外研版高二英語必修五Module-4-Carnival知識點講解與練習

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外研版高二英語必修五Module 4 Carnival Part1詞匯精講精練 一、重點詞匯 1. mark vt. 1　 to write, to draw a symbol, line...做記號 mark A with B; mark B on A 用B在A上做記號 eg. Some drivers mark the cars_____”New Drivers. Take Care Please”. 2　 to celebrate or officially remember an event 紀念 eg.This is a ceremony______the 100th anniversary of The Revolution of 1911. 3　 to be a sign that sth. new is going to happen 標志著 eg. ___________Ben Laden________a great change in anti-terrorism war in Afghanistan.(本 拉登的死標志著在阿富汗的反恐戰(zhàn)爭發(fā)生了巨大變化。） 4　 to give marks to students’ work 批改 eg. I hate_______________.(我討厭批改試卷） n. 污點（spot,dirt); 符號，記號；成績，分數 be marked with 標記著 be marked on 標記在…… mark down 記下，降低……價格、分數 make one’s mark 出名，成功 Exercise: 寫出下列句子中mark的含義 1　 He made marks with a pencil. 2　 The festival is to mark the city’s 200th anniversary. 3　 He was marking essay in his small study. 4　 He did well to get such a good mark. There is no_____of rain today. It is not necessary for you to take your raincoat. A. mark B.symbol C.sign D.message Through hard work, the girl has achieved______progress since the beginning of this semester. A. remarked B.remarking C.marked D.remarkable 2.dress vi./vt. sb. dress sb. be dressed in=dress oneself in dress up as /for 裝扮成；為……裝扮 dress sb. up as /for 把某人裝扮成……/為……裝扮某人 eg. _________a long time__________.(她穿衣要花很長時間。） He____________and went out in a hurry.(他給兒子穿好衣服就匆匆出去了。） Many people______________animals during carnival. (在狂歡節(jié)期間，很多人都把自己打扮成動物。） 比較：put on, wear, dress, have on Exercise: 1　 Hurry up! ______your coat______. 2　 She______a diamond necklace. 3　 She______her baby. 4　 Jane______a red jacket______. 5　 Do you know the boy who is______a red T-shirt? A.putting on B.wearing in C.dressed in D.having on 3.originate v. to happen or appear for the first time in a place or situation 起源，發(fā)源 eg. The style of architecture_______Greece. (這種建筑風格起源于希臘。） origin n. the point from which sth.starts 起源，源頭 eg. Most coughs are viral________. (大多數咳嗽是由病毒引發(fā)的。） original 1　 adj. at the beginning of a particular process 原來的，起初的 2　 n. a document or art produced for the first time 真跡，原稿 eg. This painting is a copy._________is in the Summer Palace. （這是復制品，原件在故宮里。） 4. come to an end to reach the point at which sth. can no longer continue 結束 eg. The meeting_______________.(會議午夜才結束。） put...to an end=put an end to... 使……結束 eg. Mankind must put an end to war or war will put mankind to an end. come about come across come at come up come up with an idea come on come out 填空： 1　 How did it come_______that you both got lost? I thought you had a map. 2　 Come_______, or we will be late for the opening ceremony. 3　 He came_______me like a tiger. 4　 When the examination result came______, he had already got a job. 5　 I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they haven’t come______yet. 5. prepare prepare for prepare vt. eg. Mon________a big turkey and Dad________the family union party. be prepared for=_____________; (為……做好了準備） eg. ------Are you_______the exam? ------No, I need two more hours. I haven’t remembered all the words. A.prepared B.preparing C.prepared for D.preparing for 6. extend v. 延長，延伸 eg. Students don’t like the teachers ____________ . (學生不喜歡經常拖堂的老師） extension. n.伸展，延長，擴大 eg. We plan to have . 我們打算擴建這家醫(yī)院。 Extended adj. 擴大的，擴展的，大的 extended family 大家庭，幾世同堂 7. 7. ban/ abolish v 8. Ban 明令禁止，取締，禁止 9. Abolish 主要指廢除“法律，制度，習俗”等 She is driving for six months. 她已被禁駕6個月。 There are many bad customs and laws that 許多不良內容和法規(guī)應予以廢除。 8. End On end 直立，豎著 Bring/put an end to sth. Bring/put sth. to an end結束某件事 In the end 最后，終于 At the end of 在 末端、后 By the end of 在 結束時，在 末尾 Make both ends meet 使收支相抵 Her sudden arrival put an end to the meeting. Low as his salary is ,he can make both ends meet. 9. 9. Hide-hid-hiden v. 隱瞞，藏，遮蔽 10. Hide oneself behind the door 躲在門后（表動作） Be hidden behind the door 藏在門后（表狀態(tài)） Hide...from...把 藏起來 Hide away 藏起來 e.g. They hide me from the police in their attic.(閣樓) She tried to .她沒法不表露自己的情感 10.pretend 偽裝，假裝 Pretend to do Pretend to be doing Pretend to have done Pretend to be +adj./n Pretend that... Eg. She pretended to be reading a novel when I came into the room. She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help. The young actor pretended to be Hamlet. 那個年輕的演員扮演哈姆雷特。 二．詞匯小練習1 1. The sentimental lady tried_________her feelings under the mask, but her tones gave her away. (hide) 2. Some ordinary people could do nothing but__________rich and important, while popular personalities could have romantic adventures in secret. (pretend) 3. The travel agency has set out________a direct flight for tomorrow’s trip to London. (book) 4. The manager_________our holiday by three days into the following week, as we had completed the_________long-period research. (extend) 5. Your__________seems to be getting worse, as you can’t recall the memorable names at the war__________ceremony. (memorize) 6. After the first_________for lung cancer, she required_________again. (operator) 7. Carnival, actually_________from Europe, is celebrated with the mystery of the masks. (origin) 8. Since people have no idea what the faces behind the various masks look like, many crimes go_____________.(punishment) 9. The costumes and sights change from country to country but the festive__________is the same everywhere. (exciting) 10. In the late 1970’s the tradition carnival____________by some students. (revive) 詞匯小練習1答案： 1. to hide 2. pretend to be 3. to book 4. extended; extensive 5. memory; memorial 6. operation; to be operated on/operating on 7. originating 8. unpunished 9. excitement 10. was revived 詞匯小練習2 1. The man with black on his white trousers told me the white painted on the trees the starting point of the right route. (mark) 2. Bad customs and rules deserve . ( abolish) 3. In our class, when the bell gives the and the teacher closes his books, it is a for everyone to stand up. (sign) 4. Carnival became a relaxing way to different countries, as people forgot their everyday worries and troubles. (union) 5. for a big anniversary celebration were under way. (prepare) 6. The company plan to its commercial operations into EU members. (extension) 7. They planned to make a tour in Northern Europe to celebrate their silver . (wed) 8. enough, a woman seated beside me gave up eating when she saw me wash the dry food down that loudly way. (fun) 詞匯小練習2答案： 1. Marks, mark, marked 2. To be abolished/ abolishing 3. Signal, sign 4. unite 5. preparations 6. extend 7. wedding 8. Funnily Part2 語法強化 Grammar Passive Voice(被動語態(tài)) 1、概念 被動語態(tài)(passive voice)是動詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關系。英語的語態(tài)共有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態(tài)是動詞的一種特殊形式，一般來說，只有需要動作對象的及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。 2、結構 被動語態(tài)的基本結構為“be+及物動詞的過去分詞”。在各個常用時態(tài)中的被動語態(tài)結構如下表： 時態(tài)Tense 被動語態(tài)Passive Voice 一般現在時simple present am/is/are done 一般過去時simple past Was/were done 一般將來時future Will be done 現在完成時present perfect Have/has done 過去完成時 past perfect Had been done 現在進行時present continuous am/is/are being done 過去進行時past continuous Was/were being done e.g. You are wanted on the phone . 有你的電話。（一般現在時） The railway was built in 1998. 這條鐵路建于1998 年。（一般過去時） A new railway is being built in this city. 這個城市正在修建一條新的鐵路。（現在進行時） The railway was being built this time last year.去年這個時候這條鐵路正在修建。（過去進行時） The new railway has already been built.新鐵路已經建成了。（現在完成時） The new railway had been built by the end of last year.（過去完成時） A new railway will be built in this city next year.這個城市明年將建一條新的鐵路。（一般將來時） He told us that the new railway would be built the next year.（過去將來時） 3、主動句變被動句所遵循的4個步驟 （1）把原主動句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z。 （2）把動詞變?yōu)楸粍有问?，即be+過去分詞，并注意其人稱和數隨主語 的變化而變化，而動詞的時態(tài)則保持不變。 （3）原主動句的主語如需要則放在by后面以它的賓格形式出現，如不需要則可省略。 （4）其他成分（定語、狀語）不變。 e.g. The government cancelled the sports meeting because of the bad weather.(主動語態(tài)) The sports meeting was cancelled by the government because of the bad weather. (被動語態(tài)) 注：當不強調動作的執(zhí)行者的時候可以把by去掉。 4、其他可以表示被動的結構 （1）get +動詞的過去分詞 e.g. He got injured in the traffic accident last week. （2）look, sound, feel, smell, taste, become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, stay, keep, appear, seem, prove+形容詞/名詞。 e.g. He proved (to be) a good guide during the journey to Canada. （3）表示開始、結束、運動的動詞。 e.g. The plane takes off at 7a.m tomorrow. The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day. （4）表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞。如：read，sell，wash，write，act，iron，cut，draw，drive，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut，dry，eat，drink，etc. e.g. This kind of cloth washes well. Your pen writes smoothly. （5）少數動詞用于進行時態(tài)，其主動形式表示被動含義。 e.g. the new edition of the book is printing. （6）介詞in，on，under等+名詞。 e.g. The house is under repair. Today some treasures are on show. 及時演練 ( ) （1）--why did you have that position? --I a better position at IBM. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered ( )（2）The office is wonderful! it doesn’t taste like anything I before. A. was having B. have C. have ever had D. had ever had ( )（3）The hero’s story differently in the newspapers. A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported ( )（4）When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain. A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C . had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid ( )（5）He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. A. were deciding B. have decide C . decided D. will decide ( )（6）I must go to the booking office quickly, or the tickets . A. sell well B. will sell out C . will be sold out D. will sell well ( )（7）The storm left, a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. To cause D. having caused ( )（8） ,the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. A. General speaking B. Speaking general C . Generally speaking D. Speaking generally ( )（9）While watching television, . A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C . we heard the doorbell rings D. we heard the doorbell ring ( )（10）”You can’t catch me !” Janet shouted, away. A. run B. running C . to run D. ran 答案1-5 DCAAB 6-10CDCDB Part3隨堂演練+課后作業(yè) 完形填空 I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be _ 1 _ Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, “What would I say when the other kids asked what I’d 2 ?” Just when I started to 3 that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women 4at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of 5that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn’t 6. Somebody had thought 7of me to bring me a gift. Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my 8Christmas there special and memorable, I 9remembered the women’s visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of10 for as many children as I could possibly reach. So I 11aplan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤兒) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies,12 with a child’s name. We wanted all of them to know they were 13. Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I 14them that they couldn’t open their presents 15every child had come forward. Finally the16 they had been waiting for came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open your presents!” As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles 17up the room. The 18inthe room was obvious, and19 wasn’t just about toys. It was a feeling –the feeling I knew20that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn’t forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter. 1.A. sendingB. receivingC. makingD. exchanging 2.A. foundB. preparedC. gotD. expected 3.A. doubt B. hopeC. suggestD. accept 4.A. broke in B. settled down C. turned up D. showed off 5.A. relief B. lossC. achievementD. justice 6. A. blamedB. lovedC. forgottenD. affected 7. A. highlyB. littleC. poorlyD. enough 8. A. presentB. firstC. recentD. previous 9. A. hardlyB. instantlyC. regularlyD. occasionally 10. A. strength B. independenceC. importanceD. safety 11. A. kept up withB. caught up with C. came up with D. put up with 12. A. none B. fewC. someD. each 13. A. fineB. specialC. helpfulD. normal 14. A. remindedB. guaranteedC. convinced D. promised 15. A. after B. untilC. whenD. since 16. A. chanceB. giftC. momentD. reward 17. A. litB. tookC. burnedD. cheered 18. A. atmosphereB. sympathyC. calmnessD. joy 19. A. it B. suchC. something D. everybody 20. A. byB. tillC. forD. from 1,B解析：本題考查動詞辨析。由上文可知，還是小孩子的我，在圣誕節(jié)來臨，我應該是收到禮物，所以選擇receiving。 2,C解析：本題考查動詞辨析。聯系上下文，此處表達的意思是別人問我收到了什么禮物，所以選擇got。 3,D解析：本題考查動詞辨析。聯系上下文，推斷此處表達的意思是：我開始接受沒有禮物的現實，選擇accept，其他三個選項意思都不符合。 4,C解析：本題考查動詞短語辨析。四個選項：break in闖入；settle down安居；turn up出現；show off炫耀。聯系上下文此處是出現在我家，給我們圣誕禮物，故選擇C，意思最貼切。 5,A解析：本題考查名詞辨析。根據下文：I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school（當我回到學校時，我不會再感到難堪了。）結合四個選項的意思，可以推斷出此處是表示我解脫了，送了一口氣，故選擇A。 6,C解析：本題考查動詞辨析。分析四個選項，結合上下文，可以得知，這件禮物對我是多么重要，所以此處表達我將不會忘記這件事情，故選擇C。 7,D解析：本題考查短語辨析。聯系上下文，首先排除B、C，think highly of sb的意思是“對……評價很高”。此處根據作者的前面的心態(tài)，選擇enough，表示有人關心自己。 8,B解析：本題考查形容詞辨析。聯系上下文，提到是new house，肯定選擇first，西方人對于圣誕節(jié)很重視，是一家人團圓的日子，所以此時表達重要性，作者想讓自己在新家過的第一個圣誕節(jié)有意義。選擇B。 9,B解析：本題考查副詞辨析。根據四個選項的意思，聯系上下文，可了解當時作者那種激動的心情，所以應該是很快就想到了那件讓她難忘的事情；故選擇B。 10,C解析：本題考查名詞辨析。根據第一段中描述那次圣誕節(jié)禮物給我的感慨，和作者此刻的心情，她認為送圣誕節(jié)禮物的給自己以及給得到的孩子們的重要性。 11,C解析：本題考查動詞短語辨析。從上一段的可以推斷，是我提出了（came up with）了一個讓四十個人來我公司幫忙的計劃。 12,D解析：本題考查不定代詞辨析。根據作者的想法，應該是每個人都有自己的圣誕節(jié)禮物，所以選擇每個人（each）。 13,B解析：本題考查形容詞辨析。每個人都有屬于自己的禮物，而且不是固定的，所以作者的意思是給孩子們啟示：每個人都是獨一無二的。 14,A解析：本題考查動詞辨析。從下文的“One, two, three. Open your presents!”可知，此時在分發(fā)禮物時，我提醒每個人開始不要打開禮物。 15,B解析：本題考查連詞辨析。同34題，此時選擇until，直到每個人都拿到禮物。 16,C解析：本題考查名詞辨析。根據下文的意思，此處表達大家等待的拆禮物的時刻到來了，故選擇moment。 17,A解析：本題考查動詞辨析。分析四個選項的意思，根據文章的上下文：他們燦爛的笑容照亮了整個房間，所以選擇light的過去式lit。 18,D解析：本題考查名詞辨析。聯系上下文，分析四個選項的意思，此處是表達歡樂，故選擇D。 19,A解析：本題考查代詞辨析。聯系上下文，得知：歡樂不僅僅是因為玩具。所以選擇it，指代歡樂。 20,D解析：本題考查介詞辨析。聯系上下文，此處表示：我從很久以前的那次圣誕節(jié)上獲得的感覺再次感受到了。故選擇from。 The Munich Oktoberfest is the biggest public festival in the world and will be held in 2003 for the 170th time. Each year, the Oktoberfest 1 （attend） by around 6 million visitors, 2 drink around 5 million liters of beer and consume over 200,000 pairs of pork sausages - mostly in the "beer tents" put up by the traditional Munich breweries（釀酒廠）. The festivities 3 （accompany）by a program of events, 4 （include）the Grand Entry of the Oktoberfest Landlords and Breweries and the Costume and Riflemens Procession. The History of the Oktoberfest dates back to the 19th century. Crown Prince Ludwig, later to become King Ludwig I, was 5 （marry）to Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghausen on 12th October 1810.The citizens of Munich were invited to 6 the festivities held 7 the fields in front of the city gates to celebrate the happy royal event. Horse races in the presence of the Royal Family marked the close of the event that was celebrated as a festival for the whole of Bavaria. The decision to repeat the horse races in the subsequent year gave rise to the tradition of the Oktoberfest. In 1811 an added feature to the horse races was the first Agricultural Show, designed to boost Bavarian agriculture The horse races, 8 were the oldest and the most popular event of the festival are no longer held today. 9 the Agricultural Show is still held every three years during the Oktoberfest on the southern part of the festival grounds. Today, the Oktoberfest is the largest festival in the world, 10 an international flavor characteristic of the 21th century: some 6 million visitors from all around the world converge on the Oktoberfest each year. 答案：1.is attended 2.who 3.is accompanied 4.including 5.married to 6.attend 7.on 8.which 9.But 10.with 語境練習： Billy對足球有特別的喜好（have a preference），因為看球賽總能讓他感到放松（relaxed）。他總是提前在網上預定好票。他曾經告訴過我，他寧可（would rather）早些訂票也不愿意在有票的觀眾（spectator）正欣賞比賽時自己卻在球場外徘徊（wander），絕望地試圖買到張票。Billy是曼聯（Manchester United）的熱心支持者。在足球傳統(tǒng)頗強的英國，曼聯在“十大最被擁戴的俱樂部”中排名第一（ranked first），利物浦（Liverpool）和阿森納（Arsenal）緊隨其后（followed by）。 答案：Billy has a particular preference for football because he always feels relaxed watching a football game. He always book his tickets online in advance. He told me once that he would rather book tickets early than wander outside the stadium trying to get a ticket desperately while spectators with tickets are watching the game. Billy is an enthusiastic supporter of Manchester United. In Britain, where football tradition is strong, Manchester United is ranked first among the 10 most supported football clubs in England, followed by Liverpool and Arsenal. 閱讀理解 A For years the Brits have most often been known as the villains of the piece when it comes to superhero movies - but the tables have now turned, with the two latest heroes set to hit the big screen hailing from British shores. Forget Terence Stamp as General Zod in Superman, Sir Ian McKellen as Magneto in X-Men and Alfred Molina as Doctor Octopus in Spider-Man. Enter Andrew Garfield as Spider-Man and Henry Cavill as Superman. Not to mention Christian Bale, who will play Batman for the third time in The Dark Knight Rises. Cavills casting marks the first time Superman - who fights for "truth, justice and the American way" - has been played by a non-US actor. Film critic Jason Solomons, says the casting of Cavill is "weird". "Im very surprised. Were more used to getting the villain roles," he says. "Brits are much better at overcoming stammers than the forces of darkness," he adds, referring to Colin Firths much-lauded role in The Kings Speech. But Helen OHara from Empire magazine says it is not anything new. "There was a trend a few years ago for Australian superheroes, Hugh Jackman as Wolverine, Eric Bana as Hulk. Then we had a Welsh trend, with Bale as Batman and Ioan Gruffud as Mr Fantastic (in the Fantastic Four)." American accents But she concedes that "the interesting one is Cavill - the first non-American actor to play Superman. Maybe it leaves the way open for an American to play Bond." One theory is that Garfield and Cavill were relatively unknown when they were cast - and so are unlikely to have had such large financial demands as more established US actors might. But Solomons believes that it is British actors themselves who have overcome a hurdle. "Its a snobbery we have overcome ourselves (to play a superhero). And British actors have now got to grips with the technology, the special effects. We can do green screen, blue screen - and wear capes." Total Film writer George Wales thinks it is more down to individual talent. "There is a current conception that British actors carry a certain amount of sway in Hollywoo