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1、,,,,,Grammar,專題八主謂一致和特殊句式,,,,,PART 1,高頻考點(diǎn)清單,PART 2,重溫高考真題,PART 3,熱考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn),,PART 1,,高頻考點(diǎn)清單,,,主謂一致的核心考點(diǎn),1.就近一致原則 (1)由or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近一致原則，謂語動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。 Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to
2、 change his mind. (2)here/there引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子而主語又不止一個(gè)時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近原則，謂語動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。 Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.,2.意義一致原則 (1)謂語動(dòng)詞必須用單數(shù)的情況 表示學(xué)科的名詞以及works(工廠)，news(消息)等作主語時(shí)，雖然本身為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。 Politics is his favorite subject. 表示某些組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名詞、書/報(bào)名、國名、地名等作主語時(shí)，雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但所表示的意義是單數(shù)，所以謂語
3、動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Do you know when the United Nations was set up?,(2)謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)的情況 表示總稱意義的名詞，如people，police，public，cattle等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 The police are searching for the murderer. (3)謂語動(dòng)詞的形式依據(jù)主語表示的意義而定 集體名詞，如family，class，group，team，club，pany，government，population等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)其在語境中表示的意義而定。當(dāng)其表示集體意義，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用
4、單數(shù)；當(dāng)其表示集體中各個(gè)組成部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all music lovers.,“the形容詞/分詞”表示“一類人”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 The poor were looked down upon in the old days. 3.語法一致原則 (1)由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語 “a/the名詞單數(shù)and名詞單數(shù)”表示一個(gè)人(雙重身份)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 The teacher and poet often gives lecture
5、s around the city. “a/the名詞單數(shù)anda/the名詞單數(shù)”表示兩個(gè)人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 The teacher and the poet have just arrived.,“every名詞單數(shù)andevery名詞單數(shù)”表示每一個(gè)人，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country. 通常由兩個(gè)部件組成的物品如：a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Bread and butter is not to his t
6、aste. (2)表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量、長度及價(jià)格的名詞，盡管有時(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)形式但常被看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 Is fifty pounds enough?,(3)“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)of名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)of后的名詞的形式來定，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 Two-thirds of the books are about science. Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.,題組訓(xùn)練1 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.The writer and translat
7、or (be) delivering a speech in our school now. 2.He or I (be) to go. 3. (be) not only the students but also their teacher required to attend the meeting? 4.Ten years (be) a moment in history. 5.A third of his positions (have) been corrected. 6.The unknown (be) always something to be feared.,
8、查看答案,is,am,Are,is,have,is,倒裝句的核心考點(diǎn),1.全部倒裝 (1)在There be/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain等存在句中。 Look，theres that bookshop I was telling you about. (2)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首，主語是名詞而不是代詞時(shí)，用完全倒裝。此時(shí)，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。 There goes the phone.Ill answer it.,(3)suc
9、h作表語置于句首時(shí)。 Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man but the 20th centurys greatest scientist. (4)直接引語的全部或部分位于句首時(shí)。 “If you die，who will get your money？” asked Holmes. (5)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語位于句首時(shí)。 In the center of the square stands a monument. (6)為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，或使上下文銜接緊密，而將作表語的介詞短語、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首，引起倒裝。 Gone forever are th
10、e days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.,2.部分倒裝 在下列幾種情況下，只把助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 (1)little，never，not，seldom，neither，nor，hardly，rarely，by no means，at no time，under no circumstances，in no case等表示否定意義的單詞或短語位于句首時(shí)。 Little does he care about what others think. (2)在not...until...，no soon
11、er...than...，scarcely/hardly...when...，not only...but also...，neither...nor...等句式中。 Neither does he drink nor smoke.,(3)當(dāng)only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句位于句首時(shí)。 Only then did I find I had made a mistake. (4)在so/such...that...從句中，當(dāng)so形容詞/副詞或such名詞位于句首時(shí)。 So exhausted was she that she wanted to have a rest. (5)當(dāng)表示前面所說
12、的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí)，常用“so/asbe動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語”，表示“也是”。 Times have changed and so have I. (6)當(dāng)neither，nor位于句首，表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí)，常用“neither/norbe動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語”，表示“也不”。 They couldnt understand it at that time，and nor could we.,(7)省略if的虛擬條件句，把were，had，should提到主語前面。 Had it not been for your help，we shouldn
13、t have achieved so much. (8)as和though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。 Try as she might，Sue couldnt get the door open. (9)“may動(dòng)詞原形”表示祝愿，通常把may置于句首，構(gòu)成倒裝語序。 May you succeed!,題組訓(xùn)練2 1. (他雖然成功)，he is not proud.(as) 2.Only when he reached the teahouse (他才意識(shí)到) it was the same place hed been in last year. 3.Its nice.
14、Never before (我以前從沒喝過這么特別的飲料)! Im glad you like it. 4. (貓?zhí)饋? and caught the mouse. 5.Not until he finished his work (他才回家).,查看答案,Successfulasheis,didherealize,haveIhadsuchaspecialdrink,Upjumpedthecat,didhegohome,1.使用助動(dòng)詞do，does和did對謂語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。 First impressions really do c
15、ount. 2.運(yùn)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語動(dòng)詞以外的其他句子成分。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who其他成分?？捎脕韽?qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語、賓語、狀語、表語、同位語等成分。在復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)，要注意以下幾個(gè)方面：,強(qiáng)調(diào)句的核心考點(diǎn),(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，當(dāng)對陳述句中的主語進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，無論被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞都要用單數(shù)形式It is/was...，同時(shí)，that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語在人稱和數(shù)方面保持一致。 It is my parents that/who often help me get out of trou
16、ble. (2)當(dāng)對地點(diǎn)狀語、時(shí)間狀語或其他狀語從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用連接詞that，而不能用where，when，why或how等。 It was on August 8,2008 that the 29th Summer Olympic Games were opened in Beijing.,(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問句 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，無論被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是什么句子成分，變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r(shí)，都須將主句改為疑問語序，即將“It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that其他成分”改為“Is/Was it被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that其他成分？”或“疑問詞is/was it that其他成分？”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Was it her fa
17、iling her exam that made her parents unhappy? When was it that she changed her mind?,(4)在對not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)中的until時(shí)間狀語或時(shí)間狀語從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，要將句中的not移至until之前，構(gòu)成：It is/was not until...that...。注意that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要變成肯定形式，而且不再采用倒裝語序。 I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.It was
18、 not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.,題組訓(xùn)練3 1. (是在一個(gè)荒涼的島上) he was saved one month after the boat went down? 2. (不是我們做了多少，而是我們對所做的事情注入了多少愛) benefits our work most. 3.Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree
19、? Of course，I have. (這部電影是在我們村里制作出來的).,查看答案,Wasitonalonelyislandthat,Itisnothowmuchwedobuthowmuchloveweputintowhatwedothat,Itwasinourvillagethatitwasmade,4.If you have a job， (務(wù)必全身心地投入到工作中) and finally youll succeed. 5. (不是我們偶爾做的事情) shapes our lives，but what w
20、e do consistently.,查看答案,dodevoteyourselftoit,Itsnotwhatwedoonceinawhilethat,注意事項(xiàng)： 1.如果由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語從句時(shí)，從句必須使用陳述語序，不可用疑問語序。 He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake. 2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中的反意疑問句式。 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，其反意疑問句的主語及助動(dòng)詞必須與主句It is/was...保持一致。 It is Mary not you who wants to ask me about that
21、matter，isnt it?,3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)與定語從句的混合使用。 在高考試題中，為了增加試題的難度，命題人常將強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語從句混合起來，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜。我們要注意從語法角度來分析句子，理清結(jié)構(gòu)“強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語從句”。 It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her. 4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與時(shí)間狀語從句的辨析。 當(dāng)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，去掉“it is/was”和連詞“that”，原句仍然完整；而在時(shí)間狀語從句中，若去掉“it is/was”和連詞“when/before”，原句不完整。 It was at 14：28
22、that the terrible earthquake broke out.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型) It was 14：28 when the terrible earthquake broke out.(狀語從句),1.狀語從句中的省略 由when，while，if，as if，although/though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，如果其謂語動(dòng)詞為be，而主語與主句的主語相同時(shí)，則從句的主語和be可省略；或從句的主語為it，謂語動(dòng)詞為be時(shí)，也可省略從句中的it和be。 When (I am) in trouble，I always
23、turn to my classmates for help. If (it is) possible，this machine can be fixed at once.,省略句的核心考點(diǎn),2.不定式的省略 單獨(dú)使用不定式符號to代替不定式后被省略的動(dòng)詞，常用在be afraid，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，try，want，wish等詞后；或放在表情緒的詞后，代替被省略的動(dòng)詞，常見詞有：glad，happy，pleased等；但是，如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，則要保留be，have，h
24、ave been。 Will you please look after my house when Im away? Im glad to. Are you a sailor? No.But I used to be. Your work hasnt been handed in，but it ought to have been.,3.?？嫉膸讉€(gè)省略形式 if ever，if any，if not better/worse/taller...than等。 4.并列句中的省略 并列句中的兩個(gè)對等句里的動(dòng)詞相同時(shí)，后者的動(dòng)詞可以省略。 He is going to Hong Kong，but
25、his brother (is going) to America. My room is on the third floor and his，on the fifth.,題組訓(xùn)練4 1.Jane wont join us for dinner tonight and (湯姆也不想加入). 2.It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. (如果這樣的話)，wed better take it to the garage immediately. 3. (多么奇怪的植物啊)! Ive n
26、ever seen it before. 4. (當(dāng)沿著大街走的時(shí)候)，I heard my name called. 5.I asked him to see the film，but (他不想去).,查看答案,Tomwonteither,Ifso,Whatastrangeplant,Whilewalkingalongthestreet,hedidntwantto,,PART 2,,重溫高考真題,,,1.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in th
27、e passenger seat.(2018天津，14) A.which B.that C.when D.where,答案,解析,解析句意為：直到汽車停在我們的房子前時(shí)我們才看見莉莉坐在乘客座上。分析題干可知本句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是only when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分that剩余部分”可知選B項(xiàng)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.In any unsafe situation，simply the button and a highly-trained agent
28、will get you the help you need.(2018北京，8) A.press B.to press C.pressing D.pressed,答案,解析,解析根據(jù)空后的and可知應(yīng)該選A項(xiàng)。這是一個(gè)固定句式，其構(gòu)成是“祈使句and陳述句”。句意為：在任何不安全的情況下，只要按一下按鈕，訓(xùn)練有素的工作人員就會(huì)給予你所需要的幫助。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.The publication of Great Expectations，whichboth widely reviewed and hi
29、ghly praised，strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江蘇，24) A.is B.are C.was D.were,答案,解析,解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意為：遠(yuǎn)大前程這部小說的出版發(fā)行受到廣泛評論和高度贊揚(yáng)，這鞏固了狄更斯作為頂尖小說家的地位。空格處與后面的reviewed和praised一起構(gòu)成定語從句的謂語，根據(jù)主句謂語strengthened判斷這里用一般過去時(shí)；定語從句的關(guān)系詞which指代主句的“the publication of Great Expectations”，主語核心詞是publi
30、cation，故be動(dòng)詞用was。因此選C。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming， as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.(2017天津，6) A.regard B.is regarded C.are regarded D.regards,答案,解析,解析考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。句意為：如今，騎行與慢跑、游泳一起被認(rèn)為是最全面的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式之一。當(dāng)主語后面接由along w
31、ith引起的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和主語(cycling)保持一致，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)； cycling與regard之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，排除D項(xiàng)，故選B項(xiàng)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.(2017天津，11) A.who B.where C.which D.that,答案,解析,解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判定。句意為：正是當(dāng)我回到公寓時(shí)，我第一次偶然遇見了我的新鄰居們。
32、強(qiáng)調(diào)句的判斷方法是將It is/was與that/who去掉，然后看剩余的部分是不是一個(gè)成分完整的句子。經(jīng)判斷，“When I got back to my apartment，I first came across my new neighbors.”句子成分完整，由此可斷定本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語，故空格處應(yīng)用that。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6.Only when Lily walked into the office that she had left the contract at home.
33、(2015天津，3) A.she realized B.has she realized C.she has realized D.did she realize,答案,解析,解析考查倒裝及時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：直到莉莉走進(jìn)辦公室時(shí)，她才意識(shí)到她把合同忘在家里了?！皁nly狀語從句”位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語when Lily walked into the office可知要用一般過去時(shí)。故答案為D。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.It is important to remember that s
34、uccess a sum of small efforts made each day and often years to achieve.(2015湖南，27) A.is；takes B.are；takes C.are；take D.is；take,答案,解析,解析考查主謂一致。句意為：成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的總和，它常常需要很多年的時(shí)間才能實(shí)現(xiàn)，記住這些很重要。此處success是不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故選A項(xiàng)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.Always in mind that yo
35、ur main task is to get this pany running smoothly.(2015湖南，31) A.to keep B.to have kept C.keep D.have kept,答案,解析,解析考查祈使句。句意為：一直要記?。耗愕闹饕蝿?wù)是使這家公司運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)順利。祈使句一般以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，故用keep。keep in mind記住，固定搭配。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.It was the culture，rather than the language， made it hard
36、for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014福建，29) A.where B.why C.that D.what,答案,解析,解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意為：是風(fēng)俗文化而不是語言使他很難適應(yīng)國外的新環(huán)境。去掉It was及空格處所填詞此句成分仍完整，由此可斷定本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，所以空格處用that。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10. me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab result. (2014大綱全國，33) A.Cal
37、ling B.Call C.To call D.Having called,答案,解析,解析考查祈使句。句意為：明天給我打電話，我會(huì)讓你知道實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“祈使句and簡單句”這一固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)，故B項(xiàng)正確。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.“Never for a second，”the boy says，“that my father would e to my rescue.”(2013江蘇，27) A.I doubted B.do I doubt C.I have doubted D.di
38、d I doubt,答案,解析,解析句意為：這個(gè)男孩說：“我從不懷疑我父親會(huì)來救我?！碑?dāng)否定副詞或具有否定含義的短語置于句首時(shí)，句子常用部分倒裝。再根據(jù)would e to...可知，是在講過去發(fā)生的事，故用過去時(shí)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.Every daya proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. (2013湖南，30) A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads,答案,解析,解析句意為：每天大聲朗讀一則諺
39、語幾遍直到你記住?？疾榫湫汀捌硎咕溥B詞(如and，or...)簡單句”的用法。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness to him again. (2013江西，25) A.I will speak B.will I speak C.do I speak D.I speak,答案,解析,解析本題考查倒裝句式?！皁nly狀語/狀語從句”位于句首，句子要倒裝。因此A、D兩項(xiàng)不正確。句意為：只有當(dāng)他為自己的無禮道歉時(shí)，我才會(huì)再和他說話。由apolo
40、gizes可知是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)的原則，主句應(yīng)該用將來時(shí)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.It was with the help of the local guide the mountain climber was rescued.(2013重慶，27) A.who B.that C.when D.how,答案,解析,解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意為：是在當(dāng)?shù)叵驅(qū)У膸椭?，登山者才被營救出來。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that...，故答案為B項(xiàng)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
41、,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.Not onceto Michael that he could one day bee a top student in his class.(2013湖南，35) A.occurred it B.it did occur C.it occurred D.did it occur,答案,解析,解析考查倒裝的用法。句意為：邁克爾成為班里的第一名這樣的情況一次也沒有發(fā)生過。否定副詞not置于句首用于強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,1
42、9,20,16.If to look after luggage for someone else，inform the police at once. (2013江西，34) A.asked B.to ask C.asking D.having asked,答案,解析,解析句意為：如果有人要你替他看管行李，立即聯(lián)系警察。ask的主動(dòng)形式后不能直接跟不定式作賓語，只能跟不定式作賓補(bǔ)，所以可以直接排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)。 完整的句子應(yīng)該是If you are asked。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,17.The drive
43、r wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police.(2013新課標(biāo)全國，28) A.not to do B.not to C.not do D.do not,答案,解析,解析考查不定式的否定及省略。句意為：司機(jī)想把車停在路邊，但是警察提醒他不可以。句中by the police為干擾部分，可以去掉，句式為ask sb. to do sth. 的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的否定形式。A選項(xiàng)后加it也正確。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18.At n
44、o time the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them. (2013遼寧，26) A.they actually brokeB.do they actually break C.did they actually breakD.they had actually broken,答案,解析,解析考查倒裝及動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：他們確實(shí)不會(huì)違反比賽規(guī)則，懲罰他們是不公平的。其中at no time為介詞短語，當(dāng)其位于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)該用部分倒裝，根據(jù)第二個(gè)句子可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。故選C。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,1
45、2,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,19.at the door before you enter my room，please.(2012北京，31) A.Knock B.Knocking C.Knocked D.To knock,答案,解析,解析句意為：進(jìn)我的房間之前請先敲門。句子缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，所以空格處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一個(gè)祈使句，A項(xiàng)正確。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,20.Only after they had discussed the matter for several hoursa de
46、cision. (2011湖南，32) A.they reached B.did they reach C.they reach D.do they reach,答案,解析,解析句意為：他們只有在討論這個(gè)問題幾個(gè)小時(shí)后才做決定?！皁nly狀語從句”放在句首，主句需用部分倒裝句式，由從句中的“had discussed”可知主句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,,,,,PART 3,熱考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn),1.Tom as well as two of his classmates invited to the par
47、ty. A.are B.will be C.is D.be,答案,解析,解析as well as連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與前者一致。Tom為第三人稱單數(shù)，故選C。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.Up till now，there has been no scientific evidence about caused the death of dinosaurs.(2018興化一中考前適應(yīng)，29) A.what is it that B.what it was that C.it was what D.wha
48、t is it,答案,解析,解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意為：到目前為止，還沒有科學(xué)證據(jù)證明是什么導(dǎo)致了恐龍的死亡。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)了恐龍滅絕的原因，即what，因此這是一個(gè)特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)句式后面要跟that，故可排除C、D兩項(xiàng)； 另外，由于這個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句是作介詞about的賓語從句，因此要用陳述語序，故B項(xiàng)正確。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.So sometimes in trying to acplish something big we fail to notice the little things that giv
49、e life its magic. A.we get caught up；as B.do we get caught up；that C.caught up get we；as D.caught up do we get；that,答案,解析,解析句意為：我們有時(shí)會(huì)試圖去完成一些大事，以至于我們沒有注意到那些給生命帶來魔力的小事。So形容詞或副詞that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，當(dāng)“So形容詞或副詞”位于句子開頭時(shí)，則主句用部分倒裝，結(jié)合句意可知答案為D。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.It was human error
50、s，rather than the natural disaster， for the death of so many innocent people in the landslide at an industrial park in Shenzhen. A.which is blamed B.that is to blame C.which are blamed D.that are to blame,答案,解析,解析句意為：在深圳的一個(gè)工業(yè)園區(qū)發(fā)生了山體滑坡，造成許多無辜者死亡是人為的錯(cuò)誤，而不是自然災(zāi)害。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句：it is/was強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that其它，所以要用that；因?yàn)橛蓃
51、ather than(而不是)連接的主語與前一部分一致，所以要用are，故選D。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.I dont see any reason why I sacrifice myself so much. Never forget why you started so that you can acplish your mission，？(2018常州高三上期末統(tǒng)考，32) A.will you B.wont you C.can you D.cant you,答案,解析,解析考查反意疑問句。有never
52、表示否定意義，排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。 祈使句的反意疑問句一般用will you。故選A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6.As our teacher often puts it， to key universities those who will never give up halfway.(2018江蘇高考壓軸，24) A.being admitted；areB.admitting；is C.admitted；areD.to be admitted；is,答案,解析,解析考查倒裝句和非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意為：正如我們老師經(jīng)常
53、說的，考入重點(diǎn)大學(xué)的那些學(xué)生是永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)半途而廢的人。第一個(gè)空考查短語be admitted to(被錄取)可以排除B項(xiàng)； 題干是完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，正常語序是those who...are admitted to key universities，得知第二個(gè)空是復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，可以排除D項(xiàng)； A項(xiàng)的being是多余的，也可以被排除。故選C。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.If for too long，the microscopic life(微生物) within the wrinkles and folds of our
54、 bed sheets can turn our bed into a “botanical park”，making us sick. A.left B.is left C.being left D.to be left,答案,解析,解析考查狀語從句的省略。句意為：如果床單太久不洗，床單皺褶里的微生物就會(huì)把我們的床變成“植物園”，讓我們生病。由句意可知，本句中主從句主語一致，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式，故從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞可以省略，If left for too longIf it (the microscopic life) is left for too long，省略it is。
55、故選A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8. that made Mrs White so upset? Her sons making trouble in the school. A.Where was it B.Why was it C.How was it D.What was it,答案,解析,解析句意為：是什么讓懷特夫人這么難過？她兒子在學(xué)校惹事了。判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的要點(diǎn)是：當(dāng)去掉It is/was和that/who時(shí)，剩下的句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整。這里是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問形式，由答語可知，這里句子的主語應(yīng)該用What，而不
56、是Where，Why或How。所以應(yīng)該選D項(xiàng)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.I am glad to find that on top of the mountain from the time of the Roman Empire.(2017蘇北四市統(tǒng)測，29) A.lies ancient ruins B.lie ancient ruins C.does ancient ruins lie D.do ancient ruins lie,答案,解析,解析考查完全倒裝和主謂一致。句意為：我很高興地發(fā)現(xiàn)在山頂上有羅
57、馬帝國時(shí)期的古代遺址。分析句子成分可知，地點(diǎn)狀語on top of the mountain位于句首時(shí)，句子需要全部倒裝。ruin的復(fù)數(shù)形式ruins意為“廢墟，遺跡”，故lie ancient ruins符合題意。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.How was the televised debate last night? Super！Rarely so much media attention.(2017啟東中學(xué)月考，23) A.a debate attracted B.did a debate attrac
58、t C.a debate did attract D.attracted a debate,答案,解析,解析考查倒裝句。否定副詞rarely表示“很少地，罕有地”，位于句首時(shí)后面的句子要用部分倒裝，即“助動(dòng)詞主語動(dòng)詞”的形式。故選B項(xiàng)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.Anne lost her wallet and Mother wasnt surprised that as she was too careless.(2017鎮(zhèn)江一模，34) A.she was so B.so was she C.so did
59、she D.she did so,答案,解析,解析考查省略句。句意為：安妮丟了錢包，但是她媽媽對此一點(diǎn)都不感到驚訝，因?yàn)樗中牧?。she did so相當(dāng)于she lost her wallet，為了避免重復(fù)，用此結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D項(xiàng)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.Only since the Industrial Revolution in places away from their homes or been left to raise small children without the help of mu
60、ltiple adults. (2017南京、鹽城一模，34) A.most people have workedB.have most people worked C.most people had workedD.had most people worked,答案,解析,解析考查倒裝句。句意為：自工業(yè)革命以來，多數(shù)人才到遠(yuǎn)離他們家園的地方去工作，或者由于沒有足夠多的成年人的幫助，他們得留下來撫養(yǎng)小孩。分析句子成分可知，當(dāng)“only狀語”位于句首時(shí)，主句需要部分倒裝。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since the Industrial Revolution可知本題的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故have most p
61、eople worked符合題意。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.The great poet and writer ing to our school talking about Chinese literature and painting next week. A.is B.was C.are D.were,答案,解析,解析句意為：那位偉大的作家兼詩人將在下周來我們學(xué)校給我們講中國文學(xué)和繪畫。當(dāng)and連接并列主語表示同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。本句主語表示的是一個(gè)人的兩種身份。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7
62、,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.Take the medicine right away！ it yesterday，you would be quite all right now. A.Had you taken B.Would you take C.Should you take D.Were you to take,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬條件句中省略if的倒裝。句意為：趕快吃下這個(gè)藥。如果你昨天吃了這個(gè)藥，你今天早就好了。本題是虛擬語氣，由yesterday可知是對過去的虛擬，其形式應(yīng)為if you had taken it yest
63、erday。如果虛擬條件句的謂語含有were，should，had，可以把if省略而將這三個(gè)詞放于條件句主語前構(gòu)成倒裝。故選A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.The employee might have been dismissed by the employer last month，？ A.hasnt he B.didnt he C.wasnt he D.mightnt he,答案,解析,解析考查反意疑問句。句意為：該雇員上個(gè)月也許已經(jīng)被雇主除名。一般情況下，反意疑問部分取決于主句謂語動(dòng)詞，如He is k
64、ind，isnt he？但在must/might/could have done等表示推測的句子中，如果有明確的時(shí)間狀語，反意疑問部分取決于該時(shí)間狀語。last month用于過去時(shí)。故選C。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,16.Its the gap year before going to university students can make friends and work on meaningful projects may help them understand college life better.(
65、2018常州高三上期末統(tǒng)考，24) A.when；that B.which；that C.when；which D.where；which,答案,解析,解析考查定語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句?！癵ap year”暗示“在這段時(shí)間中”所以用when。把“its”和中間的“before...on meaningful projects”去掉，“the gap year may help them understand college life better”句意仍然通暢，說明為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，用that。故選A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1
66、7.Have you got any particular plans for the ing holiday? Yes，，Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city. A.if possible B.if anything C.if ever D.if busy,答案,解析,解析if possible如果有可能的話；if anything如果有什么不同的話；if ever如果曾經(jīng)有過的話；if busy如果忙的話。根據(jù)句意選A項(xiàng)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18.We wont think of human clones and any reason to suggest that we are closer to producing them now than we were in the past. (2018蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一調(diào)，34) A.neither there is B.neither there was C.nor is there
（江蘇專用）2020版高考英語新增分大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題全輯 專題八 主謂一致和特殊句式課件 牛津譯林版.ppt
