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1、Grammar: adverbial clause of time 時間狀語從句。I.when, while , as 可引導(dǎo)When I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.While he was in prison , he wrote his first novel. 如果主句表示的是短暫動作，從句用進行時或延續(xù)性動作狀態(tài)時,when,while,as可互換。II. 區(qū)別1. as多用于口語中，引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動作，側(cè)重于兩個動作同時發(fā)生,有“當 的時候”，“一邊一邊”或表示“隨著”的含義, eg.
2、 He hurried home, looking behind as he went. As time went on, Einstein s theory proved to be correct. As he grew older, he began to go deaf.2. while常引導(dǎo)延續(xù)性動作，表示的是一段時間,不是一點時間,強調(diào)動作同時發(fā)生，相當于during the time.Please don t talk so loud while others are talking.3. when 強調(diào)“特定時間”, 從句動作發(fā)生與主句動作之前時用when，不可用while和a
3、s。while還有對比的含義,有時也表示“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music. I can have a rest when I have finished my work.All the lights went out when the clock struck twelve. when還 可 做 并 列 連 詞 ,意 為 “ 那 時 ,這 時 ” ,相 當于 and at this/that timeWe are about to set off on our way when it suddenly beg
4、an to rain.I was walking on the street when I saw a tailor s shop.I ad walked 20 miles when it started to rain. as, while, when 用法總結(jié)1. 都 可 以 引 導(dǎo) 時 間 狀 語 ， 且 意 思 為 “ 當 的 時 候 ” 但 as和 while常 強 調(diào) 兩 個 動 作 同 時 發(fā) 生 。 當 強 調(diào) 兩 個 動 作 時 間 先 后 時 只 能 用 when。2. when還 可 做 并 列 連 詞 ,意 為 “ 那 時 ,這 時 ” ,相 當 于 and at th
5、is/that time。 且 還 可 用 于 “ hardly/scarcelywhen” 結(jié) 構(gòu) 中 ， 意 為 “ 剛 就 ” 。3. while 有 時 表 示 轉(zhuǎn) 折 或 引 導(dǎo) 讓 步 狀 語 ， 意 為 “ 然 而 ” 或 “ 盡 管 ” 。4. as 用 法 很 多 ， 引 導(dǎo) 時 間 狀 語 時 有 時 意 為 “ 一 邊 一 邊 ” 或 “ 隨 著 ” 。 也 可 做 關(guān) 系 代 詞 用 與 定 語 從 句 中 ， 還 可 意 為 “ 盡 管 ” “ 因 為 ” “ 按 照 ” 等 ， 引 導(dǎo) 讓 步 、 原 因 、 方 式 等 狀 語 從 句 。 Grammar 2: p
6、ast perfect tense 過 去 的 兩 個 動 作 ， 如 果 一 個 動 作 發(fā) 生 在 另 一 個 動 作 之 前 ，發(fā) 生 在 前 的 就 用 過 去 完 成 時 ， 即 “ 過 去 的 過 去 ” 。eg. When he reached the shop, it had already closed.1. 在by,by the end of,by the time 后接某一表示過去的時間時。He had copied the report three times by ten last night.By the end of last Friday, the projec
7、t had already been completed. We had hoped to catch the 8:00 bus, but found it gone.3. no soonerthan., hardly/ scarcelywhen.中，前面用完成時，表示“剛就” / “一.就.”They had hardly been seated when the bus started.I had no sooner finished the work than the light went out.I had scarcely closed the window when the sto
8、rm came.I had thought he had died.2. 表示原計劃打算做某事而沒有辦成。 常用詞有: want,mean, plan,hope think ,suppose, expect etc. 此句式可以變成倒裝，時態(tài)不變。Hardly had they been seated when the bus started.No sooner had I finished the work than the light went out.4. 在有before and after 的時間狀語從句中，因為有了明確的前后關(guān)系，主句可以用一般過去時代替過去完成時。The trai
9、n left before he got there.I played computer games after I (had) finished my homework. Exercises:1. He was about to tell me the secret _someone patted him on the should. A. As B. until C. while D. when2. I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy.A.wouldnt expect B. havent expectedC. hadnt expected D
10、. wasnt expectingDC 3. _ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. IfA4. I will go home _ I have finished my homework. A. until B. when C. as D. while5.By the end of last year, another new hospital _ . A. would be completed
11、 B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completedB D 6. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come7. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _ father w
12、as away in Paris. A. as B. that C. during D. if C A 8. John and I _ friends for 8 years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that. A. had been; have seen B. have been; have seen C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen9. The new brid
13、ge _ by the end of this month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. is designed D. will have been designed10. _exercise I, we went to do another exercise. A. Having finished B. Finishing C. After finished D. When finishingD DA 11. - What was the party like ? - Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoye
14、d myself so much. A. after B. before C. when D. since12. - Can I join your club, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older. A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got13. - How long has this bookshop been in business? - _ 1932. A. After B. In C. From D. Since DAD 14. _ you received the news? A. W
15、hen was it that B. When was it C. When it was that D. When it was15. At this time tomorrow _ over the Atlantic. A. were going to fly B. well be flying C. well fly D. were to fly16. - What were you doing when I phoned you yesterday evening? - I _ my homework and was starting to take a bath. A. had ju
16、st finished B. was finishing C. have already finished D.was going to finishA BA 16. The rest of money _ spent so far. A. was B. have been C. has been D. had been17. - Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? - Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once18. Unfortunately when I arrived she_, so we only had time for a few words. A. just left B. has just left C. was just leaving D. had just left C B C
《時間狀語從句》PPT課件
