“飛碟”無(wú)人機(jī)-飛碟無(wú)人機(jī)

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1、“飛碟”無(wú)人機(jī):飛碟無(wú)人機(jī) 　　日前，英國(guó)的GFS項(xiàng)目企業(yè)向英國(guó)防部演示了其依據(jù)附壁作用設(shè)計(jì)的無(wú)人機(jī)。 　　它包含直徑米、重千克的GFS-6a和更小的GFS-7無(wú)人機(jī)。演示是在彼德伯勒市的室內(nèi)飛行區(qū)進(jìn)行的。這種電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的垂直起降無(wú)人機(jī)盤(pán)旋并機(jī)動(dòng)飛行了大約3分鐘，這是該機(jī)現(xiàn)在的續(xù)航水平。 　　盡管續(xù)航時(shí)間短，但該無(wú)人機(jī)攜帶的載荷重量現(xiàn)在已達(dá)成了千克。前氣墊飛行器工程師杰弗?哈頓說(shuō)：“我們估計(jì)無(wú)人機(jī)采取改善型涵道風(fēng)扇設(shè)計(jì)后，性能將顯著提升?！? 　　該無(wú)人機(jī)能在指定點(diǎn)垂直起飛、全控飛行、盤(pán)旋和著陸。因?yàn)槔酶奖谧饔卯a(chǎn)生升力，因此它的下洗氣流很小，氣動(dòng)性很穩(wěn)定。哈頓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的試驗(yàn)小組已經(jīng)發(fā)覺(jué)，

2、除了涵道風(fēng)扇的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)之外，艙蓋上的定子位置對(duì)穩(wěn)定性和升力至關(guān)主要。 　　霍爾格?巴賓斯基博士是一名航空學(xué)高級(jí)講師，她對(duì)該飛行器能夠穩(wěn)定飛行充滿(mǎn)信心，她強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)，實(shí)際情況比預(yù)期還要好?；裟犴f爾企業(yè)和美國(guó)國(guó)防部在阿拉巴馬州亨茨維爾市的戰(zhàn)術(shù)無(wú)人機(jī)辦公室也期望加入項(xiàng)目合作。 　　該無(wú)人機(jī)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域很廣泛，其中包含戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)和城區(qū)監(jiān)視、智能指示目標(biāo)、災(zāi)區(qū)偵察、通信中繼和干擾、傳感器布撤、探雷、大氣質(zhì)量取樣、監(jiān)聽(tīng)和搜救。該無(wú)人機(jī)在城區(qū)環(huán)境中最為有用，它能夠盤(pán)旋、飛近建筑物和飛入建筑物內(nèi)，實(shí)施近距監(jiān)視和搜集情報(bào)。因?yàn)樾D(zhuǎn)部件沒(méi)有暴露在外面，無(wú)人機(jī)和墻壁等發(fā)生碰撞摩擦不會(huì)危及其飛行安全。 　　[注]附壁作用：

3、 　　又稱(chēng)康達(dá)效應(yīng)[Coanda-effect)，它是以羅馬尼亞創(chuàng)造家亨利?康達(dá)為名的。簡(jiǎn)單的表示就是水流或氣流離開(kāi)原來(lái)的流動(dòng)方向，改為伴隨凸出的物體流動(dòng)的傾向。在日常生活中，當(dāng)我們把小湯匙凸面放在水龍頭下的小水流邊時(shí)，水流會(huì)被吸引，流到湯匙的背上，而爭(zhēng)水流一直在湯匙上的凸出表面流動(dòng)就是附壁作用的結(jié)果。附壁作用是大部分飛機(jī)機(jī)翼的關(guān)鍵運(yùn)作原理。 　　UK―based Geoff"s Flying Saueer Projects has demonstrated its coanda-effect unmanned air vehicle to the Ministry of Defense

4、　　The ―diameter,5．45kg GFS-6a and smaller-7 prototypes were demonstrated at an indoor flying area in battery-powered vertical take-off and landing vehicles hovered and maneuvered for about 3min． which is their current endurance. 　　“We expect substantial improvements With improved fan design,”says

5、inventor and former hovercraft engineer Geoff Hatton．Despite the short endurance，a payload has been carried so far . 　　The UAV is capable of vertical take off,fully controlled flight，hovering and landing on a specified point By using the Coanda principle to create lift，it has very little downwash

6、and is aerodynamically stable As well as fan geometry，Hatton’s team has found that the location of stators on the canopy is important to stability and lift． 　　Dr Holger Babinsky， a reader in aeronautics，was confident the vehicle would be stable， but says it was better than expected． Honeywell and t

7、he US Department of Defense’s Huntsville，Alabama tactical UAV office have visited GFS ． 　　Numerous applications have been identified．including battlefield ＆ urban surveillance，intelligent targeting，dlsaster area reconnaissance．communications relay and jammling，sensor distribution，land mine detectio

8、n，air quality sampling，listenIng and search ＆ rescue. The UAV will be most useful in urban environments．where its ability to hover and fly close to and within buildings will enable close quarter surveillance and intelligence no exposed rotating parts，brushes with walls etc，do not compromise the craft’s night 　　xx／祝翠