八年級(jí)下冊(cè)第八單元英語(yǔ)講義.doc

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學(xué)員編號(hào)： 年 級(jí)：八年級(jí) 第 小時(shí)學(xué)員姓名： 輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ) 教師： 課 題Unit8授課時(shí)間：2013年 5月26 日09 ：00 - 11 ：00周日 備課時(shí)間： 2013.05.21教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.掌握如何表達(dá)應(yīng)該給別人買(mǎi)什么禮物，掌握如何建議別人買(mǎi)禮物的表達(dá)法，掌握如何比較物品的品質(zhì)。2.通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)如何贈(zèng)送禮物，對(duì)比中西方文化的不同。重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)一 、1.What should I get sb ? 2.Why dont you get/buy sb sth ?3.What about /How about sth ? 4.Its/They are too + adj .5.Present perfect tense .二、1.too + adj : 太 2.adj + enough :足夠考點(diǎn)及考試要求. 1.What should I get my sister ?2.Why dont you get a camera ? hats too expensive .3.How about some tennis balls ? hey are too cheap .4.What about a watch ? Thats too personal .5.Whats the best present you have ever received ? A bike .教學(xué)內(nèi)容一、新課（一）生詞巧解1. 【詞析】 音析：u讀,e讀e,字母組合tion讀作。形析：suggest（建議）+-ion（名詞后綴）義析：advice【典句】 He made the suggestion that we go by train.他建議我們坐火車(chē)去。【拓展】 1）同根詞:suggest v.建議;提議2)suggest常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：suggest doing sth.建議做某事（動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)）Ann suggested going to the Summer Palace next Sunday.安提議下周日去頤和園。2. 【詞析】 音析：字母組合er在重讀音節(jié)中讀,o讀。形析：person（ 人）+-al(形容詞后綴)義析：of a particular person;private【典句】 I have something personal to tell you.我有私人的事要告訴你。【拓展】 同根詞:person n.個(gè)人3. 【詞析】音析：e讀e,字母組合cial在重讀音節(jié)中讀。形析：形近詞especial(特別的)義析：something is more important or better than other things of its kind 【典句】 This is a special day in the history of our country.今天是我國(guó)歷史上一個(gè)特殊的日子?！就卣埂?)派生詞:specially adv. 特別地；特殊地。如:He is not specially clever,but he works hard.他不是特別聰明,但他工作很努力。specialist n. 專家；專科醫(yī)生2)special除了作“特殊的,特別的”解,還意為“專門(mén)的;專用的”。如:He has a special car because he cannot walk.他有一輛專車(chē),因?yàn)樗荒茏呗贰?. 【詞析】 音析：第一個(gè)e讀，字母組合ei在重讀音節(jié)中讀。義析：to get something given or sent【典句】 Did you receive any letters today?你今天收到信了嗎？【辨析】 receive與acceptreceive指收到了什么東西,不一定接受;而accept著重指以愉悅的態(tài)度或經(jīng)過(guò)自己的爭(zhēng)取而得到或獲取某物。例如:I received an invitation from them,but I didnt accept it.我接到他們的邀請(qǐng),但并未答應(yīng)。5.【詞析】 音析：字母組合ou讀作。形析：形近詞mouth （嘴）義析：a small animal that is covered in fur and a long thin tail【典句】 This is a field mouse.這是一只田鼠?！就卣埂?注意其復(fù)數(shù)形式是mice。6.【詞析】 音析：元音字母i發(fā)音，字母組合ch發(fā)。形析：形近詞chill （寒戰(zhàn)）義析：a son or daughter;a kid【典句】 They have a child.他們有一個(gè)孩子?！就卣埂?其復(fù)數(shù)形式是children。7.fall asleep入睡【詞析】 形析：fall（掉下）+asleep（睡覺(jué)的）【典句】 He was so tired that he fell asleep soon.他太累了,很快的進(jìn)入了夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)。【拓展】fall asleep意為“睡覺(jué),入睡”,其同義短語(yǔ)是go to sleep。如:He falls asleep in the classroom.=He goes to sleep in the classroom.他在教室里睡著了?！颈嫖觥?fall asleep與go to bedgo to bed表示“上床睡覺(jué)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“上床”,未必“睡覺(jué)”；fall asleep意為“睡覺(jué),入睡”。8. 【詞析】 音析：兩個(gè)e分別讀e和,s讀z。形析：pre+sent（send的過(guò)去式）義析：gift【典句】 He gave his mother a present.他給了他媽媽一個(gè)禮物。【拓展】1)present在句中作名詞,意為“禮物”。如:I get many presents on Christmas.圣誕節(jié)我得到了許多禮物。2)present還有“現(xiàn)在”之意。如:I am learning English at present.現(xiàn)在我在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。She is a Chinese teacher at present.目前她是一名漢語(yǔ)老師。give away 贈(zèng)送【詞析】 形析：give（給）+away（離開(kāi)）義析：to make a gift of【典句】 I gave away this gift to Tom.我把這個(gè)禮物贈(zèng)送給了湯姆。rather than勝于【詞析】 形析：rather（寧可）+than（比）義析：over【典句】 These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty.這雙鞋不好看,但是舒服。9.【詞析】 音析：字母組合ea在重讀音節(jié)中讀作e。義析：in the place of something previously mentioned【典句】 If you cannot go,hell go instead of you.如果你不能去,他愿替你去。【辨析】 instead與instead ofinstead為副詞,在句中獨(dú)立作狀語(yǔ);instead of為介詞短語(yǔ),后面一般接名詞、代詞、介詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。例如:She didnt call him.She wrote to him instead.=She wrote to him instead of calling.她沒(méi)有給他打電話而是給他寫(xiě)了封信。10.【詞析】 音析：詞綴-ed 在字母t后讀Id。形析：interest（ 興趣）+-ed(形容詞后綴)義析：having or showing curiosity,fascination or concern【典句】 I am interested to hear your story.我很想聽(tīng)你講故事?！颈嫖觥?interested與interesting兩個(gè)詞都是形容詞,但interested是過(guò)去分詞作形容詞,含有被動(dòng)的意味,表示因?yàn)槟呈露械接腥?主語(yǔ)通常是人。Lily is interested in modern music.麗麗對(duì)現(xiàn)代音樂(lè)感興趣。interesting是現(xiàn)在分詞作形容詞,含有主動(dòng)的意味,表示某事引起或使得他人感到有趣,主語(yǔ)通常是物。The story is very interesting.這個(gè)故事很有趣。11. 【詞析】 音析：字母e和a均讀作,字母組合ou讀作。形析：en-（強(qiáng)調(diào)）+courage（ 信心 ）義析：to give support to【典句】 I encouraged her to work hard and to try for the examination.我鼓勵(lì)她用功并為這次考試做努力。【拓展】 encourage其后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)encourage sb.to do sth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事。take an interest in 對(duì)感興趣 【詞析】 義析：be interested in【典句】 I took an interest in driving last year.去年我對(duì)開(kāi)車(chē)很感興趣。12.【詞析】 音析：重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)詞,第一個(gè)e發(fā),元音字母i發(fā)本音a。形析：形近詞beside (在旁邊)義析：in addition;also,moreover;furthermore;otherwise【典句】 Besides English,he has to study German.除了英語(yǔ),他還要學(xué)德語(yǔ)?！颈嫖觥?except與besidesexcept所修飾的人或物被排除在外,不與大多數(shù)一致;而besides所修飾的人或物則被包括在內(nèi),與大多數(shù)一致。make friends with 與交友【詞析】 形析：make（做）+friends（朋友）+with （與）【典句】 I made friends with people there.我與那兒的人們都交上了朋友。（二）例句精講Section A1.Why dont you get her a scarf?你為什么不給她買(mǎi)條圍巾呢？【巧解句構(gòu)】 1)這是一個(gè)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,第二人稱作主語(yǔ)故借助助動(dòng)詞do。2)Why dont you+動(dòng)詞原形.？=Why not+動(dòng)詞原形.？都是表示建議的句子?！疽c(diǎn)剖析】 get sb.sth.=get sth.to sb.給某人買(mǎi)某物這是動(dòng)詞后跟雙賓語(yǔ)的用法,其中sb.(某人)為間接賓語(yǔ),sth.(某物)為直接賓語(yǔ)?！就卣寡由臁?能跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有buy,give,show,pass,choose等。如:請(qǐng)遞給我一些紙。Please pass me some paper.=Please pass some paper to me.劉老師要求我們把家庭作業(yè)交給他。Mr.Liu ask us to hand him our homework.=Mr.Liu ask us to hand our homework to him.我為她買(mǎi)了一輛自行車(chē)。I bought her a bike.=I bought a bike for her.我奶奶總是給我講故事。My grandma always tells me some stories.=My grandma always tells some stories for me.我的父母留給我一座大房子。My parents leave me a big house.=My parents leave a big house for me.Section B 3a1.However,life with a pig isnt always perfect.然而,和豬一塊生活并不總是美好的。【要點(diǎn)剖析】 1）however是一個(gè)合成詞,表示“無(wú)論如何”“不管怎樣”,仍是一個(gè)副詞,用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的語(yǔ)氣。一般用作插入語(yǔ),放在句首。2)life with a pig 和豬一起生活。with短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。例如:The woman with a baby is my aunt.那個(gè)抱(領(lǐng))小孩的婦女是我的阿姨。(介詞短語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ))The young man with long hair hurried off.那個(gè)留長(zhǎng)發(fā)的小伙子急急忙忙離開(kāi)了。(修飾主語(yǔ))I dont know the girl with a red dress.我不認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)穿紅裙子的女孩。(修飾賓語(yǔ))Lucy doesnt like dumplings with meat.露茜不喜歡肉餡餃子。(修飾賓語(yǔ))【拓展延伸】 類似的詞還有:when+everwhenever(無(wú)論如何),where+everwherever(無(wú)論何地)。However,I must go back today.我今天無(wú)論如何要回去。However hard he tried,he didnt catch up with the bus.無(wú)論他怎樣努力,他還是沒(méi)能趕上車(chē)。Whenever you come,we will welcome you.無(wú)論你什么時(shí)候來(lái),我們都?xì)g迎你。Wherever we come from,we should be good friends.無(wú)論我們來(lái)自何方,我們都應(yīng)該成為好朋友。2.Now shes too big to sleep in the house,so I made her a special pig house.現(xiàn)在她長(zhǎng)得太大了,以至于不能睡在房子里了,因此,我給她做了一個(gè)特殊的豬舍?！疽c(diǎn)剖析】 too.to.太而不能當(dāng)“某人”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),理解為“太而不能”,若“某物”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),則變?yōu)閠oo.(for sb.)to.“（某物）對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)太而不能”。如:I am too tired to walk on.我累的走不動(dòng)了。The box is too heavy for me to carry.這個(gè)箱子對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太重了而搬不動(dòng)?！疽c(diǎn)提示】 1）too.to.為否定意義,表示“太而不能干某事”,后面的動(dòng)詞不定式不能再加否定詞。2）當(dāng)“某物”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),一定要加for sb.,因?yàn)楹竺娴膖o do是人的動(dòng)作,同時(shí),動(dòng)詞不定式to do后面切勿再加賓語(yǔ)。3.Sometimes I dont have enough time to spend with her.有時(shí)候,我沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間陪她?！疽c(diǎn)剖析】 enough time足夠的時(shí)間,其中enough“足夠的”是形容詞,修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)或作表語(yǔ)。修飾名詞時(shí),可以放在名詞之前,也可以放在名詞之后。【拓展延伸】 1)enough作副詞時(shí),修飾形容詞和副詞作狀語(yǔ),放在形容詞和副詞之后。2)句型enough to表示“足夠能做”。此時(shí)句子的主語(yǔ),是某人/某物。Ben is old enough to go to school.本夠了上學(xué)的年齡了。David is strong enough to lift the big stone.大衛(wèi)足夠強(qiáng)壯,能舉起那塊大石頭。That book is interesting enough for them to read.這本書(shū)他們讀起來(lái)很有趣。The room is not big enough for us to live in.這間房子我們住不夠大?！颈嫖霰容^】 表示前提“不夠”時(shí),可以用“not+adj./adv. enough to”表示,此時(shí)可將其中的形容詞或副詞替換為反義詞,也可以用too.to句式表達(dá),而句意不變。例如:1)The room is not big enough for us to live in.可以改寫(xiě)為:The room is too small for us to live in.這間房子我們住太小了。2)Peter did not leave early enough to get there on time.可以改寫(xiě)為:Peter left too late to get there on time.彼得出發(fā)太晚而未能按時(shí)趕到那兒。誤區(qū)警示 1）too.to.與enough to.構(gòu)成簡(jiǎn)單句式,只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)。2）當(dāng)“某物”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),to do前加for sb.,to do后不加賓語(yǔ)。3）too,enough均為副詞,所修飾的形容詞或副詞一定用原級(jí)。Why dont you learn to sing English songs?Self 1. .twenty-four young singers from across China entered a contest by singing popular English songs.有來(lái)自全國(guó)的24名青年歌手參加了英語(yǔ)流行歌曲大賽。【巧解句構(gòu)】 這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。主語(yǔ)twentyfour young singers from across China較長(zhǎng),是因?yàn)槠渲杏幸粋€(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)from across China“來(lái)自全中國(guó)”。謂語(yǔ)是entered a contest意為“參加比賽”。by singing popular English songs作方式狀語(yǔ),在這里的意思就是“以唱英文流行歌為項(xiàng)目的比賽”?！疽c(diǎn)剖析】 by是一個(gè)介詞,用于說(shuō)明手段和方式,可以理解為“通過(guò)；以的方式”等,其后可以使用名詞和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。例如:【拓展延伸】 介詞后跟動(dòng)詞時(shí),應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞。例如:Peter is good at playing football.彼得擅長(zhǎng)踢足球。Thank you for asking me to your birthday party.謝謝你邀請(qǐng)我參加你的生日聚會(huì)。Han Mei went to school without having breakfast.韓梅沒(méi)吃早飯。2.Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers.有一部分歌手演唱的英語(yǔ)歌甚至同英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的人一樣好。【要點(diǎn)剖析】 as.as“和一樣”。其否定形式為not as/so.as,意為“和不一樣”。例如:He can run as fast as his brother.他和他哥哥跑得一樣快。He cant run as/so fast as his brother.他沒(méi)有他哥哥跑得快?！颈嫖霰容^】 as well和as well as1)as well的同義詞為too,意為“也”。例如:He speaks English,and Spanish as well.他既能說(shuō)英語(yǔ),也能說(shuō)西班牙語(yǔ)。He can speak French as well.他也會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。2)as well as意為“同;和;也”。用來(lái)連接名詞和代詞等。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式,要根據(jù)as well as前的名詞或代詞來(lái)確定。與動(dòng)詞連用時(shí),用v.-ing形式。3.Both winners were very modest,and said that they didnt think they were better than the other singers.兩位獲勝者都很謙虛,他們說(shuō)他們認(rèn)為他們并不比其他的歌手好。【巧解句構(gòu)】 這是一句由and連接的并列句。前一個(gè)分句是“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。后一個(gè)分句省略了主語(yǔ)both winners,是一個(gè)包含兩層賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。第一層為間接引語(yǔ),是that.singers,表示said的內(nèi)容;其中包含第二層是they.singers,作think的賓語(yǔ)。4.She also said that singing English songs made her more interested in learning English.她還說(shuō)唱英語(yǔ)歌使她對(duì)學(xué)英語(yǔ)更加感興趣。【巧解句構(gòu)】 本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,主句為She also said,后面的部分為謂語(yǔ)said的賓語(yǔ)從句;在賓語(yǔ)從句中singing English songs為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ),made為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,而her more interested in English則為復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),形容詞短語(yǔ)interested in learning English作賓語(yǔ)her的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞make作使役動(dòng)詞,意思是“使”,其后面可以用形容詞等作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。5.He agrees that it is a good idea to have fun with English.他同樣認(rèn)為在英語(yǔ)中獲得樂(lè)趣是個(gè)好主意。【巧解句構(gòu)】 1)該句是包含賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。賓語(yǔ)從句that it is a good idea to have fun with English以that為引導(dǎo)詞,作agree的賓語(yǔ)。2)賓語(yǔ)從句中it是形式主語(yǔ),不定式to have fun with English才是真正主語(yǔ),意為“在英語(yǔ)中獲得樂(lè)趣是個(gè)好主意”。【要點(diǎn)剖析】 fun指“樂(lè)趣,興致”,為不可數(shù)名詞。have/get fun with sth.指“在中獲得樂(lè)趣”。有時(shí)也可以說(shuō)have/get fun out of doing sth.。如：He has got a lot of fun with his hobbies.他從自己的業(yè)余愛(ài)好中獲得了極大的樂(lè)趣。She gets fun out of teaching children.她從教孩子們這項(xiàng)工作中得到了樂(lè)趣。6.If not,why dont you find out about it?如果沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò),你何不去了解一下它的情況呢？【巧解句構(gòu)】 1)這里的if not為一省略形式。原句應(yīng)為if you have never heard of the Beijing Speaks English program,因?yàn)榇蟛糠謨?nèi)容與上文重復(fù),所以省去了。2)find out意為“找出,發(fā)現(xiàn)”。與find稍有不同的是,前者更多指通過(guò)調(diào)查、研究、努力等找出一些抽象的東西,如信息、事實(shí)等,后者則通常接較為具體的東西。如:I want to find out more about Mars on the Internet.我想在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上查找到更多有火星的信息。【拓展延伸】 類似的結(jié)構(gòu)很多。如:If necessary,I will go there to give a speech.=If it is necessary,I will go there to give a speech.如果有必要,我會(huì)到那里做一次演講。If so,there is nothing to regret.=If the matter is so,there is nothing to regret.如果事情是這樣的話,就沒(méi)有什么可遺憾的了。7.It suggests ways for Beijingers to take an interest in learning English.它提出了讓北京人對(duì)學(xué)英語(yǔ)感興趣的方法?！厩山饩錁?gòu)】 該句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,to take an interest in learning English作ways的后置定語(yǔ)?！疽c(diǎn)剖析】 take an interest in表示“對(duì)感興趣”。介詞后跟動(dòng)詞時(shí),應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞。（三）語(yǔ)法解讀(一)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shouldshould為shall的過(guò)去式,與其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一樣,其后接動(dòng)詞原形。1.表示義務(wù),意為“應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng);最好”,比must委婉。如：You should apologize to him.你應(yīng)該向他道歉。You should not eat so greedily.你不應(yīng)該如此貪吃。My teacher said (that)I should study harder.老師說(shuō)我應(yīng)該更加用功地讀書(shū)。2.與疑問(wèn)詞連用,表示意外、納悶、驚訝等,意為“究竟是;到底”。如：Why should you think that way?你到底為什么那么想呢？How should I know?我怎么會(huì)知道？(二)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)意義:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示到目前為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用的狀語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有:already,yet,ever,never,just,before 和for,since引起的時(shí)間。They have already finished their homework.他們已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。I have travelled many cities in China.我在中國(guó)已旅游了許多城市。She hasnt drawn the map.她還沒(méi)有畫(huà)這幅地圖。He has moved to Beijing for four years.他搬到北京已經(jīng)4年了。(1)當(dāng)動(dòng)作未中斷,即當(dāng)該動(dòng)作以一個(gè)持續(xù)、不中斷的動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí),要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。試比較:I have written six letters since breakfast.早飯以來(lái),我寫(xiě)了六封信。I have been writing letters.我一直在寫(xiě)信。I have waited for her many times.我等她許多次了。Ive been waiting for you for half an hour.我已等了你半小時(shí)了。(2)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以和一個(gè)時(shí)間短語(yǔ)連用,也可以沒(méi)有時(shí)間短語(yǔ)。這樣用時(shí),它有別于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)只有增加“for six days”“since June” “never”等時(shí)間短語(yǔ),才能表達(dá)這種類型的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)單獨(dú)用時(shí),表明一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的完成了的動(dòng)作,而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)單獨(dú)用時(shí),表明一個(gè)持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,并且仍然在繼續(xù)或者最近才結(jié)束。What have you done？你干什么了？（指的是一個(gè)單一的動(dòng)作）可能的回答:I have broken a teapot.我打碎了一把茶壺。What have you been doing？你一直在做什么？（指的是做了一段時(shí)間并仍然繼續(xù)進(jìn)行或剛剛停止的動(dòng)作）可能的回答:I have been practising the piano.我一直在練習(xí)彈鋼琴。(四)聽(tīng)說(shuō)速遞Giving suggestion 給出建議在人們的日常交談中,業(yè)余愛(ài)好是經(jīng)常談?wù)摰脑掝}。為了讓別人接受我們的建議,一定要避免使用帶有命令口氣的詞語(yǔ)和方式,而要用婉轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)氣。常用以下句型:如:“Why dont you.?” “Why not.?” “Youd better.”“Do you think.?” “What about.?”等。1.Why dont you.?/Why not.?為什么不呢？（在not后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形）Why not go out for a walk?Why dont you go out for a walk?為什么不去散散步呢？Why not wear a T-shirt?=Why dont you wear a T-shirt?為什么不穿一件T恤衫呢？Why dont you/Why not spend more money on books?為什么你不能在買(mǎi)書(shū)上多花點(diǎn)錢(qián)呢？2.Lets.讓我們（后接動(dòng)詞原形）Lets go to the movies.讓我們?nèi)タ措娪?。Lets make it half past nine.我們定在九點(diǎn)半吧。3.Shall we.?我們?nèi)ズ脝?？Shall we go to the movies?我們?nèi)タ措娪昂脝幔縎hall we go to the zoo?我們?nèi)?dòng)物園好嗎？4.How/What about.?怎么樣？(about后應(yīng)用名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ng形式)How/What about a quarter past ten?十點(diǎn)一刻怎么樣？How/What about something to drink?來(lái)點(diǎn)喝的怎么樣？對(duì)上面這些句型的回答,常有以下幾種:(1)當(dāng)同意對(duì)方的建議時(shí),一般用:Yes,I think so.是的,我想是這樣。 Yes,I agree.好,我同意。OK./All right.行。/好吧。Thats a good idea./Good idea.那是個(gè)好主意。/好主意。(2)當(dāng)對(duì)于對(duì)方的好意、幫助表示接受時(shí),一般用:Yes,please.好的,請(qǐng)便吧。Thank you./Thanks a lot.謝謝。/非常感謝。(3)當(dāng)對(duì)于對(duì)方的幫助或要求表示委婉地謝絕時(shí),一般用:I dont think so.我不想那樣。Sorry,I cant.對(duì)不起,我不能Im afraid.我恐怕Id love to.But.我很樂(lè)意,但是(4)Youd better.“你最好”,在better后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。否定形式為:Youd better not.（5）Would you like.?表示“你想要嗎?”,在like后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式。（6）Will you please (not).?表示“請(qǐng)你(不要)好嗎?”,在please后應(yīng)跟動(dòng)詞原形。（五）讀寫(xiě)指導(dǎo)議論文高分要訣【點(diǎn)石成金】 議論文是作者對(duì)某個(gè)問(wèn)題或某件事進(jìn)行分析、評(píng)論,表明自己的觀點(diǎn)、立場(chǎng)、態(tài)度、看法、主張的一種文體。寫(xiě)議論文應(yīng)注意下面的幾個(gè)環(huán)節(jié):（1）審準(zhǔn)題目文章的中心要根據(jù)對(duì)題目的分析來(lái)確定,一定要弄清主題的內(nèi)涵,確立與文章相聯(lián)系的主題思想,表達(dá)不能偏離主題,否則即使內(nèi)容再精彩,也是“跑題”作文,得分將會(huì)大打折扣,因此,最重要的是先審清題目,確立要表現(xiàn)的中心。（2）構(gòu)思結(jié)構(gòu)就是開(kāi)放思路,啟動(dòng)聯(lián)想,構(gòu)想表現(xiàn)形式,勾勒出文章的結(jié)構(gòu)層次,依次寫(xiě)出引言段,主題句,發(fā)展段和結(jié)尾句,努力使之新穎、別致。（3）選擇材料這一點(diǎn)很重要,一定要圍繞想表現(xiàn)的中心去選擇、組織材料,所選的材料必須典型精要。（4）表達(dá)就是用最確切明了的語(yǔ)言貫穿材料,表達(dá)自己的思想,力爭(zhēng)用符合英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則、英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣的語(yǔ)句寫(xiě)作,用最順暢自然的詞、句、段去表達(dá)中心思想,與表現(xiàn)中心無(wú)關(guān)的話即使再生動(dòng)形象也不要去寫(xiě)。【任務(wù)導(dǎo)入】 請(qǐng)根據(jù)自己學(xué)英語(yǔ)的體會(huì),以How to learn English well為題寫(xiě)一篇100詞左右的文章。【常用詞匯】 take an interest in,should,encourage,instead of,native,suggest,make great progress【常用句型】 1.as.as.2.We must.3.Wed better.4.If you.,youll.【參考答案】How to learn English wellSome people think that if we want to learn English well,we must take an interest in it,and then we should encourage ourselves to learn grammar well.Others believe that we cant learn English well unless we keep in mind as many English worlds and phrases as possible.Which opinion is right?I dont agree with them in my opinion,the best way to learn English well is to learn and use English all the time.Dont be afraid of being laughed at.Wed better do a lot of listening,speaking,reading and writing instead of remembering.We must forget our native language and form the habit of thinking and writing in English.If you learn English in this way that I suggest,youll make great progress.典題熱題例1 (2010四川江津模擬)What he said was _ difficult for us _ understand.A.so;thatB.very;to C.too;to D.such;that思路解析: 本題考查too.to.句型,too.to.表示“太而不能”,后面的動(dòng)詞不定式不能再加否定詞。答案:C誤區(qū)警示 本題的誤區(qū)是因記不清too.to.句型的用法而錯(cuò)選。深化升華 解此類試題,必須對(duì)too.to.句型和so.that結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別了如指掌,too.to.句型中,若“某物”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),表示“（某物）對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)太而不能”;so.that表示“如此以至于”,that后跟一個(gè)句子。例2 (2010江蘇南京模擬)Colours can change our moods and make us _ happy or sad,energetic or sleepy.A.to feelB.feelingC.feltD.feel思路解析: 本題考查使役動(dòng)詞make的用法。當(dāng)使役動(dòng)詞make作謂語(yǔ)時(shí),后跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),即make sb.do sth.“使某人做某事”。答案:D誤區(qū)警示 本題的誤區(qū)是有些同學(xué)按照一般的規(guī)則,動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常用不定式或動(dòng)名詞形式,故錯(cuò)選成A或B。深化升華 英語(yǔ)中的一些動(dòng)詞,如使役動(dòng)詞let,have,make,感官動(dòng)詞feel,see,watch,notice,hear等,當(dāng)它們作謂語(yǔ)時(shí),后通常用省to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例3 (2010 浙江杭州模擬)What are you going to do with your pocket money?_ give it to the children from AIDS(艾滋病)？A.What aboutB.What forC.Why dontD.Why not思路解析: 本題考查表建議句型的不同用法。空后跟的是動(dòng)詞原形,所以用Why not。答案:D誤區(qū)警示 有些同學(xué)記不清表建議的幾種句型的區(qū)別,因而錯(cuò)選。深化升華 Why not.?=Why dont you.?“為什么不呢?”,其中在not后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形,What(How)about.?表示“怎么樣?”,其中介詞about后應(yīng)用名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式。例4 (2010吉林模擬)Teenagers should _ to choose their own clothes. A.allowB.to allowC.be allowedD.allowed思路解析: 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法。should與其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一樣,其后接動(dòng)詞原形。答案:C誤區(qū)警示 本題的誤區(qū)有兩個(gè)：一是容易忽略情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should后要接動(dòng)詞原形的情況;二是注意不到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。深化升華 要想做對(duì)此類試題,必須記住情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后要接動(dòng)詞原形的原則。例5 完形填空(2010天津模擬) 閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Canada is the second largest country in the world.It is over 7000 kilometres from the 1_ coast（海岸）to the east.It 2 six time zones.3 it is 9:00 a.m.in Vancouver on the west coast,it is 1:30 p.m.in St Johns on the east coast.English and French 4 the two main languages in Canada.About 60 percent of 5_ people speak English,and about 25 percent speak French.More 6 70 percent of its population live in cities near the US border（邊境）.Ottawa is the capital.Every year millions of tourists go there to 7 museums and take part in the cultural（文化的）activities.Toronto is the largest city of the country 8 about 2.5 million people.Montreal is 9 second biggest Frenchspeaking city in the world.The maple leaf is the national symbol of Canada.The Canadian flag has a red maple leaf on a red 10 white back ground.1.A.west B.east C.south D.north2.A.is B.had C.has D.have3.A.Which B.What C.WhereD.When4.A.are B.is C.will be D.has been5.A.their B.his C.its D.our6.A.up B.over C.about D.than7.A.see B.visit C.look D.find8.A.with B.forC.fromD.at9.A.aB.anC.theD.不填10.A.or B.and C.butD.however思路解析: 本短文主要講加拿大的一些情況,介紹了它是世界上第二個(gè)最大的國(guó)家,它的主要語(yǔ)言是英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ),并且還介紹了它的幾個(gè)主要城市。 每小題的具體解題思路是:1.本句意為“從西海岸到東海岸有7000多千米”。東西是相對(duì)的,因此選A。2.本句主語(yǔ)是it,且是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),由此可排除B、D項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用has。3.when表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。4.主語(yǔ)是兩者,是復(fù)數(shù),且本句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用are。5.本句意為“它的百分之六十的人說(shuō)英語(yǔ)”。its指“加拿大的”。6.more than是固定短語(yǔ),意為“多余,超過(guò)”。7.visit museums表示“參觀博物館”,A、C、D項(xiàng)都不合適。8.with表示“有”,本句意為“多倫多是加拿大最大的城市,有250萬(wàn)人口”。9.the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞的最高級(jí)+名詞,表示“第幾個(gè)最的”。10.red and white指“白色和紅色”,and作連詞,連接兩個(gè)并列關(guān)系的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子。答案: 1.A2.C3.D4.A5.C6.D7.B8.A9.C10.B深化升華 做此題的同時(shí),還可以學(xué)習(xí)一些有關(guān)加拿大的知識(shí),了解它的大小,語(yǔ)言,城市化程度和幾個(gè)主要城市。例6 短文改寫(xiě)（填空型“閱讀理解”題）Most American businesses are open five days a week.American school children go to school five days a week,too.American families usually have a two-day weekend.The weekend is Saturday and Sunday.Over the weekend,people spend their time in many ways.Many families enjoy the weekend together.They may go shopping,go for a drive,or visit friends.They may also invite friends over and have a party at home.Many families take part in sports during the weekend.Running,hiking,playing volleyball and swimming are popular in summer.Skiing and skating are the favorite winter sports.Weekends are also a time for American families to work on something in their yards or in their houses.Many families plant flowers and have vegetable gardens.Some families spend weekends to paint or repair their houses.For most American,weekends are very busy.Most American 1 five days a week and they have a twoday 2.The people of many families spend their time in different 3.They may go out to see their friends or _4_ friends to come to have a party at home.Over the weekend,many people are interested in _5 .Some of them like to go 6 in summer and 7 in winter.Some families are often 8 with their flowers and 9 in their gardens.The others are busy 10 or repairing their houses at the weekend.思路解析: 通讀短文,可以根據(jù)短文的大意和句子的句法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)完成短文的改寫(xiě)。短文中交代,美國(guó)人一般一個(gè)星期只工作五天,第1空沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)意思判斷應(yīng)用work。而第2空可以從原文中找到同樣的短語(yǔ)have a twoday weekend,所以應(yīng)填寫(xiě)weekend。在填寫(xiě)第3空時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)句子“.people spend their time in many ways.”來(lái)完成。所以第3空應(yīng)為ways。第4空應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞來(lái)填寫(xiě),根據(jù)短文的交代,人們或去看朋友,或邀請(qǐng)朋友到家里來(lái),而根據(jù)invite sb. to do sth.（邀請(qǐng)某人做某事）可知,此空要填invite。第5空應(yīng)用名詞填寫(xiě),根據(jù)對(duì)短文的理解,美國(guó)人周末喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)(sports)。而夏季去swimming/hiking,冬季要skating/skiing,所以6、7空答案分別為swimming/hiking,skating/skiing。在填第8空時(shí),除了理解短文外,還應(yīng)知道詞組be busy with sth.（忙于做某事）的用法。另外,從下文也可以找到答案。第9空填寫(xiě)的單詞和flowers并列,根據(jù)短文可以判斷應(yīng)用vegetables。而第10空所要填寫(xiě)的單詞和repairing并列,根據(jù)短文的意思,應(yīng)用painting。答案:1.work2.weekend3.ways4.invite5.sports6.swimming/hik