江蘇省2019高考英語 第二部分 語法核心突破 第十課時(shí) 非謂語動(dòng)詞練習(xí)(含解析).doc
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第十課時(shí)非謂語動(dòng)詞感 悟 高 考1.Many Chinese brands, _ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.(2017江蘇卷)A.having developed B.being developedC.developed D.developing答案Abrands是邏輯主語,和develop是主謂關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,表示伴隨狀況;再根據(jù)“over centuries”可知,應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,故選A。句意:許多中國品牌,享譽(yù)數(shù)百年,現(xiàn)在正面臨著來自現(xiàn)代市場的新挑戰(zhàn)。2. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _ more patients to be treated.(2017天津卷)A.being allowed B.allowingC.having allowed D.allowed答案B句意:近期這個(gè)醫(yī)院購進(jìn)了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備,允許更多的病人被治療。前句購進(jìn)醫(yī)療設(shè)備和后面允許更多的病人被治療之間是必然的結(jié)果關(guān)系,用doing,即現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,表示順理成章的結(jié)果。故選B。3.I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train _.(2017天津卷)A.catching B.caughtC.to catch D.to be caught答案C句意:在整個(gè)會議期間我一直在看表,因?yàn)槲乙ペs火車。根據(jù)上文判斷出as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。固定結(jié)構(gòu) Sb have sth to do 意為某人有某事要做。故選C。4.Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their valuable time. (2017北京卷)A.save B.savingC.to save D.saved答案C句意:許多航空公司現(xiàn)在允許乘客網(wǎng)上打印他們的登機(jī)牌來節(jié)省時(shí)間。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式表目的,故選C。5. Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _ with his students.(2017北京卷)A.to spend B.spendC.spending D.spent 答案D句意:Jim已經(jīng)退休了,但是他依然記得和學(xué)生一起度過的快樂時(shí)光。句子已經(jīng)有了謂語remember,空格只能填非謂語動(dòng)詞,邏輯主語是time,和spend之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞spent。要 點(diǎn) 精 析一、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語,其中的動(dòng)詞和主句的主語之間要形成主謂關(guān)系。在句子中可以充當(dāng):1.目的狀語動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語常用的形式:to do, only to do(僅僅為了), in order to, so as to, so (such) .as to.(如此以便)。He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飛快地跑以便趕上第一班汽車。2.結(jié)果狀語表示事先沒有預(yù)料到的結(jié)果,要放在句子后面。He searched the room only to find nothing.他搜了整個(gè)房間什么也沒有找到。3.原因狀語The water is too cold to drink.水太涼了不能喝。(不用被動(dòng))二、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,其中的動(dòng)詞和主句的主語之間形成主謂關(guān)系。在句子中可以充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑?.時(shí)間狀語Seeing Tom, I couldnt help thinking of his brother.看見湯姆,我不禁想到了他的哥哥。2.原因狀語Being ill,he didnt go to school yesterday.因?yàn)樯×?,他昨天沒有去上學(xué)。3.方式或伴隨狀語Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.瑪麗站在學(xué)校門口等貝蒂。三、過去分詞作狀語1.過去分詞作狀語表示被動(dòng)的、已完成的動(dòng)作。Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!因?yàn)閷懙么颐?,這篇文章不是很好。2.有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語時(shí)不表示被動(dòng)而表示主動(dòng)。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有l(wèi)ost (迷路),seated (坐), hidden (躲), stationed (駐扎), lost/absorbed in (沉溺于), born (出生于), dressed in (穿著), tired of (厭煩) 等。Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound.因?yàn)橄萦诔了贾?,所以他沒聽到那個(gè)聲音。四、分詞作狀語的時(shí)態(tài)1.非謂語動(dòng)詞在主句動(dòng)作之前完成,與主語之間形成主謂關(guān)系用having done。Having seen it twice, I refused his invitation to see the film.看過兩次了,我拒絕了他邀請我去看這部電影。2.非謂語動(dòng)詞在主句動(dòng)作之前完成,與主語之間形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系用having being done。Having been shown around the Water Cube, I was taken to visit the Birds Net.被帶領(lǐng)著參觀了水立方之后,我又被帶著去參觀了鳥巢。名師點(diǎn)津(1)分詞在句中作時(shí)間狀語時(shí),其前一般可加when或while。When crossing street, you must be careful.穿過街道時(shí)你要加倍小心。(2)過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語為主句的主語,此時(shí)應(yīng)注意人稱一致。Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再給我一個(gè)小時(shí),我也能解這道題。(given為過去分詞作狀語,它的邏輯主語為主句主語I,即I被再給一個(gè)小時(shí)。)一、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語 1.表示將來The bridge to be built here will bring great convenience to the local people.這里將要建起的橋會給當(dāng)?shù)厝藥砗艽蟮谋憷?.用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級或no, all, any等限定的中心詞,且中心詞與不定式之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。He was the first man to land on the moon.他是第一個(gè)登上月球的人。3.很多抽象名詞后可接不定式作定語,如ability, ambition, anxiety, attempt, campaign, chance, courage, decision, determination等。The pressure to pete causes Americans to be energetic.競爭的壓力使美國人精力充沛。二、分詞作定語 1.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí),如果和所修飾的詞之間形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),用being done且后置。The meeting being held will greatly affect the future of our pany.正在舉行的會議將對我們公司將來的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重大影響。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí),和所修飾的詞之間形成主謂關(guān)系,通常會出現(xiàn)分詞前置與分詞后置兩種情況:分詞前置:當(dāng)分詞作定語放在名詞之前時(shí),往往表示事物正在發(fā)生的狀態(tài)。He rushed into the burning house.他沖進(jìn)著火的房子。分詞后置:當(dāng)分詞或分詞短語位于所被修飾的詞語之后時(shí),往往可用定語從句替代。Whos the girl dancing with him?Who is the girl who is dancing with him?和他一起跳舞的女孩是誰?2.過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語時(shí),被修飾的詞是該分詞所表示行為的承受者。當(dāng)過去分詞作定語時(shí),在語態(tài)上通常表示“被動(dòng)”和“完成”,單獨(dú)的過去分詞前置,過去分詞短語后置。Local people invited to attend the meeting are very pleased to share their experience.受邀請參加會議的當(dāng)?shù)厝朔浅芬夥窒硭麄兊慕?jīng)驗(yàn)。3.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語和過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義,過去分詞一般表示被動(dòng)含義。現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行,過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或完成的事。名師點(diǎn)津作定語的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞,或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等時(shí),不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。The Browns have a fortable house to live in.布朗一家有個(gè)舒適的房子住著。一、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語1.作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語afford (付得起), agree (同意), aim (力求做到), appear (顯得), arrange (安排), ask (要求), attempt (試圖), care (想要), choose (決定), claim (聲稱), decide (決定), demand (要求), determine (決心)等等。2.動(dòng)詞疑問詞不定式常見的此類動(dòng)詞有:decide, know, consider, forget, learn, remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell等。There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant decide which to buy.有這么多的錄音機(jī)在出售,我都拿不定主意買哪一種。二、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語1.作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語She likes drawing very much.她很喜歡畫畫。2.作某些短語動(dòng)詞的賓語Mary is thinking of going back to New York.瑪麗正考慮回紐約。3.“do限定詞(my, some, any, the等)動(dòng)詞-ing”,表示“做”。We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon.星期六下午我們常大掃除。4.作介詞的賓語Her sister is good at learning physics.她姐姐擅長學(xué)物理。名師點(diǎn)津(1)當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時(shí),先用形式賓語it代替不定式,再把不定式置于補(bǔ)語之后,即:主語動(dòng)詞it補(bǔ)語to do句式。We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.我們認(rèn)為學(xué)好一門外語很重要。(2)動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),要用it作形式賓語,而將作賓語的動(dòng)詞-ing后置。We found it no good talking like that.我們認(rèn)為那樣談話是沒有用的。一、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.動(dòng)詞賓語不定式(to do)Father will not allow us to play on the street.父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。2.to be的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作補(bǔ)語We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我們認(rèn)為湯姆是班上最好的學(xué)生之一。3.to be形容詞The book is believed to be uninteresting.人們認(rèn)為這本書沒什么意思。4.在“with/without賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)中,若賓語補(bǔ)足語是不定式,不定式所表示的動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生,且句子的主語是該動(dòng)作邏輯上的執(zhí)行者,此時(shí)不定式須用主動(dòng)式。With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.有很多的問題要解決,這位新當(dāng)選的總統(tǒng)會有一個(gè)艱難時(shí)期。二、過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語,過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作一定和賓語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。能夠接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有以下四類:1.表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞,如see, watch, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。I heard the song sung in English.我聽到有人用英語唱過這首歌。2.表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞,如have, make, get, keep, leave等。Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理發(fā)。3.表示思維活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,如consider, know, think等。I consider the matter settled.我認(rèn)為這件事解決了。4.表示愛憎、意愿的動(dòng)詞,如want, wish, like, hate等。I want two tickets reserved.我要預(yù)定兩張機(jī)票。三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing在復(fù)合賓語中作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),句中賓語就是這個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ing的邏輯主語,可以帶有這種復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.我們能夠看見蒸汽從這些濕衣服上升起來。一、非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語1.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語不定式作主語,一般表示具體某一次的動(dòng)作。常用it作形式主語,而不定式是真正的主語,放在句末,以使句子保持平衡。To climb the mountain is hard work but to go down the mountain is great fun.上山很艱難,下山卻很好玩。It is not easy to find your way around the town.在這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)要找到路很不容易。2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語時(shí),如果其結(jié)構(gòu)較長,可用it作形式主語,而將作主語的動(dòng)詞-ing后置。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實(shí)。It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語 1.動(dòng)詞不定式作表語不定式作表語表示具體動(dòng)作或?qū)韯?dòng)作。(1)當(dāng)主語和表語都是不定式時(shí),其含義一是條件,一是結(jié)果。To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.對敵人仁慈就是對人民殘忍。(2)當(dāng)主語是以aim, duty, hope, idea, mistake, plan, purpose, suggestion等為中心詞的名詞詞組或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句時(shí),不定式用于說明主語的內(nèi)容。My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter.我的主要目的是指出這件事的困難。2.動(dòng)名詞作表語(1)有些動(dòng)名詞作表語,與主語部分可以轉(zhuǎn)換。Our work is serving the people.Serving the people is our work.為人民服務(wù)是我們的工作。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語,說明主語的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)。The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.王先生講的故事很有趣。3.過去分詞作表語(1)過去分詞作表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別:過去分詞作表語,主要是表示主語的狀態(tài),而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我妹妹打碎的。(被動(dòng)語態(tài),表示動(dòng)作)The library is now closed.圖書館現(xiàn)在是關(guān)門的。(過去分詞作表語,表示狀態(tài))(2)過去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成,動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行。(3)有些動(dòng)詞,如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten等的過去分詞表示一種情緒和狀態(tài)。The book is interesting and Im interested in it.這本書很有趣,我對它很感興趣。名師點(diǎn)津(1)不定式作句子的主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。(2)be to do sth可以表示將來時(shí)態(tài)。You are to meet him at the airport tomorrow.明天你要到機(jī)場接他。一、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是英語中的一個(gè)特殊結(jié)構(gòu);它有自己的邏輯主語,與句子主語不一致,此時(shí)的“名詞/代詞分詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語”,就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。It being Sunday,we neednt go to school.因?yàn)槭切瞧谔?,我們不用上學(xué)。二、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成含義動(dòng)詞不定式表示動(dòng)作沒有發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生,動(dòng)詞-ed形式表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束,動(dòng)詞-ing形式往往表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。The manager looks worried,many things to settle.有這么多的事情要處理,經(jīng)理看上去很著急。The manager looks relaxed,many things settled.許多事情處理好了,經(jīng)理看上去很輕松。The food being cooked,the boy was watching TV.做飯時(shí),這個(gè)小男孩在看電視。三、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)1.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同,它獨(dú)立存在,一般有逗號與主句分開。2.名詞/代詞與后面的分詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語之間是主謂關(guān)系。四、with和without引導(dǎo)的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)with/without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)既可看作介詞短語,在句子中作定語;也可看作獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),常在句中充當(dāng)狀語。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:with賓語五、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的句法功能獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中一般作狀語,表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨狀況等,還可以作定語。My shoes removed,I entered a low-ceilinged room.我脫掉鞋子后,走進(jìn)一間屋頂很低的房間。(作時(shí)間狀語)He is the person with a lot of questions to be settled.他就是有許多問題要解決的那個(gè)人。(作定語)名師點(diǎn)津(1)有些分詞短語可以獨(dú)立存在,在句子中沒有邏輯上的主語,作為習(xí)慣用法。比如:generally speaking(總的說來), judging from (從判斷), supposing (假設(shè))等。(2)有些固定短語是帶to的不定式,表明說話人的立場或態(tài)度,在句中作獨(dú)立成分。這些短語有to be honest(老實(shí)說), to be sure (確實(shí)), to tell you the truth (說實(shí)話), to be frank (坦率地說), to make matters/things worse (更糟糕的是)等等。解 題 策 略1.正確判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞句子按結(jié)構(gòu)分為三類,即簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。并列句和復(fù)合句都需要連詞來引導(dǎo),如果句子中出現(xiàn)了連詞,應(yīng)選謂語動(dòng)詞形式,如果兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中未出現(xiàn)連詞,則考慮用非謂語動(dòng)詞。_ many times, but he still couldnt understand it.A.Having been told B.ToldC.He was told D.Though he had been told答案C用連詞but 引導(dǎo)并列句子,因此,前句與后句一樣也是個(gè)獨(dú)立句子,故選C。2.正確判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系確定要選非謂語動(dòng)詞之后,第二步要分析其邏輯主語。非謂語動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語,但仍具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn),其邏輯上的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)。非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí),其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語一致,找不到其邏輯主語時(shí),整個(gè)句子或句子的主語就是非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語。正確判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系是正確選擇非謂語動(dòng)詞形式的保證,不管是作什么成分的非謂語動(dòng)詞都體現(xiàn)以下特點(diǎn): (1)如果非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關(guān)系,可用現(xiàn)在分詞;(2)如果非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,可用過去分詞。_ from the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.A.Seen B.SeeingC.Having seen D.To see答案A句意:從塔頂看,這座山的南邊腳下是樹的海洋。seen from the top of the tower是一個(gè)過去分詞短語,在句子中作狀語,其邏輯主語是句子的主語the south foot of the mountain,它們之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用過去分詞。3.正確判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞和謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后順序非謂語動(dòng)詞具備動(dòng)詞的一些特點(diǎn),也可以有動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,對于謂語動(dòng)詞,我們用時(shí)態(tài)來表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間;對于非謂語動(dòng)詞不能用時(shí)態(tài)來表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間問題。非謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的時(shí)間是一個(gè)相對時(shí)間,即相對于謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間而言。同時(shí)也需要了解非謂語動(dòng)詞的不同形式所表示的時(shí)間含義。如to have done,having done表示該動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生;to be doing,doing強(qiáng)調(diào)與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Dina,_ for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A.struggling B.struggledC.having struggled D.to struggle答案C句意:蒂娜,奮斗了幾個(gè)月,想找個(gè)做女服務(wù)員的工作,最后在當(dāng)?shù)匾患覐V告社謀到了一個(gè)職位。此題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語,因Dina與struggle之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,且struggle發(fā)生在took之前,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式作定語。針 對 訓(xùn) 練1.To return to the problem of water pollution,Id like you to look at a study _ in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江卷)A.having conducted B.to be conductedC.conducting D.conducted答案D分析句子成分可知,句中沒有連詞,所以空處用非謂語動(dòng)詞,且 a study和 conduct 構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞作后置定語。2.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do_with students.(2016浙江卷)A.working B.workC.to work D.worked答案A句意:我現(xiàn)在與學(xué)生一起工作和航海一樣有著同等的樂趣。所選詞形應(yīng)與sailing一致,在句中作方式狀語。3._ it easier to get in touch with us,youd better keep this card at hand.(2016北京卷)A.Made B.Make C.Making D.To make答案D句意:為了更容易地和我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系,你最好把這張名片卡放在手頭。由本句話的后半句可知,make的邏輯主語為you,you與make之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,結(jié)合句意可知,非謂語動(dòng)詞在這里作目的狀語,故選D。4.Newly-built wooden cottages line the street,_ the old town into a dreamland.(2016北京卷)A.turn B.turningC.to turn D.turned答案B句意:新建的小木屋沿街排成一行,將這個(gè)古老的小鎮(zhèn)變成了一個(gè)夢幻之地。此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故選B。5.Mr.Johnson,_as a manager for many years,found it hard to be an ordinary clerk again.A.having worked B.workedC.to have worked D.working答案A句意:由于已經(jīng)當(dāng)經(jīng)理很多年了,Mr.Johnson發(fā)現(xiàn)重新做回一名普通職員很難。主語與work之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式,由空后的時(shí)間狀語“for many years”可知,應(yīng)該用完成式。6.Little Tom sat_watching the monkey dancing in front of him.(2015四川卷)A.amaze B.amazingC.amazed D.to amaze答案C句意:小湯姆吃驚地坐在那兒看著小猴子在他面前跳舞。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處為形容詞作狀語,說明主語的狀態(tài)。amazing令人吃驚的,常修飾物;amazed感到吃驚的,常修飾人。根據(jù)句意,選C。7.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on _ all the people who had helped in her career.(2015陜西卷)A.to thank B.thankingC.having thanked D.to have thanked答案A句意:在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎(jiǎng)之后,安妮本尼迪克特繼續(xù)感謝所有曾經(jīng)在她的事業(yè)中幫助她的人。go on to do sth繼續(xù)做另一件事;go on doing sth繼續(xù)做同一件事。拿獎(jiǎng)后又繼續(xù)做另一件事,即“感謝所有幫助過她的人”,所以選A。8.At college,Barack Obama didnt know that he_ the first black president of the United States of America.(2015陜西卷)A.was to bee B.beesC.is to bee D.became答案A句意:在大學(xué)時(shí),貝拉克奧巴馬不知道他會成為美國的第一任黑人總統(tǒng)。由didnt know可知,此處表示從過去(上大學(xué)時(shí))看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,要用過去將來時(shí),即謂語動(dòng)詞用would/should do,也可以用was/were to do表示,故選A。9.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students_ what is bothering them.(2015湖南卷)A.to talk over B.talked overC.talk over D.having talked over答案A句意:有時(shí)對我的同學(xué)來說我充當(dāng)了聽眾的角色,以便與他們詳細(xì)聊一聊正在困擾他們的事情。本句用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。10._ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.(2015北京卷)A.Catching B.CaughtC.To catch D.Catch答案C句意:為了趕上早班飛機(jī),我們提前預(yù)定了出租車并且很早就起了床。邏輯主語是we,用不定式作目的狀語,表示提前預(yù)定出租車并且早起的目的。故選C。11.There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(北京卷)A.solving B.solvedC.being solved D.to be solved答案D句意:在我們準(zhǔn)備長期居住在月球上之前,還有許多問題有待解決。此處考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語,修飾problems,solve和其邏輯主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,排除A項(xiàng),再根據(jù)句意知道問題還沒有解決,故用動(dòng)詞不定式來表示有待于發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。12.Trump Tower,_ as the headquarters for The Trump Organization,is a 58-story-skycraper_ in Midtown Manhattan.A.serving;located B.served;locatedC.served;locating D.serving;locating答案A句意:川普大樓,作為川普集團(tuán)的總部,是一座坐落于曼哈頓市中心的58層的摩天大廈。serve as和邏輯主語Trump Tower為主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語;locate和邏輯主語構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,be located in意為“坐落于”,故用過去分詞作定語。13.Would you mind going to the movies by yourself tonight?I am afraid.I will feel lonely in the theatre,with no one _ me.A.being acpanied B.acpainedC.to acpany D.having acpanied答案C句意:“你介不介意今晚一個(gè)人去看電影?”“我介意。沒有人在電影院陪我的話,我會感到孤獨(dú)?!?with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,acpany作賓補(bǔ)和賓語no one構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系,并且動(dòng)作發(fā)生于將來,故用不定式的主動(dòng)形式。14.Women deserve to be treated with dignity and they should make their voices _ in the world.A.heard B.having heardC.hearing D.to be heard答案A句意:女性應(yīng)該得到尊嚴(yán),而且她們應(yīng)該在世界上發(fā)表自己的意見。分析句子成分可知,voice和hear之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故heard符合題意。make ones voice heard意為“發(fā)表意見,表達(dá)心聲”。- 1.請仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對于不預(yù)覽、不比對內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來的問題本站不予受理。
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