《高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第1部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)考點(diǎn) Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars課件 新人教版必修3》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第1部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)考點(diǎn) Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars課件 新人教版必修3（40頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、.高考單詞識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1.核心詞匯_ vi.& vt.乘；增加_ vi.& vt.碰撞；墜落_ vt.用盡；耗盡；使精疲力盡_ vt.& vi.使浮動(dòng)；使漂浮 n.漂浮物_ vt.& vi.使迷惑；使為難 n.謎；難題_ vi.生存；存在 existence n.存在；生存_ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的 _ n.暴力_ adj.有害的 _ n.& vt.傷害，損害答案multiplycrashexhaustfloatpuzzleexist violent；violenceharmful；harm 2.?？荚~匯unlike prep._pull n.& vt._gentle adj._thu
2、s adv._mass n. _gravity n._fundamental adj._ fundament n._religion n._religious adj._biology n._biologist n._biological adj._physicist n._physics n._extinct adj._extinction n._答案與不同；不像拉(力)；拖；牽引力溫和的；文雅的 因此；于是質(zhì)量；團(tuán)；塊；大量；(復(fù))群眾萬有引力；重力基本的；基礎(chǔ)的基礎(chǔ)，根本 宗教；宗教信仰宗教的生物學(xué)生物學(xué)家生物學(xué)的物理學(xué)家物理學(xué)滅絕的；絕種的滅絕 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.It can
3、 be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in _ (exist).(2016全國，閱讀C)2.I began to learn this when I had my car _ (crash).(2016天津，閱讀B)3.One important _ (biology) factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.(2016四川，七選五)4.Some people ma
4、y think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and _ (mass) of color.(2016全國，七選五)5.Daydreams are often very simple and direct，quite _ (like) sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.(2015北京，七選五)6.However，_ (physics) Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way.(2015四川，閱讀
5、E)7.Some experts think reading is the _ (fundament) skill upon which school education depends.(2015安徽，28)8.There was a _ (puzzle) look on the little girls face because a _ (puzzle) problem _ (puzzle) her.答案1.existence2.crashed 3.biological4.masses5.unlike 6.physicist7.fundamental8.puzzled；puzzling；p
6、uzzled 【聯(lián)想積累】“推，拉”家族pull n.& vt.拉(力)；拖；牽引力draw vt.& vi.拖，拉drag vt.& n.拖，拉，拽push v.& n.推，推動(dòng)(力)“碰、撞”家族hit v.碰撞，打擊crash v.碰撞；墜落bump n.& v.撞；碰撞(聲)collide v.碰撞；相撞collision n.撞擊；碰撞run into 撞上knock into 撞上knock together相撞后綴-ist必備名詞薈萃archaeologist 考古學(xué)家biologist 生物學(xué)家chemist 化學(xué)家physicist 物理學(xué)家psychologist 心理學(xué)家
7、specialist 專家sociologist 社會(huì)學(xué)家scientist 科學(xué)家typist 打字員tourist 旅游者，游客 .重點(diǎn)短語識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1.動(dòng)詞介詞/副詞cheer _ 感到高興；感到振奮depend _ 依靠；取決于break _ 突發(fā)；爆發(fā)block _ 擋住(光線)prevent._ 阻止；制止答案uponoutout from2.動(dòng)詞名詞(介詞)_ eggs 下蛋_ birth to 產(chǎn)生；分娩_ the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解答案laygiveget3.其他形式_ that 既然_ time 及時(shí)；終于_ ones turn 輪到某人；接著watch o
8、ut _ 密切注意；當(dāng)心；提防答案nowininfor用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1.The manager wants to see changes in the company，and I am sure he will _.(2013陜西，24)2._！You must believe in yourself and you will get success.3._ sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly while driving.4.Youd better come up with a good idea to _ her _，ot
9、herwise she may give up halfway.5.A fierce fight _ between the two brothers just because of a small thing.答案1.in time2.Cheer up 3.Watch out for4.cheer；up 5.broke out 【聯(lián)想積累】“動(dòng)詞from”短語一覽keep/stop/prevent.from阻止；制止separate.from 把和分離開differ from 與不同suffer from 受苦hear from 收到的來信die from 因而死learn from 向?qū)W習(xí)
10、result from 由于date from 始于時(shí)期benefit from受益于 .經(jīng)典句式識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用原句背誦感悟1.“Oh，dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大聲說，“重力改變了，看來走路也的確需要練一練了。”2.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球變得如此激烈動(dòng)蕩以至于不知道這個(gè)固體形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去
11、。 句型公式仿寫1.now that引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句_(既然你對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化感興趣)，I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.(2015全國，書面表達(dá))2.whether.or not是否，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句She was in doubt_ (她是否正確). 答案1.Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture2.whether she was right or not 【聯(lián)想積累】表示原因的連詞(短語)小結(jié)(1)now (that)相
12、當(dāng)于since，是連詞短語，用來引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，口語中經(jīng)常省略that。(2)because因?yàn)?語氣較重，常用于回答why引導(dǎo)的疑問句)。(3)since因?yàn)?；既?可與now that互換)，as因?yàn)?語氣較弱)。(4)for因?yàn)?并列連詞，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)分句，不能置于句首，表示進(jìn)一步的補(bǔ)充說明)。 單 詞 點(diǎn) 睛1.exist vi.存在，在于教材原句They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.他們也生蛋，在地球上生存了一億四千多萬年。高考必備詞匯精講精練 (1)exist in存在于
13、存在于之中之中exist onlive on靠靠為生為生There exist(s)/existed.某地有某地有/存在存在(2)existence n.存在；生存存在；生存come into existence產(chǎn)生；成立；開始存在產(chǎn)生；成立；開始存在【特別提醒】exist沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/寫作運(yùn)用You cant imagine what difficulty they have existing _ the money hes earning.Im lucky because I know my first home still exist.Eve
14、r since a long time ago，_ (存在著) different opinions among scientists on how the universe first _ (存在).答案onexistexiststhere have existed；existed/came into existence 2.puzzle n.謎；難題 vt.& vi. .(使)迷惑；(使)為難教材原句How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.地球生命如何
15、起源是科學(xué)家們覺得很難解決的最大的難題之一。 (1)a puzzle一件讓人感到困惑的事情一件讓人感到困惑的事情be in a puzzle不知如何是好不知如何是好be in a puzzle aboutbe puzzled about對(duì)對(duì)迷惑不解迷惑不解(2)puzzle over/about苦思冥想；絞盡腦汁苦思冥想；絞盡腦汁(3)puzzling adj.令人困惑的令人困惑的puzzled adj.感到困惑的感到困惑的【特別提醒】puzzled意為“迷惑的，不解的”，往往用于指人或人的表情、臉色等；puzzling意為“令人迷惑的，讓人不解的”，往往指物。單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/寫作運(yùn)用
16、She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it.I was _ (puzzle).(2014天津，完形)The firemen were in puzzle about the cause of the fire.People have long _ (對(duì)感到困惑) how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.(2015四川，閱讀E)答案puzzledpuzzle前加a(been) puzzled over/about/ been in a puzzle over/about 3.pull n.& vt.拉(
17、力)；拖；牽引力教材原句As the rocket rose into the air，we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.隨著火箭的升空，由于我們?cè)谂昝摰厍虻囊?，我們被向后推在座位上。pull away(汽車等汽車等)開走開走pull down拆毀；摧毀拆毀；摧毀pull in(車輛車輛)進(jìn)站停靠；靠邊?？窟M(jìn)站停靠；靠邊?？縫ull out駛出；拉出，拔出駛出；拉出，拔出pull up把把拉過來；拉過來；(使使)停下停下單句語
18、法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/寫作運(yùn)用When they _ (pull) the carpet up in my old bedroom，they found the ring.(2013福建，閱讀A)They were so deeply involved in the matter that they found it hard to pulling out.It was impossible for Joe to climb back or for Simon _ (把他拽上來).(2014全國，完形)答案pulledpullingpullto pull him up 1.harmful adj.
19、有害的；傷害的教材原句What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科學(xué)家相信，由于地球上長期有水存在，使得地球得以把有害氣體和酸性物質(zhì)溶解在海洋里。?？急貢?huì)詞匯理解辨認(rèn)單句語法填空/單句閱讀理解(說出黑體部分的語義)Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are _ (harm)，it wil
20、l hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who dont like them.(2014福建，閱讀E)These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing/doing serious harm to life and the environment.(2013安徽，書面表達(dá))Smoking can be harmful to your health.答案harmful對(duì)造成嚴(yán)重的破壞 對(duì)有害 2.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的教材原句The e
21、arth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球(開始)變得激烈動(dòng)蕩，不知道這個(gè)固體形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去。單句語法填空/單句閱讀理解(說出黑體部分的語義)Anne says，“Kindness can build on itself as much as _ (violent) can.”(2014廣東，閱讀B)All in all，watching the violent movies not only has bad effects on peoples mental h
22、ealth，but can also cause more hurts in our life.A violent storm hit the city last night，which caused a lot of damage.答案violence暴力電影暴風(fēng)雨 短 語 點(diǎn) 撥 1.in time 及時(shí)；終于；遲早高考佳句We arrived in the summer，just in time to enjoy the midnight sun.(2014四川，閱讀B)我們夏季到達(dá)，恰好趕上欣賞午夜太陽的奇景。in no time立刻，馬上立刻，馬上on time準(zhǔn)時(shí)準(zhǔn)時(shí)at time
23、s有時(shí)有時(shí)at a time每次，逐一每次，逐一at one time一度；曾經(jīng)一度；曾經(jīng)at no time決不，從不決不，從不(用在句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝用在句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝)單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/寫作運(yùn)用Im writing this letter to express my apology to you for not writing you back _ time.(2013山東，書面表達(dá)) At no time they actually break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.As a prover
24、b goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” Our efforts _ (遲早會(huì)有所回報(bào)).(2014山東，書面表達(dá))答案inthey前加didwill pay off in time 2.prevent.from 阻止；制止教材原句They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他們把過多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中，這使得地球上的熱不能釋放到太空中去。p
25、revent/stop.(from) doing sthkeep.from doing sth阻阻止止做某事做某事keep.doing sth使使一直做某事一直做某事protect.from保護(hù)保護(hù)不受不受侵襲；擋??；防御侵襲；擋??；防御【特別提醒】(1)在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，stop和prevent的搭配中可省去from；而keep.from doing sth中的from不可省略。(2)在被動(dòng)語態(tài)里，這三個(gè)搭配中的from均不可省略。單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/寫作運(yùn)用Beehives(蜂窩)either recorded or realmay even prevent elephants from
26、_ (damage) farmers crops.(2014安徽，閱讀B)If you are prevented coming，will you let me know ahead of time?In that case，eat before the flight，or an empty stomach will _ (讓你睡不著覺).(2015重慶，完形)答案damagingprevented后加fromprevent/stop you (from) sleeping/keep you from sleeping 句 式 透 析1.教材原句But when I tried to step
27、 forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步時(shí)，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。倍數(shù)表達(dá)式：倍數(shù)表達(dá)式：(1)倍數(shù)倍數(shù)as.as.(2)倍數(shù)比較級(jí)倍數(shù)比較級(jí)than(3)倍數(shù)倍數(shù)the size/height/length/width.of.(4)倍數(shù)倍數(shù)what從句從句單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/寫作運(yùn)用The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes _ tho
28、se who wrote by hand.(2014遼寧，閱讀A)Young people were several times much likely to be out of work than older members of the workforce.The room is _ (三倍大) that one.答案asmuchmorethree times the size of/three times as large as/twice larger than2.教材原句This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for
29、 life to develop.這引起了連鎖反應(yīng)，為生命的發(fā)展提供了可能。本句是本句是“make it形容詞形容詞/名詞名詞(for.) to do sth”句型。其中句型。其中it為形式賓語，指代后面的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。為形式賓語，指代后面的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。it作形式賓語，除指作形式賓語，除指代不定式結(jié)構(gòu)外，還可指代代不定式結(jié)構(gòu)外，還可指代that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)/寫作運(yùn)用New technology has made it possible _ (communicate) more easily.People in the West make it a rule to buying Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.The law makes it possible _ (更多來自不發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的學(xué)生上大學(xué)).答案to communicatebuyingbuyfor more students from less-developed areas to be admitted to universities
高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第1部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)考點(diǎn) Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars課件 新人教版必修3
