220KV電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)整定計(jì)算與自動(dòng)裝置配置車一鳴

220KV電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)整定計(jì)算與自動(dòng)裝置配置車一鳴,220KV電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)整定計(jì)算與自動(dòng)裝置配置,車一鳴,kv,電網(wǎng),保護(hù),維護(hù),計(jì)算,自動(dòng)裝置,配置 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology New Challenges to Power System Planning and Operation of Smart Grid Development in China Zhang Ruihua Du Yumei Liu Yuhong Abstract The future development trend of electric power grid is smart grid which includes such features as secure and reliable efficient and economical clean and green flexible and compatible open and interactive integrated and so on The concept and characteristics of smart grid are introduced in this paper On the basis of practical national situation the development plans of smart grid in china with Chinese characteristics are proposed Smart grid development in china is bases on information technology communication technology computer technology with the high integration with infrastructure of generating transmission and distribution power system Besides smart grid development in china brings forward many new challenge and requirements for power system planning and operation in 9 key technologies as below 1 Planning and construction of strong ultra high voltage UHV power grid 2 Large scale thermal power hydropower and nuclear power bases integration of power grid 3 Large scale renewable energy sources integration of power grid 4 Distributed generation and coordinated development of the grids of various voltage ratings 5 Study on smart grid planning and developing strategy 6 Improve the controllability of the power grid based on power electronics technology 7 Superconductivity energy storage and other new technologies widely used in power system 8 Power system security monitoring fast simulation intelligent decision making and comprehensive defense technology 9 The application of emergency and restoration control technology in power system In response to the challenge this paper presents the main research contents detailed implementation plan and anticipated goals of above 9 key technologies Some measures and suggestions for power system planning and operation of smart grid development in China are given in this paper Index Terms smart grid power system planning power system operation key technologies large scale power bases information and communication technology computer technology Zhang Ruihua is with the Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Beijing 100190 China E mail ruihuazh DU Yumei is with the Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Beij ing 100190 China Liu Yuhong is with the Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy ofSciences CAS Beijing 100190 China 978 1 4244 5940 7 10 26 00 20 1 0 IEEE I INTRODUCTION WITH the increasing pressure on environmental protection energy conserving and persistence develops improves gradually required for society At the same time power market oriented development consistently and provide higher electric energy reliability and quality are required for consumer It require that the future smart grid must can to provide secure reliable clean high quality power supply is able to adapt to various of electric power generation need being able to adapt to highly become market oriented electric power exchange especially acting on selfs own being able to adapt to customer especially chooses need further improve the ample power grid assets utilization efficiency and beneficial result provide higher quality service For this purpose many countries without exception look upon smart grid as future development direction of power grid 1 4 On the basis of present situation and practical condition the development plans of smart grid in china with Chinese characteristics are proposed The imbalance in the distribution of energy resources and the development of regional economic requires the high efficient development of energy resource in western region to satisfy the electricity demand of whole country Besides the limitation of environmental capacity confines conventional coal fired thermal power in East China which requires a new model of power supply which will carry out large scale power flows and balance between regions 5 The power system condition in different areas of China is very different The condition of China s energy and electricity load distribution to determine the long distance large scale power transmission will be the direction of the development of China s power system So this determined the smart grid of China with the common characters of smart grid it with the unique characters of large sending ends large receiving ends large power transmission grid 6 9 Smart grid development in china is bases on information technology communication technology computer technology with the high integration with infrastructure of generating transmission and distribution power system 10 13 Smart grid development in china addresses many new challenge and requirements for power system planning and operation in 9 key technical aspects To response the challenge the paper presents main research contents and key technologies in the area of power system planning and operation and proposed detailed implementation procedure and anticipated goals Finally some measures and suggestions for power system planning and operation about China smart grid development are given in the paper II DEFINITION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART GRID A The Definition of Smart Grid Based on physical power grid smart grid is a new type power grid which highly integrates modern advanced information techniques communication techniques computer science and techniques with physical grids It has many advantages such as improving energy efficiency reducing the impact to environment enhancing the security and reliability of power supply and reducing the power loss of the electricity transmission network and so on The objectives of smart grid are fully satisfy customer requirements for electrical power optimize resources allocation ensure the security reliability and economic of power supply satisfy environment protection constraints guarantee power quality and adapt to power market development Smart grid can provide customer with reliable economical clean and interactive power supply and value added services B The Characteristics of Smart Grid Smart grid holds the promise that the power sector can go green by not simply reducing the use of dirty power generation methods but instead become a system that can take more aggressive measures to lower greenhouse gas emissions through efficient integration of renewable energy sources Smart grid that focus on improving demand side management for energy and promoting renewable energy could be a transformational force that redefines the way people view energy generation transmission and consumption in that such grids would encourage active engagement by the broader society not just power sector specialists Smart grid mainly has features as secure and reliable efficient and economical clean and green flexible and compatible open and interactive integrated and so on 14 15 1 Secure and Reliable The power grid is still to maintain the power supply capacity to the users rather than a large area power outage when big disturbances on the power grid faults natural disasters and extreme weather conditions or man made damage happen 2 Efficient and Economical The power grid can improve the economic benefits through technological innovation energy efficient management orderly market competition and related policies The power grid is in support of the electricity market and power transactions effectively to achieve the rational allocation of resources and reduce power losses and finally to improve the efficiency of energy 3 Clean and Green a large scale of renewable energy sources can be fed into the grid which will reduce the potential impact on the environment 2 4 Optimization The power grid can improve power supply reliability and security to meet electricity demand in digital age The optimal cost to provide qualified electricity to the community Smart grid can optimize utilization of assets reduce investment costs and operation and maintenance costs Quality of power meets industry standards and consumer needs Provide various level of power quality for the range of needs 5 Interactive interaction and real time response to the power market and consumers which improves service Mature wholesale market operations in place well integrated nationwide and integrated with reliability coordinators Retail markets flourishing where appropriate Minimize transmission congestion and constraints 6 Self healing The power grid has capabilities such as real time on line security assessment and analysis powerful control system for early warning and prevention control automatic fault diagnosis automatic fault isolation and system self recovery capability Self Healing and adaptive to correct problems before they become emergencies Predictive rather than reactive to prevent emergencies ahead rather than solve after Resilient to attack and natural disasters with rapid restoration capabilities 7 Flexible and Compatible The power grid can support correct reasonable integration of renewable energy sources and it is suitable for integration of distributed generation and micro power grid Besides it can improve and enhance the function of demand side management to achieve the efficient interaction capability with users Accommodate all generation and storage options Very large numbers of diverse distributed generation and storage devices deployed to complement the large generating plants 8 Integrated Unified platform and models are used on the power grid It can achieve a high degree of integration and information sharing of power grid and to achieve standard normative and refined management which integrates the infrastructure processes devices information and market structure so that energy can be generated distributed and consumed more efficiently and cost effectively Thereby achieving a more resilient secure and reliable energy system Integrated to merge all critical information III SMART GRID DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA A Necessities of Constructing China s Smart grid 1 Rapid growth of economy and society require to construct strong and reliable efficient and economical power grid Power grid is the important infrastructure of energy Chinese economy will remain high growth in the future China s energy and electricity demand over a longer period of time to maintain a rapid growth in the basic pattern as well as the distribution of primary energy resources uneven distribution and productivity of the basic national conditions objectively determine the need to implement long distance large scale transmission walking across the country optimization resource allocation path Therefore there is need to construct strong and reliable efficient and economical power grid 2 Global resource environment pressure require to construct resource saving and environmentally friendly power grid A smart grid is an inevitable choice for China to address issues in its power industry and develop a lower carbon economy Much of China s power is generated by dirty coal plants The government has stated that it wants to clean up its act by boosting renewable power generation to 15 percent of the total power supply by 2020 Chinese smart grid proposals call for the integration of renewable power sources including wind and solar The current power grid isn t able to efficiently integrate intermittent power generation from wind turbines or solar panels In order to optimize the energy structure improve energy efficiency and improve the climate adaptability the state has intensified the development on wind solar and other renewable energy Especially for the large scale renewable energy base in the Three North area the local demand is not large enough to consume all local electricity it s necessary to transmit the electricity through long distance grid to load center Generally due to the intermittence and fluctuation of renewable energy formulation and implementation of accurate power generation plan is impossible which challenge the request the present ability on power acceptance and optimizing resource allocation 3 Various generation options require to construct open and transparent friendly and interactive power grid With the improving of future Chinese electrification level power generation enterprises and customers will have higher requirements for service quality and principles In order to guarantee the power production and transmission power generation enterprises require power grid to provide reliable efficient and flexible power integration Electrical power customers will be able to flexibly choose power supply modes need interaction between power grid to realize high efficient economical power utilization and be capable to send distributed energy power to power grid in the right time to realize clean and efficient energy utilization 4 The development of power and relative industry require to construct power grid with leading technology and equipment Depending on technology innovation constructing unified strong smart grid is the development direction of power grid of china Many advanced technologies and advanced equipment will be applied in constructing smart grid a substantial platform can be established for the stable and secure operation of grids and improve the strength of the grids primary systems It can upgrade the manufacture technology of power equipment and control technology of power grid The development of smart grid involved technology and products in many fields of information communication power equipment manufacture intelligent 3 home electricity machine and so on It will promote not only the development of relative industry but also the technology innovation and equipment creation for intelligent building intelligent home and intelligent transportation B Basis oj Constructing China s Smart grid The basic development goal of power grid is to form a security and economical power grid Constructing smart grid firstly depend on strong physical power grid China speeding up the construction the power grid with UHV grid as backbone and subordinate grids coordinated development at all levels In the technical and institutional equipment manufacturing and project put into practice aspects has laid down solid basis for the development of smart grid 16 China pays more attention to research and project implementation many achievements in smart grid have been accomplished in China To be specific China has already research and implementation in following technical aspects Generation link In the power generation link includes distributed generation renewable energy generation generator and power system coordinate operation and energy saving oriented dispatching technology and auto generation control Transformation link In the power transformation link includes UHV AC and UHV DC transmission FACTS digital substation technology PMU based W AMS DMS state oriented maintenance and so on Distribution and supply link In the power distribution and supply link includes distribution automation system and feeder automation system custom power auto metering Automation measurement technology and electric automobile charge power station construction and so on Dispatching link In the Dispatching link much research and application have been carried out such as next generation dispatch technology supporting system four main dispatch application platforms dispatch technology of energy saving generation online early warning and coordinated security and defense technology integrated model management massive information process technology intelligent visualization dispatch defense technology for extreme disaster Information building link In the information building link includes construction of system information collection load management system automatic meter reading system and other related systems After promoting of marketing information work for many years the coverage of users with electricity collected automatically improves every year scope and effect of the system is in gradual expansion it has played an active role in the company s marketing production and safety management Many electricity companies are making themselves more digital and information wise which also contributes to smart grid construction C Development Goals oJ China s Smart grid The general development goals of China smart grid is speed up construction of a strong power grid with UHV power grid as backbone coordinated development of power grid at all voltage levels with information technology digitization automation interactive features into independent innovation the world s leading strong smart grid To achieve this goal the State Grid Corporation of China in accordance with unified planning unified standard pilot first as a whole to promote the principle of speeding up the construction by the UHV AC transmission lines and 800kV 1000kV DC transmission lines constitute a UHV backbone power grid to achieve coordinated development of the power grid at all voltage levels around the power generation transmission substations power distribution supply dispatching and other major links and information building in phases to promote the development of strong smart grid D Characteristics of China s Smart Grid Chinese smart grid framework could be different from the rest of the world This is due to the relatively primitive structure at the distribution ends the extensive development ofUHV transmission in recent years and also the unique asset ownership and management structure in China China s specific national conditions determined the smart grid of China with the common characters of smart grid besides it has own unique characters These characteristics as below 1 Large sending ends Based on intensive exploitation of large scale thermal power hydro power nuclear power and renewable energy base build a strong and smart guide constructed of UHV power networks as the backbone according to the general requirements of a reliable efficient self adjustable grid The strong and smart grid will greatly optimize the allocation of resources improve the service quality and achieve flexible integration of different sources and loads 2 Large power transmission grid The Smart Grid initially proposed in the world is to promote intelligence and automation for distribution system The shortage of electric power supply in China is still a challenge so construction for a strong national transmission networks to realize the electric power transmission from the west to the east and the mutual supply between the south and the north is still the main task In China to develop a smart transmission grid should be ranked in a priority Smart transmission grid includes both the construction of a strong UHV grid and the development of the smart dispatch and control technologies 3 Large receiving ends In China the electricity price was not opened to follow the electricity market so the room for demand side management and costumer participation is limited Therefore Smart Grid in China has a much different connotation compared with that used in west countries The smart grid with Chinese characteristics are the means and modes to realize grid asset efficient management enlarge grids capability to serve both electricity producers and electricity users make rational developing planning strategies and optimize system operation under the conditions of continuously lowering costs improving efficiency and benefits and bettering the reliability and availability of the whole power systems with UHV power grid as backbone and the coordinated development of the power grid of various 4 voltage levels and in combination of advanced information communication and control technologies and the advanced managerial philosophy 17 18 IV NEW CHALLENGES TO POWER SYSTEM PLANNING OF SMART GRID DEVELOPMENT IN CHI NA The development of smart grid in china bring forward many new challenges and requirements for power system planning in 5 key te