（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)十一 特殊句式（含解析）

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1、考點(diǎn)十一　特殊句式 限時(shí)25分鐘 一、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．It was last Saturday ________ we visited the History Museum． 答案：that　此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其中被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是last Saturday。 2．When ________ (return) home, I met my old friend Paul in the street． 答案：returning　句意：當(dāng)我回家時(shí)，我在街上遇到了我的老朋友保羅。return的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)I一致，且I與return之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞形式。when

2、returning home是when I was returning home的省略。 3．Only in this way ________ I learn English well． 答案：can　句意：只有用這種方法，我才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)only用在句首強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子不倒裝。 4．I won't go to the party tonight even if ________(invite)． 答案：invited　此句中even if后省略了I am, invite的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)I一致，且I與invite之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用invi

3、ted。 5．Not only ________ I interested in the photography, but I took a course at university． 答案：am　句意：我不僅對(duì)攝影感興趣，在大學(xué)里我還上過(guò)攝影課。not only位于句首時(shí)，所在分句用部分倒裝，且此處描述現(xiàn)在的情況，故填am。 6．Jim is a student; ________ is Tom． 答案：so　句意：吉姆是一名學(xué)生，湯姆也是。指前者情況也適用于后者，意為“某人也……”，表肯定意義，用so＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)。 7．I can't swim well; ________ c

4、an Jim． 答案：neither/nor　句意：我不擅長(zhǎng)游泳，吉姆也不擅長(zhǎng)。指前者情況也適用于后者，并且指否定意義時(shí)，用neither/nor＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)。 8．________ (knock) at the door before you enter my room, please． 答案：Knock　句意：進(jìn)我的房間前請(qǐng)你先敲門。本句為祈使句，故用動(dòng)詞原形。 9．I have no idea why it is ________ he will go there with her． 答案：that　句意：我不知道他為什么要跟她去那里。idea后面是why引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，為

5、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 10．Though ________(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome． 答案：surprised　此句是連詞后省略了“主語(yǔ)＋be”。此句中though后省略了the professor was，因此應(yīng)填形容詞surprised。 11．I drove ________ slowly as possible in the heavy traffic． 答案：as　本句中含有as ．．． as possible的省略結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“盡可能……”。 12．Only ________ he apolo

6、gizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again． 答案：when/if　句意：只有當(dāng)他為自己的無(wú)禮道歉時(shí)，我才會(huì)再次跟他說(shuō)話。“only＋狀語(yǔ)從句”位于句首時(shí)，主句需用部分倒裝。根據(jù)句意可填when/if。 13．The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, ________ will he even give it a thought． 答案：nor/neither　句意：校長(zhǎng)不會(huì)允許課程變化，他甚至也不會(huì)去考慮?！皀or/neither＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”是部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，

7、意為“……也不……”。 14．At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialingjiang River ________ (lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China． 答案：lies　介詞短語(yǔ)“At the meeting place of ．．．”放在句首作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子要用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序。句子的主語(yǔ)為Chongqing，且敘述客觀事實(shí)，故填lies。 15．The driver wanted to park his car near the roads

8、ide but was asked by the police ________ (not)． 答案：not to　句意：這個(gè)司機(jī)想把車停在路邊，但被警察告知不要這么做。此處是省略，空格處補(bǔ)全為not to park his car near the roadside。 16．One talk with Tom, I believe, ________ you will find he is outgoing． 答案：and　句意：和湯姆談一談，我相信你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他是外向的。本題是“名詞短語(yǔ)＋and＋陳述句”的結(jié)構(gòu)，and表示順承關(guān)系，故填and。 17．________ (devote

9、) to finding ways to make music accessible to all children is Ms Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians． 答案：Devoted　此句為倒裝句。還原為“Ms Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians is devoted to finding ways to make music accessible to all children．” 18．Up till now, ther

10、e has been no scientific evidence about ________ it was that caused the death of dinosaurs． 答案：what　句意：到目前為止，還沒(méi)有科學(xué)證據(jù)證明是什么導(dǎo)致了恐龍的死亡。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)了恐龍滅絕的原因，即what，因此這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句式。 19．I finally got the job I dreamed about． Never in my life ________ I feel so happy． 答案：did　句意：我最終得到了我夢(mèng)想的工作。我一生中從來(lái)沒(méi)有這么高興過(guò)。never放在句首

11、，句子用部分倒裝，結(jié)合前面的got可知，填did。 20．I went to the classroom as usual． But there, next to my desk, ________ (sit) a girl I had never seen before． 答案：sat　句意：我像平常一樣去了教室。但是，在我桌子旁邊坐著一個(gè)我以前從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)的女孩。表示地點(diǎn)方位的狀語(yǔ)位于句子開(kāi)頭，主語(yǔ)如果是名詞，則句子用全部倒裝。 21．He said he ________ see a woman in black walking out of the office building

12、just now． 答案：did　句意：他說(shuō)他的確看到了一個(gè)黑衣女子從辦公大樓走出來(lái)了。分析句子可知，此處是對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞see的強(qiáng)調(diào)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“just now”可知，應(yīng)該用did表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。 22．Hardly ________ (have) she sat down when she heard someone knocking the door． 答案：had　句意：她剛剛坐下，就聽(tīng)到有人敲門。hardly ．．． when ．．． 表示“一……就……”，hardly放在句首，用部分倒裝。從句使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填had。 23．Are you free to

13、night? If ________， I'd like you to meet Tom, my new friend from the States． 答案：so　句意：今晚你有空嗎？如果有空的話，我想讓你見(jiàn)見(jiàn)我的美國(guó)新朋友湯姆。if so “如果這樣的話”，so替代上文的全部?jī)?nèi)容，避免重復(fù)。 24．________ Tom shared his idea with us, we would have made more progress． 答案：Had　句意：如果湯姆和我們分享他的想法，我們會(huì)取得更大的進(jìn)步。此處是if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，省略了if，并將ha

14、d提前的用法。故填Had。 25．At the top of the hill ________ (stand) an ancient tower, which dates back to the Song Dynasty． 答案：stands　句意：在山頂上有一座古塔，它可追溯到宋朝。表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首，句子用全部倒裝。句子的主語(yǔ)是an ancient tower, 故填stands。 26．Child ________ he was, he was able to stand on his own feet． 答案：as/though　句意：盡管他是個(gè)孩子，但是他已經(jīng)能

15、夠自立了。分析前面的“Child ________ he was”可知，是一個(gè)由as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故填as/though。 27．She dare not say what she thinks, ________ she? 答案：dare　主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句部分中的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞需要根據(jù)主句確定，當(dāng)陳述部分的dare是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，反意疑問(wèn)句部分也用dare，此復(fù)合句中主句是否定句，故此處只填dare。 28．If ________ (accept) for the job, you will be informed soon． 答案：accepted　逗號(hào)前是“

16、If you are accepted for the job”的省略形式。當(dāng)主從句的主語(yǔ)一致，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以把從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞一起省略，故填accepted。 29．At last we found a house, in front of which ________ (stand) a tall tree． 答案：stood　介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是stand時(shí)，句子要用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。由found的提示可知，此空應(yīng)填stand的過(guò)去式stood。 30．Fishing in this river, as far as I know, ________ (b

17、e) prohibited． 答案：is　本句中含有插入包含副詞的分句，這也是特殊句式的一種，被插入的部分不影響句意和句子的成分。動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，且描述一般事實(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 1．At home, there has a CD player in my room, and the music is on all the time． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：has→is　句意：在家里我的房間里有一臺(tái)CD播放器，一直放著音樂(lè)。前一分句為ther

18、e be句型。主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞a CD player, 故將has改為is。 2．Only do I know the news here． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉do　句意：這兒，只有我知道這個(gè)消息。當(dāng)only用在句首強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子不倒裝，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子才倒裝。 3．—Well, I do think the horse is a useful animal． —So it does． ______________________________

19、__________________________________________ 答案：does→is　句意：——嗯，我的確認(rèn)為馬是很有用的動(dòng)物。 ——的確是。分析句意可知，第二句是表示肯定、贊同前面說(shuō)過(guò)的話，意為“確實(shí)如此，確實(shí)是這樣”，對(duì)應(yīng)the horse is，故將does改為is。 4．Between each of the morning classes are an interval, when the students can have a short break． ___________________________________________________

20、_____________________ 答案：are→is　介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，應(yīng)用全部倒裝，句子的主語(yǔ)是an interval，故將are改為is。 5．It was in the village where he spent much of his childhood． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：where→that　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，故將where改為that。 6．—I'm sorry to tell you that you mad

21、e a mistake in your test． —How can that be? I did it as tell in class! ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：第二個(gè)tell→told　答語(yǔ)中后一個(gè)句子的狀語(yǔ)從句為省略“主語(yǔ)＋be動(dòng)詞”的形式。tell的邏輯主語(yǔ)為I，兩者之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，還原后為as I was told。 7．A bit more effort, I think, so you will settle the problem． ___

22、_____________________________________________________________________ 答案：so→and　先把插入語(yǔ)I think去掉，則不難看出此句為“(表示條件的)名詞短語(yǔ)＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，陳述句表示順承的結(jié)果。 8．Not until my son had entered the college he realize the importance of time． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：he前

23、加did　not until位于句首時(shí)主句應(yīng)用部分倒裝；由從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知，主句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此在he前加助動(dòng)詞did。 9．Scarcely I arrived at my second job when a server immediately handed me my first order． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Scarcely后加had　此處是“scarcely ．．． when ．．． ”結(jié)構(gòu)，Scarcely用于句首，主句部分倒裝。本結(jié)構(gòu)中

24、從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故在Scarcely后加had。 10．There appears to have little enthusiasm for your idea． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：have→be　此處表示“人們好像對(duì)你的想法沒(méi)什么熱情”。此處為There be句型，其中be可以用appears to be代替，故將have改為be。 11．Standing on one foot with your eyes closed, an

25、d you will soon lose your balance． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Standing→Stand　句意：閉著眼睛用一只腳站立，你很快就會(huì)失去平衡。固定句式：祈使句＋and/or＋表示某事經(jīng)常發(fā)生或慣常行為的陳述句。 12．Though he isn't a driver, he used to． _____________________________________________________________________

26、___ 答案：to后加be　句意：雖然他現(xiàn)在不是一個(gè)司機(jī)，但是過(guò)去他是。在used to后面如果是系動(dòng)詞be，不能省略。 13．Only by studying hard and making good preparations for exams we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：we前加can　以“Only＋介詞短語(yǔ)”放在句首的句子，使用部分倒裝，結(jié)合句意，在we前加can

27、。 14．Not only I care for my own family, but also I will contribute to building a harmonious society． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：only后加will　“not only ．．． but also ．．． ”結(jié)構(gòu)放在句首，前面的分句用部分倒裝，故在only后加will。 15．Although I'm not a teacher of that famous sc

28、hool, I want to． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：to后加be　在省略句中，如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，則不能省略，通常保留這些詞，故此處在to后加be。 特殊句式(一) 一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型由“It＋is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分”構(gòu)成，可以用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)；被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是指人的名詞或代詞時(shí)用who或that均可，其他情況一律用that。 判斷方法：將It is/was和that

29、/who去掉，若剩下的部分仍能表達(dá)完整的句意，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；若不能，則不是。 1．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問(wèn)句形式：Is/Was it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他？ Was it in the park that Tom lost his watch? 2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式：特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was it that＋其他？ Who_was_it_that broke the window? 3．not ．．． until ．．． 結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 其強(qiáng)調(diào)句式為：It is/was not until＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他。 He didn't go to bed u

30、ntil ten o'clock． ＝It_was_not_until ten o'clock that he went to bed． 注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型不能用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，若要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可將助動(dòng)詞do/does/did置于動(dòng)詞原形之前，用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。 He does like it． I did tell you the news yesterday． 二、倒裝句 1．完全倒裝 (1)表示方位、地點(diǎn)的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)，如：there, here, up, down, now, then, away, in, out, off等置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，用完全倒裝。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為代詞

31、時(shí)不倒裝。 Here_comes the first bus． Out_rushed a boy! On_the_top_of_the_mountain_stands a temple． (2)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中作表語(yǔ)的形容詞、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、such等置于句首時(shí)用完全倒裝。 Present_at_the_meeting_were Professor Zhang and many other guests． Seated_on_the_ground_are a group of young people． 2．部分倒裝 (1)“only＋狀語(yǔ)(副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句)”置于句首時(shí)，

32、整個(gè)句子或后面的主句用部分倒裝；當(dāng)“only＋主語(yǔ)”置于句首時(shí)，句子不倒裝。 Only_in_this_way_can you succeed． Only I am here today． (2)表示否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)用部分倒裝。 常見(jiàn)的這類詞或短語(yǔ)有not, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, by no means, in no way, in no case, at no time, not only, not until等。 Seldom_in_my_life_have I met so determined a person． At_n

33、o_time_should you touch it or get it hurt． (3)so, neither, nor置于句首表示前面的情況也適用于另一人或物時(shí)用部分倒裝。 但是當(dāng)前面的情況是兩種或兩種以上時(shí)要用It is the same with ．．． 或者So it is with ．．． 結(jié)構(gòu)。 Tom likes English． So_do_I． I have never seen the film． Neither_has_he． I like playing basketball and I live in America for many years． So

34、_it_is_with_my_little_brother． (4)在so/such ．．． that ．．． 句型中，當(dāng)so/such連同其直接修飾的成分置于句首時(shí)，主句部分倒裝。 So moved was she that she couldn't say a word． (5)在if虛擬條件句中，當(dāng)省略if時(shí)，應(yīng)將were/had/should置于主語(yǔ)之前，形成部分倒裝。 Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home． (6)as/though意為“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Tired as he was, he

35、still went on with his work． Strange though it seems, it is true． 限時(shí)25分鐘 一、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2018·北京高考)In any unsafe situation, simply ________ (press) the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need． 答案：press　句意：在任何危險(xiǎn)的情況下，僅僅摁一下按鈕，那么一個(gè)高度訓(xùn)練的代理人將使你獲得你需要的幫助。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“祈使句＋and＋一般將

36、來(lái)時(shí)”的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。 2．(2019·邢臺(tái)市高三上學(xué)期第一次月考)It was through her study of caterpillars ________ she discovered the truth about their life cycles． 答案：that　句意：正是通過(guò)她對(duì)于毛毛蟲(chóng)的研究，她才發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們生命輪回的真相。本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It is/was ．．． that ．．．”，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是through her study of caterpillars，故填that。 3．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Diets have changed

37、 in China—and so too ________ its top crop． 答案：has　該句是一個(gè)倒裝句。當(dāng)前面的句子是肯定句時(shí)，用“so＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”表示“某人也……”。助動(dòng)詞的選用根據(jù)前面句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)判斷。 4．(2018·惠州市高三第二次調(diào)研考試)It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university ________ attracts the public's attention． 答案：that　此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。去掉It is和設(shè)空處后，句意仍完整，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)，故用t

38、hat。 5．(2018·天津高考)—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help． —You bet． Just let me know when, ________ I'll be there． 答案：and　該句式是“祈使句＋and＋簡(jiǎn)單句”，祈使句相當(dāng)于條件，簡(jiǎn)單句相當(dāng)于主句。 6．(2019·山東省德州市武城二中高三月考)Not until he retired from teaching two years ago ________ he consider having a holiday abr

39、oad． 答案：did　句意：直到他兩年前從教育戰(zhàn)線上退休，他才考慮去國(guó)外度假。not until結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首時(shí)，主句使用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序，同時(shí)后面是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)two years ago判斷句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，答案為did。 7．(2019·河南周口中英文學(xué)校高三月考)________ I wish my work could be settled within a day! 答案：How　句意：我多么希望我的工作可以一天里解決！根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本題是一個(gè)感嘆句，how修飾整個(gè)句子，因此填How。 8．(2019·河北省衡水中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期二調(diào)考試)She opened it an

40、d let out a deep breath． Inside it ________ (be) two sharp knives． 答案：were　句意：她打開(kāi)它，深深地吸了一口氣。里面是兩把鋒利的刀。介詞Inside在句首，句子應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序，主語(yǔ)是two sharp knives，是復(fù)數(shù)形式，與之一致謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合上句的opened，可知填were。 9．(2018·重慶市巴蜀中學(xué)高三適應(yīng)性月考)You are supposed to keep your room as tidy ________ possible． 答案：as　句意：你應(yīng)該盡可能使屋子保持整潔。本句中含有as

41、．．． as possible結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“盡可能……”。 10．(2018·湖南師大附中高考模擬)There is no doubt that eating organic food will make you healthier, is ________？ 答案：there　句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，食用有機(jī)食物會(huì)使你更健康，是嗎？考查反意疑問(wèn)句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定反意疑問(wèn)部分用there。 11．(2018·河北省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)________ fun it is to take a rest after a long period of swimming! 答案：What　句意：長(zhǎng)時(shí)間游泳之

42、后好好休息一下真的很快樂(lè)！考查感嘆句。what后加名詞。 12．(2018·唐山市高三三模)Between the two generations, it is often not their age, but their education ________ causes misunderstanding． 答案：that　句意：在這兩代人之間，引起誤會(huì)的常常不是年齡而是教育。此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It is/was ．．． that”。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為not their age, but their education，故答案為that。 13．(2018·福建省高三畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Only

43、then ________ the workers realize how serious the situation had been． 答案：did　句意：只有在那時(shí)工人們才意識(shí)到形勢(shì)有多嚴(yán)峻?？疾榈寡b?！癘nly＋副詞”放在句首，要使用部分倒裝且時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為then，故填did。 14．(2018·河南省中原名校高三第六次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Never before ________ I seen such a wonderful park, where I'd like to pay a visit again． 答案：have　句意： 我從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這么美麗的公園，我想再來(lái)參觀一次。否定副詞短

44、語(yǔ)放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝形式；never before常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。 15．(2018·重慶巴蜀中學(xué)高三適應(yīng)性月考)Not only ________ you make yourself understood, but you also keep the listeners engaged． 答案：do　句意：你不僅要使他人明白你的話，而且也要讓聽(tīng)眾融入到談話中。not only放在句首，該分句用倒裝語(yǔ)序，故填do。 16．(2018·湖南省邵陽(yáng)市高三模擬)For a moment nothing happened; then ________ (come) cheers fr

45、om the excited audience． 答案：came　句意：片刻間什么也沒(méi)發(fā)生，然后從興奮的觀眾那里傳來(lái)了歡呼聲?？疾閠hen位于句首的完全倒裝。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，設(shè)空處填所給動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。 17．(2018·哈爾濱六中高三第二次模擬)Wheat is growing very nicely here; ________ is rice． 答案：so　句意：這里的小麥長(zhǎng)得很好，水稻也是?！皊o＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”，表示前一分句描述的情形也適合后一分句的人或物。 18．(2018·湖南省岳陽(yáng)市高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))________ you make a mistake, you weren'

46、t supposed to feel embarrassed． You know, people make mistakes． 答案：Should　句意：如果你犯了錯(cuò)誤，你不應(yīng)該感到尷尬。畢竟，人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。此處是表示對(duì)將來(lái)情形的假設(shè)，從句中省略了if，將should提前，故填Should。 19．(2018·廣東省佛山市高三質(zhì)量檢測(cè))He pulled hard at the gold chain to get it into the boat, but ________ seemed to be no end to it． 答案：there　后一分句含有there be句型，t

47、here seemed to be “似乎有”，故填there。 20．(2018·天津和平區(qū)一模)I'm sorry． ________ it not been for my illness, I would have come and lent you a helping hand． 答案：Had　句意：對(duì)不起。要不是因?yàn)槲疑?，我就?huì)過(guò)來(lái)幫你了。此處為與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即條件從句應(yīng)為：If it hadn't been for my illness．將if省去，需把had提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式，故設(shè)空處填had，且had的首字母要大寫。 21．(2016·江蘇高考)Not

48、until recently ________ they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas． 答案：did　句意：直到近期，他們才開(kāi)始鼓勵(lì)在農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)展與旅游有關(guān)的活動(dòng)。not until位于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝。此處指過(guò)去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故答案為did。 22．(2018·四川四校聯(lián)考)The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle． ________ dange

49、rous a scene it was! 答案：How　句意：那個(gè)小男孩騎著自行車沿著機(jī)動(dòng)車道全速而來(lái)。多危險(xiǎn)的一幕啊！此處為感嘆句式“How＋形容詞＋a/an＋名詞單數(shù)＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！”故填How。 23．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, ________ (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about． 答案：make　句意：它可

50、以是園藝、烹飪、音樂(lè)、運(yùn)動(dòng)等任何事情，但是，無(wú)論它是什么，務(wù)必保證它是讓你釋放每天的壓力而不是讓你擔(dān)憂的事。句中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)置于句首，構(gòu)成祈使句，故用動(dòng)詞原形。 24．(2018·安徽模擬)John has not yet passed the driving test, and neither ________ Henry． 答案：has　句意：約翰還沒(méi)有通過(guò)駕照考試，亨利也沒(méi)有通過(guò)。否定副詞neither置于句首，后面的主謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用部分倒裝。根據(jù)上一分句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“has ．．． passed(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))”和該分句的主語(yǔ)Henry可推知，設(shè)空處答案為has。 25．(2018·陜西渭南

51、模擬)On the top of the hill ________ (stand) a temple where the old man once lived． 答案：stands　句意：山頂上有座廟，這位老人曾經(jīng)在那里住過(guò)。表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首，且主語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，該句的主謂部分應(yīng)完全倒裝。本句的主語(yǔ)為a temple(第三人稱單數(shù))，故設(shè)空處為stands。 26．(2018·廣西梧州高三一模)Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket money while ________ (train) him． 答案：tra

52、ining　句意：弗雷迪在培訓(xùn)他期間給他提供工作和住房，并借給他零花錢。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)him判斷，train在此是動(dòng)詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)一致，均為Freddy，且Freddy與train之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞。while training him相當(dāng)于while he was training him。 27．(2018·安徽六校聯(lián)考)________is it that he is not so friendly as he used to be? 答案：How/Why　句意：他怎么/為什么不如過(guò)去友好了呢？本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式，即“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was＋it＋

53、that＋其他？”。本句改為普通句型后為“________ is he not so friendly as he used to be？” 28．(2018·重慶模擬)Absurd ________ it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa． 答案：as/though　句意：雖然那聽(tīng)起來(lái)很荒誕，但是在場(chǎng)的每個(gè)人都被他在非洲的歷險(xiǎn)故事逗笑了。as, though和although均可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，as, though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序，although不倒裝，本句

54、中表語(yǔ)提前，故用as/though。 29．(2018·重慶模擬)—I like this dress better than that one． —________ do I; but it costs almost twice as much． 答案：So　句意：——與那條連衣裙相比，我更喜歡這條?！乙彩?，但這條連衣裙的價(jià)格幾乎是那條的兩倍。此處為部分倒裝?！皊o＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”表示前面的情況也適用于另一人或物。 30．(2019·浙江杭州一次質(zhì)檢)A child, if actively ________ (engage) in classroom activities, c

55、an be taught many things． 答案：engaged　句意：如果一個(gè)孩子能積極參加課堂活動(dòng)，他能學(xué)會(huì)許多東西。本句為省略句。將本句補(bǔ)全后為：If a child is actively engaged in classroom activities, he can be taught many things．把相同的主語(yǔ)a child和be動(dòng)詞省去，故填engaged。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2018·山西孝義高三一模)The drivers don't agree to the deal, so do the passengers． _______________

56、_________________________________________________________ 答案：so→neither/nor　前面是don't，后面也應(yīng)該使用否定詞neither或者nor，而so用于肯定句中。 2．(2018·廣東仲元中學(xué)模擬)Only by focusing her attention on her work the woman forget her worries． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：the前加can/co

57、uld　以only＋介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首的句子，使用部分倒裝，結(jié)合句意，在the前加can/could。 3．(2018·江西新余高三模擬)Looking on the bright side of things, and you will live happily． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Looking→Look　句意：如果看事情的光明面，你就可以活得很快樂(lè)。根據(jù)句中and可知此處是并列句，所以and前面應(yīng)該是一個(gè)祈使句，表?xiàng)l件。 4．(2019·惠州市高三第

58、一次調(diào)研)None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we knew how to use gardening tools． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：knew→know　句意：我們都不熟悉種植，也不知道如何使用園藝工具。nor放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝，所以助動(dòng)詞did在前，此處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。 5．(2019·湖南長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)高三月考)It was not until his third match in

59、 1790 when he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：when→that　句意：正是直到1790年第三次比賽時(shí)，他才最后打敗Humphries，而成為英國(guó)的冠軍。本題是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)“not until ．．． ”部分，而不是when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，故改為that。 6．(2018·山東省棗莊一模)Seldom I go out alone in th

60、e evening． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Seldom后加do　表示否定意義的副詞放在句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝；本句描述慣常行為，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 7．(2018·河北衡水模擬)Though urging to go to bed many times, the little boy just turned a deaf ear and fixed his eyes on the cartoons． ___________________________

61、_____________________________________________ 答案：urging→urged　句意：盡管被催促了很多次，這個(gè)小男孩充耳不聞，繼續(xù)看卡通片。Though urging to go to bed many times部分是一個(gè)省略句，urge和主句的主語(yǔ)之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故改為urged。 8．(2018·四川聯(lián)考)In front of the stadium stand a long queue waiting for the star's arrival． __________________________________________

62、______________________________ 答案：stand→stands　介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用全部倒裝，句子的主語(yǔ)是a long queue，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。 9．(2018·江蘇溧陽(yáng)竹簣中學(xué)模擬)Much although I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：although→as/though　當(dāng)

63、as/though表示“雖然，盡管”來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序，但是although不能倒裝。 10．(2019·山西太原檢測(cè))There have a time when we young people believe that our parents should stop offering their advice． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：have→is　句意：有這么一段時(shí)間，我們年輕人認(rèn)為我們的父母應(yīng)該停止提出建議。此處為“there be

64、”句型。There is a time when ．．． “有一段時(shí)間……”。 11．(2018·湖南調(diào)研)That's all． Thank you． Some questions? ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Some→Any　由語(yǔ)境可知本句為省略句，且為一般疑問(wèn)句，故將Some改為Any。some作“一些”講時(shí)，常用在肯定句中，而any常用在疑問(wèn)句中。 12．(2018·陜西全真模擬)In a word, success is important, and

65、 so does failure, because it's the mother of success． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：does→is　句意：總之，成功很重要，失敗也很重要，因?yàn)槭∧顺晒χ?。因?yàn)椤皊uccess is important”的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞is，故將does改為is。 13．(2018·南昌三校聯(lián)考)When was it he made up his mind to take this lesson? ____________

66、____________________________________________________________ 答案：it后加that　本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式，結(jié)構(gòu)為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋was/is＋it＋that/who＋其他？”。 14．(2018·河北聯(lián)考)It was him who showed me how to smile through the rough times． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：him→he　本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分為句子主語(yǔ)，故將him改為he。 15．(2018·河北質(zhì)檢)I asked Charles to see the movie, but he didn't want． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：want后加to　此處為不定式的省略。不定式在省略時(shí)，可以省略動(dòng)詞但