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中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)2007屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
本次結(jié)業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的題目是輪胎式液壓挖掘機(jī)與其它類型的挖掘機(jī)相比,這種類型的挖掘機(jī)有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn),它使用汽車底盤.因此,行駛速度較履帶式更快,此外,它還有很好的適應(yīng)性,可以市區(qū)中行走,其引它采用液壓傳動(dòng),這改善了挖掘機(jī)的整機(jī)性能,使其更可靠,再次可以在多個(gè)方向上工作,并準(zhǔn)確卸載,且可方便卸載.
本次設(shè)計(jì)的主要參數(shù)是給出了斗容量:1m3 .本次主要設(shè)計(jì)挖掘機(jī)的工作裝置,回轉(zhuǎn)驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置,液壓傳動(dòng)原理.
在設(shè)計(jì)中,我采用了汽車盤并加以改一個(gè)更大的范圍內(nèi)工作,因造以滿足要求,上部轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)是全回轉(zhuǎn)式,因此它可在采用了液壓傳動(dòng)控制而使整機(jī)性能得以改善.與機(jī)械式挖掘機(jī)相經(jīng),其挖掘機(jī)力提高了很多,整機(jī)質(zhì)量約26噸,挖掘力140KN,卸載高度約4.59m,挖掘深度5.089m,挖掘半徑9.075m.
關(guān)鍵詞:液壓挖掘機(jī); 液壓控制; 液壓系統(tǒng); 全回轉(zhuǎn); 卸載; 鏟斗.
ABSTRACT
This time topic which graduates a design is tire type the liquid press to scoop out machine and other types of the excavation machine compare, the excavation machine of this kind of type contain a lot of advantages, it uses car bedrock.Therefore drive speed to compare with track type, sooner, in addition, it still has good adaptability, can with run about in the downtown, it leads it to adopt a liquid to press to spread to move, this whole machine function which improves excavation machine, make it more dependable, can work on several directions again, and accurate unload, and convenient unload.
The main parameter of this time design is to give bucket capacity:1m3 .This the main design scoop out machine of work device, the turn-over drives device, the liquid presses to spread to move principle.
In the design, I adopted car dish and take in to change a work inside the larger scope, because of build to satisfy a request, upper part's turning set is a whole turn-over type, so it can Be adopting a liquid to press to spread to move control but canning make the whole machine function improve.Scoop out machine with machine type mutually through, the its excavation machine dint raised a lot of, the whole machine quality is about 26 ton, the excavation dint 140 KN, unload height about 4.59 m, the excavation depth 5.089 m, scoop out a radius 9.075 m.
Keyword: the liquid press to scoop out machine; the liquid presses a control; the liquid presses system; whole turn-overs; unload; bucket.
目 錄
1 概述……………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 機(jī)械發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)……………………………………………………… 1
1.2 挖掘機(jī)械的類型……………………………………………………… 2
1.3 單斗液壓挖掘機(jī)的基本組成和工作原理…………………………… 2
1.4 本次設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)………………………………………………………… 2
2 設(shè)計(jì)方案………………………………………………………………………3
2.1 工作裝置方案設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………… 3
2.1.1 工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)原則………………………………………………… 3
2.1.2 反鏟裝置的組成及構(gòu)造特點(diǎn)……………………………………… 3
2.1.3 具體結(jié)構(gòu)方案……………………………………………………… 4
2.2 回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)方案設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………… 5
2.2.1 對(duì)回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)的基本要求…………………………………………… 5
2.2.2 回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)的選擇…………………………………………………… 5
2.2.3 制動(dòng)器的選擇……………………………………………………… 6
2.3 液壓系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………… 6
2.3.1 單斗液壓挖掘機(jī)的作業(yè)過程包括下列幾個(gè)間歇?jiǎng)幼鳌?6
2.3.2 對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)的要求………………………………………………… 6
3 工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算………………………………………………………… 7
3.1 尺寸估計(jì)……………………………………………………………… 7
3.2 運(yùn)動(dòng)分析……………………………………………………………… 8
3.2.1機(jī)構(gòu)自身幾何參數(shù)………………………………………………… 8
3.2.2 動(dòng)臂的運(yùn)動(dòng) ……………………………………………………… 8
3.2.3 斗桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)…………………………………………………………12
3.2.4 鏟斗的運(yùn)動(dòng)…………………………………………………………13
3.3 工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算…………………………………………………14
3.3.1 斗形參數(shù)選擇………………………………………………………14
3.3.2 轉(zhuǎn)斗挖掘阻力計(jì)算…………………………………………………14
3.3.3 動(dòng)臂機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù)的選擇………………………………………………15
3.3.4 鏟斗機(jī)構(gòu)的參數(shù)選擇………………………………………………20
3.3.5 鏟斗機(jī)構(gòu)載荷分析…………………………………………………21
3.3.6 斗桿機(jī)構(gòu)的參數(shù)選擇………………………………………………22
3.3.7 動(dòng)臂液壓缸，斗桿液壓缸，鏟斗液壓缸初步設(shè)計(jì)估算…………24
4 回轉(zhuǎn)裝置設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算………………………………………………………… 25
4.1 滾動(dòng)軸承式回轉(zhuǎn)支承的選型計(jì)算……………………………………25
4.2 回轉(zhuǎn)起動(dòng)力矩和制動(dòng)力矩計(jì)算………………………………………31
4.3 行星減速器設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………32
4.3.1 齒形及精度…………………………………………………………33
4.3.2 齒輪材料及其性能…………………………………………………33
4.3.3 計(jì)算傳動(dòng)比…………………………………………………………33
4.3.4 分配傳動(dòng)比…………………………………………………………33
4.3.5 高速級(jí)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算……………………………………………………34
4.3.6 低速級(jí)的計(jì)算………………………………………………………45
4.3.7 軸的設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………47
5 轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)布置和整機(jī)穩(wěn)定性…………………………………………………… 47
5.1 轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)布置………………………………………………………………47
5.2 整機(jī)穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算………………………………………………………48
6 液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………… 50
6.1 液壓系統(tǒng)基本回路……………………………………………………50
6.2系統(tǒng)初步計(jì)算和液壓元件的選用……………………………………54
結(jié)論……………………………………………………………………………56
參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………57
致謝……………………………………………………………………………58