2021版新高考英語一輪復習 課時提能練39-40 北師大版

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1、課時提能練39-40 課時提能練(三十九) 選修7　Unit 20　New Frontiers(A) 課時作業(yè)A：基礎層面 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Two men got beaten(beat) in the restaurant last night. 2．I was afraid the kids would give the whole thing away. 3．Nothing can make up for what they have suffered. 4．There is no doubt about what has happened. 5．She was

2、having lunch when an old friend came to see her. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Many support the former alternative，but personally I favour the later. later→latter 2．I doubt that they can swim across the river.that→whether/if 3．Aspirin (阿司匹林) is a certain cure of a headache.of→for 4．Time permits，I'll see you afte

3、r the meeting.permits→permitting 5．Dedicated to raise money for the project，they have been working day and night.raise→raising Ⅲ.選詞成篇 A nothing like，carry out，wrestle with，by mistake，take over，give away，in advance Li Jun 1.took_over a big company from his father several years ago.Now he is 2.ca

4、rrying_out a project to 3.wrestle_with some difficulties he has caused 4.by_mistake.In order not to 5.give_away the secret，he held a meeting to make a plan 6.in_advance.He is 7.nothing_like what he was before. B figure out，get across，rather than，make up for，in addition，due to，in conclusion After

5、an exam，our English teacher often asks us to 8.figure_out the reasons for our mistakes 9.rather_than forces us to copy the questions as other teachers. 10.In_addition，he often asks us to correct the mistakes 11.due_to carelessness or other reasons.Then we are asked to make plans to 12.make_up_for ou

6、r mistakes. 13.In_conclusion，he will use his own ways to 14.get the related knowledge across to us. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．I feel_it_an_honor (我感到榮幸)to have an opportunity to speak here about our dreams. 2．I had asked everyone to raise questions in_advance_of_the_meeting(會議前)． 3．By the time the bell rings，we

7、will_have_finished (將已經(jīng)完成)the experiment in the lab. 4．There_is_no_doubt_that (毫無疑問)Mary performed well in the speaking competition. 5．No_matter_what/Whatever_you_do(無論做什么)，being sincere is the most important. 課時作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·大連市一模)Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the un

8、iverse back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar eclipse(月食)—on the roof of their house. Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School，Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for

9、travelling to Mars. She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel.So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge，Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind. “I knew she would love the ch

10、allenge and that she would go way beyond in her search，” Smeeton said.“She immediately started researching bone density(密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.” “My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world，” Dobek says. Dobek's d

11、esign calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in.It also includes the SGF or Self-Growing Farm，and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars. Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek's design.A simulator (模擬裝置) allows as

12、tronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment.Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth，such as their homes. “I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，” Dobek said.“Whatever they want to do，th

13、ey should push for it and always try their best.” 【語篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了小學生Emilia Dobek設計太空站，并贏得挑戰(zhàn)的相關內(nèi)容。 1．Dobek first became interested in space when ________. A．she was still a seventh grader B．she studied at a junior high school C．she lived on the top of their house D．she watched an eclipse of the

14、moon D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar eclipse(月食)—on the roof of their house”可知，Dobek對太空感興趣是從她在三年級時的一個晚上觀看一次月食開始的。] 2．Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because __

15、______. A．she knew Dobek liked challenges in life B．she had no other students interested in Mars C．Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronauts D．she was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Smeeton的話可推知，她對Dobek很了解，對其可以接受這項挑戰(zhàn)并出色完成充滿信心。] 3．What does Dobek fo

16、cus on when designing the space station? A．The environment on Mars. B．The safety of the supplies. C．The activities for astronauts. D．The comfort of the astronauts. D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“make sure their comfort is out of this world”并結合對倒數(shù)第二段的整體理解可推知，Dobek的設計包含身體和休閑活動，讓宇航員在太空中也感到舒適。] B (2019·長春市質量

17、監(jiān)測一)I was waiting for my train and on the subway station's floor was a man just sitting there.I looked around and nobody stopped so I just went my way.After a few steps，I turned and asked him whether he needed help.He told me his house was one station further and he would only need to take the train

18、 there.So I reached for his hand to help him stand up. He wanted to take the stairs but I feared that he would hurt himself since he seemed too weak to walk，so I asked him to take the elevator.Even though my mind was trying to turn the danger lights on，I put the thought that I should not go alone w

19、ith a drunken man out of my mind and accompanied him on the elevator. We arrived on the platform with no incidents.The man's knees seemed to soften，so I asked him to rest on a bench.While sitting there，he thanked me，telling me that I saved him.No，I said，I really did nothing; he saved himself as he

20、walked on his own feet. At the next station，we said our goodbyes.Before I knew it，he left 100 dollars and dashed out of the train.There was no way to give him back his money.I wanted to leave it on the seat，but a young woman who thought it belonged to me ran after me and gave me the note. My initi

21、al reaction to getting that money was of shame and I even felt offended.Then I thought he just wanted to thank me，the best way he knew how.Now，my question is－what act of kindness shall I do with these 100 dollars? 【語篇解讀】　這是一篇記敘文。作者在地鐵站臺看到有個醉漢坐在地上，于是把對方攙扶起來并陪他坐上地鐵，臨下車的時候對方塞給作者一百美元，作者準備用這筆錢繼續(xù)幫助別人。 4

22、．Why was the man sitting on the subway station's floor? A．Because he wanted to go home. B．Because he was seriously ill. C．Because he was drunk. D．Because he was waiting for the train. C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“I put the thought...with a drunken man”可知，這個人坐在地鐵站的地上是因為喝醉了。] 5．Seeing the money left by t

23、he man，the author first felt ________. A．a(chǎn)shamed　 B．grateful C．delighted D．frustrated A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段第一句中的“My initial reaction...was of shame”可知，作者看到這筆錢最初的反應是感到羞愧，因此選A。] 6．How will the author possibly deal with the money? A．Give it back. B．Buy something favorable. C．Leave it on the seat. D．Giv

24、e it to people in need. D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段最后一句“Now，my question is...do with these 100 dollars”可推知，作者下一步要用這筆錢去幫助他人，因此選D。] 7．What can we infer from the passage? A．I helped the man the moment I saw him. B．I accompanied the man to take the stairs. C．I thought it unsafe to go alone with the drunken man a

25、t first. D．A young woman ran after me and gave me the note. C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，作者先是把不應該單獨與這個醉漢同行的念頭趕走，并在電梯里陪著他，因此C項正確。] Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019·湖南省六校聯(lián)考) Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth Astronauts have to go through physical，psychological，and technical training. They also go through training in how to

26、 care for plants.These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants. Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn't a new idea.As space trips become longer，it will be necessary to grow food in space.__1__ Because of this，it's not practical to send everything needed for a long

27、journey，only to be used once and thrown away. Plants can serve many uses on a space journey.They can provide more fresh things.__2__ Also，plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen.They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft—the only air the astronauts

28、can breathe. __3__ Due to the lack of gravity in space，the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants.This can actually kill them，so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity，roots don't “know” to grow down，leaves don't “know” to grow up，and water doesn't easily travel up th

29、e roots to the leaves.__4__ Besides，soil is too heavy to send to space，and special liquid gels(凝膠) are used to help plant growth. Scientists are also working on the plants themselves.They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space，and they are looking fo

30、r ways to make plants more resistant to disease.__5__ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people，saving transportation costs.Similarly，plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply.With the world's population now at about 7.7 billion pe

31、ople，our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions. A．Every plant grown in space must have several uses. B．However，there are challenges with growing plants in space. C．Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth. D．The cost of taking anything into space is

32、about $22,000 per kilogram. E．Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly. F．Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods. G．Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了宇航員在太空種植的原因和好處以及種植方法。 1．D

33、　[空后是說將所有所需東西帶上太空是不切合實際的；據(jù)此可推知，空處應是介紹空后一句的原因；故D項“帶任何東西到太空的花費大約是每千克22 000美元”符合語境。] 2．F　[根據(jù)空前一句可知，植物可以為宇航員提供新鮮的東西；根據(jù)空后一句可知，植物還可以改善太空站的空氣質量，因為其可以產(chǎn)生氧氣；據(jù)此可推知，空處應是介紹太空種植植物的好處，即宇航員也喜歡在他們的干糧中有新鮮的果蔬食物，故F項正確。] 3．B　[上文介紹了太空種植的好處，即為宇航員提供新鮮的果蔬、改善太空站的空氣質量等；結合下文可知，種植太空果蔬有一定的困難；據(jù)此可知，空處承上啟下，與上文形成轉折關系，故B項正確。] 4．E　

34、[根據(jù)上文可知，在失重的情況下，植物的根和葉不知道如何生長，水分也不容易從根部傳到葉子上；而空后一句介紹了關于土壤的解決方法；據(jù)此可推知，空處應是介紹解決上述問題的方法，故E項“正在研制專門的容器去幫助植物正確地生長”符合語境。] 5．C　[根據(jù)空前一句可知，科學家們正在尋找各種讓植物少使用水，在太空快速生長，而且可以抵抗病害的方法；且下文又提到改良后的植物對地球的影響；據(jù)此可推知，空處應是說明這些方法可以在地球上運用以帶來改善，故C項正確。] Ⅲ.語法填空 (2019·貴陽市適應性考試一)China's space program has become the first to la

35、nd a spacecraft on the 1.________(so-call) dark side of the moon.The landing on Thursday brought the country closer to its goal of becoming a space power. Chang'e 4 sent a picture taken at 11：40 in the morning back to Earth.It shows small craters and 2.________empty surface that appears to be 3.___

36、_____(light) by a light from the lunar explorer. The name Chang'e comes from a subject of Chinese mythology that many Chinese believe 4.________(live) on the moon for thousands of years. The landing is an example of China's 5.________(grow) desire to compete with the American，Russian and European

37、space 6.________(program)．China also wants to strengthen 7.________(it) position. Hou Xiyun is a professor at Nanjing University's school of astronomy and space science.He told the Associated Press，“8.________ the whole，China's space technology still falls behind the West，but with the landing on th

38、e far side of the moon，we have raced to the front.” He added that China plans to explore Mars，Jupiter and asteroids(小行星) in the future.“There's no doubt 9.________ our nation will go farther and farther，”he said. In 2013，Chang'e 3 made the first moon landing since the former Soviet Union's Luna 24

39、 in 1976.The United States is the only country that has 10.________ (success)sent a person to the moon.But China is considering a crewed mission，as well. For now，China plans to send a Chang'e 5 spacecraft to the moon in 2019 and have it return to Earth with collected particles. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文，主要通

40、過講述“嫦娥四號”登陸月球背面介紹了中國的太空探索發(fā)展狀況。 1．so-called　[考查詞形轉換。修飾名詞應用形容詞，故用形容詞so-called 修飾dark side，作定語。] 2．a(chǎn)n　[考查冠詞。surface是可數(shù)名詞，且第一次在語境中出現(xiàn)，故用不定冠詞修飾，且empty的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故填an。] 3．lit/lighted　[考查動詞的語態(tài)。根據(jù)空后的介詞“by”并結合語境可知，此處是被動結構，即“be＋done”的形式，故填lit/lighted。] 4．has lived　[考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，that引導定語從句，指代a subj

41、ect，在從句中作主語，故此處應用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；且根據(jù)時間狀語for thousands of years可知，本句應用現(xiàn)在完成時，故填has lived。] 5．growing　[考查形容詞。growing 是形容詞，意為“增長的”，在句中作定語，修飾名詞desire。] 6．programs　[考查名詞的單復數(shù)。program是可數(shù)名詞，且其前無限定詞修飾，故用復數(shù)形式，故填programs。] 7．its　[考查代詞。此處應用形容詞性物主代詞its修飾名詞position。] 8．On　[考查介詞。on the whole是固定搭配，意為“大體上”，符合語境，故填介詞On。]

42、 9．that　[考查固定用法。分析句子結構可知，此處考查固定用法There is no doubt that，意為“毫無疑問”，符合語境，故填that。] 10．successfully　[考查副詞。修飾動詞應用副詞，故用副詞successfully修飾其后的動詞sent，在句子中作狀語。] Ⅳ.短文改錯 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫

43、線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 (2019·石家莊市畢業(yè)班教學質量檢測)Last term，I accommodated an exchange student calling Jacob from the Great Britain to our school.He really cares for Chinese culture.Jacob asked me to show himself around the city on weekends.I took him to many loca

44、l place of interest and we also go to the theater to watch a show of Peking opera.He was so attracted by the performance as he decided to learn it.My father happened to know a master of Peking opera and introduced Jacob to him.Jacob was great honored to be one of his students.Put his heart into it，J

45、acob made a rapid progress.When he returned England，he gave a performance，for what he won much admiration from his classmates. [答案]　 Last term，I accommodated an exchange student Jacob from the Great Britain to our school.He really cares for Chinese culture.Jacob asked me to show around the city

46、on weekends.I took him to many local of interest and we also to the theater to watch a show of Peking opera.He was so attracted by the performance he decided to learn it.My father happened to know a master of Peking opera and introduced Jacob to him.Jacob was honored to be one of his students. h

47、is heart into it，Jacob made a　rapid progress.When he returned England，he gave a performance，for he won much admiration from his classmates. 課時提能練(四十) 選修7　Unit 20　New Frontiers(B) 課時作業(yè)A：基礎層面 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．The guards permitted me to_bring (bring) my camera and tape recorder. 2．By the time Jack re

48、turned home from England，his son had_graduated (graduate) from college. 3．By the time he leaves university，he will_have_gained(gain) work experience so long as he takes part-time job. 4．If every one of us donates a day's pay to the Hope Project，then it will be hopeful. 5．With the assistance of my

49、 English teacher I've made rapid progress in English. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．I always prefer starting early，rather than leave everything to the last minute. leave→leaving 2．By next Sunday you have stayed with us for three months.you后加will 3．After graduation for ten years，they are still corresponding to eac

50、h other. to→with 4．Do you think the USA will declare war to Syria this year？to→on 5．Here are some good sources of information to assist you on making the best selection.on→in Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他告訴我，他這次考得一團糟。 He told me that he had made_a_mess_of the test. 2．我希望這次成功將激勵你更加努力。 I hope this success will i

51、nspire you_to_greater_efforts. 3．這次演出有眾多觀眾，從孩子到老人。 The show had a massive audience，ranging_from_children_to old people. 4．他說他與這件事沒有關系。 He said he had nothing_to_do_with the matter. 5．全世界的電視臺由衛(wèi)星相連。 Television stations around the world are_linked_by satellite. 課時作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·昆明質量檢

52、測)Bats are the only mammals(哺乳動物) that can fly a long distance，but they have another ability.Many bats live a very long time for an animal of their size.European researchers are studying bats to understand why they live so long. They hope to make discoveries aimed at fighting the aging process in h

53、uman beings. Last week，the group of scientists said they had discovered important biological qualities in some bat species.The group studied bat chromosomes(染色體)．The scientists were most interested in structures connected to the ends of the chromosomes.They are called telomeres(端粒)，which shorten ea

54、ch time a cell divides. The scientists believe this shortening process causes cells to break down.They say this is what causes aging. The European researchers studied 493 bats from four bat species.The group used information that had been gathered over more than 60 years.Of these animals，the greate

55、r mouse-eared bat generally lived an average of 37 years.The scientists said it had telomeres that did not shorten with age.Another Myotis hold the record for oldest age，reaching 41 years.The scientists' findings suggest that these bats' cells have the ability to keep and repair their telomeres.This

56、，they said，helps guard against the aging process. Based on its body size，a bat like the greater mouse-eared bat would be expected to live four years.But，these mammals have been found to live nearly 10 times longer than that.The scientists found that only 19 species of mammals live longer than human

57、s when their body size is considered.18 of these are bats.The only exception is an unusual African rat. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇研究性實驗報告。歐洲研究人員通過研究蝙蝠來了解它們長壽的原因。 1．What decides bats' aging process according to the text? A．The length of telomeres. B．The body size of the bat. C．The types of chromosomes. D．The

58、 building of cells. A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The scientists were most interested in...They say this is what causes aging.”可知，科學家們對連接到染色體末端的結構最感興趣。它們被稱為端粒，每次細胞分裂時它會縮短?？茖W家們相信這個縮短的過程會導致細胞分裂。他們說這是導致變老的原因，由此可知，端粒的長度決定了蝙蝠變老的過程。故選A。] 2．How long does a greater mouse-eared bat generally live? A．19 years.　　 B．37

59、years. C．41 years. D．60 years. B　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Of these animals，the greater mouse-eared bat generally lived an average of 37 years.”可知，在這些動物中，通常大鼠耳蝠的平均壽命為37歲。故選B。] 3．We can learn from the text that ________. A．the scientists have studied bats for more than six decades B．19 kinds of bats could

60、live longer than humans C．the bats studied in the research are of the same species D．researchers focus on finding out why humans live long A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The European researchers...had been gathered over more than 60 years.”可知，歐洲的研究人員研究了四種蝙蝠中的493只蝙蝠。該組研究人員使用了超過60年間收集的信息。故可推斷出選項A的表述是正確的。] 4．In

61、which column of a magazine can you read the text? A．Lifestyle. B．Business. C．Science. D．Fashion. C　[文章出處題。本文是對蝙蝠長壽原因的探究并且研究人員都是科學家，所以應該是在雜志中科研方面的專欄，所以選項C是正確的。] B (2019·惠州第二次調研)In many ways，Providence Mount St.Vincent in Seattle is a typical senior living community.It is home to about 400 elderl

62、y residents and provides them with different types of assistance.However，it is also the Intergenerational Learning Center—a preschool where children and seniors have the chance to bond. Established in 1991，the ILC's purpose is to allow kids to learn about acceptance while they are also being nurtur

63、ed.It also aims to help seniors develop a greater sense of self-worth and strengthen social interactions.Babies to prekindergarten-aged children are placed into six different classes at the ILC.The kids attend art and music classes，as well as story time and exercise time with the seniors.Marie Hoove

64、r，ILC director，said that interacting with the seniors has proven beneficial for the young ones，making them more open-minded. “For the ILC children，interacting with the residents is simply part of their day-to-day life here and the way aging is ‘normalized’，which may be the most important benefit th

65、ey receive，” Hoover said.“I've had parents call me years after their children have graduated from our program to let me know about some incidents when their child was the first to warmly greet someone who happened to be in a wheelchair.” As for the seniors，they're delighted by the companionship the

66、 children provide.The children bring so much energy and joy to our residents.Many of the residents are widows or widowers and can become lonely.Their adult children may still be working，so they may not get to see them as often as they would like.Having the children stay with the old makes our residents feel they are still part of a community. The young and the old connect and learn from one another at this_unique_ facility. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個為老年人和孩子所設立的學習中心：ILC。 5．ILC is intended to____