指從句子結構的角度來確定填空思路。例如:指從句子結構的角度來確定填空思路。例如:Humans Humans are responsible for causing c
8、hanges in the are responsible for causing changes in the environment _ hurt animals and species. environment _ hurt animals and species. 分分析句子結構可知該空引導定語從句修飾析句子結構可知該空引導定語從句修飾changeschanges,且在從,且在從句中作主語,由此可推斷此處填句中作主語,由此可推斷此處填whichwhich或或thatthat。 三、詞法三、詞法 是從詞性的角度來分析詞語與詞語、詞語與句子成分是從詞性的角度來分析詞語與詞語、詞語與句子成分
9、的關聯(lián)性,從而確定填空思路的一種方法。的關聯(lián)性,從而確定填空思路的一種方法。模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 四、慣用法四、慣用法 是從詞語搭配的角度來決定答案。例如:是從詞語搭配的角度來決定答案。例如:More and More and more people have begun to realize the effect of more people have begun to realize the effect of global warm _ the environment. global warm _ the environment. 根據(jù)固定搭根據(jù)固定搭配配“have an
10、effect on sth”have an effect on sth”可判斷該空填可判斷該空填onon。 為了提高答題的準確率,在運用以上為了提高答題的準確率,在運用以上“四法四法”的過的過程中,具體要注意如下幾點:程中,具體要注意如下幾點:模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 1 1根據(jù)語法知識進行填充根據(jù)語法知識進行填充 【典例典例1 1】 There once were a goat and a There once were a goat and a donkeydonkeySo the farmer killed _ goat and So the farmer killed _ g
11、oat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 【解析解析】 該空后的該空后的goatgoat在文中第二次提到,特指在文中第二次提到,特指上文提到的上文提到的goatgoat,故該空填定冠詞,故該空填定冠詞thethe。 【典例典例2 2】 But nothing changed until midterm, But nothing changed until midterm, _ Mary Anne, a student teacher, w
12、as _ Mary Anne, a student teacher, was appointed to our class.appointed to our class. 【解析解析】 該空填該空填whenwhen引導定語從句,修飾引導定語從句,修飾midtermmidterm。模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 【典例典例3 3】 In short, I believe that it is In short, I believe that it is _ great use to keep a diary in English_ great use to keep a diary in E
13、nglish 【解析解析】 根據(jù)慣用搭配根據(jù)慣用搭配“be of be of 抽象名詞抽象名詞”可判斷可判斷該空填該空填ofof。 【典例典例4 4】 One of the _ gift choices I One of the _ gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, ever made was for my high school English teacher, which made him very unhappy.which made him very unhappy.模塊模塊 3 3 應試點
14、睛應試點睛 【解析解析】 該空根據(jù)該空根據(jù)“which made him very unhappy”which made him very unhappy”可推斷此處應指不好的禮物,但不宜填可推斷此處應指不好的禮物,但不宜填badbad,而應根據(jù),而應根據(jù)“I I ever made”ever made”判斷填其最高級判斷填其最高級worstworst。 【典例典例5 5】 animals and plants are disappearing animals and plants are disappearing many times faster _ they have in the pa
15、st 65 many times faster _ they have in the past 65 million years. million years. 【解析解析】 根據(jù)比較級的構成可知該空填根據(jù)比較級的構成可知該空填thanthan。模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 2 2根據(jù)前后邏輯關系進行填充根據(jù)前后邏輯關系進行填充 【典例典例1 1】 _ there was no man to see any _ there was no man to see any of the flights, we can be told by the animals of the flights,
16、 we can be told by the animals footprints that fight did take place.footprints that fight did take place. 【解析解析】 根據(jù)前后句的讓步轉(zhuǎn)折關系,判斷該空填根據(jù)前后句的讓步轉(zhuǎn)折關系,判斷該空填Though/AlthoughThough/Although。 【典例典例2 2】 Were all born with exceptional Were all born with exceptional qualities, _ only a few really realize their qu
17、alities, _ only a few really realize their true potentials and make efforts in life and the true potentials and make efforts in life and the others just lead an average life.others just lead an average life. 【解析解析】 根據(jù)前后句意的轉(zhuǎn)折關系判斷該空填根據(jù)前后句意的轉(zhuǎn)折關系判斷該空填butbut。模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 3 3根據(jù)語篇標志進行填充根據(jù)語篇標志進行填充 語篇是指
18、比單個句子長的語言單位語篇是指比單個句子長的語言單位( (句群、段落、句群、段落、篇章等篇章等) )。語篇間往往有標明內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞,我們稱這。語篇間往往有標明內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞,我們稱這些詞為些詞為“語篇標志詞語篇標志詞”。如表示結構層次的有。如表示結構層次的有first, first, second, third, finallysecond, third, finally等;表示邏輯關系的有等;表示邏輯關系的有thusthus,thereforetherefore,soso等;表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系或變換話題的有等;表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系或變換話題的有however, but, by the wayhowever,
19、 but, by the way等。等。“語篇標志詞語篇標志詞”對迅速對迅速理清文章的脈絡,弄清上下文關系很有幫助。理清文章的脈絡,弄清上下文關系很有幫助。模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 【典例典例】 Success is nothing more than a few Success is nothing more than a few simple disciplines practiced daily and _ simple disciplines practiced daily and _ is nothing more than a few small errors repea
20、ted is nothing more than a few small errors repeated daily.daily. 【解析解析】 根據(jù)句中根據(jù)句中andand所表示的并列關系可知該空所表示的并列關系可知該空與與successsuccess相對應,故該空填相對應,故該空填failurefailure。 模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 4.4.根據(jù)上下文語境進行填充根據(jù)上下文語境進行填充 【典例典例】 Later, I seemed to hear faraway voices Later, I seemed to hear faraway voices saying that
21、 my right _was broken. I almost saying that my right _was broken. I almost burst into tears. How would I ever play the piano burst into tears. How would I ever play the piano again?again? 【解析解析】 根據(jù)下文根據(jù)下文“How would I ever play the How would I ever play the piano againpiano again?”可判斷我所受傷的部位是用來彈鋼琴的,可判
22、斷我所受傷的部位是用來彈鋼琴的,由此判斷該空填由此判斷該空填handhand。模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 5 5根據(jù)生活常識進行填充根據(jù)生活常識進行填充 【典例典例】 After some time, my mother arrived at After some time, my mother arrived at the hospital, her face as _as a sheet, and the hospital, her face as _as a sheet, and gave me a hug. Only then did the doctor begin to g
23、ave me a hug. Only then did the doctor begin to stitch(stitch(縫合縫合) my head wound.) my head wound. 【解析解析】 根據(jù)后一句可知,我是因傷在醫(yī)院需動手術;根據(jù)后一句可知,我是因傷在醫(yī)院需動手術;由生活常識可知,動手術前自然害怕,害怕的人自然會臉由生活常識可知,動手術前自然害怕,害怕的人自然會臉色蒼白,而且生活中紙也常是白色的,由這些生活常識可色蒼白,而且生活中紙也常是白色的,由這些生活常識可判斷該空填判斷該空填whitewhite。模塊模塊 3 3 應試點睛應試點睛 6 6根據(jù)文化背景進行填充根據(jù)
24、文化背景進行填充 【典例典例】 After the flood Mr. Deng was as poor After the flood Mr. Deng was as poor as a church_.as a church_. 【解析解析】 這句話的意思是這句話的意思是“水災后鄧先生一貧如洗水災后鄧先生一貧如洗了了”。as poor as a church mouse(as poor as a church mouse(一貧如洗一貧如洗) ),所以此,所以此處填處填mousemouse。題型探究模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 探究點一實詞型填空探究點一實詞型填空 完形填空第二節(jié)在完形
25、填空第二節(jié)在8 8個空之中考查實詞運用常為個空之中考查實詞運用常為113 3空,常見為動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞和代詞。一般空,常見為動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞和代詞。一般來說,考查實詞之處頗具情景性,即與語境有關,要求來說,考查實詞之處頗具情景性,即與語境有關,要求根據(jù)上下文邏輯的發(fā)展關系進行推斷。因此,正確解答根據(jù)上下文邏輯的發(fā)展關系進行推斷。因此,正確解答實詞型,弄懂短文大意至關重要。實詞型,弄懂短文大意至關重要。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 正確解答實詞型填空,一要注意判斷詞性,即根據(jù)正確解答實詞型填空,一要注意判斷詞性,即根據(jù)句子的結構和功能,判斷是用形容詞還是副詞;用動詞句子的結
26、構和功能,判斷是用形容詞還是副詞;用動詞還是名詞等。如果修飾名詞,前面多用形容詞或偶用名還是名詞等。如果修飾名詞,前面多用形容詞或偶用名詞或名詞所有格作定語;修飾動詞或整個句子通常用副詞或名詞所有格作定語;修飾動詞或整個句子通常用副詞;作謂語用動詞;作主語或賓語通常用名詞、代詞;詞;作謂語用動詞;作主語或賓語通常用名詞、代詞;作系動詞的表語通常用形容詞而不用副詞;作定語用形作系動詞的表語通常用形容詞而不用副詞;作定語用形容詞或相當于形容詞的短語或分句。二要注意判斷詞形。容詞或相當于形容詞的短語或分句。二要注意判斷詞形。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究即當確定所填的詞是名詞時,就要考慮是可數(shù)名
27、詞還是不即當確定所填的詞是名詞時,就要考慮是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞,是單數(shù)名詞還是復數(shù)名詞。形容詞要看是用原可數(shù)名詞,是單數(shù)名詞還是復數(shù)名詞。形容詞要看是用原級,還是比較級、最高級。如果填的是動詞,首先要判斷級,還是比較級、最高級。如果填的是動詞,首先要判斷是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞,謂語動詞就要考慮時態(tài)和語是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞,謂語動詞就要考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)、語氣等;非謂語動詞則要考慮是用現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分態(tài)、語氣等;非謂語動詞則要考慮是用現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞還是不定式形式,同時也要考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)問題。代詞詞還是不定式形式,同時也要考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)問題。代詞則要考慮用主格還是賓格等。則要考慮用主格還
28、是賓格等。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例1 1】 Well, its just a waste of time. Well, its just a waste of time. Teenagers playing the game spend so many hours on Teenagers playing the game spend so many hours on it that they cannot _ on their study.it that they cannot _ on their study. 【解析解析】 該空在句中作謂語,且置于情態(tài)動詞之后,該空
29、在句中作謂語,且置于情態(tài)動詞之后,由此判斷該空填動詞原形。根據(jù)語境可推斷該空填由此判斷該空填動詞原形。根據(jù)語境可推斷該空填focusfocus或或concentrateconcentrate。focus/concentrate onfocus/concentrate on意為意為“集中集中”。 【典例典例2 2】 When we look at it as a whole, we When we look at it as a whole, we begin to have some _begin to have some _, which even the best which even t
30、he best guidebooks do not answer. guidebooks do not answer. 模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【解析解析】 該空在句中作動詞該空在句中作動詞havehave的賓語且前面有形的賓語且前面有形容詞容詞somesome的修飾,由此判斷該空填名詞的復數(shù)形式。根的修飾,由此判斷該空填名詞的復數(shù)形式。根據(jù)空后的據(jù)空后的“do not answer”do not answer”可推斷該空填可推斷該空填questionsquestions。 【典例典例3 3】 China is _ than Japan in China is _ than Jap
31、an in size.size. 【解析解析】 該空在句中作該空在句中作isis的表語且后有介詞的表語且后有介詞thanthan,表兩者之間的比較,由此判斷該空填形容詞的比較級。表兩者之間的比較,由此判斷該空填形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)常識我們知道,中國在面積上比日本大,故該空填根據(jù)常識我們知道,中國在面積上比日本大,故該空填largerlarger。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例4 4】 And yes, if I see the blue flowers And yes, if I see the blue flowers again, you can bet Ill stop
32、and transplant again, you can bet Ill stop and transplant _ to my wildflower garden._ to my wildflower garden. 【解析解析】 該空在句中作動詞該空在句中作動詞transplanttransplant的賓語,應的賓語,應填名詞或代詞。如果填名詞,根據(jù)語境則應填填名詞或代詞。如果填名詞,根據(jù)語境則應填the blue the blue flowersflowers,但由于空中只能填一詞,故用人稱代詞賓格,但由于空中只能填一詞,故用人稱代詞賓格themthem填空,代替填空,代替the bl
33、ue flowersthe blue flowers。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 探究點二虛詞型填空探究點二虛詞型填空 完形填空第二節(jié)考查虛詞為主。在完形填空第二節(jié)考查虛詞為主。在8 8個空之中考查虛詞個空之中考查虛詞運用的情況多至運用的情況多至5757空,主要考查介詞、并列連詞、空,主要考查介詞、并列連詞、itit的的虛指用法、冠詞、從句引導詞虛指用法、冠詞、從句引導詞( (即名詞性從句、定語從句即名詞性從句、定語從句或狀語從句的引導詞或狀語從句的引導詞) )。答好虛詞型試題要求考生具有較。答好虛詞型試題要求考生具有較強的語境推理能力,扎實的語法基礎知識,豐富的詞匯及強的語境推理能力
34、,扎實的語法基礎知識,豐富的詞匯及句型搭配和較強的英語語感。句型搭配和較強的英語語感。 具體地說,解答虛詞型填空試題的常見技巧如下:具體地說,解答虛詞型填空試題的常見技巧如下:模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 1 1如果該空在句中并列連接兩個成分或句子,并如果該空在句中并列連接兩個成分或句子,并列連接兩個詞或短語,則用并列連詞。??疾榈牟⒘辛羞B接兩個詞或短語,則用并列連詞。??疾榈牟⒘羞B詞有:連詞有: (1) (1)表轉(zhuǎn)折、對比關系的并列連詞:表轉(zhuǎn)折、對比關系的并列連詞:but, while, but, while, whereaswhereas;表讓步轉(zhuǎn)折意義的副詞:;表讓步轉(zhuǎn)折意義的副詞
35、:nevertheless, nevertheless, however, thoughhowever, though,anywayanyway,anyhowanyhow,yetyet。 (2) (2)表因果關系的并列連詞:表因果關系的并列連詞:so, thusso, thus,for(for(因因為為) );表示因果意義的副詞:;表示因果意義的副詞:thereforetherefore。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 (3)(3)表選擇關系的并列連詞:表選擇關系的并列連詞:or(or(或者;否則或者;否則), ), eithereitheroror;表選擇意義的副詞:;表選擇意義的副詞:
36、otherwiseotherwise。 (4) (4)表并列關系的并列連詞:表并列關系的并列連詞:and, bothand, bothand, not and, not onlyonlybut also, as well as, neitherbut also, as well as, neithernornor。 (5) (5)表表“就在這時就在這時”的并列連詞:的并列連詞:whenwhen。 【典例典例1 1】 In some places women are expected In some places women are expected to earn money _ men wo
37、rk at home and to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children. raise their children. 模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【解析解析】 句意為:在一些地方,人們期望婦女掙錢而句意為:在一些地方,人們期望婦女掙錢而男士在家操持家務和撫養(yǎng)子女。前后兩句之間是對比關系,男士在家操持家務和撫養(yǎng)子女。前后兩句之間是對比關系,故填故填whilewhile。 【典例典例2 2】 He found it increasingly difficult to He found it increasingly
38、difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail.read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. 【解析解析】 因為前后句是因果關系,故填因為前后句是因果關系,故填forfor表表“因因為為”。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例3 3】 You have failed two tests. Youd You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harderbetter start working harder,_you
39、wont _you wont pass the course.pass the course. 【解析解析】 根據(jù)語境根據(jù)語境“你已有兩場考試不及格,你最你已有兩場考試不及格,你最好開始加倍努力,否則你通不過這門學科的。好開始加倍努力,否則你通不過這門學科的。”判斷填判斷填oror。 【典例典例4 4】 Stand over there _ youll be Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better. able to see the oil painting better. 模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究
40、 【解析解析】 句意為:站在那兒,你能更好地看到這幅句意為:站在那兒,你能更好地看到這幅油畫。根據(jù)句型油畫。根據(jù)句型“祈使句祈使句andand簡單句簡單句”可判斷填可判斷填andand。 【典例典例5 5】 I had just stepped out of the I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _I heard the steps. towel _I heard the s
41、teps. 【解析解析】 句意為:我剛走出浴室正忙于用浴巾擦干句意為:我剛走出浴室正忙于用浴巾擦干身子,就在這時我聽到了腳步聲。由此判斷填身子,就在這時我聽到了腳步聲。由此判斷填whenwhen。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例6 6】 There must be a better way to There must be a better way to test a students true ability as_ as test a students true ability as_ as their knowledge.their knowledge. 【解析解析】 此處
42、此處as well asas well as連接兩個并列名詞短語連接兩個并列名詞短語作作testtest的賓語。的賓語。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 2 2如果該空位于如果該空位于“形容詞形容詞 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”之前,之前,考慮用冠詞考慮用冠詞(a/an/the)(a/an/the)或形容詞性物主代詞。此外,也要或形容詞性物主代詞。此外,也要掌握一些有關冠詞的固定搭配。掌握一些有關冠詞的固定搭配。 【典例典例1 1】 We must not only use our knowledge and We must not only use our knowledge and abi
43、lities to manage the Earth, but to make the abilities to manage the Earth, but to make the Earth_ safe and healthy place where all Earth_ safe and healthy place where all animals and plantsincluding humans ourselvescan animals and plantsincluding humans ourselvescan live. live. 【解析解析】 該空后形容詞該空后形容詞sa
44、fesafe和和healthyhealthy所修飾的所修飾的placeplace為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,由此判斷此空填冠詞。由語境可知此處為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,由此判斷此空填冠詞。由語境可知此處表泛指,故填表泛指,故填a a。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例2 2】 The little girl pulled _ The little girl pulled _ left hand out of the pocket and took out some left hand out of the pocket and took out some money.money. 【解析解析】 空后為空
45、后為“形容詞單數(shù)名詞形容詞單數(shù)名詞”結構,考慮結構,考慮用冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)句意此處應指小女孩用冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)句意此處應指小女孩的左手,故用的左手,故用herher填空。填空。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 3 3如果該空位于如果該空位于“限定詞限定詞( (冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格、數(shù)詞不定代詞、名詞所有格、數(shù)詞) )形容詞形容詞 名詞名詞”之前,或之前,或該空位于動詞和名詞或代詞之間,則可考慮用介詞。此外也該空位于動詞和名詞或代詞之間,則可考慮用介詞。此外也要注意要注意“系動詞形容詞介詞名詞或代詞系動詞形容詞介詞名詞
46、或代詞”結構。結構。 【典例典例1 1】 Another simple way to protect your Another simple way to protect your heart at your age is to quit smoking and avoid heart at your age is to quit smoking and avoid breathing _ secondhand smoke. breathing _ secondhand smoke. 【解析解析】 該空位于動詞和名詞之間,可初步判斷該空填該空位于動詞和名詞之間,可初步判斷該空填介詞。根據(jù)介詞。
47、根據(jù)“quit smoking”quit smoking”和和“avoid breathing avoid breathing _ secondsmoke”_ secondsmoke”的并列關系可判斷,此處指的并列關系可判斷,此處指“避避免吸入二手煙免吸入二手煙”,故填,故填inin。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例2 2】 She first painted only to please She first painted only to please herself, and then began to sell her works herself, and then beg
48、an to sell her works _a little money._a little money. 【解析解析】 該空位于該空位于“a little money”a little money”之前,可初之前,可初步判斷填介詞。根據(jù)語境可判斷此處表示出售作品的目步判斷填介詞。根據(jù)語境可判斷此處表示出售作品的目的是為了賺錢,故填的是為了賺錢,故填forfor。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 4 4如果該空引導的從句置于句首且整個從句在句中如果該空引導的從句置于句首且整個從句在句中作主語,則考慮用主語從句的引導詞;如果該空引導的作主語,則考慮用主語從句的引導詞;如果該空引導的從句置于系動
49、詞之后,則考慮用表語從句的引導詞;如從句置于系動詞之后,則考慮用表語從句的引導詞;如果該空引導的從句置于動詞或介詞之后,則考慮用賓語果該空引導的從句置于動詞或介詞之后,則考慮用賓語從句的引導詞,其中考得較多的名詞性從句的引導詞是從句的引導詞,其中考得較多的名詞性從句的引導詞是what, whatever, that, whether, where, whywhat, whatever, that, whether, where, why。 【典例典例1 1】 _ that team and that school _ that team and that school must do is t
50、o admit that it lost.must do is to admit that it lost. 【解析解析】 該空引導的從句在句中作主語,即可判斷該空引導的從句在句中作主語,即可判斷它引導一個主語從句。根據(jù)該空在從句中作它引導一個主語從句。根據(jù)該空在從句中作dodo的賓語,的賓語,故填故填whatwhat。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例2 2】 I dont quite understand _ I dont quite understand _ they are so mad about the childish game. Maybe they they ar
51、e so mad about the childish game. Maybe they are just not confident enough to face the real world.are just not confident enough to face the real world. 【解析解析】 該空引導的從句置于動詞該空引導的從句置于動詞understandunderstand之后且作之后且作understandunderstand的賓語,故可判斷它引導一個賓語從句。根據(jù)后的賓語,故可判斷它引導一個賓語從句。根據(jù)后一句的意思可推斷我很不明白他們?yōu)槭裁慈绱酥杂谠撚字梢痪涞?/p>
52、意思可推斷我很不明白他們?yōu)槭裁慈绱酥杂谠撚字傻挠螒?,故填的游戲,故填whywhy。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 5 5如果該空引導的從句置于名詞之后,則可考慮兩種如果該空引導的從句置于名詞之后,則可考慮兩種情況,一是引導同位語從句,常見的名詞有情況,一是引導同位語從句,常見的名詞有fact, hope, fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibilitypossibility等,同位語從句補充
53、說明這些名詞的內(nèi)容;等,同位語從句補充說明這些名詞的內(nèi)容;考查引導同位語從句較多的引導詞是考查引導同位語從句較多的引導詞是that, whetherthat, whether,這,這兩個引導詞在從句中均不作成分。二是引導定語從句,此兩個引導詞在從句中均不作成分。二是引導定語從句,此時定語從句修飾或限制它前面的名詞,??疾榈氖顷P系代時定語從句修飾或限制它前面的名詞,常考查的是關系代詞詞that, which, who, whom, asthat, which, who, whom, as和關系副詞和關系副詞when, where, when, where, whywhy。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探
54、究題型探究 【典例【典例1 1】 The news _ we won the game is The news _ we won the game is exciting. exciting. 【解析解析】 該空引導的從句置于名詞該空引導的從句置于名詞newsnews之后且具體說之后且具體說明明newsnews的內(nèi)容,可判斷該空引導同位語從句。由句意可推的內(nèi)容,可判斷該空引導同位語從句。由句意可推斷填斷填thatthat。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例2 2】 As soon as a child begins school, As soon as a child begins
55、 school, he enters a world of examination_ will he enters a world of examination_ will decide his future of job. decide his future of job. 【解析解析】 該空引導的從句置于名詞該空引導的從句置于名詞examinationexamination之之后并修飾后并修飾examinationexamination,由此推斷它引導的是一個定語,由此推斷它引導的是一個定語從句。根據(jù)其在從句中作主語,且先行詞指物,故填從句。根據(jù)其在從句中作主語,且先行詞指物,故填whic
56、hwhich或或thatthat。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 6 6如果該空引導的從句位于句首或位于句末,且前如果該空引導的從句位于句首或位于句末,且前后句之間沒有并列連詞,此時可考慮用引導狀語從句的引后句之間沒有并列連詞,此時可考慮用引導狀語從句的引導詞,??嫉囊龑г~有:導詞,??嫉囊龑г~有:because, as, when, before, because, as, when, before, after, though, although, while, where, if, since, after, though, although, while, where, if, s
57、ince, so/suchso/suchthatthat等。等。 【典例典例1 1】 _she had not lost her precious _she had not lost her precious belongs, she could have lost something far more belongs, she could have lost something far more importanther life!importanther life! 【解析解析】 該空引導從句置于句末,且兩句之間無并列該空引導從句置于句末,且兩句之間無并列連詞,可判斷該空引導狀語從句。根據(jù)
58、句意可判斷填連詞,可判斷該空引導狀語從句。根據(jù)句意可判斷填ifif引引導虛擬條件句。導虛擬條件句。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例2 2】 Anna Mary Robertson, better known Anna Mary Robertson, better known as “Grandma Moses”as “Grandma Moses”, turned to painting turned to painting _she was too old to work on her farm._she was too old to work on her farm. 【解析解
59、析】 該空引導從句置于句末,再結合句意可判該空引導從句置于句末,再結合句意可判斷它引導一個時間狀語從句,故填斷它引導一個時間狀語從句,故填whenwhen。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 7 7itit的虛指用法主要指的虛指用法主要指itit作形式主語或形式賓語及用作形式主語或形式賓語及用以構成強調(diào)句型的用法。其中以構成強調(diào)句型的用法。其中itit作形式主語和形式賓語的作形式主語和形式賓語的主要句型如下:主要句型如下: 用用ItIt作形式主語的句型:作形式主語的句型: (1)It is (1)It is adjadj. . to do sth.to do sth. It is diffic
60、ult to translate this article. It is difficult to translate this article. 翻譯這篇文章很難。翻譯這篇文章很難。 (2)It is (2)It is adjadj. . for/of sb.for/of sb. to do sth.to do sth. It is important for us to learn English. It is important for us to learn English. 學習英語對我們很重要。學習英語對我們很重要。 Its kind of you to help me. Its
61、kind of you to help me. 你幫助我真是太好了。你幫助我真是太好了。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 (3)It is up to sb. to do sth.“(3)It is up to sb. to do sth.“應由某人負責應由某人負責”或或“是某人的職責是某人的職責”。 Its up to you to decide whether to take the Its up to you to decide whether to take the job or not.job or not. 接不接受這份工作由你自己定。接不接受這份工作由你自己定。 (4)It i
62、s (4)It is adjadj. . thatclausethatclause It is important that we should pay close It is important that we should pay close attention to grain. attention to grain. 關注糧食對我們很重要。關注糧食對我們很重要。 (5)It is (no) good/use/useless (5)It is (no) good/use/useless doing sth.doing sth. It is no use trying again It i
63、s no use trying again It is of no use It is of no use to try again. to try again. 再試也沒用。再試也沒用。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 (6)It is worthwhile (6)It is worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.doing sth./to do sth. It is worthwhile spending/to spend much time It is worthwhile spending/to spend much time on it. on it. 在
64、這件事上花時間是值得的。在這件事上花時間是值得的。 (7)It happens (7)It happens thatclausethatclause It happened that John was the only witness. It happened that John was the only witness. 碰巧約翰是唯一的證人。碰巧約翰是唯一的證人。 (8)It occurs to/strikes sb. (8)It occurs to/strikes sb.thatclause thatclause 某人某人突然想到突然想到 It suddenly occurred to/
65、struck me that I It suddenly occurred to/struck me that I hadnt seen Peter all day. hadnt seen Peter all day. 我突然想到,我一整天都沒看見彼得。我突然想到,我一整天都沒看見彼得。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 (9)It is said/reported/announced/ (well) (9)It is said/reported/announced/ (well) knownknownthatthat It is known to us all that he means w
66、ell. It is known to us all that he means well. 我我們都知道他是好意的。們都知道他是好意的。 (10)It takes sb. some time to do sth. (10)It takes sb. some time to do sth. It took us one month to complete this It took us one month to complete this project.project. 我們花了一個月完成這項工程。我們花了一個月完成這項工程。模塊模塊 3 3 題型探究題型探究 ItIt作形式賓語的句型作形式賓語的句型 (1) (1)主語主語vtvt.(think/consider/feel/suppose/believe .(think/consider/feel/suppose/believe etc.)etc.) it it adjadj. . to do sth.to do sth. I found it difficult to explain to him what I found it
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