全自動旋蓋機(jī)的設(shè)計含開題、SW三維及6張CAD圖

全自動旋蓋機(jī)的設(shè)計含開題、SW三維及6張CAD圖,全自動,旋蓋機(jī),設(shè)計,開題,SW,三維,CAD 防自轉(zhuǎn)方法與裝置瓶子旋蓋機(jī) 摘錄 本發(fā)明揭示方法與裝置防止旋轉(zhuǎn)瓶一旋蓋上蓋機(jī)且與瓶頸、瓶蓋螺絲頭輕微的過程中所形成的軸向力。一個特別配置的固定引導(dǎo)裝置、機(jī)械力的肩膀上產(chǎn)生瓶的摩擦力防在瓶子基地而劈作用這個瓶子放進(jìn)摩擦接觸特別配置頸部的口袋里瓶蓋星輪。導(dǎo)向和頸部的口子里保持形狀的瓶子里裝的瓶蓋頭軸向配合,機(jī)械手是在瓶頸開始機(jī)械手會收緊,使aforedescribed瓶口摩擦接觸就能實現(xiàn)。 圖1 圖2 圖3 本裝置涉及方法和應(yīng)用螺紋封閉的瓶子，更特別是在封口機(jī)的使用以防止設(shè)備的改進(jìn)旋轉(zhuǎn)的瓶子擰緊而關(guān)閉。 ?? 本裝置特別適用于適用于塑料瓶鎖式螺紋瓶蓋，將特別提到及描述。然而，該發(fā)明有更廣泛的應(yīng)用，可應(yīng)用于玻璃瓶和其他容器需要一個個螺紋嚙合的場合。 背景 可參考美國專利。第4624098和4295320，納入了參考，對于傳統(tǒng)的旋蓋因為這種機(jī)器的結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)節(jié)將不會在本范例中詳細(xì)描述介紹機(jī)器。一般來說，壓蓋機(jī)或常規(guī)包裝裝置包括一個可旋轉(zhuǎn)的旋蓋星輪機(jī)理有適應(yīng)多元化的設(shè)備收到一條裝配線上的時裝及其排列儲存瓶子。覆蓋在旋蓋星輪是選蓋頭，這與旋蓋星輪同步旋轉(zhuǎn)。每個旋蓋頭采用了離合器機(jī)制，使頭部旋轉(zhuǎn)，并在預(yù)定的驅(qū)動力和扭矩擰緊上限值瓶頸軸向向下的瓶帽。它的送料機(jī)制相配的是明星的旋蓋機(jī)制驅(qū)動一個裝滿瓶的星輪在瓶子的入口點和一個出料可輪換的星輪機(jī)制也同樣搭配了旋蓋星輪機(jī)制，轉(zhuǎn)移出在瓶蓋的上限瓶星輪。一個固定的支點延伸至后部的入口和出口點它們的間距一般是呈放射狀向外從旋蓋星輪和功能保留的旋蓋星輪瓶口上。這是傳統(tǒng)的生產(chǎn)及旋蓋方式，這是今天到這本發(fā)明涉及的機(jī)制。 ?? 關(guān)于多年的發(fā)展，啤酒行業(yè)仍在采用壓蓋的方式。在發(fā)展后最終是壓蓋或關(guān)閉取代俗稱“滾動式”的蓋子。這種類型組成的封閉鋁片插入到容器的螺紋頸部，然后在固定的地方就旋轉(zhuǎn)到瓶蓋的螺紋。完成的滾動操作通常施加到瓶子的頸部向下500磅的力量。這種力量，當(dāng)然是足夠瓶身和瓶蓋固定，以避免旋蓋時產(chǎn)生的相對轉(zhuǎn)動的摩擦力。 ?? 軋蓋式帽，反過來又被換成塑料或金屬鎖緊型，螺紋蓋。在飲料行業(yè)，有一個螺旋的安全蓋在筆帽其中將此處被稱為“鎖帶”，以易碎的連接。在一個金屬蓋的情況下，旋蓋有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)只是最低下的部分軋花瓶頸螺紋。在一個塑料蓋，適用于鎖蓋的上限后，擰緊瓶蓋上是充滿容器和縮小，在有些易碎的方式，向瓶子的頸部。帶加熱塑料瓶蓋鎖蓋可用于塑料或玻璃瓶。應(yīng)用在塑料瓶蓋，壓蓋機(jī)頭部的力量減少了約50-60英鎊向下的推力。這種力量是不足以產(chǎn)生足夠在瓶子以及瓶蓋保持現(xiàn)對不動的摩擦力。瓶壓蓋機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)防止足夠帽擰緊。 ?? 因此，有幾個不同的設(shè)想已被用來防止塑料瓶、瓶蓋相對運動。例如，瓶子是一個楔子形側(cè)壁配和行星輪之間的各種配置，以反饋入口袋瓶車輪的轉(zhuǎn)移機(jī)制。此外，如聚苯乙烯高摩擦材料應(yīng)用到瓶子的底部，尤其是玻璃瓶，以便更好地掌握了壓蓋機(jī)星輪基礎(chǔ)，增強(qiáng)摩擦，抗旋轉(zhuǎn)力。這些修改，而方式功能，是不能接受的。在消費大眾不接受這種方式的瓶子。添加摩擦材料在瓶子上以增加了成本，它的影響，這兩者都是在一個裝瓶廠運作的現(xiàn)象屢見不鮮。美國專利。四號624098 Trendel提出一個可接受的建議增加皮帶為開口的一部分，要求對從后方而增加之間的瓶子側(cè)面和后面的摩擦力，其中，當(dāng)添加到摩擦在瓶在瓶子的基礎(chǔ)摩擦力，防止在瓶的瓶蓋擰緊旋轉(zhuǎn)。這已被證明可以接受的應(yīng)用中，向下的力就從酒瓶的封蓋頭頭部施加低至50-60磅。 ?? 最近，塑料，螺紋蓋或封閉的安全已經(jīng)開發(fā)出來不需要的熱量來設(shè)置或位置鎖定波段的應(yīng)用。通過下方的最低線變細(xì)的瓶頸，也逐漸變細(xì)的鎖帶邊，帶簡單地扣鎖在鎖定位置相對的的人適合的錐形帽擰緊時，在預(yù)定的位置。這一立場發(fā)生在軸向上的壓蓋機(jī)從頭上蓋向下面對的是約15-20磅。這種低封口機(jī)熱軸力使得很難在口袋里的瓶子保留，即使有很強(qiáng)的松緊帶，在這樣624098專利中披露的使用。因此，在這種塑料瓶蓋螺紋現(xiàn)在常規(guī)使用的設(shè)備，至少在塑料瓶上使用1-2公升的大小通常是一個合適的旋轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備有限公司研制的金屬盒這個裝置是在圖所示。 8和9 以及 10瓶頸部分有11個線程在一個外圍形成的封蓋機(jī)壓蓋機(jī)星輪口中的14 13位接受以低于其線程的結(jié)束位置。頸部11是常規(guī)被迫口袋13固定，后方指向16。 13袋封口機(jī)具有任意指定向前融合表面18，向后匯合面19。匯集了18個轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)表面的反對向后旋轉(zhuǎn)方向擰緊，以箭頭指示的壓蓋機(jī)20輪齒。向后收斂到光滑表面19和運動引導(dǎo)與后方16一道，為推動凸輪表面相對輪齒的瓶頸的配和表面18。在圖所示。 8和9，向后面臨著融合的表面安裝18個輪齒開槽標(biāo)簽通過21這恰恰是在關(guān)系到1升的瓶頸那部分調(diào)整，允許頸部直徑11至13手段而進(jìn)入抗旋轉(zhuǎn)頸部。 ?? 雖然在圖中顯示的設(shè)備。 8和9是商業(yè)用途的今天，設(shè)備的限制。首先，齒輪抗旋轉(zhuǎn)裝置的應(yīng)用僅限于塑料瓶，其中向后抓地力和面臨的牙齒可以永久縮進(jìn)沒有裝瓶子表面。在玻璃瓶中，沖擊載荷時，面對牙齒向后夾住瓶子頸部可能會導(dǎo)致折斷。第二，盡管表面向前向后匯合18日，19個是為了便于更換，每個口袋壓蓋機(jī)幾百元的方法和更換成本也相對昂貴。第三，最重要的是，該設(shè)備功能有限。并非所有的瓶子下面的線程直頸部分。許多設(shè)計曲線瓶或錐形的瓶頸，當(dāng)發(fā)生這種情況，使牙齒向后面臨的瓶頸不利點接觸。更重要的是對塑料瓶的頸部直徑的部分，無論是錐形或直，通常從不同層面任何名義從0.025英寸到0.020英寸生產(chǎn)可接受的變化，作為高達(dá)0.045英寸頸部直徑的尺寸變化意味著，對于一些瓶子，瓶子頸部會翹起，或與面臨的牙齒向后縮進(jìn)接觸扭成點為上限收緊。這將標(biāo)志著或得分頸部墻等標(biāo)記，當(dāng)然，如果頸部嚴(yán)重的錐度與不直。由于用于制造塑料 快速灌裝和封蓋機(jī)之間的連接 本裝置涉及普遍使用的機(jī)構(gòu)用在工業(yè)填充或覆蓋，特別是連接到一個使用灌裝封蓋機(jī)或允許的機(jī)器零件快速變化組合，不同大小的職能集中到同一臺機(jī)器。 ??該裝置是適用于是在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)緊固件代替附加不同功能地區(qū)的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備，并會特別提到及其描述。 圖1 圖2 13 圖3 圖4 背景 用機(jī)器裝填瓶子，以及瓶子的封口是一件很有想象力的事情。這些機(jī)器在此,定義,統(tǒng)稱為旋蓋機(jī)的機(jī)器?？梢詤⒖济绹撂亍＠?,939,890;4,624,098;4,295,320;引用作為參考,描述本申請普通型旋蓋機(jī)。在此目的,迎來并且裝機(jī)器已經(jīng)同樣的特點。這樣的計算機(jī)將不詳細(xì)描述在本規(guī)范一致。 一般來說，一個覆蓋或填充裝置包括一個用于移動設(shè)備通過可旋轉(zhuǎn)的瓶子或容器星輪的機(jī)制。星輪，作為界定外，指的是通過兩個可轉(zhuǎn)動的車輪用灌裝和封口機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)瓶。星輪一般還包括一個支持容器，既可以是可移動頸部支持集會或在星輪轂是對星輪外圍安排機(jī)制。在進(jìn)料輸送機(jī)或其他機(jī)制是利用攜帶的瓶星輪和一個地地道道輸送帶或其他機(jī)制的切入點是同樣搭配可旋轉(zhuǎn)星輪機(jī)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)移上限從一瓶一星輪的退出點。一個固定的后方引導(dǎo)擴(kuò)大之間的星輪進(jìn)入和退出點間距一般是呈放射狀從外表上的星輪旋轉(zhuǎn)頸部支持大會。這后面指南功能保留作為星輪旋轉(zhuǎn)頸部支持大會的個人口袋里的瓶子。在灌裝設(shè)備，灌裝頭是一個遍布星輪。在覆蓋儀器，一個封蓋機(jī)頭部是直接在封口處旋轉(zhuǎn)然后與壓蓋機(jī)星輪動作。無論是頭部或封口灌裝頭驅(qū)動向下放置在時間內(nèi)的產(chǎn)品或瓶子放到瓶子頸部收緊。 一個典型的可樂灌裝廠采用單一的限制或設(shè)施或灌裝機(jī)填補或帽子很多不同大小的瓶子。例如,在這一軟性飲料行業(yè)包括12大小瓶盎司、20盎司、1升的水瓶子和其他項目。積極主動的控制整個機(jī)器的瓶通常保持舉著兩個瓶子的頸部。因此,本文在一個預(yù)定的控制的高度,所有的瓶在將暫停過程填充物或限制的瓶頸戒指。控制高度是由最高的瓶子到飽足。這個高度然后保持常數(shù)所有其他大小瓶子,用同樣的機(jī)器。通常,這個瓶子將會暫停，超過正常磨損表面。安裝在主軸的灌裝機(jī)是一種樞紐星輪支持上。作為中心軸轉(zhuǎn)動時,星輪轉(zhuǎn)動時,從而移動瓶子通過機(jī)器完成蓋和灌裝過程。小星輪包括頸部支持中心與積分總成。更大的星輪引導(dǎo)瓶頸的組裝部件包括安裝在星輪。每個頸部有引導(dǎo)總成手指上延伸所得,支持的瓶子。為了保持控制高度常數(shù)不同大小的瓶子,每個瓶子需要不同的尺寸和/或形狀的瓶頸支持支架。因此,在每一個具體的例子,說明瓶子運行的大小來改變,有必要換個裝瓶機(jī)的某些部分包括這臺機(jī)器的部分地區(qū)具體到獨有的瓶型大小被運行在繩子上。 在百事可樂灌裝廠,轉(zhuǎn)換的零件,通常需要使用技術(shù)勞務(wù)拆卸設(shè)備,這是特殊的，對于一個特定的氣瓶,取代它的替代產(chǎn)品指定的不同大小的瓶子。當(dāng)人們意識到,通過成千上萬的瓶瓶機(jī)每一個小時,很明顯有一個重大的損失在兩美元和生產(chǎn)率在任何轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)備。這樣重要的任何停機(jī)時間減少到最低限度。減少這樣的停機(jī)時間有利于維護(hù)大量的產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn),做到既百事可樂灌裝廠,消費者與行業(yè)的需求以及生產(chǎn)能力。減少故障停機(jī)時間也減少美元的損失以及由于減少了生產(chǎn)力,降低產(chǎn)能的空閑的人力。一個熟練的勞動力也必須完成轉(zhuǎn)換肢體。用共同的緊固件如螺栓附上可互換的方面所需要的時間瓶機(jī)增加完成轉(zhuǎn)換并添加的數(shù)目必須零部件,將和現(xiàn)成的應(yīng)該一些人成為丟失或折斷。保健也必須被用在轉(zhuǎn)換,確保所有螺栓都擰得緊緊的。 如果做不到這一點就會導(dǎo)致螺栓松開來和損壞機(jī)器。如上所述,星輪總成的時候會出現(xiàn)在兩種不同的情況。小星輪包括頸部支持總成中心與積分,而大型星輪脖子引導(dǎo)總成組裝部件包括安裝在星輪。在每一個具體的例子,說明這個瓶子尺寸大小也發(fā)生了變化,要么運行星輪從必須拆卸和更換瓶機(jī)的中心或瓶頸支持總成在大型星輪必須單獨拆卸和更換有不同的大小的瓶頸支持總成。取代拆遷和星輪或頸部支持組件允許控制高度可以增加或減少依靠新瓶子大小被運行。對于小星輪有頸支持總成整體之,整個星輪代替替代物的不同大小的星輪為了便于轉(zhuǎn)換。轉(zhuǎn)換為一個大星輪可能發(fā)生兩種方式之一。 每個瓶頸的支持總成可以移除,從一個大星輪,由不同的個體支持不同大小的組裝方便運行一個不同大小的瓶子。然而,更大的星輪總成通常擁有19支持部分。所有這些都是螺栓上的星輪四,五的點。每一個螺栓經(jīng)過頸支持和是螺紋旋進(jìn)星輪。這些螺紋連接通常需要力矩扳手或其他工具,旋緊機(jī)構(gòu)。這樣的手段來減少所需的時間,不同的星輪轉(zhuǎn)可以用不同的瓶頸的瓶。在轉(zhuǎn)換時，整個星輪被移除并替換不同的星輪。然而，這些星輪去除率也存在問題。該中心的重量要求他們在兩個半組裝。因此，兩個人一般需要電梯安裝。此外，如上限或灌裝機(jī)，壓蓋機(jī)頭部下方的間隙使安裝特別困難。最后，安裝后，微調(diào)，需要調(diào)整和重新定時，以確保對支持更換星輪組件頸部吻合，并與進(jìn)料和出口輸送系統(tǒng)，以及一案中封蓋機(jī)壓蓋機(jī)頭部或在案件的灌裝機(jī)灌裝頭。另外還必須慎重考慮轉(zhuǎn)換過程中，以確保所有螺栓緊固緊。如果不這樣做可能導(dǎo)致松動，造成財產(chǎn)損壞機(jī)器或關(guān)閉，并且在整個灌裝線設(shè)備螺栓。隨著瓶裝生產(chǎn)線的運行有關(guān)的振動通常導(dǎo)致至少螺栓松動一些。當(dāng)這種事件發(fā)生時，整條生產(chǎn)線必須關(guān)閉，直到問題得到解決。 本發(fā)明的概要 本發(fā)明提供了一個有利的灌裝機(jī)克服了現(xiàn)有技術(shù)的接駁安排的缺點改善卡箍連接。在這方面，快速連接部件是專門為快速安裝和灌裝機(jī)上的更換部件拆除?？焖龠B接鉗使機(jī)器操作人員處理機(jī)器的模塊的一部分，取代部分是相同的，除非它的大小。初始安裝后的快速連接鉗只需要插入的一部分安裝的位置和旋轉(zhuǎn)90 °，鎖定到位的一部分。該連接鉗（或快速連接鉗桿）的發(fā)明是特別有利，因為它是用來取代現(xiàn)有技術(shù)系統(tǒng)中使用的螺紋螺栓?？焖龠B接鉗桿的設(shè)計，使零件可以不使用工具所取代。這有利地降低與轉(zhuǎn)換相關(guān)的停機(jī)時間，并減少人力閑置機(jī)器操作員，是因為生產(chǎn)這種轉(zhuǎn)換的能力。這提供了積極的安裝與遠(yuǎn)小于安裝螺栓連接所需的時間到裝瓶機(jī)。一旦最初的修改，以方便的發(fā)明，也沒有進(jìn)一步的修改是必要的運行不同的瓶子尺寸。 更特別是在這方面，一為傳統(tǒng)的快速灌裝機(jī)就可以鉗填補或覆蓋容器提供。該連接鉗包括桿部分和補充部分是抓桿安裝在機(jī)器上。該桿部分包括第一端上的一個驅(qū)動鉗處理和鎖定桿內(nèi)抓在第二部分結(jié)束時插入的預(yù)測。該桿驅(qū)動部分包括一個鎖定投影，其中包括一個壓縮最好的處理和表面的軸向運動之間的第一個位置和第二位置的表面壓縮彈簧機(jī)構(gòu)偏置機(jī)制。本部分包括一抓桿凸輪鎖設(shè)計，與投影部分。凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)是位于一桿的抓住的結(jié)束，具體包括螺旋表面與鎖定的預(yù)測。 在初始安裝，連桿抓住的是放置在一個螺栓在其中通常會被放置螺紋孔。為此，抓桿部分可以提供一個雙頭螺栓或焊接或者現(xiàn)場到位。如有必要，可挖一個洞，可能或在灌裝機(jī)內(nèi)的適當(dāng)位置鉆孔，以便安裝抓桿的一部分。更換零件的交配與鉗桿洞，其中組裝，就可以用的人工，而在與桿抓住的重大沖突。鉗桿，然后插入到抓桿的一部分。預(yù)測延長鎖定在抓桿部分，具有快速90 °的夾桿反過來，制定了由桿的抓住的凸輪表面上。的偏置機(jī)制，特別是壓縮彈簧表面機(jī)制，倒塌是由于表面的螺旋凸輪的行動，從而使張力保持連接，并積極把位置鉗桿。為了使鎖定的預(yù)測也不會打滑后沿螺旋曲面，首選體現(xiàn)設(shè)想兩個半圓柱形在螺旋面下端位于捕獲鎖定預(yù)測凹槽。為了脫離半圓柱形鎖插槽預(yù)測，只需要一個鉗桿推往一起抓桿的部分，轉(zhuǎn)向沿其軸線的螺旋面，據(jù)此，鉗桿可從彎曲90 °。 在優(yōu)選的實施，鉗桿包括調(diào)整用于偏置機(jī)制的壓縮機(jī)制。該調(diào)整可以包括一個鎖螺母對偏置機(jī)制或?qū)Ψ芥i緊以鎖定在一個指定位置沿棒兩個螺母的位置都定位機(jī)制。一旦這個初始調(diào)整需要，設(shè)想，沒有進(jìn)一步的調(diào)整是必要的。它是進(jìn)一步設(shè)想，該抓桿最好是圓柱形的部分是一塊或插頭有一個圓形的中心部分開槽開放接受棒，并允許通過穿過結(jié)構(gòu)鎖定的預(yù)測。在兩端的螺旋面位于半圓柱形凹槽間距范圍內(nèi)的部分開放抓桿的插槽90 °。 這一個具體體現(xiàn)，是鉗桿特別適用于灌裝封蓋的容器或有一般圓形橫截面為灌裝機(jī)，灌裝機(jī)，包括有一個可旋轉(zhuǎn)的星輪和一個接收外設(shè)，支持多個瓶頸頸部穿行在機(jī)器的容器中。對個別頸部支持多個組件都包含一個容器內(nèi)，并持有星輪支持部分附著在星輪口袋里的支持。星輪支持部分連接到口子支持部分由鉗桿部分，包括通過支持口袋桿延伸和配套抓星輪上的部分支持部分。該桿支持部分包括一個處理結(jié)束的第一驅(qū)動鉗，鎖定插入部分內(nèi)抓桿和一個鎖定預(yù)測偏置驅(qū)動機(jī)制在第二年底的預(yù)測。 在另一實施例中，發(fā)明包括：用于灌裝封蓋的容器或有一般圓形橫截面，包括一個可旋轉(zhuǎn)的星輪上的裝瓶機(jī)器，樞紐通過移動式機(jī)器的容器一個裝瓶機(jī)。為支持集裝箱星輪，包括舉辦和支持口袋的容器內(nèi)的支持。一個后方位于呈放射狀向外從保留期間支持的口袋內(nèi)的星輪旋轉(zhuǎn)的容器星輪。后部指南包括對維護(hù)期間的星輪旋轉(zhuǎn)位置的容器側(cè)壁側(cè)壁導(dǎo)。星輪是安裝在由鉗桿樞紐，有桿部分通過星輪的延伸和補充桿抓集線器上的部分。該桿部分包括一個處理結(jié)束時的第一驅(qū)動鉗，鎖定插入和釋放地保留5桿之內(nèi)抓偏置驅(qū)動部分和預(yù)測手段鎖定在第二個結(jié)束的預(yù)測。在進(jìn)一步的體現(xiàn)，本發(fā)明還包括用于灌裝封蓋的容器或有一般圓形橫截面，包括一個可旋轉(zhuǎn)的恒星10輪對輪轂式灌裝機(jī)的移動，通過本機(jī)的集裝箱裝瓶機(jī)。星輪包括控股及配套的容器內(nèi)口袋支持。一個后方指南位于呈放射狀向外從保留在本星輪旋轉(zhuǎn)的容器內(nèi)的口袋支持星輪。后部指南包括對開始期間的星輪旋轉(zhuǎn)位置容器側(cè)壁側(cè)壁導(dǎo)。星輪包括第一半圓形的一半，第二個半圓的一半，對每個安裝到一半的機(jī)器的夾有一桿的每個部分的第一個半和配套桿抓住的延伸桿樞紐在第二個半圓形的一半，連桿部分，包括處理結(jié)束的第一驅(qū)動鉗，鎖定釋放地插入和部分內(nèi)抓桿和一個鎖定預(yù)測偏置驅(qū)動機(jī)制保留在第二次預(yù)測。 它是這樣，本發(fā)明提供了一個優(yōu)秀的對象為裝瓶機(jī)，方便拆卸和更換部件改進(jìn)扣件連接。 這又是本發(fā)明提供的一個裝瓶機(jī)，不需要安裝或拆卸工具改進(jìn)的扣件連接對象。還有一個本發(fā)明的目的是提供一種改進(jìn)的裝瓶機(jī)器，無需工具方便易用的安裝和行星輪的拆卸。然而，另一個發(fā)明的目的是提供一種改進(jìn)的裝瓶機(jī)器，減少了所需的空閑時間和場合轉(zhuǎn)換的設(shè)備和零件更換。然而，還有一個本發(fā)明的目的是提供一種改進(jìn)的灌裝機(jī)，省去調(diào)整和轉(zhuǎn)換后的設(shè)備和部分瓶裝生產(chǎn)線重新定時的需要。還有一個本發(fā)明的目的是提供一個較瓶裝生產(chǎn)線的變化，以適應(yīng)不同大小的瓶子的改進(jìn)方法。它還有一個本發(fā)明提供支持，與頸部的設(shè)計，允許操作要翻轉(zhuǎn)處理并刪除了幾秒鐘，沒有工具的頸部支撐支架的改進(jìn)灌裝機(jī)對象。這是又一本發(fā)明的降低設(shè)備和零件在裝瓶行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)換相關(guān)的成本對象。 本發(fā)明的這些和其他對象將變得很明顯那些在本領(lǐng)域技術(shù)人員在閱讀和理解以下的首選實施例的詳細(xì)說明。 13 ANTI-ROTATION METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BOTTLE CAPPING MACHINES ABSTRACT Method and apparatus are disclosed for preventing rotation of bottles in a capping machine while caps are screwed onto bottle necks with capper heads which develop slight axial forces. An especially configured stationary guide member develops an off-center, mechanical force on the shoulder of the bottle which produces an anti-rotation frictional force at the bottle base while wedging the bottle into frictional engagement with an especially configured neck pocket in the capper star wheel. The guide and neck pocket are shaped to maintain the bottle in axial alignment with the capper head while the cap is started onto the bottle neck which support is removed when the cap is tightened so that the aforedescribed pocket frictional engagement can occur. ANTI-ROTATION METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BOTTLE CAPPING MACHINES This invention relates generally to method and apparatus for applying threaded closures to bottles and more particularly to an improvement for use in capping machines which prevents rotation of the bottles while the closure is tightened. The invention is particularly applicable to locking type threaded caps applied to plastic bottles and will be described with particular reference thereto. However, the invention has broader application and can be applied to glass bottles and any other container which require a threaded cap tightened onto a threaded neck opening. BACKGROUND Reference may be had to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,624,098 and 4,295,320, incorporated by reference herein, for a description of conventional type capping machines because the details of such machines will not be described in detail in this specification. Generally speaking, the capping machine or conventional capping apparatus includes a rotatable star wheel machanism having a plurality of sapper pockets adapted to receive bottles fed in an assembly line fashion thereto. Overlying the sapper star wheel is a turret sapper head which rotates in synchronism with the sapper star wheel. Each sapper head employs a clutch mechanism whereby the head is rotated and driven axially downward at a predetermined force and torque limiting value to tighten the caps onto the bottle neck. An infeed star mechanism is mated to the sapper star mechanism to feed filled bottles to an entry point at the sapper star wheel and an outfeed rotable star mechanism is similarly mated to the sapper star mechanism to transfer the capped bottles from an exit poinf at the sapper star. wheel. A stationary rear guide extending generally between the entry and exit points is spaced radially outwardly from the sapper pockets of the sapper star wheel and functions to retain the bottles in the pockets as the sapper star wheel rofates. This is the conventional sapper mechanism employed in bottling plants today and it is the mechanism to which the present invention relates. With respect to the cap or the closure itself, for years the crown was the dominant closure employed and is still in use today in the beer industry. The crown closure eventually was replaced by caps or closures commonly called "roll-on" caps. This type of closure comprised a cap shell of aluminum which was inserted over the threaded neck of the container and then secured in place by rolling threads in situ into the walls of the cap shell. Capper heads which performed the rolling operation typically exerted downward forces of 500 pounds onto the neck of the bottle. This force, of course, was transmitted to the base of the bottle and thereat developed a sufficient frictional force with the sapper star wheel base to prevent bottle rotation within the pocket of the sapper star wheel. The roll-on cap, in turn, has been replaced with plastic or metal locking type, threaded caps. In the beverage industry, threaded safety caps have a frangible connection at the cap base thereof which will herein be referred to as a "lock band". In the case of a metal cap the sapper heads simply crimped the lock band about the bottle neck portion beneath the lowermost thread. In the case of a plastic cap, heat was applied to the lock band of the cap after the cap was tightened onto the filled container and shrunken, in a somewhat frangible manner, to the neck of the bottle. Plastic caps with heated lock bands can be applied to either plastic or glass bottles. In the plastic cap application, the force of the capper head reduced to a downward thrust of about 50-60 pounds. This force was not sufficient to generate a sufficient frictional force at the base of the bottle to prevent the bottle from rotating in the pocket of the capper star wheel. Bottle rotation in the capper pocket prevents adequate cap tightening. Accordingly, several different concepts have been employed to prevent bottle rotation for plastic cap applications. For example, the bottle was shaped with a wedge sidewall configuration and the transfer mechanisms between the various star wheels modified to feed the bottles into configured pockets. Additionally, a high friction material such as polystyrene was applied to the bottom of the bottle, especially for glass bottles, so as to better grip the base of the capper star wheel and enhance the frictional, anti-rotation force. Such modifications, while functional, were not acceptable. The consuming public did not accept configured bottles. Adding friction material to the bottle materially increased its cost and its effectiveness was diminished in the event the base of the capper star wheel became wet or was subjected to oil, both of which are common occurrences in the operation of a bottling plant. U.S. Pat. No.4;624,098 to Trendel proposed an acceptable solution.In Trendel, a belt subtends a portion of the pocket to urge the bottle against the rear guide thus increasing the friction between the side of the bottle and the rear guide which, when added to the frictional force at the base of the bottle, prevented bottle rotation during tightening of the cap. This has proven acceptable in capping applications where the downward force exerted on the bottle head from the capping head is as low as 50-60 pounds. More recently, plastic, threaded safety caps or closures have been developed which do not require the application of heat to set or position the lock band. By tapering the bottle neck beneath the lowermost thread and also tapering the edge of the lock band, the lock band simply snaps in a locking position vis-a-vis the tapered fit when the cap is tightened to a predetermined position. This position occurs when the axial downward face on the cap from the capper head is about 15-20 pounds. This low capper heat axial force makes retention of the bottle within the pocket very difficult, even with the use of very strong elastic bands in the pocket such as disclosed in the '098 patent. Accordingly, the device now in conventional use for such threaded plastic caps, at least when used on plastic bottles typically of the 1-2 liter size, is a anit-rotation device developed by Metal Box p.l.c. This device is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 whereat a bottle 10 having a threaded neck portion 11 is received in a peripherally formed capper pocket 13 of capper star wheel 14 at a position below its threaded end. The neck 11 is conventionally forced into pocket 13 by a stationary, smooth rear guide 16. Capper pocket 13 has an arbitrarily designated forward converging surface 18 and a rearward converging surface 19. Forward converging surface 18 has backwardly fading teeth which oppose the tightening direction of rotation,indicated by arrow 20, of the capper head. Rearward converging surface 19 is smooth and acts, in conjunction with rear guide 16, as a cam surface to drive the bottle neck against the teeth of forward converging surface 18. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the backwardly facing teeth of forward converging surface 18 are adjustably mounted by means of a slotted tab 21 which is precisely adjusted in relationship to the diameter of neck portion 1l to permit neck 11 to enter pocket 13 while resisting rotation of neck 1l during cap tightenmg. While the device shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is in commercial use today, the device has limitations. First, the toothed anti-rotation device is limited to plastic bottle applications in which the backwardly facing teeth can grip and permanently indent the surface without fracfaring the bottle. In glass bottles, the shock loading when the backwardly facing teeth grip the neck could result in bottle fracture. Second, although the forward and rearward converging surfaces 18, 19 are designed to be easily replaced, the replacement cost for each capper pocket approaches several hundred dollars and is relatively expensive. Third and most importantly, the device is functionally limited. Not all bottles have straight neck portions underneath the threads. Many bottle designs curve or taper the neck and when this occurs, the backwardly facing teeth make detrimental point contact with the bottle neck. More significantly, the diameter of the neck portions of plastic bottles, whether tapered or straight, typically vary from the nominal dimension anywhere from+0.025 inches to-0.020 inches producing an acceptable variation in neck diameters of as much as 0.045 inches. The dimensional variation means that for some bottles, the bottles neck will be cocked or wrenched into point indentation contact with the backwardly facing teeth as the cap is tightened. This will mark or score the neck wall and such marking is, of course, aggravated if the neck tapers and is not straight. Since the plastic used to manufacture.. Quick change connection for filling and capping machines The present invention is related generally to an apparatus far use in the battling industry far filling or capping eontamers and mare particularly to an itnpraved connection far use in filling or capping machines which allows quick change of parts of the machine to alaaw different size battles to tae rnn an the same machine. The inventaan is particularlg applicable to a clamp rod wtaich is used in place of standard fasteners to attach different parts to the battling machine and will be described with particular reference thereto. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION ?Machines in the bottling industry for filling containers or capping containers after being filled are well known in the prior art. As defined herein, such machines are collectively referred to as bottling machines. Reference may be had to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,939,890; 4,624,098; and 4,295,320; incorporated by reference herein, for a description of applications for conventional type capping machines. For purposes herein, capping and bottling machines have generally the same characteristics. Such machines will not be described in detail in this specification. Generally, a capping or filling apparatus includes a rotatable star wheel mechanism for moving the bottles or containers through the machine. A star wheel, as defined herein, refers to the rotatable wheel used to convey bottles through both filling and capping machines. The star wheel also generally includes a mechanism for supporting the container which can either be removable neck support assemblies or pockets within the star wheel hub that are arranged about the periphery of the star wheel. An in-feed conveyor or other mechanism is utilized to bring bottles to an entry point of the star wheel and an out-feed conveyor or other mechanism is similarly mated to the rotatable star wheel mechanism to transfer the capped (or :filled) bottle from an exit point of the star wheel. A stationary rear guide extending generally between the entry and exit point of the star wheel is spaced radially outwardly from the neck support assembly on the rotatable star wheel. This rear guide functions to retain the bottles in the individual pockets of the neck support assembly as the star wheel rotates. In a bottle filling apparatus, a filling head is located over the star wheel. In a capping apparatus, a capper head is directly over the capper star wheeland moves in synchronis rotation with the capper star wheel. Either the capper head or the filling head is driven downward at predetermined periods of time to place the product within the bottle or to place the tightened cap onto the bottle neck. A typical bottling plant or facility utilizes a single capping or filling machine to fill or cap many different size bottles. For instance, in the soft drink industry, such size bottles can include a 12 ounce, a 20 ounce, a 1 liter bottle, or others. Positive control of the bottles throughout the machine is typically maintained by holding the bottles by the neck. Thus, based upon a predetermined control height, all bottles will be su