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編號(hào)
無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
相關(guān)資料
題目： 立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置設(shè)計(jì)
信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化專業(yè)
學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923824
學(xué)生姓名： 王 輝
指導(dǎo)教師： 唐正寧 （職稱：副教授 ）
（職稱： ）
2013年5月25日
目 錄
一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開題報(bào)告
二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文
三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計(jì)劃、進(jìn)度、檢查及落實(shí)表”
四、實(shí)習(xí)鑒定表
無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
開題報(bào)告
題目： 立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置設(shè)計(jì)
信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化 專業(yè)
學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923824
學(xué)生姓名： 王 輝
指導(dǎo)教師： 唐正寧（職稱：副教授）
（職稱： ）
2012年11月25日
課題來(lái)源
實(shí)際產(chǎn)品包裝的需要
科學(xué)依據(jù)（包括課題的科學(xué)意義；國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；應(yīng)用前景等）
21世紀(jì)以來(lái),隨著生產(chǎn)與流通日益現(xiàn)代化,產(chǎn)品包裝正以嶄新的面貌崛起，受到人們普遍重視，無(wú)論在國(guó)內(nèi)或國(guó)外，包裝工作已涉及到各行各業(yè)，面廣量大，對(duì)人民生活、國(guó)際貿(mào)易和國(guó)防建設(shè)都帶來(lái)深刻的影響，甚至在現(xiàn)代生活中出現(xiàn)了過(guò)去難以想象的新情況：未經(jīng)包裝出售的商品變得越來(lái)越少了，而且包裝上的失敗往往會(huì)使很好的產(chǎn)品得不到成功的銷售。因此可以這樣說(shuō)，在將來(lái)，如果沒有現(xiàn)代化的包裝就沒有商品的生產(chǎn)和銷售，可是如果沒有先進(jìn)的工業(yè)與科學(xué)技術(shù)的綜合發(fā)展，也不可能出現(xiàn)高水平的現(xiàn)代化包裝。
迄今，一些科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家，在食品、輕工、紡織、化工、醫(yī)藥、儀表和兵器等工業(yè)部門，已經(jīng)程度不同地形成了由原料處理、中間加工和產(chǎn)品包裝三大基本環(huán)節(jié)所組成的包裝連續(xù)化和自動(dòng)化的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程，有的還將包裝材料加工、包裝容器成型及包裝成品儲(chǔ)存系統(tǒng)
都聯(lián)系起來(lái)組成高效率的流水作業(yè)線。
大量事實(shí)表明，實(shí)現(xiàn)包裝的機(jī)械化和自動(dòng)化，尤其是實(shí)現(xiàn)具有高度靈活性(或稱柔性)的自動(dòng)包裝線，不僅體現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展方向，同時(shí)也可以獲得巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
研究?jī)?nèi)容
設(shè)計(jì)一種立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置，原理方案的功能實(shí)現(xiàn)，總體方案的設(shè)計(jì)，結(jié)構(gòu)形式，結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，工作參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)。要求如下：
1. 閱讀外文資料，翻譯與所學(xué)專業(yè)或課題相關(guān)的外文文獻(xiàn)3000字左右，語(yǔ)句通順、流暢、準(zhǔn)確；
2．了解立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置的工作原理
3．根據(jù)加工產(chǎn)品具體結(jié)構(gòu)和加工要求，擬定分析設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)方案
4．繪制 部分零件圖，裝配圖，各零件的精度配合
5. 用UG對(duì)部分零件進(jìn)行造型
6. 撰寫論文，要求符合本科論文的格式要求，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔、流暢、層次分明。上機(jī)時(shí)數(shù)不少于200小時(shí)，整個(gè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程的技術(shù)工作要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、靈活、工作要有主動(dòng)性，計(jì)算方法、計(jì)算的程序、計(jì)算結(jié)果、結(jié)論要正確。
擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線、實(shí)驗(yàn)方案及可行性分析
立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置主要有鏈輪，熱封滾輪，螺栓，螺桿，滑環(huán)等組成。熱封時(shí)，熱封頭與連續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)著的袋筒必須具有相同的速度，否則封口部位就能發(fā)生起皺或拉長(zhǎng)等現(xiàn)象，當(dāng)袋長(zhǎng)規(guī)格變化時(shí)尤其注意這一點(diǎn)，因此采用回轉(zhuǎn)型的熱封頭，由于半徑固定不變，往往采用不等速運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)帶動(dòng)，以便適當(dāng)調(diào)節(jié)其封口速度滿足熱封要求。
立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置上使用的是一種連續(xù)縱封器機(jī)構(gòu)，每一個(gè)縱封輥上裝有熱封頭，由電熱絲加熱并自動(dòng)進(jìn)行恒溫控制。熱封所需的壓力可借助兩側(cè)的壓縮彈簧加以適當(dāng)調(diào)節(jié)。
可行性分析：
通過(guò)各主要部分系統(tǒng)的確定，主要問(wèn)題可以解決。細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題也可以方便的處理，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，此方案的可行性沒有問(wèn)題。
研究計(jì)劃及預(yù)期成果
研究計(jì)劃：
2012年11月12日-2012年12月25日：按照任務(wù)書要求查閱論文相關(guān)參考資料，填寫畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開題報(bào)告書。
2013年1月11日-2013年3月5日：填寫畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)報(bào)告。
2013年3月8日-2013年3月14日：按照要求修改畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開題報(bào)告。
2013年3月15日-2013年3月21日：學(xué)習(xí)并翻譯一篇與畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的英文材料。
2013年3月22日-2013年4月11日：立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置總體方案設(shè)計(jì)。
2013年4月12日-2013年4月25日：圖紙的繪制。
2013年4月26日-2013年5月21日：畢業(yè)論文撰寫和修改工作。
預(yù)期成果：
明確立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置預(yù)期達(dá)到的性能指標(biāo)。
總體方案的設(shè)計(jì)，可行性的分析。
立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置的初步設(shè)計(jì)，總體結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)，各零件的材料選擇以及各部件的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。
強(qiáng)度計(jì)算，分析驗(yàn)證,優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。
完成二維圖和三維圖的繪制。
完成設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書。
特色或創(chuàng)新之處
本立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單，加工方便，生產(chǎn)效率高且安全性高。本立式袋裝機(jī)縱封裝置的特色在于能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作，并且使用壽命比一般的機(jī)器要長(zhǎng)，工作穩(wěn)定。
已具備的條件和尚需解決的問(wèn)題
① 實(shí)驗(yàn)方案思路已經(jīng)非常明確，已經(jīng)具備使用MATLAB編程仿真的能力和圖像處理方面的知識(shí)。
② 使用MATLAB編程的能力尚需加強(qiáng)。
指導(dǎo)教師意見
指導(dǎo)教師簽名：
年 月 日
教研室（學(xué)科組、研究所）意見
教研室主任簽名：
年 月 日
系意見
主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名：
年 月 日
Numerical control technology and equipping development trend and countermeasure
Numerical control technology is the technology controlled to mechanical movement and working course with digital information, integrated products of electro mechanics that the numerical control equipment is the new technology represented by numerical control technology forms to the manufacture industry of the tradition and infiltration of the new developing manufacturing industry, namely the so-called digitization is equipped, its technological range covers a lot of fields: (1)Mechanical manufacturing technology; (2)Information processing , processing , transmission technology; (3)Automatic control technology; (4)Servo drive technology; (5)Technology of the sensor ; (6)Software engineering ,etc..
Development trend of a numerical control technology
The application of numerical control technology has not only brought the revolutionary change to manufacturing industry of the tradition, make the manufacturing industry become the industrialized symbol , and with the constant development of numerical control technology and enlargement of the application, the development of some important trades (IT , automobile , light industry , medical treatment ,etc. ) to the national economy and the people's livelihood of his plays a more and more important role, because the digitization that these trades needed to equip has already been the main trend of modern development. Numerical control technology in the world at present and equipping the development trend to see, there is the following several respect [1- ] in its main research focus .
1.A high-speed , high finish machining technology and new trend equipped
The efficiency , quality are sub-manufacturing technology. High-speed , high finish machining technology can raise the efficiency greatly , improve the quality and grade of the products, shorten production cycle and improve the market competitive power. Japan carries the technological research association first to classify it as one of the 5 great modern manufacturing technologies for this, learn (CIRP ) to confirm it as the centre in the 21st century and study one of the directions in international production engineering.
In the field of car industry, produce one second when beat such as production of 300,000 / vehicle per year, and many variety process it is car that equip key problem that must be solved one of; In the fields of aviation and aerospace industry, spare parts of its processing are mostly the thin wall and thin muscle, rigidity is very bad, the material is aluminium or aluminium alloy, only in a situation that cut the speed and cut strength very small high, could process these muscles , walls . Adopt large-scale whole aluminium alloy method that blank " pay empty " make the wing recently, such large-scale parts as the fuselage ,etc. come to substitute a lot of parts to assemble through numerous rivet , screw and other connection way, make the intensity , rigidity and dependability of the component improved. All these, to processing and equiping the demand which has proposed high-speed , high precise and high flexibility.
According to EMO2001 exhibition situation, high-speed machining center is it give speed can reach 80m/min is even high , air transport competent speed can up to 100m/min to be about to enter. A lot of automobile factories in the world at present, including Shanghai General Motors Corporation of our country, have already adopted and substituted and made the lathe up with the production line part that the high-speed machining center makes up . HyperMach lathe of U.S.A. CINCINNATI Company enters to nearly biggest 60m/min of speed, it is 100m/min to be fast, the acceleration reaches 2g, the rotational speed of the main shaft has already reached 60 000r/min. Processing a thin wall of plane parts, spend 30min only, and same part general at a high speed milling machine process and take 3h, the ordinary milling machine is being processed to need 8h; The speed and acceleration of main shaft of dual main shaft lathes of Germany DMG Company are up to 12* separately! 000r/mm and 1g.
In machining accuracy, the past 10 years, ordinary progression accuse of machining accuracy of lathe bring 5|ìm up to from 10|ìm already, accurate grades of machining center from 3- 5|ìm, rise to 1- 1.5|ìm, and ultraprecision machining accuracy is it enter nanometer grade to begin already (0.01|ìm).
In dependability, MTBF value of the foreign numerical control device has already reached above 6 000h, MTBF value of the servo system reaches above 30000h, demonstrate very high dependability .
In order to realize high-speed , high finish machining, if the part of function related to it is electric main shaft , straight line electrical machinery get fast development, the application is expanded further.
1.2 Link and process and compound to process the fast development of the lathe in 5 axes
Adopt 5 axles to link the processing of the three-dimensional curved surface part, can cut with the best geometry form of the cutter , not only highly polished, but also efficiency improves by a large margin . It is generally acknowledged , the efficiency of an 5 axle gear beds can equal 2 3 axle gear beds , is it wait for to use the cubic nitrogen boron the milling cutter of ultra hard material is milled and pared at a high speed while quenching the hard steel part, 5 axles link and process 3 constant axles to link and process and give play to higher benefit. Because such reasons as complicated that 5 axles link the numerical control system , host computer structure that but go over, it is several times higher that its price links the numerical control lathe than 3 axles , in addition the technological degree of difficulty of programming is relatively great, have restricted the development of 5 axle gear beds.
At present because of electric appearance of main shaft, is it realize 5 axle complex main shaft hair structure processed to link greatly simplify to make, it makes degree of difficulty and reducing by a large margin of the cost, the price disparity of the numerical control system shrinks . So promoted 5 axle gear beds of head 無(wú)效 of complex main shaft and compound to process the development of the lathe (process the lathe including 5 ).
At EMO2001 exhibition, new Japanese 5 of worker machine process lathe adopt complex main shaft hair, can realize the processing of 4 vertical planes and processing of the wanton angle , make 5 times process and 5 axles are processed and can be realized on the same lathe, can also realize the inclined plane and pour the processing of the hole of awls . Germany DMG Company exhibits the DMUVoution series machining center, but put and insert and put processing and 5 axles 5 times to link and process in once, can be controlled by CNC system or CAD/CAM is controlled directly or indirectly.
1.3 Become the main trend of systematic development of contemporary numerical control intelligently , openly , networkedlily
The numerical control equipment in the 21st century will be sure the intelligent system, the intelligent content includes all respects in the numerical control system: It is intelligent in order to pursue the efficiency of processing and process quality, control such as the self-adaptation of the processing course, the craft parameter is produced automatically; Join the convenient one in order to improve the performance of urging and use intelligently, if feedforward control , adaptive operation , electrical machinery of parameter , discern load select models , since exactly makes etc. automatically automatically; The ones that simplified programming , simplified operating aspect are intelligent, for instance intelligent automatic programming , intelligent man-machine interface ,etc.; There are content of intelligence diagnose , intelligent monitoring , diagnosis convenient to be systematic and maintaining ,etc..
Produce the existing problem for the industrialization of solving the traditional numerical control system sealing and numerical control application software. A lot of countries carry on research to the open numerical control system at present, such as NGC of U.S.A. (The Next Generation Work-Station/Machine Control), OSACA of European Community (Open System Architecture for Control within Automation Systems), OSEC (Open System Environment for Controller ) of Japan, ONC (Open Numerical Control System ) of China ,etc.. The numerical control system melts to become the future way of the numerical control system open. The so-called open numerical control system is the development of the numerical control system can be on unified operation platform, face the lathe producer and end user, through changing, increasing or cutting out the structure target(numerical control function), form the seriation, and can use users specially conveniently and the technical know-how is integrated in the control system, realize the open numerical control system of different variety , different grade fast, form leading brand products with distinct distinction. System structure norm of the open numerical control system at present, communication norm , disposing norm , operation platform , numerical control systematic function storehouse and numerical control systematic function software developing 包含ument ,etc. are the core of present research.
The networked numerical control equipment is a new light spot of the fair of the internationally famous lathe in the past two years. Meeting production line , manufacture system , demand for the information integration of manufacturing company networkedly greatly of numerical control equipment, realize new manufacture mode such as quick make , fictitious enterprise , basic Entrance that the whole world make too. Some domestic and international famous numerical control lathes and systematic manufacturing companies of numerical control have all introduced relevant new concepts and proto無(wú)效s of a machine in the past two years, if in EMO2001 exhibition, " CyberProduction Center " that the company exhibits of mountain rugged campstool gram in Japan (Mazak ) (intellectual central production control unit, abbreviated as CPC); The lathe company of Japanese big Wei (Okuma ) exhibits " IT plaza " (the information technology square , is abbreviated as IT square ); Open Manufacturing Environment that the company exhibits of German Siemens (Siemens ) (open the manufacturing environment, abbreviated as OME),etc., have reflected numerical control machine tooling to the development trend of networked direction.
2 pairs of basic estimations of technology and industry development of numerical control of our country
The technology of numerical control of our country started in 1958, the development course in the past 50 years can roughly be divided into 3 stages: The first stage is from 1958 to 1979, namely closed developing stage. In this stages, because technology of foreign countries blockade and basic restriction of terms of our country, the development of numerical control technology is comparatively slow. During " Sixth Five-Year Plan Period " , " the Seventh Five-Year Plan Period " of the country in second stage and earlier stage in " the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period ", namely introduce technology, digest and assimilate, the stage of establishing the system of production domesticization arisesing tentatively. At this stage , because of reform and opening-up and national attention , and study the improvement of the development environment and international environment, research , development and all making considerable progress in production domesticization of the products of the technology of numerical control of our country. The third stage is and during the " Ninth Five-Year Plan Period " on the later stage in " the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period " of the country, namely implement the research of industrialization, enter market competition stage. At this stage , made substantive progress in industrialization of the domestic numerical control equipment of our country. In latter stage for " the Ninth Five-Year Plan ", the domestic occupation rate of market of the domestic numerical control lathe is up to 50%, it is up to 10% too to mix the domestic numerical control system (popular ).
Make a general survey of the development course in the past 50 years of technology of numerical control of our country, especially through tackling key problems of 4 Five-Year Plans, all in all has made following achievements.
a.Have establish the foundation of the technical development of numerical control, has mastered modern numerical control technology basically. Our country has already, the numerical control host computer , basic technology of special plane and fittings grasped and driven from the numerical control system and servoly basically now, among them most technology have already possessed and commercialized the foundation developed , some technology has already, industrialization commercialized.
b.Have formed the industrial base of numerical control tentatively. In tackling key problems the foundation that the achievement and some technology commercialize , set up the systematic factories of numerical control with production capacity in batches such as numerical control in Central China , numerical control of the spaceflight etc.. Electrical machinery plant of Lanzhou, such factory and the first machine tool plant of Beijing , the first machine tool plant of Jinan ,etc. several numerical control host computer factories of a batch of servo systems and servo electrical machineries as the numerical control in Central China,etc.. These factories have formed the numerical control industrial base of our country basically.
c.Have set up a numerical control research, development , managerial talent's basic team .
Though has made considerable progress in research and development and industrialization of numerical control technology, but we will realize soberly, the research and development of the technology of advanced numerical control of our country, especially there is greater disparity in current situation and current demand of our country of engineering level in industrialization. Though very fast from watching the development of our country vertically, have disparity horizontally more than (compare foreign countries with ) not merely engineering level, there is disparity too in development speed in some aspects, namely the engineering level disparity between some high-grade , precision and advanced numerical control equipment has the tendency to expand . Watch from world , estimate roughly as follows about the engineering level of numerical control of our country and industrialization level.
a.On the engineering level, in probably backward 10- 1 years with the advanced level in foreign countries, it is bigger in high-quality precision and sophisticated technology.
b.On the industrialization level, the occupation rate of market is low, the variety coverage rate is little, have not formed the large-scale production yet; The specialized level of production of function part and ability of forming a complete set are relatively low; Appearance quality is relatively poor; Dependability is not high, the commercialized degree is insufficient; One's own brand effect that the domestic numerical control system has not been set up yet, users have insufficient confidence.
c.On the ability of sustainable development, research and development of numerical control technology , project ability are relatively weak to the competition; It is not strong that the technological application of numerical control expands dynamics; Research , formulation that relevant standards are normal lag behind.
It is analysed that the main reason for having above-mentioned disparity has the following several respect.
a.Realize the respect. Know to industry's process arduousness , complexity and long-term characteristic of domestic numerical control insufficiently; It is difficult to underestimate to add strangling , system ,etc. to the unstandard , foreign blockade of the market; It is not enough to analyse to the technological application level and ability of numerical control of our country.
b.System. Pay close attention to numerical control industrialization many in the issue , consider numerical control industrialization little in the issue synthetically in terms of the systematic one , industry chain in terms of technology; Have not set up related system , perfect training , service network of intact high quality ,etc. and supported the system.
c.Mechanism. It causes the brain drain, restraining technology and technological route from innovating again , products innovation that the bad machine is made, and has restricted the effective implementation of planning , has often planned the ideal , implement the difficulty.
d.Technology. The