2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練題 Unit 4 Pygmalion（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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Unit 4 Pygmalion 一、閱讀理解。 Bees play a vital role in the world. Unfortunately, bees are dying by the second. The main purpose of bees is to make honey. Honey, shockingly, does not exist for human consumption; it is essential to the insects. Honeybees store honey in their hives(蜂箱) in order for the bees to have energy for their flight muscles and for heating the hives during the winter period. They collect pollen(花粉) which supplies protein for young bees to grow. According to National Honey Board, the increased production and quality of agricultural crops as a result of honeybee pollination are valued at more than $14.6 billion per year. These insects are responsible for over 70 of the fruits and vegetables we eat today, including apples, grapes, coffee, beans, and broccoli. So if they are so valuable to agriculture, why do they keep dying off? A key suspect seems to be pesticides(農(nóng)藥). Honeybees who are exposed to pesticides result in the damage to their neurological(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的) functions, specifically memory or behavior. And that’s why the majority of worker bees disappear and leave behind a queen, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees and the queen. There are several other causes of the decline of bees, including the destruction of natural habitats, like woodlands, forests, and other habitats for bees. Climate change is also a factor in the decline of the wild bee population. Actually, there are a variety of methods to help the bee population grow. One way is to start your own organic garden by planting beefriendly plants. Pesticides are used in both industrial practices and even in your home, so it is best to find organic seeds and weed killers. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。蜜蜂在生物世界里起著重要的作用，但是由于農(nóng)藥的濫用，蜜蜂正在大批死亡。本文給出了增加蜜蜂數(shù)量的方法和建議。 1．Why do honeybees store honey in their hives? A．To provide enough honey for humans to consume. B．To draw protein out of honey for young bees. C．To help attract other insects and make hives stronger. D．To strengthen bee muscles and heat hives in winter. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第三句“Honeybees store honey in their hives(蜂箱) in order for the bees to have energy for their flight muscles and for heating the hives during the winter period.”可知，蜜蜂儲(chǔ)藏蜂蜜是為了增強(qiáng)飛行肌肉的力量，在冬天為蜂箱加熱，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．Apples and beans are mentioned in the third paragraph to show that ． A．bees supply human beings with basic food B．bees mainly live on these agricultural crops C．bees are of great importance to fruits and vegetables D．bees can bring in more money for farmers every year C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“These insects are responsible for over 70 of the fruits and vegetables we eat today, including apples, grapes, coffee, beans, and broccoli.”可知，該段提及蘋果和豆類旨在說(shuō)明蜜蜂對(duì)水果和蔬菜的重要作用，故C項(xiàng)正確。 3．What is most likely to cause the worker bees to leave their hives behind? A．The lack of food. B．The abuse of pesticides. C．The fighting among bees. D．The destruction of the habitats. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Honeybees who are exposed to pesticides...And that’s why the majority of worker bees disappear”可知，農(nóng)藥的濫用導(dǎo)致了工蜂離開蜂箱，故B項(xiàng)正確。 4．What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A．Another way to save bees. B．Other tips for choosing seeds. C．More methods to plant green organic fruits. D．Causes of the decline in the wild bee population. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的第一、二句“Actually, there are a variety of methods to help the bee population grow. One way is to start your own organic garden by planting beefriendly plants.”可知，該段主要介紹了幫助蜜蜂增加數(shù)量的方法之一：種植對(duì)蜜蜂無(wú)害的植物。據(jù)此可以推斷，下文將介紹其他的幫助增加蜜蜂數(shù)量的方法，故A項(xiàng)正確。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．We had no ________ (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country. 答案：hesitation　have no hesitation in doing ... “毫不猶豫地做……”。 2．________ (classify) so many books in libraries usually takes them lots of time. 答案：Classifying　句子中缺少主語(yǔ)，且指一般性情況，故應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞classifying，在句中作主語(yǔ)。 3．Generally ________ (speak), youths of eighteen are too young for such work. 答案：speaking　generally speaking “一般來(lái)說(shuō)”。 4．What you said has led to the ________(mistake) belief that smoking is not harmful. 答案：mistaken　修飾名詞belief應(yīng)用形容詞，故填mistaken “錯(cuò)誤的”。 5．The school makes it clear that essays from online should not be passed off ________being written by the students. 答案：as　pass ... off as ... “把……看作或冒充成……”。 6．________if we invited them to e here for a party instead? 答案：What　固定句式what if “倘使/如果……將會(huì)怎樣？”。 7．Parents should teach their children to behave ________(proper) in public. 答案：properly　此處應(yīng)用副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞behave, 故填 properly。 8．They made rude ________(remark) about her appearance. 答案：remarks　make remarks/a remark about ... “對(duì)……發(fā)表評(píng)論”。 9．The information you gathered is ________ great help to me. 答案：of　“of＋抽象名詞”相當(dāng)于其對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞，of great help＝very helpful “非常有幫助”。 10．________(take) according to the instructions, the medicine has no side effect. 答案：Taken　所給動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)medicine之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。 三、完形填空。 My daughter(now 18)was born with a hemangioma tumor(血管瘤)by her eye.At first it was small, and hardly __1__.After five months，it became the __2__ of a coin.__3__ I took her out，people could not __4__ their ments to themselves.“Who hit her？”，“Is that a bug bite？” I never could think of a(n) __5__ response for these people.I was __6__ to be kind and understanding，and assumed that other people had also been taught these __7__.One day I was at the __8__，with my 3yearold son，my daughter，and at this time pregnant with my third child.A woman __9__ me，I thought here we go __10__. She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to __11__ him，as he left her with a __12__.She went on to say that __13__ with these kisses were always surrounded by angels.I was astonished.What a __14__，more loving approach to someone with a problem! My daughter will __15__ this year from High School.She is beautiful.Her early years were spent in and out of __16__.Finally the tumor was removed，because it __17__ her vision.It is not noticeable __18__ in the bright sun.She spent this year as the dance scholar for our school.She danced for 4 years on our dancedrill team.She had __19__ many scholarships.Her life is wonderful.The woman in the mall made me a better parent.Perhaps，this __20__ will help make someone else a better parent，too. 1．A.noticeable　　　　B．bearable C．recognized D．a(chǎn)ccepted 2．A.colour B．weight C．size D．width 3．A.One day B．Every time C．Later D．Recently 4．A.make B．help C．tell D．hold 5．A.exact B．a(chǎn)ppropriate C．rude D．practical 6．A.learned B．brought C．considered D．taught 7．A.qualities B．principles C．questions D．opinions 8．A.party B．office C．mall D．meeting 9．A.approached B．saw C．a(chǎn)ppreciated D．called 10．A.now B．later C．a(chǎn)gain D．quickly 11．A.understand B．leave C．hate D．remember 12．A.scar B．kiss C．mark D．sign 13．A.mothers B．gods C．faces D．babies 14．A.stranger B．cleverer C．kinder D．happier 15．A.develop B．succeed C．graduate D．improve 16．A.hospitals B．schools C．illness D．sight 17．A.blocked B．stopped C．injured D．deepened 18．A.despite B．except C．a(chǎn)lthough D．because 19．A.given B．proved C．left D．received 20．A.lesson B．story C．a(chǎn)dventure D．tumor 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。一個(gè)陌生人的暖心話語(yǔ)使作者在女兒的問(wèn)題上成為了更好的家長(zhǎng)，她希望這個(gè)故事能夠使其他的父母也成為更好的家長(zhǎng)。 1．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)前面的“At first it was small”可知，此處應(yīng)指血管瘤剛開始很小，幾乎不能被注意到。A項(xiàng)意為“明顯的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“可忍受的”；C項(xiàng)意為“公認(rèn)的，經(jīng)過(guò)驗(yàn)證的”；D項(xiàng)意為“可接受的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 2．C　考查名詞辨析。上文提到，剛開始，血管瘤很小，幾乎不能被注意到；由“After five months”可知，此處與上文形成對(duì)比，指五個(gè)月后，血管瘤長(zhǎng)到硬幣那樣大。C項(xiàng)意為“大小，尺寸”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“顏色”；B項(xiàng)意為“重量”；D項(xiàng)意為“寬度”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 3．B　考查狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指每次“我”帶她出去玩的時(shí)候；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，every time意為“每當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，符合題意，而其他三項(xiàng)無(wú)此用法。故選B項(xiàng)。 4．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指人們看到“我”的女兒總是無(wú)法停下他們的評(píng)論。D項(xiàng)意為“停下”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。 5．B　考查形容詞辨析。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“我”從沒(méi)想出一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)幕貞?yīng)給這些人。B項(xiàng)意為“適當(dāng)?shù)摹?，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“精確的”；C項(xiàng)意為“粗魯?shù)摹保籇項(xiàng)意為“實(shí)用的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 6．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“assumed that other people had also been taught these”中的“taught”可知，“我”被教導(dǎo)要善良，要體諒別人，所以“我”認(rèn)為其他人也被這樣教導(dǎo)。故選D項(xiàng)。 7．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“kind and understanding”可知，此處指他們也被教導(dǎo)這樣的品質(zhì)。A項(xiàng)意為“品質(zhì)”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“原則”；C項(xiàng)意為“問(wèn)題”；D項(xiàng)意為“觀點(diǎn)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 8．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“The woman in the mall made me a better parent.”中的“mall”可知，此處指一天懷孕的“我”帶著女兒和3歲的兒子在商場(chǎng)買東西。故選C項(xiàng)。 9．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，此處指有一個(gè)女人向“我”走來(lái)。A項(xiàng)意為“靠近”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“看見(jiàn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“欣賞，感激”；D項(xiàng)意為“給……打電話”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 10．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文人們看見(jiàn)“我”的女兒就會(huì)進(jìn)行評(píng)論可知，此處指“我”想在這里“我們”會(huì)再次遭遇同樣的經(jīng)歷。故選C項(xiàng)。 11．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指那個(gè)女人說(shuō)，上帝一定是不想讓“我”的女兒離開他。B項(xiàng)意為“離開”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“理解”；C項(xiàng)意為“憎恨”；D項(xiàng)意為“記得”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 12．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“with these kisses were always surrounded by angels”可知，此處指上帝在“我”女兒的臉上留下了一個(gè)吻。B項(xiàng)意為“吻”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“疤痕”；C項(xiàng)意為“標(biāo)記”；D項(xiàng)意為“跡象”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 13．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指有這樣吻痕的孩子會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)被天使圍繞著。故選D項(xiàng)。 14．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)“more loving”可知，此處指這與那些總是進(jìn)行評(píng)論的人相比是更友善、更有愛(ài)意的方式。C項(xiàng)意為“更友善的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“更奇怪的”；B項(xiàng)意為“更聰明的”；D項(xiàng)意為“更快樂(lè)的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 15．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)“from High School”可知，此處指“我”的女兒今年會(huì)高中畢業(yè)。C項(xiàng)意為“畢業(yè)”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)展”；B項(xiàng)意為“成功”；D項(xiàng)意為“改善”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 16．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者的女兒患有血管瘤；由此可推知，為了看病，女兒早些年一定是進(jìn)進(jìn)出出于醫(yī)院。故選A項(xiàng)。 17．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“Finally the tumor was removed”可知，最后，血管瘤被摘除了，因?yàn)樗璧K了她的視力。A項(xiàng)意為“阻礙”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“停止”；C項(xiàng)意為“傷害”；D項(xiàng)意為“加深”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 18．B　考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指現(xiàn)在，如果不是在明亮的陽(yáng)光下，她那小小的傷疤一點(diǎn)也不明顯。B項(xiàng)意為“除了”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“不管”；C項(xiàng)意為“盡管”；D項(xiàng)意為“因?yàn)椤保c語(yǔ)境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 19．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“many scholarships”可知，此處指女兒得到了許多獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。D項(xiàng)意為“收到，拿到”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“給”；B項(xiàng)意為“證明”；C項(xiàng)意為“離開”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D項(xiàng)。 20．B　考查名詞辨析?？v觀全文可知，本文作者敘述的是一個(gè)關(guān)于自己和女兒的故事。故此處表示，那個(gè)在商場(chǎng)里遇到的女人讓“我”成為一個(gè)稱職的家長(zhǎng)?；蛟S，這個(gè)故事也能夠使其他人成為更好的家長(zhǎng)。B項(xiàng)意為“故事”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“課，教訓(xùn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷”；D項(xiàng)意為“腫瘤”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 長(zhǎng)難句分析：She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to leave him, as he left her with a kiss.(第二段第一句) 分析：本句是復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作said的賓語(yǔ)；must not have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的否定推測(cè)，意為“一定不……”；as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 譯文：她說(shuō)上帝一定是舍不得讓我的女兒離開他，因?yàn)樗艚o了她一個(gè)吻。 詞匯積累：tumor n．瘤　pregnant adj.懷孕的 vision n．視力，視線　scholarship n．獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 四、單句改錯(cuò)。 1．The mistakes in your homework shouldnt be overlooking, or youll keep them forever. ____________________________________________________ 答案：overlooking→overlooked　overlook與mistakes之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 2．In term of education, I first thank all my teachers who have devoted themselves to their profession. _____________________________________________________ 答案：term→terms　in terms of “就……來(lái)說(shuō)；從……角度”。 3．Fortunate, the fire was discovered soon after it had started. _____________________________________________________ 答案：Fortunate→Fortunately　副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子，故應(yīng)將fortunate改為fortunately。 4．The September 11 attack has condemned by the entire international munity. _____________________________________________________ 答案：has后加been　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：have been＋過(guò)去分詞。9.11恐怖襲擊應(yīng)是“被譴責(zé)”，故應(yīng)在has后加been。 5．When the interview was finished, I was shown in. _____________________________________________________ 答案：in→out　show sb. in “帶某人進(jìn)來(lái)”；show sb. out“帶某人出去”。由句意可知后一短語(yǔ)符合語(yǔ)境。 五、短文改錯(cuò) Dear John， Im so pleased to receive your email.I feel exciting to know you dream being a professional football player.I am looking forward to see an international football star，John.Im surely you will succeed. As for me，teaching was my dream job.The reason for this is why I would like to share my knowledges with my students and help them solve problems.Besides，staying with students helps to keep me young.To realize my dream，I have to devote me to my study and enter an normal university. What will you do for your dream and who is your most favorite football player? Yours， Li Hua 【答案】 Dear John， Im so pleased to receive your email.I feel to know you dream being a professional football player.I am looking forward to an international football star，John.Im you will succeed. As for me，teaching my dream job.The reason for this is I would like to share my with my students and help them solve problems.Besides，staying with students helps to keep me young.To realize my dream，I have to devote to my study and enter normal university. What will you do for your dream and who is your 　favorite football player? Yours， Li Hua 第一處：考查形容詞。此處修飾主語(yǔ)“I”，指人，應(yīng)用excited。 第二處：考查固定搭配。dream of/about doing sth.意為“夢(mèng)想做某事”，為固定搭配。 第三處：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。look forward to doing sth.意為“期望做某事”，為固定用法。 第四處：考查形容詞。根據(jù)“Im”可知，動(dòng)詞be后應(yīng)接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。 第五處：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。全文用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；且主語(yǔ)為“teaching”，所以應(yīng)把was改為is。 第六處：考查名詞性從句。此處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺成分，故用連詞that。 第七處：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。knowledge是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第八處：考查代詞。devote oneself to sth.意為“致力于某事”；主語(yǔ)為“I”，所以反身代詞應(yīng)用myself。 第九處：考查冠詞。normal的讀音不以輔音音素開頭；且此處泛指進(jìn)入一所普通的大學(xué)。故用不定冠詞a。 第十處：考查形容詞的比較等級(jí)。favourite意為“最喜歡的”，無(wú)比較等級(jí)或最高級(jí)形式，所以去掉most。