2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別講練 北師大版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別講練 北師大版 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛剛終止，也可能仍在進(jìn)行。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“have/has+been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，有些動(dòng)詞，如：work,study,live,teach等用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的意思差不多。例如： I have worked here for three years. I have been working here for three years. 但多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在這兩種時(shí)態(tài)中表示不同意義。如： I have written a letter.(已寫完) I have been writing a letter.（還在寫） 在比較這兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，關(guān)鍵在于要對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本概念有所了解。 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是兼有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)二者基本特點(diǎn)的時(shí)態(tài)，由于它有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特點(diǎn)，所以它可以表示某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響，又由于它有現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)，所以它也可以表示某一動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性、臨時(shí)性、重復(fù)性和生動(dòng)性。 現(xiàn)在就現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的這些特點(diǎn)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)作簡(jiǎn)單的比較： 首先，從動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性來(lái)區(qū)別。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在仍在繼續(xù)；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成或表示曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)。例如： I have been reading that book since last week.（還在讀） I have read that book before.（動(dòng)作在過(guò)去曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)） 其次，從感情色彩上看?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在不久前持續(xù)進(jìn)行，帶有感情色彩；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果。例如： Where have you been?We have been looking for you everywhere.(表示剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作) We have looked for him,but haven’t found him.（表示動(dòng)作已結(jié)束，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果） 下面還有一例，頗為有趣： （a）Who’s been eating my apples? (b)Who’s eaten my apples? (a)句有強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩，表示噴怒不滿，（b）句只是希望能夠給予回答。（a）句兼有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，所以有“蘋果未被全部吃光”的意思，（b）句是完成時(shí)態(tài)，說(shuō)明“蘋果一個(gè)不剩了”。 最后，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在以前的這段時(shí)間內(nèi)反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。例如： All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.這些年來(lái)。他們一直為我們雜志寫稿。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)篇 A. Correct the following sentences. 1. All these years they are contributing articles to our magazine. 2. I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon. 3. What have you been doing before you left Oxford? 4. Its a good job. Have you done it all by yourself? 5. Alice didnt see much of Henry lately. 6. Im glad to tell you that you passed the exam. B. plete the following sentences with the right form of the verbs given. 1. You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview. 2. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year. 3. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning. 4. I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon. 5. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night. C. Make the best choices. 1. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. — I think so. He ________ for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked 3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked 6. —I have got a headache. —No wonder. You_________ in front of that puter too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked 7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling 8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider 9. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet? —Yes. We had a great time there. A. Have ; shown B. Do ; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show 10. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale. —I am tired. I _______ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 參考答案 Key： A. 1. are→have been 2. have been drinking→have drunk 3. have→had 4. Have you done→Did you do 5. didnt seen→hasnt seen 6. passed→have passed B. 1. have been looking 2. stayed 3. has been playing/ has played 4. wondered 5. have been waiting C. 1-5 DCDDC 6-10 CABA C