高中語文論文從十年的高考題看what在名詞性從句中的作用.doc

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從十年的高考題看what在名詞性從句中的作用What作為關(guān)系詞是英語名詞性從句中學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)，也是學(xué)生正確使用的一大難點(diǎn)。從2000年到2009年來的十年高考試題中多次對what在名詞性從句中的用法進(jìn)行考查，可見此詞在英語學(xué)習(xí)中的重要地位。下面就根據(jù)十年來的全國及各省有關(guān)what的高考題分析此詞的用法。what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句一般分為四種基本意思：一是關(guān)系代詞表示“什么”，帶有疑問意味；二是關(guān)系代詞表示“所的（）”，相當(dāng)于一個先行詞后接一個關(guān)系代詞。 三是關(guān)系代詞表示“多么”，引導(dǎo)感嘆句作名詞性從句。四關(guān)系形容詞用法：作定語，意為所有的，任何的。一. 意思為“什么”, 在高考題中的考查：1. When asked_ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.（2008湖南，29）A. what B. why C. whom D. which句意：當(dāng)被問及這些孩子們最需要什么的時候，他們的回答是：他們想讓自己感覺到他們很重要并且是被愛著的。 （what 在賓語從句中作賓語）2. It is none of your business_ other people think about you. Believe yourself.（2007福建，35）A. how B. what C. which D. when句意：別人如何看待你與你無關(guān)，相信自己吧。 （what在主語從句中作賓語）3. -I think its going to be a big problem.（2001北京春，28） -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it.A. if B. how C. what D. that我很想知道我們能對此做什么。 （what在賓語從句中作賓語）4. It is pretty well understood_ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海40)A. that B. when C. what D. how今天大家都很清楚是什么控制大氣層內(nèi)外的二氧化碳的流動。 （what在主語從句中作主語）5. I think Father would like to know_ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.( 2004湖南，24)A. which B. why C. what D. how我想父親一定很想知道我一直在忙什么，于是決定給他發(fā)個快件。 （what在賓語從句中作賓語）6. -Could you do me a favor？(2006北京，29) -It depends on _ it is.A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever能幫我個忙嗎？ 那要看是什么事了。 （what在賓語從句中作表語）7. Do you have any idea_ is actually going on in the classroom? 2005 遼寧29A. that B. what C. as D. which你知道教室里在干什么嗎？ （what在同位語從句中作主語）I just wonder_ that makes him so excited. 2006山東A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is我真不明白到底是什么使他這么激動。 （what在強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型中的賓語從句中作主語）二.意思為 “（所）的”，相當(dāng)于一個先行詞后接一個關(guān)系代詞，通常我們稱此句為“所”字句。A。的事情1. _was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （2008山東，23 ） A. It B. This C. What D. As她告訴我，對她來說家庭是最重要的。（what在主語從句中作主語）2. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about_ he will do or think. （2008上海，34）A. what B. which C. whom D. that作為他最好的朋友，我能準(zhǔn)確猜出他會做什么或想什么。（what在賓語從句中作賓語）3.See the flags on top of the building? That was_ we did this morning.（2006全國1套，23） A. when B. which C. where D. what看到樓頂?shù)钠熳恿藛?？那就是我們今早干的事。（what在表語從句中作賓語）4. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walking in space. (2004上海37)A.where B. what C. that D. how在楊利偉成功完成環(huán)繞地球的任務(wù)后，我們的宇航員們的愿望是太空行走。（what在主語從句中作賓語）5. Many young people in the west are expected to leave_ could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck. (2009江蘇，34)A. as B. that C. which D. what （what在賓語從句中作主語）Bwhat在下列句子中根據(jù)句意可以靈活翻譯成各種詞義：1. Some Children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _their parents speak at home. （2008浙江，6）A. what B. that C. which D. one。的語言 句意：鄰居們都羨慕這個家庭，在這個家庭中父母對待孩子像對待朋友一樣。2. The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. （2008北京，30）A. which B. that C. what D. who。的方式 句意：這些公司正在一起努力創(chuàng)造出他們所希望的21世紀(jì)最好的交通方式。3.People in Chongqing are proud of _ they have achieved in the past ten years.（2008重慶34）A. that B. which C. what D. how。的成就 重慶人以他們在近十年中取得的成就而感到自豪。4.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make_ it is.（2007天津15）A. what B. which C. how D. where。的樣子 句意：這里的海濱每年都會吸引大量游客，溫暖的陽光和松軟的沙灘便是其魅力所在。（現(xiàn)在這個樣子）5. Choosing the right dictionary depends on_ you want to use it for.（2007江蘇，25）A. what B. why C. where D. which。的目的 句意：選擇一本適當(dāng)?shù)淖值湟Q于你的目的。6.The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough.（ 2005山東，26）A. where B. how C. what D. which。的錢數(shù)/ 價格 句意；那位店主不想以他認(rèn)為不夠高的價格出售他的商品。7. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海春)A. as B. which C. what D. that。的速度 前幾天，我弟弟開著車以我認(rèn)為危險的高速駛過街道。8. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of _ you read. (2007上海春，36)A. that B. what C. which D. whether。的內(nèi)容 通過改進(jìn)閱讀技巧，你可以閱讀更快，對內(nèi)容理解更多。9. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. (2004 天津35)A. what B. which C. that D. where。的地方 在十年前曾是一片荒地的地方建立起一座現(xiàn)代化城市。三what意思為“多么”，引導(dǎo)的感嘆句充當(dāng)名詞性從句。I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize_ silly mistakes I had made. (2005 湖南35)A. what B. that C. how D. which我對她的話感到驚訝，它使我意識到我犯了多么愚蠢的錯誤啊。四關(guān)系形容詞用法：作定語，意為所的，任何的。what+名詞= as much / many+名詞 as； 或all + 名詞 + 關(guān)系代詞that 此用法在高考試題中雖還未出現(xiàn)，各地練習(xí)中已經(jīng)開始出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)引起重視。I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的書全給他了。He will give you what help he can. 他愿盡力幫助你。Lend me what money you have. 你能借多少錢就借給我多少。In order to make her little sister laugh, he told what funny stories he remembered to her.為了逗小妹妹笑，他把記得的故事都講了一遍。