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1、定義定義：在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語(yǔ)在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語(yǔ)稱作狀語(yǔ)從句，它可以用來(lái)修稱作狀語(yǔ)從句，它可以用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)（包括非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）、飾謂語(yǔ)（包括非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，或是整個(gè)句子。定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，或是整個(gè)句子。 準(zhǔn)確掌握每一個(gè)連詞的含義準(zhǔn)確掌握每一個(gè)連詞的含義是掌握狀語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵。是掌握狀語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵。同時(shí)要注意主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。同時(shí)要注意主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。狀語(yǔ)從句一般分為九大類狀語(yǔ)從句一般分為九大類狀語(yǔ)從句類別狀語(yǔ)從句類別: 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 原因狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句 目的狀語(yǔ)從句目的狀語(yǔ)從句 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句 方式
2、狀語(yǔ)從句方式狀語(yǔ)從句 比較狀語(yǔ)從句比較狀語(yǔ)從句 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句： 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as 等。等。請(qǐng)注意請(qǐng)注意 when, while, as 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別When -當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)候時(shí)候, 通常指通常指某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句與從某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。When I opened the window, I saw him come up.When
3、I have time , I will go to see you.When I came home, I met an old schoolmate of mine. He said he would tell her about it when he saw her.*注意：注意：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，主在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，主從句都是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)，從句都是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)，習(xí)慣上主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用習(xí)慣上主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。When - 正在正在的時(shí)候，突的時(shí)候，突然然。通常主句是進(jìn)行時(shí)或。通常主句是進(jìn)行時(shí)或 be about to 時(shí)，在翻譯的時(shí)候，時(shí)，在翻譯
4、的時(shí)候，when 可以譯成沒(méi)想到或突然?？梢宰g成沒(méi)想到或突然。I was walking along the street , when I met him.I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in.One evening, little Hans was sitting near the fire when he heard a loud knock at the door.When 當(dāng)從句是進(jìn)行時(shí)，主句當(dāng)從句是進(jìn)行時(shí)，主句是一般時(shí)，往往表示不滿。是一般時(shí)，往往表示不滿。Someone knocked at the door when
5、 I was having breakfast.When I was leaving the house, the postman arrived.When the children had gone to bed, she began toprepare her lessons. When=afterWhile -在在期間，往往指期間，往往指一段時(shí)間。一段時(shí)間。While we were in America, we saw him twice.While we were talking, he came in.Strike while the iron is hot. While -表示一
6、種不滿情緒，表示一種不滿情緒，意思是這邊在干某種重要的事，意思是這邊在干某種重要的事，而另一邊在享受等。而另一邊在享受等。We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.The soldier faces the powder while the beauty powder the face.While I am washing the floor, you can be cleaning the windows. As - 一邊一邊一邊一邊, 隨著隨著She was doing her homework as
7、 she was listening to the music.As she grew older, she became more beautiful.As - 當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)，指一個(gè)動(dòng)作時(shí)，指一個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生，從句通緊接著一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生，從句通常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。As I was going out, it began to rain.I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.As he was eating his breakfast, he heard someone knock at the door.Someone patted me on
8、the shoulder as I was standing before the shop window.The moment - 一一就就 =as soon as , immediately,-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.Not until - 直到直到才才He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.=He left the office when he finished th
9、e work.Not until 可以和可以和 when 互換互換Before - 在在之前之前The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.Did you work as a stewardess before you come to this company?It was not long before I forgot it all.(It was /will be before 是常用句型是常用句型)He ran off before I could stop him. Aft
10、er - 在在 之后之后The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.Since -自從自從, 通常主句通常主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.The captain has traveled almost everyw
11、here in the world since he became a pilot.It is just a week since we arrived here. (It is /has been since是常用是常用句型）句型）As soon as - 一一就就Jack went to school as soon as he got well.Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him. No sooner than - 一一就就No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
12、no sooner than 用于句首用于句首要求倒裝要求倒裝Hardly whenScarcely whenOnce you see him, you will never forget him. Once - 一但一但就就Every time, each time 每次每次whenever 每當(dāng)每當(dāng)Each time he came to town, he would visit our school. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 2.條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有:
13、If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condition thatIf -如果如果If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled.If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now. Unless - 如果不如果不, 除非除非=if notWe cant get there on time unless
14、 we book the earliest flight= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight.Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you. He will not join us unless he changes his mind.As long as - 只要只要We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.You cant play games as long as you remember the
15、 rules.A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.As (so) far as - 據(jù)據(jù)所知所知As far as I know, he speaks English very well.As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA. In case - 假使假使, 如果如果The plane cannot take off in case it rains.Send us a message in case you have any difficulty. Provided that
16、 如果如果,有時(shí)省略有時(shí)省略 thatThe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.You can become a stewardess provided that you are in good shape and you have got the proper education.On condition that - 條件是條件是He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked
17、him to speak.The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.注注:主從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái)時(shí)，主從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái)時(shí)，則主句用將來(lái)時(shí)則主句用將來(lái)時(shí), 從句用一般從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在時(shí)。If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.3.
18、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句只有兩個(gè)連詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句只有兩個(gè)連詞:Where, whereverWhere - 在在地方地方Put the medicine where you can easily get it.Where that high building stands, there used to be some low, deserted houses.Where there is a will, there is a way.Wherever - 無(wú)論哪里無(wú)論哪里He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are, I wi
19、ll be right there waiting for you.4.原因狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句 because, as, since, now that, 和和considering that, seeing that 這六個(gè)連詞都用于表示這六個(gè)連詞都用于表示表示原因表示原因, 但在語(yǔ)氣上一個(gè)比但在語(yǔ)氣上一個(gè)比一個(gè)弱一個(gè)弱.Because - 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)?通常從句放在通常從句放在主句后主句后.Mr Smith was very upset because he couldnt find his luggage.He said that he couldnt work because the c
20、omputer was out of order.I succeed because I willed it, I never hesitated.I do it because I like it. As - 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)? 通常放在句首通常放在句首As it is quite windy today, he decidesAs he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.Since -既然既然 因語(yǔ)氣較弱因語(yǔ)氣較弱, 常常譯為既然譯為既然Since everybody has come, we can set off.Since the
21、purser didnt tell us what to do, we can relax.Now that - 既然既然Now that you are here, you can join us.Now that all airlines offer discount prices, we should do the same.considering that - 顧及到顧及到 Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job. seeing that - 由于由于 Seeing (that)
22、 quite a few people were absent, we decided toput the meeting off. 5.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：that, so that, sothatsuchthatSo that - 太太以至于以至于 so 后面應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞后面應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞, 有時(shí)有時(shí)省略省略so只用只用thatBoeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.The flight scheduled so early that nobody
23、wanted to look on So that - 因而，以便，為了因而，以便，為了 有時(shí)有時(shí)so 可以省去可以省去Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.When you skin your customers, you should leave some skin on to grow so that you can s
24、kin them again.Such that -太太以至以至于于 用法與用法與sothat相同，但相同，但such 后面應(yīng)用名詞。后面應(yīng)用名詞。The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.The Canadian airlines hangar is such a huge building that it can hold two medium-range jets at the same time. 6.目的狀語(yǔ)從句目的狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的主要連詞引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的主要
25、連詞有有:that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lestLets take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.(So) that - 以便以便, 從句中常常使從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：can, could, may, might, should等等 in order that - 為了為了, 與與so that 相同從句中常常使用一相同從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：can, could, may, might, should等等 Sc
26、hool was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm. for fear that - 生怕生怕; 為了防止為了防止(某事發(fā)生某事發(fā)生)He took the name down for fear that he should forget it. The instructor emphasized on the issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the proble
27、m.in case - 萬(wàn)一萬(wàn)一 Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.Please take an umbrella in case it rains.Lest - 以防萬(wàn)一以防萬(wàn)一The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.The manager of the workshop asked his staff to wo
28、rk overtime lest they wouldnt finish the task on time.7.比較狀語(yǔ)從句比較狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：Asas, not so (as)as, .than, the more the more. Asas - 像像一樣一樣If you dont want to miss the flight, you need to be at the airport as early as possible.My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 ye
29、ars before.Cultivation to the mind is as necessary as food for the body.Not so (as) as - 不像不像The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain predicted.than -比比怎么樣，怎么樣，用于事物間的比較，用于事物間的比較，more 后后面用形容詞或副詞面用形容詞或副詞People believe that being a stewardess
30、is better than most of the other jobs.I personally think that the American movies are more interesting than Chinese onesA beautiful form is better than a beautiful face; a beautiful behavior (is) than a beautiful form.The more, the more - 越越 越越The more he listened to that song, the less he enjoyed i
31、t.The more things a man is ashamed of, the more respectable he is.8.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, Although, though -雖然雖然 although 和和though 可以互換，可以互換，但但although 常放在句首。常放在句首。Though可以用于倒裝。可以用于倒裝。Although it was ra
32、ining, the plane managed to take off. Although it was not his fault, he took all the blame.Though he did his best, he didnt succeed.Child though he was, he did quite well.As - 盡管盡管 as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子通常倒裝?？膳c句時(shí)，句子通常倒裝?？膳cthough 互換?；Q。Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.Hard as she works
33、, she makes little progress.Even if /even though -即使即使Even if you dont like your boss, you should do your work.Even if you are not fond of flowers, you shouldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibition.Even though I might be wrong, I will go my way.Even though his dean didnt mean it, he still felt embarras
34、sed.However - 不論，不論， however 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子通常倒裝通常倒裝He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.The father couldnt make his daughter smile however hard he tried.N o matter (what, when, where, how) -無(wú)論（什么，何時(shí)，無(wú)論（什么，何時(shí)，何地，怎樣）何地，怎樣）The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you
35、said.Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.I will find you no matter where you hide.Whatever - 不管不管Whatever other people may say, she wont change her mind.Whatever you do, it wont affect our plan.While -盡管盡管While I have sympathy for
36、 you, I cant help you.While its none of my business, I will watch you.Whether -不管，常與不管，常與or not 連用連用Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.Whether his proposal is practical or not, the department plans to adopt.9. 方式狀語(yǔ)從句方式狀語(yǔ)從句 方式狀語(yǔ)從句常由方式狀語(yǔ)從句常由:as, as if, as thoughas -與與 一樣
37、一樣 Do in Rome as the Romans do. Leave things as they are. as if, as though - 仿佛仿佛, 由由as if或或 as though引導(dǎo)的從句中可引導(dǎo)的從句中可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting forsomeone. 1._ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.A. If B. Whenever C. Unless D. Whatever2
38、.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easilywalk to the station.A. before B. that C. unless D. when3.Ill accept any job, _ I dont have to get up early.A. even though B. though C. in case D. as long as4._ problems you have, you can always come tome for help.A. What B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Which5.
39、 _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do.A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter6.-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?- Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her.A. while B. the moment C.suddenly D. once7. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficul
40、ty, _ great it is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever8.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless9. John plays football _ , if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as10. -What was the party like? -Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoyed
41、 myself so much. A. after B. when C. before D. since11.Dont change your mind, _ happens to you.A. which B. what C. whichever D. whatever12. _ he comes, we wont be able to go.A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even13. Nobody believed him _ what he said.A. even though B. even if C. no matter D. because
42、14. I was watching TV _ suddenly the lights went out.A. when B. while C. as D. for15. Take your umbrella with you _ it rains.A. if B. as ifC. in case D. as long 16.No sooner _ entered the office _I heard the telephone ringing.A. had I, when B. I had, than C. had I, than D. I had, when17. I had hardl
43、y arrived _ he started crying to go home.A. as B. for C. when D. until18.It wont be long _ you regret what you said.A. since B. when C. before D. till19. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she_.A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving20. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 狀語(yǔ)從句課件
