2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)17 閃電的成因及危害預(yù)防(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx

《2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)17 閃電的成因及危害預(yù)防(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)17 閃電的成因及危害預(yù)防(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx（25頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)17閃電的成因及危害預(yù)防 一、閱讀理解1 Lightingisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena（現(xiàn)象）.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena.Aboltoflightningissixtimeshotterthanthesurface（表面）oftheSunandgivesout30,000ampsofelectricity（電）.Itcantravelat100,000kilometresperhourandhastheabilitytohitatargetupto40k

2、ilometresaway.About1,000peoplearoundtheworldarekilledbylightningeveryday. Onlyabouttenpercentofpeoplestruckbylighteningwillactuallydie,buttheothersareactuallyverybadlyinjured,withburns,brokenbones,blindness,deafness,paralysis,ormemoryloss.However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccas

3、ionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects.Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning.Onewomansaidapsychologicaltestshowedherintelligence（智力）hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt! Sowhatshouldyoudotostays

4、afeinathunderstorm?Themostimportantruleistostayinside,butdonotgonearphones,electricalappliances,plumbing,orwater.Ifyouarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree.Instead,rollyourselfupintoaballonthegroundassmallaspossible.Anddonotthinkithastoberaininginorderforlightningtostrike. Strangely,lightnings

5、eemstoprefersomepeopletoothers.Ifyouareaman,youaresixtimesmorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanawoman! 1. Whatdocsthephrase"positiveeffects”inParagraphTwopossiblymean? A. somethinggoodB.somethingbadC.somethingusefulD.somethinguseless 2. Inordertostaysafeinathunderstorm,youshoulddothefollowingEXCEPT

6、. A. stayinsideB.rollupintoaballC.takeshelterunderatreeD.stayawayfromwater 3. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle? A. Lightningisabeautifulbutdangerousphenomenon. 2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)17閃電的成因及危害預(yù)防 一、閱讀理解1 Lightingisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena（現(xiàn)象）.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadly

7、phenomena.Aboltoflightningissixtimeshotterthanthesurface（表面）oftheSunandgivesout30,000ampsofelectricity（電）.Itcantravelat100,000kilometresperhourandhastheabilitytohitatargetupto40kilometresaway.About1,000peoplearoundtheworldarekilledbylightningeveryday. Onlyabouttenpercentofpeoplestruckbylighteningwi

8、llactuallydie,buttheothersareactuallyverybadlyinjured,withburns,brokenbones,blindness,deafness,paralysis,ormemoryloss.However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects.Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning.Onewomansaidapsyc

9、hologicaltestshowedherintelligence（智力）hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt! Sowhatshouldyoudotostaysafeinathunderstorm?Themostimportantruleistostayinside,butdonotgonearphones,electricalappliances,plumbing,orwater.Ifyouares

10、tuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree.Instead,rollyourselfupintoaballonthegroundassmallaspossible.Anddonotthinkithastoberaininginorderforlightningtostrike. Strangely,lightningseemstoprefersomepeopletoothers.Ifyouareaman,youaresixtimesmorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanawoman! 1. Whatdocsthephrase

11、"positiveeffects”inParagraphTwopossiblymean? A. somethinggoodB.somethingbadC.somethingusefulD.somethinguseless 2. Inordertostaysafeinathunderstorm,youshoulddothefollowingEXCEPT. A. stayinsideB.rollupintoaballC.takeshelterunderatreeD.stayawayfromwater 3. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheart

12、icle? A. Lightningisabeautifulbutdangerousphenomenon. B. Mostpeoplestruckbylightningwillactuallydie. C. Lightningcantravelat10,000kilometresperhour. D. Awomanismorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanaman. 4. ThewriterusestheexamplesofamanandawomaninParagraphTwoto. A. showlightningisverydangerousto

13、humanbeingsmakethereaderswanttoknowmoreaboutlightning B. helppeopleknowlightningwillsurelyimprovetheirintelligenceprovesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning 5. Youmayreadthispassagein. A.astorybookB.asciencemagazineC.atourguidebookD.anadvertisement 【答案】l.A2.C3.A4.D5.B 【解析】本

14、文是科普知識(shí)類閱讀，介紹了自然現(xiàn)象閃電的相關(guān)知識(shí)。閃電是最美麗的自然現(xiàn)象之一，但也是最致命的現(xiàn)象之一，它有好處也有壞處，就如何避免閃電作者給出了一些建議。 1. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)"Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning",結(jié)合作者舉的兩個(gè)例子，可知被閃電擊中也有好處，positiveeffect是指積極的影響；somethinggood符合題意，故選A。 2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根youarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree9\可知躲在樹(shù)下是不安全的；takesh

15、elterunderatree不可取,故選Co侖田節(jié)理解題。|艮據(jù)"Lightningisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena”，可知閃電是一種美麗但也危險(xiǎn)的自然現(xiàn)象，故選A。 3. 推理判斷題。木艮據(jù)“However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects”，結(jié)合下文所舉的兩個(gè)例子，可知被閃電擊中也有好處，作者是為了說(shuō)明閃電也會(huì)產(chǎn)生不尋常

16、的，甚至是積極的影響；provesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning"證明一些令人驚訝、有趣的事情可能會(huì)因?yàn)殚W電而發(fā)生”符合題意，故選D。 4. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，介紹的是閃電，被閃電擊中的一些有趣現(xiàn)象以及如何防止雷擊，因此更可能在科學(xué)雜志上能看到此篇文章，故選B。 2 Lightning（閃電）isshocking,andithappensallovertheworld!Scientiststhinkthattherearemorethanthreemillionlightningstrikes（襲

17、擊）everydayintheworld-thafsthirtystrikeseverysecond. Lightningcanalsobeverydangerous.Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitreachestemperaturesupto28,000degreescentigrade.AmericanRoySullivan,whoworkedinapark,holdstherecordforsurvivingthemostlightningstrikes.Between1942and1

18、983,hewashitseventimes! So,whydoeslightningstrike?Lightningstrikeshappenwheniceandwaterincloudsrub（摩擦）together,andcauseatmospheric（大氣層的）changes.Whenthishappens,itcreatesastaticcharge（青爭(zhēng)電電荷）.Lightningcanstrikeinsidethecloud,betweentwocloudsandbetweenacloudandEarth.It'sthelasttypeofstrikethatisthemos

19、tdangerousforhumans.About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult. LightningiscertainlynotsomethingWhenlightningstrikes,ifsbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.Tostaysafe,donotstandundertrees,onhillsornearwater.Treesattractlightning.Also,donotliedownonthegro

20、und,otherwisetheelectricitymaygothroughyouandcauseaheartdisease. 5. Lightningstrikes. A. happenthreebilliontimeseachdaywillstartwhentherearebigfires B. canreachveryhightemperatureskillallthosewhoworkinapark 6. Whatdoes"surviving”inparagraph2meaninChinese? A. 目睹B.幸存C.制造D.遇難Wecaninfer（推斷）frompara

21、graph3that. A. lightningstrikesarecausedwhenevericeandwatermeetlightningbetweentwocloudsisthemostdangerousforhumans B. lightningstrikescreatestaticchargeaboutonetenthofthepeoplestruckbylightningdieeveryyearinAmerica 7. Whichexpressionmeans“totoywith”inthelastparagraph? A.toplaywithB.totakeseriou

22、slyC.toshowoffD.totakeiteasy 8. Where'sthebestplacetobewhenlightningstrikes? A.Ontopofahill.B.Inaswimmingpool. C.Inatree.D.Insidealargebuilding. 【答案】6.C7.B8.D9.A10.D 【解析】這篇文章講述閃電的殺傷力和世界上的一些點(diǎn)擊事例，以及閃電來(lái)襲時(shí)的躲避技巧。 6. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitrea

23、chestemperatures叩to28,000degreescentigrade.可以得出選擇Co句意：閃電襲擊有時(shí)會(huì)達(dá)到很高的溫度。故選C。 7. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞的后一句Between1942and1983,hewashitseventimes!在1942-1983年間，他被雷電擊中了7次。故此處表示他幸存下來(lái)。故選B。 8. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知在美國(guó)每年有十分之一的人被閃電擊

24、中。故選D。 9. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根第三段最后一句據(jù)About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知閃電襲擊會(huì)導(dǎo)致人死亡，因此閃電不是可以玩的東西，故選A。 10. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Whenlightningstrikes,it'sbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.可知當(dāng)閃電來(lái)襲，最佳的停留地點(diǎn)是在一棟建筑物里。故選D。 點(diǎn)睛：認(rèn)真閱讀題干，根據(jù)題干要求，在文中尋找答案所在的語(yǔ)句和段落，進(jìn)行分析理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推

25、理判斷和概括歸納，選出正確的選項(xiàng)。例如小題3,根據(jù)第三段最后一句About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知在美國(guó)每年有十分之一的人被閃電擊中。故選D。 3 Inearliesttimes,menconsideredlightningtobeoneofthegreatmysteriesofnature.Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightingandthunderweretheweapons（武器）ofthegod

26、s.Inreality,lightningisaflow（流動(dòng)）ofelectricityformedhighabovetheearth.Asingleflashoflighting1.6kilometerslonghasenoughelectricitytolightonemillionlightbulbs（燈泡）. TheAmericanscientist,BenjaminFranklin,wasthefirsttoshowtheconnectionbetweenelectricityandlightningin1752.Inthesameyear,healsobuiltthefirst

27、lightningrod（避雷針）.Thisdevice（裝置物）protectsbuildingsfrombeingdamagedbylighting. Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestroke（閃擊）oflightninghasavoltage（電壓）ofmorethan15millionvolts.Aflashoflightningbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtravelataspeedof30millionmeterspersecond. Scientistsjudg

28、ethatthereareabout2,000millionflashesoflightningperyear.LightninghitstheEmpire StateBuildinginNewYorkCity30to48timesayear.IntheUnitedStatesaloneitkillsanaverage（平均數(shù)）ofonepersoneveryday. Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.Outside,oneshouldgotolowgroundandnotgetundertrees.Also

29、,oneshouldstayoutofwaterandawayfrommetalfences.Insideahouse,peopleshouldavoidopendoorwaysandwindowsandnottouchwiresormetalthings. Withlightning,itisbettertobesafethansorry? 11. Theunderlinedword"volts”inthepassagemeansinChinese. A. 瓦特B.伏特C.歐姆Accordingtothepassagewhatdoyouthinkallbuildingsneed? A

30、. Electricity.B.Machines.C.Lightningrods. 12. Lightningcantravel. A.notsoquicklyaselectricityB.atveryhighspeedC.asquicklyaswaterWhichofthefollowingisTRUE? A. Allancientpeoplethoughtlightningcamefromgods. B. IntheU.K.aboutonepersonperdaydiesfromlightning. C. Aclosedcaristhesafestplacetobeduringa

31、nelectricalstorm. 13. What'sthebesttitleforthispassage? A. KeepawayfromlightningTheintroductionoflightning B. Theimportanceoflightningrods 【答案】ll.B12.C13.B14.C15.B ［解析】本文主要向我們介紹了閃電以及遇到雷暴時(shí)應(yīng)該怎么做。 11?詞句猜測(cè)題。分析"Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestroke（閃擊）oflightninghasavoltage（電壓）ofmorethan15million

32、volts?"可知，volts是表示電壓的單位，所以翻譯為"伏特”。故選B。 12. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)Tnthesameyear,healsobuiltthefirstlightningrod（避雷針）.Thisdevice（裝置物）protectsbuildingsfrombeingdamagedbylighting/9可知，避雷針保護(hù)建筑物不受閃電損壞，所以避雷針是所有建筑物需要的。故選C。 13. 推理判斷題。分析“Aflashoflightningbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtravelataspeedo

33、f30millionmeterspersecond.”可知，在云層和地球之間的閃電可能長(zhǎng)達(dá)13公里，以每秒3000萬(wàn)米的速度傳播。所以閃電的速度非?？?。故選B。 14. 推理判斷題。A：古代人都認(rèn)為閃電來(lái)自神。根據(jù)"Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightingandthunderweretheweapons（武器）ofthegods.”可知，人一些認(rèn)為閃電來(lái)自神，并不是所有，該項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤；B：在英國(guó)，每天大約有一人死于閃電。根據(jù)TntheUnitedStatesaloneitkillsanaverage（平均數(shù)）ofonepersoneveryday.”可知，在

34、美國(guó)，每天大約有一人死于閃電，并不是英國(guó)，該項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤C：在雷電交加的時(shí)候，封閉的汽車(chē)是最安全的地方。根據(jù)“Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.”可知，遇到雷暴時(shí)，最安全的地方是關(guān)著的車(chē)?yán)?，該?xiàng)表述正確。故選C。 15. 最佳標(biāo)題題。A：遠(yuǎn)離閃電；B：閃電的介紹；C：避雷針的重要性。分析文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要向我們介紹了閃電以及遇到雷暴時(shí)應(yīng)該怎么做。故選B。 4 It'sverycommontoseelightningstorms（雷雨）insummer.Somepeopledon'ttakethemcare

35、fully.Infact,lightningstormsareverydangerousforpeople,andtheycanevenkillpeople. Sohowdowekeepsafeduringalightningstorm? Ifyouareindoors,stayawayfromwindowsanddoorsduringalightningstorm.Don'ttakeashowerordothedishesbecauselightningcantravelthroughwater.TurnofftheTVandcomputer.Mycomputerwasbroken,so

36、Ilearneditthehardway.Neverusethephone.Lightningcantravelthroughthephonelineandhityou. Ifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm,nevertakeshelter（爪E護(hù)）underatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.Stayawayfromanythingthatismetal（金屬）.Trytogetinyourcarandcloseallthewindows,org

37、ointoanearbybuildingrightaway.Ifthere'snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.Squat（蹬）downnearthegroundandputyourhandsoveryourears.Neveruseacellphone. 16. Whenarethelightningstormscommon? A.Inspring.B.Insummer.C.Inautumn.D.Inwinter. 17. Whatcanyoudoifyouareindoorsduringalightningstorm? A.Wa

38、tchTV.B.Takeashower. C.Stayawayfromwindows.D.Playcomputergames. 18. Whatcan'tyoudoifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm? A.Standunderatree.B.Getintoyourcar. D.Squatdownneartheground. C.Gointoanearbybuilding. 19. Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage? A. WhataLightningStormIsHowtoTakeShelterDuringaL

39、ightningStorm B. HowtoStayAwayfromaLightningStormHowtoKeepSafeinaLightningStorm 【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.D 【解析】本文主要講述在雷雨期間如何保持安全。如果你在室內(nèi)，在雷雨期間，你要遠(yuǎn)離門(mén)窗。不要洗澡,也不要洗碗。關(guān)掉電視和電腦。如果你在戶外遇到雷雨，千萬(wàn)不要躲在樹(shù)下，因?yàn)殚W電會(huì)擊中樹(shù)，穿過(guò)樹(shù)而擊中你。遠(yuǎn)離任何金屬制品。試圖上車(chē)并關(guān)上所有的窗戶，或者立刻去附近的大樓。如果周?chē)鷽](méi)有建筑物，試著找一個(gè)低矮的地方待著。蹲下，盡量靠近地面，雙手捂住耳朵。不要使用手機(jī)。 14. 題意：閃電暴風(fēng)雨什么時(shí)候

40、常見(jiàn)？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A.Inspring在春天；B.Insummer在夏天；C.Inautumn在秋天；D.Inwinter在冬天。根據(jù)第一段第一句It'sverycommontoseelightningstorms（雷雨）insummer.（夏天雷雨是很常見(jiàn)的。）可知選B。 15. 題意：在雷雨期間，如果你在室內(nèi)你能做些什么？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A.WatchTV.看電視;B.Takeashower.洗澡；C.Stayawayfromwindows.遠(yuǎn)離窗戶；D.Playcomputergames.玩電腦游戲。根據(jù)第三段第一句Ifyouareindoors,stayawayfromwindo

41、wsanddoorsduringalightningstorm.（如果你在室內(nèi)，在雷雨期間遠(yuǎn)離窗戶和門(mén)。）可知如果你在室內(nèi)你要遠(yuǎn)離窗戶；故選C。 16. 題意：在雷雨期間，如果你在戶外你不能做什么？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A.Standunderatree.站在樹(shù)下；Getintoyourcar.上車(chē)吧；C?Gointoanearbybuilding.去附近的一棟大樓；D.Squatdownneartheground.蹲在地下。根據(jù)第四段第一句Ifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm,nevertakeshelter（庇護(hù)）underatreebecausethel

42、ightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.（如果你在戶外遇到雷雨，千萬(wàn)不要躲在樹(shù)下，因?yàn)殚W電會(huì)擊中樹(shù)，然后通過(guò)樹(shù)去擊中你。）可知“在雷雨期間，如果你在戶外你不能站在樹(shù)下”,可知選A。 17. 題意：這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是什么？考查主旨理解題。A.WhataLightningStormIs雷雨是什么；B.HowtoTakeShelterDuringaLightningStorm在雷雨中如何躲避；C.HowtoStayAwayfromaLightningStorm如何避開(kāi)雷雨；D.HowtoKeepSafeinaLightning

43、Storm如何在雷雨中保持安全。本文主要講述在雷雨期間如何保持安全。故答案為D。 5 Scientistssaythey'vedevelopedanewsystem（系統(tǒng)）.Itcanuse"machineleaming,,topredictwhenandwherelightning（|X］電）willstrike（|R擊）.TheresearchwasledbyengineersfromSwitzerland. Europeanresearchershaveestimated（估算）between6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworld

44、wideeachyear.Thestrikescanalsocausepowercuts,destroyhousesandstartforestfires.Forthesereasons,someclimatescientistshavestudiedtodevelopmethodstopredictandcontrollightning.Butnosystemhasbeencreatedtoeffectivelypredictlightning. Thenewsystemisbeingtestedintheexperiments（實(shí)驗(yàn)）.Itusedacombinationofdata（數(shù)

45、據(jù)資料）fromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodel.Itwastrainedtotellweatherconditionsthatwerepossibletocauselightning. Themodelwascreatedwithsomedata.Thedatawascollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedatarelatedto（與有關(guān)）f

46、ourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidity（相對(duì)濕度）andwindspeed. Theatmospheric（大氣的）datawasputintoamachinelearningalgorithm（計(jì)算程序），whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens. AmirhosseinMostaj

47、abiisaPhDstudentwholedthedevelopmentofthenewsystem.Hesaid,“Commonsystemsforcollectingsuchdataareslowandcomplex,andtheyrequireexpensivecollectionequipment（設(shè)備）likeradarorsatellites（衛(wèi)星） "Oursystemusesdatathatcanbegottenfromanyweatherstation/9Mostajabisaid."Thiswillimprovedatacollectionintheareaswhicha

48、renotcoveredbyradarandsatellitesorinplaceswherecommunicationsystemshavebeencut,”headded. 24. Accordingtothepassage,thestrikescan'tcause. A. powercutsB.earthquakesforestfiresD.thedeathofpeople 25. Whatdoestheunderlinedword"if5refertoinParagraph5? A. Thelightningstrike.B.Thesystembeingtested. C.T

49、hemachinelearningalgorithm.D.Theatmosphericdata. 26. Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytellus? A. Whereweatherstationsshouldbebuilt. B. Howthemachinelearningalgorithmworks. C. Theadvantagesofthenewsystemindatacollection. D. Thenewsystemhaseffectivelypredictedlightninginfarawayareas. 27. Whichoft

50、hefollowingstatementsaboutthenewsystemisTRUE? A. Itspredictionmodelhasbeentestedfor12years. B. Ithasbeenputintouseincitiesandmountainareaswidely. C. Thenewsystemrequiresexpensivecollectionequipmenttocollectdata. D. Itusesmachinelearningtopredictthetimeandplacesoflightningstrikes. 【答案】24.B25.D26

51、.C27.D 【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹科學(xué)家們開(kāi)發(fā)出的一種能有效地預(yù)測(cè)閃電的機(jī)器，來(lái)減少閃電襲擊帶來(lái)的危害和損失。 24. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Europeanresearchershaveestimated（估算）between6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear”及“Thestrikescanalsocausepowercuts,destroyhousesandstartforestfires”可知，能導(dǎo)致人的死亡，停電、毀壞房屋和引發(fā)森林火災(zāi)，故選B。 25. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Theatmosphe

52、ric（大氣的）datawasputintoamachinelearningalgorithm（計(jì)算程序）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes”可知，此處是指將大氣的數(shù)據(jù)與閃電襲擊的記錄相比較，所以it指代"Theatmosphericdata”，故選Do主旨大意題。根據(jù)"Oursystemusesdatathatcanbegottenfromanyweatherstation..可知，最后兩段講述的是這種新系統(tǒng)在數(shù)據(jù)收集方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，故選C。 26. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Itcanuse"machineleaming,,topredictwhe

53、nandwherelightning（閃電）willstrike”可知,它可以使用“機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)”來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)閃電何時(shí)何地會(huì)發(fā)生，D表述正確，故選D。 二、完型填空1 Alittlegirlwalkedtoandfromschooleveryday.Onedayinthemorning,shemadeherdailytriptoschoolthough28gathered（聚集）inthesky.Whenschoolwasover,withbooksinherschoolbag,thelittlegirlwalkedhome.Onthewayhome,windblewhardandtrees29fr

54、omsidetosideinthewind.Rainpoureddown. Themotherworriedthatherdaughterwouldbeafraid30flashesoflighting（閃電）.Sothemotherdrovetoherdaughter'sschool31.Onthewaytoschool,themothersawthelittlegirl32aloneintherain.Whenaflashoflighteningcame,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupand33.Anotherflashoflighteningfollowed

55、.Thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.Athirdtime,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupand smiled.Withthecomingofthefollowingflashesoflightning,thelittlegirlrepeatedthe34thingagain. Afterthelittlegirlgot35thecar,themotherwondered36shestopped,lookedupandsmiledwhenlightningcame.Withabrightsmile,repliedtheg

56、irl,"Mom,whenaflashoflightingcame,Ifeltabit37ButGodwouldtakeapictureofme.Iknewhewasplayinganinterestinggamewithmetodriveawaymyfear（恐懼） Yousee,ifyoulookattheworldfromadifferentview,theworldisreallyamazing. 28.A.wind B.clouds C.ice D.snow 29.A.shook B.shone C.showed D.swept 30.A.with B.on

57、C.to D.of 31.A.atatime B.daybyday C.inahurry D.alldaylong 32.A.walks B.towalk C.walked D.walking 33.A.stopped B.smiled C.looked D.sounded 34.A.same B.different C.boring D.relaxing 35.A.in B.into C.out D.outof 36.A.why B.what C.how D.when 37.A.happy B.afraid C.strange D.e

58、xcited 【答案】28.B 29.A30.D31.C 32.D33.B34.A35.B 36.A37.B 【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述的是一個(gè)女孩在雨中笑對(duì)閃電的故事，她認(rèn)為每一次閃電都是上帝給她照了一次相，這個(gè)故事教育我們從不同的角度看世界，世界會(huì)很神奇。 27. 句意：一天早晨，盡管天空云朵聚集，她還是開(kāi)始每天的學(xué)校之旅。 wind風(fēng)；clouds云；ice冰；snow雪。根據(jù)"...gathered（聚集）inthesky.”可知，在天空聚集的應(yīng)該是云。故選B。 28. 句意：在回家的路上，風(fēng)吹的厲害，樹(shù)在風(fēng)中搖動(dòng)。 shook搖動(dòng)；shone發(fā)光；showed展

59、示；swept掃除。根據(jù)"windblewhardandtrees...fromsidetosideinthewind.”可知，風(fēng)會(huì)把樹(shù)吹的左右搖動(dòng)。故選A。 29. 句意：媽媽擔(dān)心她的女兒害怕閃電。 with和；on在上；to至lj；of.……的。beafraidof表示"害怕"。故選D。 30. 句意：因此媽媽立刻開(kāi)車(chē)去女兒學(xué)校。 atatime一次；daybyday一天天；inahurry立亥ij；alldaylong整天。根據(jù)"Themotherworriedthatherdaughter B. Mostpeoplestruckbylightningwillactuallyd

60、ie. C. Lightningcantravelat10,000kilometresperhour. D. Awomanismorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanaman. 4. ThewriterusestheexamplesofamanandawomaninParagraphTwoto. A. showlightningisverydangeroustohumanbeingsmakethereaderswanttoknowmoreaboutlightning B. helppeopleknowlightningwillsurelyimprovet

61、heirintelligenceprovesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning 5. Youmayreadthispassagein. A.astorybookB.asciencemagazineC.atourguidebookD.anadvertisement 2 Lightning（閃電）isshocking,andithappensallovertheworld!Scientiststhinkthattherearemorethanthreemillionlightningstrikes（襲擊）eve

62、rydayintheworld-thafsthirtystrikeseverysecond. Lightningcanalsobeverydangerous.Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitreachestemperaturesupto28,000degreescentigrade.AmericanRoySullivan,whoworkedinapark,holdstherecordforsurvivingthemostlightningstrikes.Between1942and1983,h

63、ewashitseventimes! So,whydoeslightningstrike?Lightningstrikeshappenwheniceandwaterincloudsrub（摩擦）together,andcauseatmospheric（大氣層的）changes.Whenthishappens,itcreatesastaticcharge（青爭(zhēng)電電荷）.Lightningcanstrikeinsidethecloud,betweentwocloudsandbetweenacloudandEarth.It'sthelasttypeofstrikethatisthemostdang

64、erousforhumans.About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult. LightningiscertainlynotsomethingWhenlightningstrikes,it'sbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.Tostaysafe,donotstandundertrees,onhillsornearwater.Treesattractlightning.Also,donotliedownontheground,

65、otherwisetheelectricitymaygothroughyouandcauseaheartdisease. 6. Lightningstrikes. A. happenthreebilliontimeseachdaywillstartwhentherearebigfires B. canreachveryhightemperatures wouldbeafraidofflashesoflighting（|XJ電）.”可知，媽媽擔(dān)心女兒害怕閃電，所以立刻去接女兒。故選C。 31. 句意：在去學(xué)校的路上，媽媽看到小姑娘獨(dú)自在雨中走著。 walks走路，第三人稱單數(shù)形式；t

66、owalk不定式；walked過(guò)去式；walking現(xiàn)在分詞。此處表示看到某人正在做某事，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故選D。 32. 句意：在閃電時(shí)，小女孩停下來(lái)，抬頭看，笑了。 stopped停止；smiled笑；looked看；sounded聽(tīng)起來(lái)。根據(jù)"Thelittlegirlstopped,looked叩andsmiled.”可知I,小女孩停下來(lái)，抬頭笑了。故選B。 33. 句意：在下一次閃電到來(lái)的時(shí)候，小女孩重復(fù)一樣的事。 same同樣的；different不同的；boring無(wú)聊的；relaxing令人放松的。根據(jù)"Anotherflashoflighteningfollowed.Thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.Athirdtime,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.”可矢口，每次閃電的時(shí)候，女孩做同樣的事情。故選A。 34. 句意：在小女孩進(jìn)到車(chē)?yán)锖?，媽媽想知道為什么閃電的時(shí)候，她停下來(lái)，抬頭笑。 in在里面；into到里面；out向外；outof從。getintothecar表