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外文資料2
The magnetic machining technology
Use the magnetic field generated by abrasive grinding pressure magnetic mechanical polishing surface finishing another new technology. Currently, the right components within a round face, cylindrical surface, plane. Molding and so on the surface of the complex shape of small and medium parts of the surface magnetic machining development and research. From the principle of speaking, it can be any geometric shape of the surface of precision finishing. Therefore, there is a broad prospect, will produce good economic and social benefits.
The magnetism grind of process principle
Given one pair of poles, between the two poles of a magnetic field formed, full of the energy and intensity generated magnetic induction. If a magnetic filled with both magnetic and has cutting ability of composite mill Magnetic Abrasive, Abrasive grains will closely ,and with the rules and form a "magnetic brush".
Magnetic Abrasive grains in the "magnetic brush", if home work piece, "magnetic brush" will be the magnetic "pressure" in the form of role in the work piece surface. In order to achieve the surface of the work piece machining, work piece also must give way to the campaign--rotation and axial vibration. With the work piece and Magnetic Abrasive grains relative movement between the produce, Magnetic Abrasive grains on the work piece surface rough, and the burr edge, corner are all magnetic induction intensity and the magnetic field lines were concentrated, so they were the first to be processed, to the removal of burrs and surface finishing purposes. Magnetic grinding process, the single abrasive the magnetic field, maintaining the magnetic field strength and tangential to the common role of friction, so abrasive to maintain stability in the process space. Implementation of the work piece surface grinding process. At the same time the processing region external magnetic abrasive grains because of the strength of the magnetic field,will automatically go to the work piece machining regional pool, filling in the pole between the work piece and in the processing, formed a complete and continuous processing.
Abrasive grinding mechanism
In magnetic ground processing, magnetic powder abrasive grain is a grain group, by the magnetic field in magnetic pressure and the role to the work piece surface. Abrasive the force as mentioned above. According to the theory of precision cutting and Moldova rub theory, we can see the magnetic abrasive grinding machining and work piece surface contact sliding rub, squeeze, Characterizations and cutting phenomenon . Thus the magnetic grinding mechanism mainly include the following
1、Trace Cutting and extrusion;
2、Multiple plastic deformation wear;
3、Corrosion friction and wear;
4、Electrochemical wear;
5、Abrasive Cutting trajectory.
Magnetic lapping processing technologies and advanced innovative
Magnetic abroad grinding technology has been successfully applied in many areas. If the stainless steel cylinder wall net grinding, as amended Super abrasive Grinding Wheel, grinding plastic lens, slender shaft ceramic processing, Bearing in Central and Raceway, hydraulic machinery used lubricating valves, gear pumps, ball valves, stainless steel household utensils, thread roller, Ball Screws, ball bearings Cage, disc brakes.
Magnetic lapping processing technology popularization and application prospects
Magnetic lapping processing technology is constantly in recent years as a research and development of new technologies, mainly for various molding surface, dysphasia surface, small spiral surface and surface trench finishing and removes burrs. The current processing technology has been successfully applied to many hi--tech field, can not only realize remove burrs and improve the surface quality of parts, but only so much of the manual processing of finished parts to achieve automation, reduce the labor intensity, improvements to the working environment, but also substantially increased the productivity, stability, quality of processing. For example :The stainless steel cylinder wall net grinding, convex oval piston surface, within the trench and with the cross-with-the finished surface of demurring, hydraulic components , sewing machines Shaped small parts automobile engine parts, aerospace, medical equipment, electronic components and other mechanical tools various parts of precision machining, to replace the traditional and backward processing techniques and methods to improve the mechanical parts surface quality , resolve the current production of parts is not high surface quality problems.
However, as a magnetic polishing abrasive magnetic abrasive, China is still not in production, its use mainly rely on imports. Magnetic Abrasive Finishing led to the high cost of a serious constraint magnetic lapping processing technology in our application. This magnetic abrasive not only repeated use, import substitution magnetic abrasive, but also because of simple preparation technology , do not need high temperature and high pressure and cooling equipment, energy-saving and environmentally-friendly, low production costs, promote the use of very broad prospects, and is expected to make a good economic and social benefits.
中文譯文2
磁性研磨加工技術(shù)
利用磁場(chǎng)中的磁性磨料所產(chǎn)生的磁磨壓力進(jìn)行磁性研磨加工時(shí)機(jī)械零件表面光整加工的又一新工藝。目前，已對(duì)零件的內(nèi)圓面、外圓面、平面、成形面等表面及幾何形狀復(fù)雜的中小型零件表面進(jìn)行了磁性研磨加工的開發(fā)研究。從原理上講，它可以對(duì)任何幾何形狀的表面進(jìn)行精密光整加工。因此，有著十分廣闊的應(yīng)用前景，必將產(chǎn)生良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。
1、 磁性研磨的加工原理
給定一對(duì)磁極，在兩磁極間形成了一個(gè)磁場(chǎng)，就充滿磁能并且產(chǎn)生磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度。如果在磁極中填充一種既具有磁性又具有切削能力的復(fù)合磨料——磁性磨料，磨料磨粒將緊密地、有規(guī)則地排列起來，形成“磁刷”。
在磁性磨料磨粒的“磁刷”中，置入被加工工件，“磁刷”產(chǎn)生的磁力將以“壓力”的形式作用于工件表面上。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)工件表面的加工，還必須給工件的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式——旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)和軸向運(yùn)動(dòng)。隨著工件與磁性磨料磨粒間相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的產(chǎn)生，磁性磨料磨粒對(duì)工件表面產(chǎn)生磨削，實(shí)現(xiàn)工件表面的再加工。由于工件表面的粗糙不平處、毛刺以及棱邊、尖角等都是磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度大和磁力線幾種的部位，因而這些部位首先得到加工，從而達(dá)到去除毛刺和表面光整加工的目的。磁性研磨過程中，單顆磨粒在磁場(chǎng)作用力、磁場(chǎng)保持力和切向摩擦力的共同作用下，使磨粒穩(wěn)定地保持在加工間隙中，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)工件表面的研磨加工。同時(shí)處在加工區(qū)域外部的磁性磨料磨粒由于受磁場(chǎng)力的作用，將自動(dòng)向工件加工區(qū)域匯集，填充于磁極和工件之間參與加工，形成一個(gè)完整和連續(xù)的加工過程。
3、 磨粒的磨削機(jī)理
在磁性研磨加工中，磁性磨料是由微粉磨粒組成的磨粒群，在磁場(chǎng)中受到磁力的作用而壓向工件表面，磨料受力情況如前所述。根據(jù)精密切削理論和摩擦學(xué)理論，可以得知磨粒在磁性研磨加工中與工件表面產(chǎn)生接觸滑擦、擠壓、刻劃和切削等現(xiàn)象。因此磁性研磨的磨削機(jī)理主要包括以下幾方面：
1、微量切削與擠壓作用；
2、多次塑變磨損作用；
3、摩擦腐蝕磨損作用；
4、電化學(xué)磨損作用；
5、磨粒的切削軌跡。
4、 磁性研磨加工技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新性與先進(jìn)性
國(guó)外的磁性研磨技術(shù)已經(jīng)成功地應(yīng)用在多個(gè)方面。如不銹鋼凈氣瓶的內(nèi)壁研磨，研磨修正超硬磨料砂輪，研磨塑料透鏡，細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸類陶瓷加工，軸承環(huán)及內(nèi)外圈滾道，液壓機(jī)械用的滑閥、泵齒輪、球閥，家用不銹鋼器皿，螺紋壓輥，滾珠絲杠，滾動(dòng)軸承保持架，盤形制動(dòng)器。
5、 磁性研磨加工技術(shù)的推廣應(yīng)用前景
磁性研磨加工技術(shù)是近年來不斷開發(fā)研究的一種新技術(shù)，主要用于各種成型表面、異型曲面、螺旋表面及細(xì)小溝槽表面進(jìn)行光整加工及去除毛刺。目前這一加工技術(shù)已成功地應(yīng)用于許多高新技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，不僅可以實(shí)現(xiàn)去毛刺、提高零件表面質(zhì)量，而且使許多原來只能用手工加工的零件的精加工實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化，簡(jiǎn)琴了工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，改善了工作環(huán)境，也大幅度提高了生產(chǎn)效率，穩(wěn)定了加工質(zhì)量。例如：不銹鋼凈氣瓶的內(nèi)壁研磨，中凸變橢圓鋁合金活塞表面、帶有內(nèi)溝槽及內(nèi)交叉孔等內(nèi)表面的精加工的去毛刺，液壓元件、縫紉機(jī)異型小零件、汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)零件、航空航天、醫(yī)療器械、電子元件、各種刀具等機(jī)械零件的精密加工，以取代傳統(tǒng)落后的加工工藝和方法，提高機(jī)械零件的表面質(zhì)量，解決目前生產(chǎn)中零件表面質(zhì)量不高的難題。
然而，作為磁性研磨加工磨具的磁性磨具，目前在我國(guó)還不能生產(chǎn)，它的使用主要依靠進(jìn)口，導(dǎo)致磁性研磨加工的成本居高不下，嚴(yán)重制約了磁性研磨加工技術(shù)在我國(guó)的推廣應(yīng)用。這種磁性磨具不但可以多次重復(fù)使用，帶頭進(jìn)口磁性磨具，而且，因其制備工藝簡(jiǎn)單、不需要高溫高壓和冷卻設(shè)備，因此節(jié)約能源，利于環(huán)保，生產(chǎn)成本低，推廣應(yīng)用前景十分廣闊，并且渴望取得良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。