Hydraulichydraulic pressDefinition:Liquid as a medium to transfer energy of forging machine.HydraulicIs a kind of hydraulic fluid as working medium, made according to Pascal's principle is used to transfer energy to achieve a variety of process machinery. Generally by the hydraulic press machine (host), power systems and hydraulic control system consists of three parts.IntroductionHydraulic press (also known as: hydraulic machine) made use of Pascal's law of liquid pressure using a mechanical drive many types. Of course, the purpose is also the rootIt needs to be varied. Such as by passing the liquid pressure to sub-type, hydraulic machines and hydraulic machines have two major categories. The total hydraulic pressure generated, commonly used in the forging and stamping. Forging hydraulic press is divided into forging hydraulic press and free forging hydraulic press two. Forging hydraulic press to use the mold, but do not die free forging hydraulic press. China made the first ten thousand tons forging hydraulic press hydraulic press is free. Hydraulic equipment repair and maintenance of 1 space for each load operation should start 2-5 minutes (longer in winter can be added, not less than 30 minutes), before work. 2, one week later in the use of new equipment will need a full oil filtration and cleaning the tank, and then based on the work load of the machine ,3-6 months to replace a fluid, cleaning the tank. 3, the process of using heat because the system is strictly prohibited and will open the tank lid or the filling hole. After adjusting the pressure gauge switch should be off (long-term ban on pressure gauge switch, damaging the gauge). 5, is strictly prohibited outdoor use, water-resistant measures should beusesIs a kind of hydraulic fluid as working medium, used to transfer energy to achieve a variety of process machinery. In addition to forging hydraulic press forming, but alsoHydraulicCan be used for correction, pressure loading, packing, such as briquettes and plate. Including hydraulic press and hydraulic press hydraulic press. To work with water-based liquid medium called hydraulic press, the oil as the working medium is called hydraulic press. General specifications of hydraulic work with nominal force (kN) or nominal tonnage (tons) said. Forging hydraulic press is a hydraulic multi-tonnage high. To reduce the equipment size, large forging hydraulic press used a high pressure (about 35 MPa), and sometimes high pressure of 100 MPa or more. Other uses of hydraulic machines generally use 6 to 25 MPa working pressure. Tonnage hydraulic machine hydraulic machine than lower.HistoryIn 1795, the United Kingdom J. Bula Mo application Pascal invented the hydraulic principles for packaging, pressed vegetable oil. To the mid-19th century, the British began to hydraulic press for forging, hydraulic press then gradually replaced the large steam hammer. The 19th century, the United States made 126,000 kN free forging hydraulic press. Since then, the world has made more than 20 sets of 10 million cattle-class free forging hydraulic press, which are made in China 2 (see color pictures). With the emergence of high-pressure pump and electric sound, forging hydraulic press is also to less-tonnage direction. After the 1950s there have been small, fast forging hydraulic press, can be the equivalent of 30 to 50 kN hammer work. 40 years, the giant German made 180 000 kN hydraulic forging machine, then the world has made more than 180 000 kN hydraulic forging machine 18 sets, including one made in China of 300,000 kN.WorksHydraulic works. Large and small piston area were S2, S1, for on the plungerHydraulicForce, respectively F2, F1. According to Pascal's principle, confined fluid pressure is equal throughout, that F2/S2 = F1/S1 = p; F2 = F1 (S2/S1). That the gain of the role of hydraulic and mechanical gain, as force increases, but does not gain power, so a large movement of the plunger from the plunger movement is a small distance S1 / S 2-fold.The working mediumHydraulic working fluid used in the role of not only the delivery pressure, and the working parts of the machine work to ensure sensitive, reliable, long life and leak less. Hydraulic working medium of the basic requirements are: ① have appropriate liquidity and low compressibility, in order to improve transmission efficiency; ② to prevent corrosion; ③ good lubricating properties; ④ easy to seal; ⑤ stable, long-term work without deterioration. Initial hydraulic water as the working medium, after the switch to a small amount of emulsified oil in water emulsion made to increase lubricity and reduce corrosion. Appeared in the late 19th century as a working fluid to mineral oil hydraulic machine. Oil has good lubricity, corrosion resistance and moderate viscosity, will help to improve hydraulic performance. Half of the 20th century, the emergence of new water-based emulsion, the emulsion form is the “water in oil“ rather than the original “oil in water.“ “Water in oil,“ the foreign minister of oil emulsion, its lubricity and corrosion resistance close to the oil, and oil content very few and difficult to burn. However, water-based emulsion expensive, limiting its promotion.StructureFirst, the driveHydraulic drive systems are direct drive pump and pump - Accumulator drive two types. This direct drive pump driveDrive systemPump system to provide high-pressure working fluid hydraulic cylinder with the valve used to change for the fluid flow direction, limit the relief valve is used to adjust the system pressure, while the overflow from the security role. This drive system is part of a small, simple structure, according to the required pressure can automatically increase or decrease the work force, reducing power consumption, but the greatest work by hydraulic force and to determine the maximum operating speed of the pump and its drive motor. This type of drive system used for small and medium sized hydraulic machines, but also useful for large-scale direct-drive pump (such as 120 000 kN) free forging hydraulic press. Pump - Accumulator drive in this drive system has a storage device or a group. When the pump high-pressure working fluid supply a margin, by the accumulator storage; and when the supply is insufficient when necessary, will be added by the accumulator supply. This system can be used by high-pressure working fluid, the average amount of use the pump and motor capacity, but because the working fluid pressure is constant, the energy consumption of a large and multi-link system, the structure is more complex. This drive system is used for large-scale hydraulic machine, or a drive system with a number of hydraulic machines.Second, the structure typeDistinguished by the direction of force, hydraulic machine with vertical and horizontal. Most of the vertical hydraulic press, squeeze with liquidStructurePress the multi-purpose horizontal. Divided by structure type, there are double-column hydraulic press, four-column, eight columns, welded steel frame and multi-layer framework and other types of wound, medium and small vertical hydraulic press as well as with the C-frame. C-frame hydraulic press three sides open, easy to operate, but poor rigidity. Stamping welding frame with hydraulic rigidity, before and after the open, but so close. Vertical transmission of the four-poster in the free forging hydraulic press, the cylinder fixed to the upper beam, the beam rigid plunger and activities connected to the beam by the column-oriented activities, the role of the working fluid under pressure moves up and down. Beam can be moved back and forth on the table. Activities and work under the beams were installed on the counter under the anvil and the anvil. Work force by the upper and lower frame composed of beams and columns to bear. The use of pumps - large accumulator-driven, medium-sized free forging hydraulic press is often used three working cylinder, in order to get three work force. Work outside the cylinder also has put up the tank and return the balance of power cylinder.ClassificationBy structure is divided into: Four-column, single-pole (C type), horizontal, vertical frameworks. The end-use consists of metal forming, bending, stretching, punching, powder (metal, non-metallic) forming, press-fit, and compression. Large forging hot forging hydraulic machine hydraulic machine is able to complete the process of forging a variety of free forging equipment, forging industry is the most widely used equipment. There 800T, 1600T, 2000T, 2500T, 3150T, 4000T, 5000T series forging hydraulic machine specifications. Four-column hydraulic machine hydraulic machine for the suppression of plastic materials technology. Such as powder molding, plastic molding, cold (hot) extrusion metal forming, sheet tension and transverse compression, bending pressure, turned through, correction process. Four-column hydraulic press can be divided into two four-column hydraulic press beam, three beam four-post hydraulic press, hydraulic press and other four-post four beams. Hydraulic arm (single-column hydraulic press) to expand the scope of work, the use of space on three sides, extended hydraulic cylinder stroke (optional), the largest retractable 260mm-800mm, working pressure can be preset; hydraulic system cooling. Hydraulic GantryDouble-column hydraulic pressThis series of products applicable to all parts of the press-fit, tone bending plastic, embossed indentation, flanging, punching and small parts of the shallow stretch; powdered metal forming and other processes. With electric control, with jog and semi-automatic cycle, when the insurable rolling, and has a good slider-oriented, easy to operate, easy to maintain, economical and durable. According to the needs of users can be added thermal instrumentation, the top cylinder, digital trip, counting and other functions. From Zhengzhou Xin and Machine Co., LtdEdit this paragraph hydroforming technologyFirst, the advantagesCompared with the traditional stamping process, hydro-forming process in reducing weight, reducing the number of parts and molds, increase stiffness and strength, reduce production costs has obvious technical and economic advantages in the industrial field, especially in the automotive industry has been more and more applications. In the automotive and aviation, aerospace and other fields, to reduce structural mass in order to save energy is that people run in the long-term goal is the development of advanced manufacturing technology, one of the trends. Hydraulic forming (hydroforming) is a lightweight structure for the realization of advanced manufacturing technology. Hydroforming is also known as “hydroforming“, which is based on the basic principles of pipe as a blank, to exert high pressure fluid within the pipe, while the two ends of the tube under axial thrust, for feeding. In both the joint action of external forces, plastic deformation of the tube material, and ultimately fit with the mold cavity wall, to get the shape and precision meet the technical requirements of the hollow parts.Second, the advantagesVariable cross-section for hollow structural parts, the traditional manufacturing process is the first sheet metal forming two and a half and then welded into a whole, while the hydraulic forming an overall shape can vary along the member section of the hollow structures. Compared with the stamping and welding processes, hydro-forming technology and processes has the following main advantages: □ reduce quality and save material. For car engine bay, radiator brackets and other typical components, hydroforming parts stamping parts to reduce 20% than 40%; ladder for hollow shaft parts, can be reduced 40% to 50% of the weight. □ reduce the number of parts and molds, lower tooling costs. Hydroforming parts usually only need one set of molds, but most need more sets of stamping dies. Hydroforming parts of the engine bracket was reduced from 6 to 1, the radiator bracket parts was reduced from 17 to 10. □ can reduce the subsequent machining and assembly welding capacity. The radiator brackets, for example, cooling area increased 43%, solder joints was reduced from 174 to 20, processes from the 13 down to six, productivity increased by 66%. □ improve the strength and stiffness, especially in fatigue strength, such as hydroforming of radiator bracket, the stiffness in the vertical direction can be increased 39%, the horizontal direction can be increased by 50%. □ reduce production costs. Has been applied based on statistical analysis of hydroforming parts, hydraulic forming parts stamping parts than the average production cost reduced by 15% to 20%, tooling costs reduced by 20% to 30%.Hydroforming process applicationsFirst, the rangeHydroforming process in the automotive, aviation, aerospace and pipe industry has been widely used, mainly for: changes along the axis of the circular component, rectangular, or shaped cross-section hollow structural parts, such as automotive exhaust systems shaped tube parts; non-circular hollow section framework, such as the engine bay, dashboard frame, body frame (about 11% of vehicle mass to 15%); hollow shaft parts and complex pipe. Figure 2 is the hydroforming process for the automotive industry in the manufacture of some of the typical parts. Hydroforming process the application materials include carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper alloys and nickel alloys, in principle, suitable for cold forming materials are suitable for hydroforming process. Mainly for auto parts factory, electronics factory, electrical plant, heat treatment plant, vehicle accessories factory, gear factory, air-conditioning parts factorySecond, the characteristics1 in accordance with the function and purpose can score as follows: powder molding hydraulic machineHeavy beam automobile hydraulicNon-metallic special hydraulic machineRepair of hydraulic machineryCarbon Products hydraulicMo hydraulic feed productsCeramics hydraulic(2) according to type can be divided into:Four-column hydraulic press two beamsThree girder four-column hydraulic pressSingle-arm hydraulic pressHydraulic Gantry3 according to tonnage divided into:100 t hydraulic press150 t hydraulic press200 t hydraulic press300 t hydraulic press315 t hydraulic press500 t hydraulic press800 t hydraulic pressOptional equipmentMain functions (with optional part of the tooling) anti-top cylinder press-fit large-scale electronic devices, transmission gear and shaft deformation of the workpiece calibration correction removable front axle bearings tapered cylindrical membrane spring clutch officials for press-fit bearing wheel bearing replacement reaction rod outer tight assembly with removable rubber parts for a variety of clutch spring buffer stop pin riveting, cutting, cast rear axle gear basin rivet press-fit piston pin, steering knuckle pins and pin sets of 45 main parts and the whole cast quenching table is movable center plate structureHydraulic technical reference materialNominal kn 3150Maximum fluid pressure mpa 31Slide stroke mm 400Maximum opening height mm 650Column center distance (about × front) mm 800 × 500Table effective area (about × front) mm 700 × 700Table dimensions (about × front) mm 1000 × 700Table Height mm 680Machine area mm 2150 × 900Machine height mm 2400Motor power kw 11Maintenance SystemCare and maintenance: work oil recommended 32, 46 anti-wear hydraulic oil, used oil in the range of 15 to 60 degrees Celsius. 2. Oil industry allowed to join after strict filtering tank. 3. Working fluid replaced once every year, which replaced the first time should not exceed three months; 4. Lubricant should always note the slider, the column should be kept clean exterior appearance, each work should be preceded by oil jets. 5. Concentrated load at nominal pressure under the maximum allowable 500T eccentric 40mm. Too easy to make the column eccentric strain or other undesirable phenomena occur. 6. A pressure gauge calibration check every six months; 7. Machine than the long-term disabled, should the increase - plant surfaces cleaned and coated with anti-rust oil. Safety procedures 1, structural performance of the machine or do not understand the operating procedures are not allowed to start the machine; 2, the machine during operation, repair and adjustment should not die; 3, when the machine found a serious leak or other abnormalities (such as action not reliable, noise, vibration, etc.) should analyze the reasons for stopping, trying to exclude, not sick production: 4, shall not exceed the maximum eccentricity of overloading or use: 5, more than is strictly prohibited slider stroke, shut height minimum shall not die less than 600mm. 6, the ground must be solid and reliable electrical equipment: 7, end of the day: put the slider to the lowest position.ForgingDefinition:External force applied on the blank to produce plastic deformation changes the size, shape and performance, for the manufacture of rough, mechanical parts forming method. Is the general term for forging and stamping.Forging is a forging and stamping together, is the use of mechanical forging hammer, anvil blocks, punches or put pressure on the blank through the die, so that the plastic deformation, to achieve the desired shape and size of the parts of the forming method .IntroductionIn the forging process, the overall incidence of significant stock plastic deformation, a relatively large amount of plastic flow; in the stamping process, the blank parts of the main area by changing the spatial location and shape, its large distance does not appear within the plastic flow. Forging is mainly used for machining metal parts can also be used to process some non-metallic, such as engineering plastics, rubber, ceramic blank, brick and composite materials, forming, etc. Forging and rolling in the metallurgical industry, pulling the system belong to the plastic processing, or pressure processing, but mainly for the production of metal parts forging, and rolling, drawing and other major system for the production of sheet, strip, pipe, profiles and wire and other metal materials versatility. Forging is a forging and stamping together, like industry and trade, also known as Industry, Trade and Industry on schedule.HistoryIn the late Neolithic humans have begun to hammer copper to create natural ornaments and small items. China about 2,000 years BC, has been applied in the cold forging process manufacturing tools, such as Gansu Wuwei Wong Goddess Taiwan Qijia copper artifacts unearthed cultural relics, there are obvious hammer marks. Mid-weapons business with siderite, with a heat forging process. Block the late spring and refining wrought iron is forged to squeeze through repeated heating and oxide inclusions formed. Initially, people picked by the hammer for forging, who was there through the pulley to lift heavy hammer La Shengsuo and then free fall method of forging billets. 14th century after the emergence of animal power and hydraulic drop hammer forging. In 1842, the British made the first steam hammer Neishimisi, forging into the application of power to the era. Start to appear after forging hydraulic press, plywood motor-driven hammer, air hammer and mechanical presses. Splint was first used in the American Civil War Hammer (1861 ~ 1865) period, for forging weapons parts, then in Europe a steam forging hammer, forging process gradually extended. The 19th century has formed the basic categories of modern forging machinery. The early 20th century, with the automobile began to mass production, the rapid development of hot forging, forging into the main process. Mid-20th century, hot forging presses, forging machines and non-flat anvil hammer gradually replaced the ordinary hammer, increase productivity, reduce vibration and noise. With no less forging oxidation heating technology, high precision and high life of the mold, hot extrusion, rolling and other forming a new forging process and forging man