軸承內(nèi)外圈加工專用機(jī)床橫向機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)【含CAD圖紙+PDF圖】

喜歡這套資料就充值下載吧。資源目錄里展示的都可在線預(yù)覽哦。下載后都有，請(qǐng)放心下載，文件全都包含在內(nèi)，【有疑問咨詢QQ:414951605 或 1304139763】喜歡這套資料就充值下載吧。資源目錄里展示的都可在線預(yù)覽哦。下載后都有，請(qǐng)放心下載，文件全都包含在內(nèi)，【有疑問咨詢QQ:414951605 或 1304139763】 編號(hào) 無錫太湖學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）相關(guān)資料題目： 軸承內(nèi)外圈加工專用機(jī)床 橫向機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化專業(yè) 學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923129 學(xué)生姓名： 展 杰 指導(dǎo)教師： 彭勇 （職稱：副教授 ） （職稱： ） 2013年5月25日 目 錄一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開題報(bào)告二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計(jì)劃、進(jìn)度、檢查及落實(shí)表”四、實(shí)習(xí)鑒定表 無錫太湖學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開題報(bào)告題目： 軸承內(nèi)外圈加工專用機(jī)床 橫向機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 信機(jī)系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化 專業(yè)學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923129 學(xué)生姓名： 展 杰 指導(dǎo)教師： 彭勇 （職稱：副教授 ) （職稱： ）2012年11 月 25日 課題來源該課題來源于迪奧企業(yè)軸承內(nèi)外圈加工的需求?？茖W(xué)依據(jù)（包括課題的科學(xué)意義；國內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；應(yīng)用前景等）（1）課題的科學(xué)意義目前世界最大的軸承生產(chǎn)商瑞士的SKF，在全球擁有90個(gè)獨(dú)資生產(chǎn)廠家，2008年銷售額為50億美元，在國際軸承市場的產(chǎn)品占有率達(dá)20%。目前中國的大部分動(dòng)車輪對(duì)進(jìn)口滾動(dòng)軸承均使用SKF軸承；此外日本的NSK、NTN等軸承株式會(huì)社生產(chǎn)的軸承，國際市場產(chǎn)品占有率也達(dá)20%左右。軌道交通尤其是高速列車（時(shí)速200公里）所采用的滾動(dòng)軸承，在列車高速運(yùn)行時(shí)所受各種因素的影響更嚴(yán)重，為達(dá)到同樣的使用壽命，對(duì)軸承的質(zhì)量提出了更高的要求，所以要求對(duì)新制出廠的軸承及其主要零件進(jìn)行較為嚴(yán)格的探傷檢測(cè)，以確保軸承品質(zhì)優(yōu)良。同時(shí)軸承在運(yùn)行時(shí)由于受列車交變應(yīng)力的作用也易產(chǎn)生疲勞缺陷，甚至發(fā)展成裂紋。同時(shí)中國巨大的機(jī)械工業(yè)、鐵路及軌道交通市場也提供了軸承內(nèi)外圈加工專用車床的巨大的發(fā)展前景機(jī)會(huì)，具有巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。（2）國內(nèi)外研究狀況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 近幾年軸承內(nèi)外圈加工專用車床在國內(nèi)外都有很多研究，應(yīng)用的領(lǐng)域也越來越多，軸承機(jī)械，產(chǎn)品主要用于汽車行業(yè)、軍工行業(yè)和其他工業(yè)行業(yè)的軸承生產(chǎn)制造，實(shí)現(xiàn)了單機(jī)自動(dòng)化、多機(jī)線自動(dòng)化的生產(chǎn)制造。其中軸承行業(yè)，占據(jù)頂端市場份額的90以上，速度、準(zhǔn)確度和耐用性是軸承內(nèi)外圈加工專用車床加工出來的產(chǎn)品的重要保障。研究內(nèi)容 分析原始資料，查閱相關(guān)資料，收集整理有關(guān)橫向機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、絲杠計(jì)算、阻尼缸運(yùn)動(dòng)計(jì)算等資料。 對(duì)機(jī)床進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析以及功能分析，并在此基礎(chǔ)上確定軸承內(nèi)外圈橫向機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方案。 完成橫向機(jī)構(gòu)的整體設(shè)計(jì)，各個(gè)零件的建模和整體的裝配，最后進(jìn)行橫向機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真。 閱讀和翻譯英文文獻(xiàn)。 撰寫畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文。擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線、實(shí)驗(yàn)方案及可行性分析（1）研究方法借閱相關(guān)書籍雜志，充分利用圖書館及網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。（2）技術(shù)路線 收集資料，確定方案，設(shè)計(jì)尺寸，三維建模，運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真。（3）實(shí)驗(yàn)方案 明確設(shè)計(jì)要求，認(rèn)真調(diào)查研究，收集設(shè)計(jì)資料，確定橫向機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)方案，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求作出三維建模及工程圖，做運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真。（4）可行性分析 查閱相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)資料，了解設(shè)計(jì)過程。熟悉零件各種配合方式和參數(shù)的計(jì)算，熟練運(yùn)用AutoCAD軟件和UG軟件，做出機(jī)械零件和裝配圖以及三維建模和運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真。最后整理資料，完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文。研究計(jì)劃及預(yù)期成果研究計(jì)劃：2012年11月11日-2012年11月24日：收集資料，撰寫開題報(bào)告、文獻(xiàn)綜述；2012年11月25日-2012年12月8日：完成零件三維造型及圖紙轉(zhuǎn)化；2012年12月9日-2013年1月21日：完成工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì)；2013年3月4日-2013年3月22日：完成橫向機(jī)構(gòu)的全部零件圖；2013年3月25日-2013年4月5日：完成阻尼缸與絲杠計(jì)算和設(shè)計(jì)；2013年4月8日-2013年4月19日：完成橫向機(jī)構(gòu)的總裝圖及運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真；2013年4月22日-2013年4月26日：詳細(xì)審閱設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算、說明書及圖紙并修改；2013年4月29日-2013年6月5日： 遞交畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)資料，準(zhǔn)備答辯材料，并進(jìn)行答辯。預(yù)期成果：設(shè)計(jì)中各個(gè)部件的選擇需要具體分析和理論計(jì)算，方案擬定正確；設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算根據(jù)來源可靠，計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確無誤；機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)圖紙繪制要求視圖完整、符合最新國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，圖面整潔、質(zhì)量高（圖紙繪制要求采用計(jì)算機(jī)繪圖）；用UG完成橫向機(jī)構(gòu)的零件圖、組裝圖，以及橫向機(jī)構(gòu)的三維圖形；基于UG進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行爆炸及運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真。特色或創(chuàng)新之處使用UG運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真，效果明顯，方便改變參量，能夠直觀判斷設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題 可以利用圖書館及網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源，已學(xué)過UG的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)； 使用UG的運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真有待加強(qiáng)。指導(dǎo)教師意見指導(dǎo)教師簽名：年 月 日教研室（學(xué)科組、研究所）意見 教研室主任簽名： 年 月 日系意見主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名： 年 月 日 英文原文 Hydraulic actuation system design and computation1. clearing about the design request to carry on the operating mode analysis. When design hydraulic system below, first should be clear about the question, and takes it as the design basis. Main engine use, technological process, overall layout as well as to hydraulic gear position and spatial size request; The main engine to the hydraulic system performance requirement, like the automaticity, the velocity modulation scope, the movement stability, the commutation pointing accuracy as well as the request which to the system efficiency, warm promotes; Hydraulic system working conditions, like temperature, humidity, vibration impact as well as whether has situation and so on corrosiveness and heat-sensitive material existence.In in the above work foundation, should carry on the operating mode analysis to the main engine, the operating mode analysis including the movement analysis and the mechanical analysis, also must establish the load and the operating cycle chart to the complex system, from this understood the hydraulic cylinder or the oil motor load and the speed change as necessary the rule, below makes the concrete introduction to the operating mode analysis content1.1 movements analysesThe main engine functional element according to the technological requirement movement situation, may use the displacement circulation chart (Lt), the speed circulation chart (vt), or the speed and the displacement circulation chart indicated, from this carries on the analysis to the movement rule.1.1.1 displacements circulation attempts LtThe chart 1.1 is the hydraulic press hydraulic cylinder moves the circulation chart, the y-coordinate L expression piston moves, the x-coordinate t expression starts from the piston to the reposition time, the rate of curve expression movement of plunger speed.Chart 1.1 displacements circulation chart1.1.2 speeds circulation chart vt (or vL)In the project the hydraulic cylinder movement characteristic may induce is three kind of types. The chart 1.2 is three kind of types hydraulic cylinders v t chart, the first kind of like chart 1.2 center solid lines show, the hydraulic cylinder starts to make the uniform accelerated motion, then uniform motion,Chart 1.2 speeds circulation chartFinally uniform retarded motion to end point; The second kind, the hydraulic cylinder preceding partly makes the uniform accelerated motion in the overall travelling schedule, in another one partly makes the uniform retarded motion, also the acceleration value is equal; The third kind, the hydraulic cylinder one most above makes the uniform accelerated motion in the overall travelling schedule by a smaller acceleration, then uniform decelerates to the travelling schedule end point. Vt chart three velocity curve, not only clearly has indicated three kind of types hydraulic cylinders movement rule, also indirectly has indicated three kind of operating modes dynamic performance.1.2 mechanical analyses1.2.1 hydraulic cylinders loads and duty cycle chart1.2.1.1 hydraulic cylinders load strength computationsWhen the operating mechanism makes the straight reciprocating motion, the hydraulic cylinder must overcome the load is composed by six parts (1.1)In the formula: Fc In order to resistance to cutting; Ff In order to friction drag; Fi For inertia resistance; Fg For gravity; Fm In order to seal the resistance; Fb In order to drain the oil the resistance.1.2.1.2 hydraulic cylinders cycle of motion various stages overall load strengthThe hydraulic cylinder cycle of motion various stages overall load strength computation, generally includes the start acceleration, quickly enters, the labor enters, quickly draws back, decelerates applies the brake and so on several stages, each stage overall load strength has the difference.(1) starts the acceleration period: By now the hydraulic cylinder or the piston were in from static enough to starts and accelerates to the certain speed, its overall load strength including guide rail friction force, packing assembly friction force (according to cylinder mechanical efficiency m=0.9 computation), gravity and so on item, namely: (1.2)(2) fast stage: (1.3)(3) the labor enters the stage: （1.4）(4)decelerates: (1.5)To the simple hydraulic system, the above computation process may simplify. For example uses the single proportioning pump to supply the oil, only must calculate the labor to enter the stage the overall load strength, if the simple system uses the limiting pressure type variable displacement pump or a pair of association pumps for the oil, then only must calculate the fast stage and the labor enters the stage the overall load strength.1.2.2 oil motors loadWhen the operating mechanism makes the rotary motion, the oil motor must overcome the outside load is: (1.6)1.2.2.1 operating duties moment of force Me. The operating duty moment of force is possibly a definite value, also possibly as necessary changes, should carry on the concrete analysis according to the machine working condition.1.2.2.2 friction moments. In order to revolve the part journal place friction moment, its formula is: (1.7)In the formula: G is revolves the part weight (N); F is the rubbing factor, when the start for the factor, after the start for moves the rubbing factor; R is the journal radius (m).1.2.2.3 moment of inertiaMi. The moment of inertia which in order to revolve the part acceleration or decelerates when produces, its formula is: (1.8) In the formula: Is the angle acceleration (r/s2);is the acceleration or decelerates the time (s); J is revolves the part rotation inertia (),In the formula: In order to rotate the part the flywheel effect ().Each kind may look up According to the type (1.6), separately figures out the oil motor in a operating cycle various stages load size, then may draw up the oil motor the duty cycle chart2 determinations hydraulic system main parameter2.1 hydraulic cylinders design calculations2.1.1 initially decides the hydraulic cylinder working pressureIn the hydraulic cylinder working pressure main basis cycle of motion various stages biggest overall load strength determined, in addition below, but also needs to consider the factor:2.1.1.1 each kind of equipment different characteristic and use situation.2.1.1.2 considerations economies and the weight factor, the pressure elects lowly, then part size big, the weight is heavy; The pressure chooses high somewhat, then part size small, the weight is light, but to the part manufacture precision, the sealing property requests high.Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder working pressure choice has two ways: One, elects according to the mechanical type; Two, according to cuts the load to elect.If the table 2.1, the table 2.2 shows.The table 2.1 presses the load to choose the execution file the working pressureLoad/N50005001000010000200002000030000300005000050000Working pressure/MPa0.811.522.5334455The table 2.2 presses the mechanical type to choose the execution file the working pressureMechanical typeEngine bedFarm machineryProject machineryGrinderAggregate machine-toolDragon Gate digs the bedBroaching machineWorking pressure/MPaa2358810101620322.2 oil motors design calculation2.2.1 computations oil motor displacementUnder oil motor displacement according to the type decided that, (2.1)In the formula: T is the oil motor load moment of force (Nm); For oil motor import and export pressure difference (n/m3);is the oil motor mechanical efficiency, the common gear and the plunger motor takes 0.9 0.95, the leaf blade motor takes 0.8 0.9.2.2.2 computations oil motor needs the current capacity oil motor the maximum current capacity (2.2)In the formula: is the oil motor displacement (m3/r); is the oil motor highest rotational speed (r/s).3 hydraulic pressure parts choice3.1 hydraulic pumps determinations with need the power the computation3.1.1.1 determines the hydraulic pump the biggest working pressure. The hydraulic pressure pumping station must the working pressure determination, mainly acts according to the hydraulic cylinder in the operating cycle various stages to have most tremendous pressure p1, in addition the oil pump loses Sigma Delta p the oil mouth to the cylinder place always pressurep, namely (3.1) loses, the pipeline including the oil after the flow valve and other parts local pressures along the regulation loss and so on, before system pipeline design, may act according to the similar system experience to estimate, common pipeline simple throttle valve velocity modulation system p is (2 5) 105Pa, with the velocity modulation valve and pipeline complex system is (5 15) 105Pa, also may only consider flows after various control valves pressure loss, but ignores the circuitry along the regulation loss, various valves rated pressure loses may searches from the hydraulic pressure part handbook or the product sample, Also may refer to the table 1.3 selectionsThe table 3.1 is commonly used, the low pressure each kind of valve pressure loses (pn)Valvepn (105Pa)Valvepn (105Pa)Valvepn (105Pa)Valvepn (105Pa)Cone-way valve0.30.5Cone-way valve38Cone-way valve1.52Cone-way valve1.52Cross valve1.53Cross valve23Cross valve1.53Cross valve353.1.2 determines the hydraulic pump current capacityqBPumps the current capacity basis functional element operating cycle must the maximum current capacity and the system divulges the determination3.1.2.1 At the same time when more than hydraulic cylinders movement, the hydraulic pump current capacity must be bigger than the maximum current capacity which at the same time the movement several hydraulic cylinders (or motor) needs, and should consider the system divulging wears the volumetric efficiency drop after the hydraulic pump, namely (3.2)In the formula: K is the system leakage coefficient, generally takes 1.1 1.3, the great current capacity takes the small value, the small current capacity takes the great value; For at the same time movement hydraulic cylinder (or motor) is biggest (m3/s).3.1.2.2 chooses the hydraulic pump the specification Table 3.2 hydraulic pumps overall effectiveness indicesHydraulic pump typeGear pumpThe screw rod pumpsVane pumpRam pumpOverall effectiveness index0.60.70.650.800.600.750.800.85Rotational speed and pumps which according to the above power, may select the standard electric motor from the product sample, again carries on, causes when the electric motor sends out the maximum work rate, in permission scope.3.2 valves class parts choice3.2.1 choices basesThe choice basis is: Rated pressure, maximum current capacity, movement way, installment fixed way, pressure loss value, operating performance parameter and working life and so on.3.2.2 selector valves class parts should pay attention question3.2.2.1 should select the standard stereotypia product as far as possible, only if does not have already time only then independently designs special-purp3.2.2.2 valves class parts specification main basis class after this valve fat liquor most tremendous pressure and maximum current capacity selection. When chooses the overflow valve, should according to the hydraulic pump maximum current capacity selection; When chooses the throttle valve and the velocity modulation valve, should consider its minimum stable current capacity satisfies the machine low-speed performance the request3.3 accumulators choices3.3.1 accumulators use in to supplement when the hydraulic pump supplies the oil insufficiency, its dischargeable capacity is (3.3)In the formula: A is the hydraulic cylinder active surface (m2); L is the hydraulic cylinder travelling schedule (m); K is the hydraulic cylinder loss coefficient, when the estimate may take K = 1.2; Supplies the oil current capacity for the hydraulic pump (m3/s); T is the operating time (s).3.3.2 accumulators make the emergency energy, its dischargeable capacity is: (3.4)When the accumulator uses in absorbs the pulsation to relax the hydraulic pressure impact, should take it as in the system a link if to be connected partially together synthesizes considers its dischargeable capaciAccording to the dischargeable capacity which extracts and considered other requests, then chooses the accumulator the form3.4 pipelines choices3.4.1 drill tubings types choiceIn the hydraulic system uses the drill tubing divides the hard tube and the hose, the choice drill tubing should have enough passes flows the section and the bearing pressure ability, simultaneously, should reduce the pipeline as far as possible, avoids the extreme turn and the section sudden change.3.4.1.1 steel pipes: Center the high tension system selects the seamless steel pipe, the low pressure system selects the welded steel pipe, the steel pipe price lowly, performance good, the use is widespread3.4.1.2 copper pipes: The copper tube working pressure below 6.5 10MPa, the instable tune, is advantageous for the assembly; Yellow copper pipe withstanding pressure higher, reaches 25MPa, was inferior to the copper tube is easy to be curving. Copper pipe price high, earthquake resistance ability weak, is easy to cause the fat liquor oxidation, should as far as possible little use, only uses in the hydraulic unit to match meets not the convenient spot.3.4.2 drill tubings sizes determination3.4.2.1 drill tubings inside diameters d presses down the type computationIn the formula: Q is passes the drill tubing the maximum current capacity (m3/s); V speed of flow which permits for the pipeline in (m/s). The common oil suction pipe takes 0.5 5 (m/s); The pressure oil pipe takes 2.5 5 (m/s); The oil return pipe takes 1.5 2 (m/s).3.4.2 drill tubings sizes determination (3.5)In the formula: P is in the tube the biggest working pressure; When n is the safety coefficient, steel pipe p 7MPa, takes n=8; When p 17.5MPa, takes n=4.According to drill tubing inside diameter and wall thickness which calculates, looks up the handbook selection standard specification drill tubing3.5 fuel tank designThe fuel tank function is the oil storage, disperses the oil discharge the quantity of heat, in the precipitation oil the impurity, is leisurely in the oil the gas3.5.1 fuel tanks designs main point3.5.1.1 fuel tanks should have the enough volume to satisfy the radiation, simultaneously its volume should guarantee in the system the fat liquor completely flows when the fuel tank does not seep out, the fat liquor liquid level should not surpass the fuel tank highly 80%.3.5.1.2 suction boxes tubes and the oil return pipe spacing should be as far as possible big3.5.1.3 fuel tanks bases should have the suitable ascent, releases the oil mouth to set to the most low spot, in order to drains the oil3.6 oil filters choicesChooses the oil filter the basis to have following several3.6.1 bearing capacitiesAccording to system pipeline working pressure determination.3.6.2 filters the precision:According to is protected the part the precision request determination3.6.3 flow the ability:According to through maximum current capacity determination.3.6.4 resistance pressure drops:Should the satisfied filter material intensity and the coefficient request.4 hydraulic systems performance In order to judge the hydraulic system the design quality, needs to lose to the system pressure, to give off heat , the efficiency and system dynamic characteristic and so on 4.1 circuitries pressure loses After hydraulic pressure part specification model and pipeline size determination, may the more accurate computing system pressure loss, the pressure loss include: The oil loses , the local pressure after the pipeline along the regulation pressure damages flows after the valve class part pressure loss, namely: (4.1)System adjustment pressure: (4.2) In the formula: P0For hydraulic pump working pressure or leg adjustment pressure; P1In order to execution working pressure.If calculates in the primary election system working pressure time the is sketchier than designation pressure to lose is much bigger than, should remove entire related part, auxiliary specification, again definite pipeline size.4.2 systems give off heat The system gives off heat originates from the system interior energy loss, like the hydraulic pump and the functional element power loss, the overflow valve overflow loses, the hydraulic valve and the pipeline pressure loss and so on.The system gives off heat the power P computation (4.3)In the formula: PB is the hydraulic pump power input (W); Is the hydraulic pump overall effectiveness indexIf in a operating cycle has several working procedures, then may act according to each working procedure the calorific capacity, extracts the system unit time the average calorific capacity: (4.4) In the formula: T is the operating cycle cycle (s); ti For i working procedure operating time (s); pi is in the circulation the i working procedure power input (W).4.3 systems efficiencyThe hydraulic system efficiency is by the hydraulic pump, the functional element and the hydraulic pressure return route efficiency determinedThe hydraulic pressure return route efficiency generally may use the type to calculate: (4.5)In the formula: p1，q1；p2，q2； For each functional element working pressure and current capacity; pB1，qB1；pB2，qB2 is each hydraulic pump supplies the oil pressure and the current capacity.Hydraulic system overall effectiveness index: (4.6)In the formula: For hydraulic pump overall effectiveness index; In order to functional element overall effectiveness index; For return route efficiency5 draws up the regular worker mapping and the compilation technology documentPasses through after the hydraulic system performance and the essential revision, then may draw up the regular worker mapping, it including plan hydraulic system schematic diagram, system pipeline assembly drawing and each kind of non- standard part design drawing.In the official hydraulic system schematic diagram must mark various hydraulic pressure part the model specification. Regarding automaticity higher engine bed, but also should include the movement part the cycle of motion chart and the electro-magnet, the pressure switch active status.5.1 determinations hydraulic system parameterMay know by the operating mode analysis in, the labor enters the stage the load strength to be biggest, therefore, the hydraulic cylinder working pressure according to this load strength computation, according to the hydraulic cylinder and the load relations, p1=401