Book1 unit 5詞匯練習(xí)

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1、 Book1 unit 5 詞匯練習(xí) 1. quality n. 1) [U/C] the degree to which something is good or bad 質(zhì)，質(zhì)量，品質(zhì) 注意區(qū)別： quantity 數(shù)量 EX：1） 質(zhì)量比數(shù)量更重要。 ______________________________________________________________ 2） 他具備了一個(gè)成功商人應(yīng)具有的所有品質(zhì)。 ______

2、________________________________________________________ 2) [C] something such as size, color,feeling or weight that makes one thing different from other things 性質(zhì) 特性 特點(diǎn) EX：3） 木頭的特性之一是能燃燒。 __________________________________________________________________ 3) [C] sth.such as courage, intelligence

3、 or loyalty that people may have as part of their character 品德 品性 EX：4）你需要一些特殊的個(gè)人品德才能當(dāng)護(hù)士。 _____________________________________________________________________ 拓展：qualification n. 資格 qualify v. 賦予sb資格，取得資格 qualified adj. 有資格的，職稱(chēng)的 2. willing adj. Ready to help, to do what is neede

4、d, asked, etc. be willing to do sth 樂(lè)意做某事 常用搭配 be willing for sb to do sth樂(lè)意某人做某事 可做定語(yǔ) eg: willing co-operation,help,support 自愿的合作，幫助，支持 EX：1）你愿意承擔(dān)責(zé)任嗎？ ________________________________________________________________________ 2) 我非常樂(lè)意你弟弟和我們?cè)谝黄稹? _________________________________

5、______________________________________ 拓展： willingly adv. Will n. 意志，決心 Willingnees n[U,Sing]: show (a) willingness to please 表現(xiàn)出愿意討好別人 （saying）The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. 心有余而力不足 3. active adj. Able to do things, energetic Although he’s quite old he’s still v

6、ery active. 他雖然老了可仍然閑不住。 EX：她積極參加本地的政治活動(dòng)。 ___________________________________________________________________ 拓展：act n.行為，舉動(dòng)& v. 做，行動(dòng) action n. 動(dòng)作，做法，行為 activity n.活力，活動(dòng) actor/actress n. 男/女演員 4. in trouble EX: 1) 只有在遇到麻煩時(shí)他才來(lái)。 ____________________________________________________

7、______________ 2) 別以為只有你不幸。 _____________________________________________________________________ He got into troble with the police (遇到麻煩) If I say no, the boss will only make trouble for me. (制造麻煩) They took a lot of trouble to find the right person for the job.(盡心盡力做sth) Thank y

8、ou for going to so much trouble to find what I was looking for.(不辭勞苦，不怕費(fèi)事做sth) 搭配拓展：prep. + n. 表示狀態(tài)或情形，這里的介詞可以用 in,at或on等，常見(jiàn)搭配有： in pain 痛苦地/in order整齊/in anger憤怒地/in poverty在貧困中/in a hurry匆忙地/in work 有工作/ at peace處于和平狀態(tài)/at work上班/at table吃飯/at desk辦公/at ease輕松/on duty值日/on business辦公/on holiday度

9、假/on strike罷工/out of work 失業(yè)/out of print絕版的/off work休班 [C]原則； 5.principle n. [C usu pl]（行為的）準(zhǔn)則，規(guī)范； [Sing](事物的)工作原理，(機(jī)器等的)構(gòu)造原理 1)行為準(zhǔn)則 ___________________ 2)按自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)行事__________________________ 3)講解幾何學(xué)基本原理的教科書(shū)_______________________________________________ 4)這些機(jī)器的

10、工作原理是相同的。 ______________________________________________________________ （idm）in principle 原則上；大體上，基本上 區(qū)別同音詞：principal adj. 最重要的，主要的& n.（學(xué)?；?qū)W院的）校長(zhǎng)，院長(zhǎng) 6. fight 1) v. to take part in a war or battle fight + n. : The big family has to fight poverty.

11、 fight against : Hve you been fighting against/with your brother again ? fight with : 常用搭配 Britian fought with France against Germany in World War II. fight for : They told the works to fight for their

12、rights. fight back : She fought back her tears. If the enemy comes,we’ll fight back. fight a battle 打一仗，進(jìn)行搏斗 [C] an act of fighting or struggling 常見(jiàn)搭配： get into a fight 打斗 /start(pick) a fight 尋釁/ have a fight 打架 2）n. [U] desire

13、 or ability to fight or resist;determination 斗志，決心 EX：1)救火____________ 2)進(jìn)行無(wú)希望的斗爭(zhēng)________________________ 3)他們盡管失敗多次，但仍有很強(qiáng)的戰(zhàn)斗力 __________________________________________________________ 4)他們失去領(lǐng)導(dǎo)以后便喪失了斗志。 ____________________________________________________________ 7. prison n. 短語(yǔ)連接：

14、 in prison 在獄中 go to prison 入獄 break (out of) prison 越獄 send sb. to prison/ put sb. in prison/ throw sb. into prison 將sb投入監(jiān)獄 注：prison 作“監(jiān)禁狀態(tài)，坐牢，服刑”時(shí)[U]，前不用冠詞； 作“牢房/籠，監(jiān)獄處所”時(shí)[C], 前可用冠詞 拓展：prisoner n. prisoner of war 戰(zhàn)俘 EX: 那位年輕婦女去監(jiān)獄探望那時(shí)在坐牢的丈夫。 _____________________________

15、____________________________________ 8.law n. 1) [C] （具體的）法規(guī)，法則，定律 eg: the laws of tennis / the law of gravity 2) [U] (整體的)法律(體系)，法規(guī)，常與定冠詞連用 eg: 遵法________________ 盜竊是違法的。____________________________________ 她自以為可以凌駕法律之上。___________________________________________ 3) [U] 法律學(xué)，法學(xué)，

16、此前不用冠詞 eg: 他放棄學(xué)法律而從事寫(xiě)作。______________________________________________ break the law read law 常用搭配 a law of nature be within/outside the law 拓展：lawyer n.律師 lawmaker n.立法者 lawbreaker n.犯法人 lawful adj.合法的，依法的 law

17、less adj.沒(méi)有法律的；不法的 9.advise v. advise + n./pron. advise + doing 常用搭配 advise sb. to do sth. advise + that從句（從句的謂語(yǔ)用“should + v原”， should 常省略） 注：1）與advise用法類(lèi)似的動(dòng)詞如forbid, ,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，但接賓補(bǔ)（主補(bǔ)）時(shí)，賓補(bǔ)（主補(bǔ)）要用不定式。 如：We?forbid?sm

18、oking?here.（賓語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)名詞） We?forbid?you?to?smoke?here.（賓補(bǔ)，用動(dòng)詞不定式） You?are?forbidden?to?smoke?here.（主補(bǔ)，用動(dòng)詞不定式） 2）區(qū)別：advise（勸說(shuō)）/persuade（勸服） EX:? 1)我勸過(guò)他，但未能勸服他。_______________________________ 2) We trust you: only you can _____________ him to give up smoking. A. suggest B. attract C. advise

19、 D. persuade 10.continue 1)v. to keep happening,existing or doing sth for a longer period of time without stopping 常用搭配 continue + n. continue + to do = continue doing =go on doing continue with sth 2)link-v. 處于某種狀態(tài) EX: 1) 他繼續(xù)干活，好象什么也沒(méi)有發(fā)生。 _____________________________

20、______________________ 2) 罷工持續(xù)了好幾天。 ______________________________________________________ 3) 他繼續(xù)沉默。____________________________________________ 4) Although he has taken a lot of medicine , his health poor . A．continues B．keeps? C．remains D．proves 拓展：continuing adj. 持續(xù)不斷的，持

21、久的 continuous adj.連續(xù)的，重復(fù)的 to be continued 待續(xù) 11. worry 1) v. (使) 擔(dān)心，憂愁 worry about (=be worried about) worry + that從句 常用搭配 worry sb. + about sth./that從句 使某人擔(dān)心…… worry sb. with sth. 用……打擾某人 worry oneself 使自己擔(dān)心 E

22、X：1）他太擔(dān)心他的健康了。______________________________________________ 2)我擔(dān)心自己進(jìn)不了大學(xué)。_______________________________________________ 3)她整天往外跑你不擔(dān)心嗎？ _____________________________________________________________________ 4)不要發(fā)愁。____________________________ [C] a problem that you are anxious about

23、 煩惱事 2）n. [U] the feeling of being anxious about sth. EX：5）他現(xiàn)在有很多財(cái)政上的煩惱事。 ________________________________________________________ 拓展： worrying adj.令人擔(dān)憂的 worried adj.擔(dān)心的，焦慮的 12. vote n. & v. 短語(yǔ)連接： vote for sb. 投票支持某人 vote on sth. 投票表決某事 vote to do sth. 表決做某事

24、 vote sth. Dowm 投票否決 vote in favor of / against 投票贊成/反對(duì)…… put sth to the vote 將（問(wèn)題等）付諸表決 EX：1）如果意見(jiàn)不統(tǒng)一的話，我們就得投票表決 _______________________________________________________ 2) 一新法令以9票贊成6票反對(duì)獲得通過(guò)。 ________________________________________________________ 13. accept v. 接受，認(rèn)可 eg: Such custom

25、s are widely accepted.這樣的風(fēng)俗是被普遍認(rèn)同的。 I cannot accept your gift. / I can’t accept what you said. accept與receive的區(qū)別：accept是指“同意接受的”，是主動(dòng)的， 指主觀接受 receive僅指“收到”，但不一定接受，指客觀收到。 EX: I ____________ a gift, but I didn’t__________ it. A. accept; receive B. receive; get C. received; accept D. acc

26、epted; receive 14. as a matter of fact = in fact EX: 1) 說(shuō)真的，我不知道事實(shí)真相。 ______________________________________________________________ 2) 他并不介意，其實(shí)他很高興 _______________________________________________________________ 15. blow up 1) to fill sth.with air or gas 吹脹，給……充氣 eg: 在加油站

27、停一下，我們要給輪胎打氣。 ____________________________________________________________ 2) to destroy sth.or be destroyed by an explosion eg: 恐怖分子企圖炸毀橋梁。 _____________________________________________________________ 3) （惡劣天氣的）來(lái)臨 eg: It looks as if there’s a storm blowing up. 暴風(fēng)雨好象就要來(lái)了。 短語(yǔ)連接： blow d

28、own/ over 吹倒，刮倒 blow out 吹滅，熄滅 16. equal 1) adj. 相等的 eg: The two desks are of equal size. 這兩張桌子大小一樣。 婦女要求同工同酬。 ________________________________________________________ 2) adj. 平等的 eg: 所有的人天生平等。 _________________________________________________________ 3) v. 等于，抵得上 eg: He

29、is equalled by no one in strenghth. 誰(shuí)也趕不上他的力氣大。 拓展： equally adv. 平等地 equality n. 平等 be equal to 等于，相當(dāng)于,勝任的 17.degree n.[C]學(xué)位；度，度數(shù)；程度 EX：1）他獲得了醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位。_______________________________________________ 2）溫度升高了10度。_______________________________________________ 直角是90度。__

30、______________________________________________ 3）他能力很強(qiáng)。__________________________________________________ 拓展：take/do a degree 攻讀學(xué)位 have/hold a degree 擁有學(xué)位 by degree 慢慢地，逐漸地 a bachelor’s/ master’s/doctor’s degree 學(xué)士/碩士/博士學(xué)位 to a degree = to a certain degree = to some degree 在某種程度上 18

31、 educated adj. 受過(guò)教育的，受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的； 有修養(yǎng)的 eg: 1) 她受過(guò)高等教育，能賺錢(qián)了。 _____________________________________________________ 2) She has very educated tastes. 她很有鑒賞力。 拓展： educate sb. to do sth. educate v. educate sb. about/ on sth. 就某事教育某人 eg: 3）參加了教育青少年認(rèn)識(shí)吸煙有害的

32、活動(dòng)。 __________________________________________________________ education n. 教育 educational adj. 教育的，有教育意義的 19.terror n.[U] a feeling of extreme fear 恐懼 eg: She screamed in/with terror when she saw the thief. There was a look of terror on his face. EX: 驚恐地 _______________

33、非常害怕某人/某物 _______________________ 拓展：terrorism n. 恐怖主義 terrorist n. 恐怖分子 20．fear. 1) n.[U/C] 害怕，恐懼 eg: 1) 他的雙眼流露出恐懼的神色。 _________________________________________________________ 2) 你沒(méi)有理由擔(dān)心。_____________________________________________ 2) for fear of/ that … (因?yàn)?擔(dān)心…… eg : 3）He g

34、ot to the station early, ___________ missing his train. A.in case of B.instead of C.for fear of D.in search of 3) v. to worry or be frightened eg: 4) 當(dāng)我們的面她不敢說(shuō)。_____________________________________________ 短語(yǔ)連接： in fear / live in fear of / fear to do sth./ fear for 為……擔(dān)心/ o

35、ut of fear 由于恐懼/ blue fear 極度的驚恐 21.reward 1) n. [U/C] 報(bào)答，回報(bào)，獎(jiǎng)賞，賞金 eg: 1) Her devotion was his reward. 她對(duì)他忠貞不二，這便是他得到的報(bào)答。 　　2)My mother used to give me chocolate as a reward when I was good. 我媽媽過(guò)去常常給我巧克力，作為對(duì)我表現(xiàn)好的獎(jiǎng)賞。 　　3)The fireman received a reward for saving the child's life.

36、 因救了小孩的命，消防員得到一筆酬金。 EX: The bank is offering a________to anyone who can give information about the robbery. A) reward B) bonus C) prize D) award 區(qū)別：reward指對(duì)品德高尚和勤勞的人給予的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，也指為某事而付給的酬金。 prize指對(duì)在各種競(jìng)賽中獲得優(yōu)勝的人所給予的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) award指對(duì)某方面有功者所給予的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。有時(shí)指在競(jìng)賽中獲勝者所得的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。另外，該詞還意為“賠償金”。 2）v. 報(bào)答，酬謝 eg:

37、He rewarded me with $200. She was generously rewarded for her work. 拓展：in reward / as a reward for / give(offer) a reward to sb. for sth./ reward sb. with sth./ reward sb. for sth.(doing sth.) 22. sentence 1) vt. 判刑，判決 ；常用被動(dòng)形式 eg: 1) 他被判了5年苦役。_____________________________________

38、_________ 2) n.[C/U] a punishment given by a law court eg: 2) 他在獄中服刑，刑期6個(gè)月 _________________________________________________________________ 3） 法官宣布了對(duì)這個(gè)犯人的判決。 ________________________________________________________________ 拓展：light/heavy sentence 輕/ 重判 life s

39、entence 終身監(jiān)禁 death sentence 死刑 be sentenced to death 被判死刑 serve sentence 服刑 pass/pronounce sentence 宣判 課后練習(xí)： 根據(jù)首字母寫(xiě)出單詞。 1. During the Second World War the Chinese people f_____ against the Japanese invaders. 2. The local citizens jumped with joy at the news that all the c______

40、___ had been sentences to death for their crimes. 3. The pretty lady stepped out of her car, headed for him and r_________ him for his great help with a gift of money, but he refused to accept it. 4. She devoted all her life to f________ for women’s equal rights, and her efforts paid off. 5. Mr.

41、 Smith passed the examination and now he has the d_____ of master. 6. It was reported that the terrorists had b_____ up the bridge last night, which was situated in the center of the city, and the police were rushed to the spot to look into the accident. 7. He gave up his rich life for his ideas a

42、nd fought for his country to be free from the UK in a p_________ way. 8. Nelson Mandela strongly believed in the three p__________: nationalism; people’s rights and people’s livelihood. 9. Even before India won independence of its British rulers, it was clear that Gandhi was the key figure and l__

43、____ in the struggle of 380 million Indians to govern themselves 定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí) 填空： 1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house. 2. I'll never forget the day________?? we met each other last week. 3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there. 4. I will

44、 never forget the days _______I spent with your family. 5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together. 6. This is the school ______I used to study.　 7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week? 8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibi

45、tion? 9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake? 10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake? 11. Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers. 12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China. 13. There was a time ______there were slaves in the

46、USA. 14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake. 15. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday. 16. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 17. The moment _____I saw you, I recognized(認(rèn)出)you. 18. This is the very novel

47、about____we've talked so much. 19. This is the way____he did it. 20. Who is the student _____was late for school today? 21. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him? 單選： 1.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor. A.of whom　　　　 B.whom　　　　　　 C.of whose　　　　 D.wh

48、ose　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A.that　　　　　　 B.who　　　　　　　 C.from whom　　　 　D.to whom　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child. A.which　　　　　 B.where　　　　　　 C

49、.that　　　　　　 D.when　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy. A．who　　　　　 B．which　　　　　　　 C．this　　　　　　　 D．what 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable. A.which price　　　

50、　　　　　　　　　 B.the price of which C.its price　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.the price of whose 6._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules. A.As　　　　　　　 B.It　　　　　　　 C.That　　　　　　 D.Which 7.He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English. A.this　　　　　　 B.whic

51、h　　　　　　 C.that　　 　　　　D.same 8.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower. A.that　　　　　　 B.where　　　　　　 C.which　　　　　　 D.there 9.The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women. A.in which　　　　 B.in that　　　　　 C.in whose　　　　 D.whose 10.I don’t like _____ you speak to her. A.the way　　　　 B.the way in that　 C.the way which　　 D.the way of which 7