2022年高中英語 第二冊(cè) 語法總結(jié) 名詞性從句（3）賓語從句

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1、2022年高中英語 第二冊(cè) 語法總結(jié) 名詞性從句（3）賓語從句 （三）賓語從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語。 1. that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)無含義，不充當(dāng)成分，常省略。 ★that不引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句，至于except that, in that, save that, but that等是復(fù)合從屬連詞。 I know (that) you have met him. Let's suppose that one day this happens to you. ★在及物動(dòng)詞和賓語從句之間常有間接賓語（指人）。例如： I told him (that) he was w

2、rong. ★在少數(shù)動(dòng)詞如：think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, calculate, fancy, reckon, be supposed , seem, appear, feel as if, look as if, look like等后面的從句中的否定詞經(jīng)常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語動(dòng)詞上，這叫否定前置/否定轉(zhuǎn)移。（hope“希望”, guess“認(rèn)為”后的賓語從句否定不前置。I hope not.“我希望不是那樣的”，是I hope so.的否定式。I don't hope so.是對(duì)hope的否定：“我不希望如此”。）如： I don't

3、think it will be very cold today. I don't think you are right. I don't believe he has finished his work. 注意： ①非必須否定轉(zhuǎn)移。若需要強(qiáng)調(diào)從句的否定時(shí)就不作轉(zhuǎn)移。 ②不可把所有可否定轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞的否定句都理解為否定賓語從句，要根據(jù)句意或語境而定。 I don't think diplomacy is a field for private enterprise. We didn't think we'd be this late. ③當(dāng)think用在疑問句中，

4、或主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞與狀語連用，或主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞被do強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，不能否定轉(zhuǎn)移。 Why do you think we can't change your note? I do believe Tom never tells a lie. They still didn't believe that the food would e. I can't believe that they are married. ④否定轉(zhuǎn)移多用在主句動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的情況。 主句動(dòng)詞為一般過去時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，或主句動(dòng)詞與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，就不能否定轉(zhuǎn)移。此時(shí)若主

5、句動(dòng)詞為否定，應(yīng)考慮是否是對(duì)主句動(dòng)詞的否定。 I had thought that he would not e. 我已經(jīng)想到了他不能來了。 ⑤當(dāng)賓語從句中有no, never, hardly, not at all, not a bit, not...enough, can't help doing等時(shí)不能否定轉(zhuǎn)移。 I think I can't help laughing if I see it. I believe he never tells a lie. ▲許多帶賓語補(bǔ)足語的句子要用it作形式賓語，而把賓語從句置于句尾。 We think it wrong t

6、hat he told a lie to everyone. We thought it a pity that she should have missed the chance. 2. whether, if引導(dǎo)賓語從句：表示“是否”可互換，口語中常用if。 He asked if she would e. 注意下列情況下whether不可用if換： 1)引導(dǎo)主語從句置于句首時(shí)。 2)whether后沒有單詞間隔而直接跟or not時(shí)。 I don't know whether or not he will e. 3) whether從句作介詞

7、賓語時(shí)。 They are talking about whether he will win the game. Everything depends on whether you agree with us. 4)whether后接不定式時(shí)。 I don't know whether to attend the meeting. 5)動(dòng)詞discuss, decide的賓語從句時(shí)。 3. 連接代詞what, who, whose等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 Tell me what you want. Do you know who will e at the meeti

8、ng? 注意：who, whom按照傳統(tǒng)語法，從句中who所取代的名詞如果是賓語應(yīng)用賓格whom，但在口語中常用who，如： Do you know whom (who) he will invite? ①whose, which, what三個(gè)詞都帶有形容詞性質(zhì)。whose表示所有，意為“誰的”；which意為“哪一個(gè)”，what意為“什么”。如： Whose book it is not important. Please tell me which school you want to go. He didn't know what time it was. ②

9、一般說來，which指的是在一個(gè)具體的、較明確的、有限的、較小范圍；而what則指較廣的或不明確的范圍。如：which food，說話人一般指眼前的或明確范圍的幾種food；what food則指許多food，而且說話人心中沒有數(shù)。 I don't know which / what food you want. 如果范圍較大或者沒有什么范圍，最好用what food。 4. 連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 I don't know when the meeting will be held. Please tell me where

10、 I can find Tom. He explained to me why he was absent from the meeting. Can you tell me how I can get to the post office? 5. 可用whatever, whoever, whomever, whenever, wherever等引導(dǎo)賓語從句。 Please write down whatever he is saying. I don't know whoever will e. I'll do whatever you ask me to. 6. 表

11、示愛憎情感的動(dòng)詞，如：enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, don't mind, resent, appreciate（感激）等以及某些介詞結(jié)尾的短語動(dòng)詞如：count on, depend on, rely on, see to, look forward to, be fond of, feel like, see to等后，即使沒有賓補(bǔ)也要先接形式賓語it，再接賓語從句。 I like it when she smiles at me. I love it when you sing. I hate it if I am spoken to loud

12、ly in public. ★除了but, besides, except, in, save, beyond六個(gè)介詞后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句外，其他介詞都不能。in that是“因?yàn)椤钡囊馑?，其余五個(gè)與that搭配都是“除了……”。 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練： 1、Do you know how much hot water ______? A.Mum is needed B.does Mum need C.Mum needs D.did Mum need 2、Can you tell me ______? A.where he is B.wher

13、e is he C.he is where D.what is he 3、I didn't know how ______ to London? A.would they go B.are they going C.they would go D.they are going 4、I want to know how long ______. A.has he been back B.has he e back C.he has been back D.he has e back 5、Do you know ______? A

14、.what the news are B.what is the news C.what the news is D.what are the news 6、He said he would help me with my maths if he ______ free. A.was B.will be C.would be D.is 7、He will write to you as soon as he ______ to Shanghai. A.gets B.is getting C.will get D.shall get

15、 8、Father ______ music when he ______ young A.liked…was B.liked…is C.likes…was D.likes…is 9、I liked sports ______ I was young. A.so much as B.so much that C.very much when D.very much because 10、______ mother got home,I was tidying my room. A.After B.When C.As soon as D.Before （后設(shè)答案，大家不要偷看(⊙o⊙)哦，(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……） KEYS 1、C 2、A 3、C 4、C 5、C 6、A 7、A 8、A 9、C 10、B