英語(yǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)大綱.doc

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期末考試復(fù)習(xí)提綱（專升本） 聽力原文及答案： Unit 1 2. Directions: Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with the missing information. Hello, I am a freshman at Brown University and I have a two-bedroom apartment to share with you If you are a male, non-smoker; clean and responsible, you could be the one I am looking for. The apartment is on the 6th floor of an apartment building, with an elevator and laundry in the basement. It is located on Bright Road, a 10-minute walk to the south entrance of the university. The apartment is medium sized and furnished; equipped with private bedroom, closet, telephone, air conditioning，balcony, cable /satellite, high speed Internet; microwave, parking, and yard. The rent is $300 per month, heating and utilities are not included. If you are interested, please call 401-863-6363 Unit 2 2. Directions: Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with the missing information (Page 34) Holiday Blues Holiday blues can affect both men and women, young and old. Factors leading to holiday blues include increased 1) stress and tiredness, unrealistic expectations, too much commercialization, and the inability to be with ones family. The increased demands of shopping, parties, 2) family reunions, and house guests may also contribute to tension and sadness during the holidays. Common stress 3) reactions during the holidays include headaches, excessive drinking, 4) over-eating or not eating enough, and difficulty sleeping. To help 5) prevent holiday blues, follow these tips from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention: * Establish 6) realistic goals and expectations for the holiday season, and do not label the holiday season as a time to cure all past problems. The holidays do not prevent sadness or loneliness. * 7)1imit your drinking. * Do not feel obliged to feel festive. Accept your inner experience and do not force yourself to express specific feelings. If you have recently 8) experienced a tragedy, death, or romantic break up, tell people about your needs. To 9) relieve holiday stress, know your spending limit and stick to it. Enjoy holiday activities that are free, such as driving around to look at holiday decorations. Go 10) window-shopping without buying anything. Unit 5 1. Directions: Listen to the conversations and choose the best answer to each question you hear. (Page 120) 1）M: The book will be due on November 12. If you cannot finish reading it by then, youd better come to renew it. W: Thanks for reminding me, sir. Ill still need it for a few more days. Q: Where is this conversation most probably taking place? A) In the library. B) In the bank. C) In the clinic. D) In the accounting office. 2) W: Excuse me, sir. I am looking for the emergency room. I was told it was on the first floor. M: It is. Go ahead along the corridor and turn left. Q: Where-is this conversation most probably taking place? A) In the hospital. B) At a police station. C) In the cinema D) At a department store. 3) M: Hello, this is Doctor White. May I speak to Mr. Brown? W: Im sorry, Doctor White. Mr. Brown went to buy some dictionaries. Q: Where is Mr. Broun probably ? A) In the library. B) At a bookstore C) In the classroom. D) In the clinic: 4) W: Could you please explain the assignment for tomorrow, sir? M: OK. Write a 2-page composition and prepare for a dictation next week. Q: Where- is the conversation most probably taking place? . A) In the classroom B)At a bank C) In the theater D)In the hotel 5) M: Can I help you? W: Would you please lake this bag to room 528? Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place? A) I the restaurant. B) In the railway station. C) In the hotel. D) In the bookstore 6) M: Has George returned from Europe yet? W: Yes, but he had only been here for three days before his company sent him to Canada. Q: Where is George now? A) In Europe B) Here. C) In Canada. D) In California 7) W: Look at that big field of cotton... and theres a farm with some beautiful houses. M: You really get to know the country. when you go by train, dont you? Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place? A) In a cotton field. B) At a railway station. C) On a farm. D) On a train 8) M: Where did you say you found this bag? W: It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment building. Q: Where did the-woman find the bag? A) In the park. B) Between two buildings. C) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree. 9) W: Are these treatments really necessary? They dont seem to help very much. M: Im afraid so, Madam. Just be patient and Im sure-youll see some results soon. Q: Where is this conversation most probably taking place? A) In a doctors office. B) In a professors office. C) In a lawyers office. D) In a businessmans office. 10) W: We have several accounts, Mr. Brown. The best interest rate is for the customer club account, but you must maintain a monthly balance of $1,000. M: That will be fine. Q: Where is this conversation most probably taking place? A) At a bookstore. B) At a bank. C) At a club. D) At a grocery store. 3. Directions:　Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with the missing information British School Starts Etiquette Lessons A private British school is starting required etiquette classes for 13- to 14-yearolds to improve their manners in a world of 1) ill-mannered informality, it was reported on Wednesday. Brighton College on the southern English coast will train pupils on how to iron a shirt properly, 2) dance the waltz, when to 3) take off a jacket or go to the toilet, when to avoid 4) talking at the dinner table and other finer points of etiquette. Headmaster Richard Cairns decided it was time his pupils were taught a few lessons 5) in good manners after learning that employers were 6) shocked by the numbers of undergraduates who were not equipped for the business world. "In the past, they 7) would have learned all of this at home," a spokesman for the fee-paying independent school said. Each Thursday, pupils will be invited to dine at Cairns house, 8) where they will be taught how to deal with food they do not like, how to use knives and forks and 9) how to talk to fellow guests among other tips. "Each student will receive 10) a formal invitation to which he will have to respond in a written formal manner and not by e-mail, text message or phone," the spokesman said. Unit 6 1. Directions: Listen to the conversations and choose the best answer to each question you hear, 1) M: Can you type all these letters? I must have them before 5 this afternoon. W: Well, I may have typed them all by then. Q: What does the woman say? 1) A) She will finish typing the letters. B) She will not finish the letters. C) She thought it was impossible. D) She will probably finish the typing by then. 2) M: Would you like to try on that shirt, Madam? W: Thank you, but I dont think the color suits me. Q: What will the woman do next? A) Try on the skirt. B) Try on the shirt.C) Continue looking. D) Buy the skirt. 3) W: How Tom ever got the job with so many others applying is something I dont understand. M: It must have been beginners luck. Q: Why is the woman puzzled? 3) A) Tom applied for a job. B) Tom succeeded in getting the job. C) Tom wanted other jobs. D) Tom was so unlucky. 4) W: This is really a surprise! Bill got 90 on his English test. M: Impossible! Q: What do we know about Bill? 4) A) Bill is a good student. B) Bill always gets high grades. C) Bill was expected to get a high score in the exam. D) Bill often does not get good grades. 5) M: Excuse me, Madam. Your husband is on the phone. W: I cant possibly talk to him now; tell him my hair is being dried. Q: What is the woman probably doing? A) She-is washing her hair. B) She is having her hair dyed. C) She is having her hair dried. D) She is having her hair cut. 2.Directions: Listen to the second part of the passage and fill in the blanks with the missing information. World Environment Day （II ） San Francisco is holding 1) public to discuss pollution reduction, 2) clean energy sources and the importance of healthy parks and gardens. Special experts are 3) among the speakers. For example, former vice-president A1 Gore will talk about 4) climate change. There are also fun events, such as music concerts, movies, art shows, parades, bicycle rides and 5) tree plantings. Local farmers and restaurant owners will serve food that has been 6) naturally grown. The Mayor of San Francisco, Gavin Newsom, invited 7) city leaders from all over the world to attend this conference and 8) share ideas. Representatives from many environmental organizations also are attending. The United Nations hopes to create 9) an international agreement that countries and citizens will follow to help 10) improve the Earths environment. 閱讀理解材料答案及譯文僅供參考 Friends of Friends 朋友的朋友 Back in 1967, social psychologist Stanley Milgram had an idea.時(shí)間追溯到1967年，社會(huì)心理學(xué)家斯坦利﹒米爾格倫有了這樣一個(gè)想法。Everybody knows at least a few other people, 每個(gè)人至少都認(rèn)識(shí)幾個(gè)人。he reasoned, and those people know another people. 于是，他推論道，其他人也認(rèn)識(shí)另外一些人。Therefore, just going through the people you know, you should be able to contact any person on earth.因此，通過(guò)你所認(rèn)識(shí)的人，你就能夠聯(lián)系上地球上的任何人。 Milgram conducted experiments by sending letters to random acquaintances, asking them to pass the letter on through their friends to an unknown person. 斯坦利﹒米爾格倫做過(guò)一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，通過(guò)寫信隨機(jī)給他所認(rèn)識(shí)的人，要求他們通過(guò)他們自己的朋友而把信件傳遞出去給陌生人。His experiments, confirmed later with e-mail tests, showed that were all connected by no more than "six degrees of separation".他的這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)后來(lái)經(jīng)電子郵件檢測(cè)并被證實(shí)：僅僅通過(guò)“六度分離理論”所有的人都是相聯(lián)系的。That is, you can reach any person in the world through a chain of six people. 也就是說(shuō)，經(jīng)過(guò)六層人際關(guān)系紐帶你可以聯(lián)系任何人。 It might be comforting to know that your friends friends friends friends friend knows Bill Gates or Jennifer Lopez通過(guò)你朋友的朋友的朋友的朋友, 你可以認(rèn)識(shí)比爾﹒蓋茨或詹尼佛﹒洛佩慈這樣的名人。but its not really that useful. 但事實(shí)上并不那樣有用。Tracing the chain is time-consuming and inconvenient.梳理這條紐帶既費(fèi)時(shí)，又麻煩。 But thats changing now, thanks to the development of online databases.但是由于有了網(wǎng)上在線數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，現(xiàn)在情況變了。 While many people use their PCs to keep track of their contacts and address books， new services like Friendster and Spoke combine these address books together. 許多人用自己的家用電腦保存了自己的聯(lián)系人和通信錄象交友對(duì)話與通訊錄相結(jié)合的新的服務(wù)。This way youre not only in touch with your own-friends, but with their friends and their friends friends.這樣你不但能夠和你的朋友聯(lián)系，你還可以與朋友的朋友的朋友聯(lián)系。 Looking for someone who works in marketing at Sony Music in Tokyo？你想找東京索尼 音樂(lè)部門搞銷售的某個(gè)人嗎？Going to Paris for the weekend and looking for someone to have dinner with? 到巴黎度周末并找某個(gè)人共進(jìn)晚餐嗎？Just check the Friendster files — theres sure to be a friend of a friend of a friend in there.就在交友文檔中尋找，你肯定會(huì)找到你朋友的朋友的朋友。 So whats the catch? 那么，問(wèn)題在于什么呢？ If you want to use Friendster or similar services, 如果你想使用“交友” 或類似的服務(wù)， you need to build a profile including your real name, where you work, your job, where you went to school and who your friends are. 你得先建立一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的文檔，其中包括你的真實(shí)姓名，工作單位，你曾就讀過(guò)的學(xué)校，你的朋友是誰(shuí)。 This lack of anonymity might seem likely to scare users off, 這種非匿名文件可能會(huì)把一些使用者嚇跑。but apparently people are hungry for contact with real people: 但是很明顯，許多人都渴望與真名真姓的人聯(lián)系。in less than nine months, Friendster has already signed up over four million users.在短短不到九個(gè)月的時(shí)間里，“交友”上就會(huì)有四百多萬(wàn)用戶簽名加入。 1） The experiments conducted by Stanley Milgram are intended to_______________. 斯坦利﹒米爾格倫所進(jìn)行的這個(gè)試驗(yàn)的目的在于_______________. A)show the law of "six degrees of separation" B) test his reasoning C) reach any person in the world D) ask his friends to pass the letter on 2) The first sentence in the fifth paragraph can be replaced by“_____________” 第五段第一句可以用以下哪句話來(lái)替代？ A) So whats the problem? B) So what gets your attention? C) So whats the discovery? D) So what can you take? 3) The passage mainly discusses_____________. 這篇文章主要討論的是__________. A) the theory of "six degrees of separation" B) he results caused by Stanley Milgrams experiments C) the way to trace a chain of six people D) online services like Friendster 4) According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? 根據(jù)文章的敘述，下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確的？ A) E-mail tests by Stanley Milgram revealed that we are able to reach any person. B) Through a chain of six people, you can know Bill Gates. C) Online databases enable people to keep track of their address books. D) The lack of anonymity drives people to contact real people. 5）The passage most probably is__________. 這篇文章的體裁最有可能是__________. A) an official document B) a research report C) a news report D) an advertisement Organize Yourself 安排自己的時(shí)間 Many new students find it hard to do all the studying that has to be done; 許多新生覺(jué)得他們很難于對(duì)付他們必須學(xué)的所有的課程。they find themselves putting off required reading,他們對(duì)于必須的閱讀課程束手無(wú)策。 jumping from one subject to another and rarely being quite certain what they are trying to do during a particular study session.常常一會(huì)兒從一個(gè)題目跳到另一個(gè)題目，一會(huì)兒讀這里一會(huì)兒又讀那里。在某個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)階段到底讀什么很少有個(gè)準(zhǔn)。 The best way to overcome these difficulties and to start studying efficiently is to plan your time and organize your work.要克服這個(gè)難點(diǎn)，達(dá)到有效學(xué)習(xí)最好的辦法是：計(jì)劃好你的時(shí)間，安排好你要學(xué)的課程。 When to study（什么時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)） Let us assume that you have 15 hours per week of classes (lectures and tutorials)假設(shè)你每周你的上課時(shí)間15個(gè)課時(shí)。（講座，輔導(dǎo)在內(nèi)） and that you decide to allow yourself a 40-hour working week (a reasonable figure, leaving you 70 waking hours for other activities). 你每周40小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)（每周除了睡覺(jué)外你還有70小時(shí)從事其他的活動(dòng)，所以這個(gè)數(shù)字是合理的）。You now have to decide how to allocate and occupy the remaining 25 hours of private study time.現(xiàn)在你搞定如何分配和利用你剩下的25小時(shí)的自學(xué)的時(shí)間。 Naturally the decisions you make will vary from week to week according to what essays have to be written and what reading has to be done. 自然的，根據(jù)要寫某篇論文、要讀某些東西，這個(gè)安排，每周會(huì)有不同。Many people find it helpful to draw up each week a seven-day timetable showing the occasions on which they will be working independently and the particular subjects that they will be studying on each occasion.列出一個(gè)每周的時(shí)間表并表示出本周內(nèi)要獨(dú)立做的事情，每周將學(xué)的某些學(xué)科的每個(gè)時(shí)間段，許多人感到這是非常有用的。 By checking such a plan at times during the week, you can see what work you have done and what you still have to do; the whole enterprise then becomes manageable. 在一周里隨時(shí)對(duì)照時(shí)間表，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你已經(jīng)做了什么，你仍然得做什么；這樣整個(gè)進(jìn)程就可以掌控了。 Where to study 在什么地方學(xué)習(xí) There are a number of places where you can study — college library, public library, lodgings, home, vacant classrooms, on a bus or train — and each has several obvious advantages and disadvantages.有許多可供學(xué)習(xí)的地方— 學(xué)校的圖書館，公共圖書館，宿舍，家里，空教室，公共汽車，火車上，---- 當(dāng)然，每個(gè)地方都有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)。The college library is least busy in the evenings, on Wednesday afternoons, and all day Friday and Sunday.學(xué)校圖書館在晚上，星期三下午，星期五和星期天全天最安靜 When you are deciding where to study, keep the following suggestions in mind: 你在選定學(xué)習(xí)地點(diǎn)時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住下面的建議： * Always try to study in the same places. After a while the familiar surroundings will help you to switch into the right frame of mind as soon as you sit down.盡量堅(jiān)持在同一個(gè)地方學(xué)習(xí)，因?yàn)楹芸炷闼煜きh(huán)境有利于你一坐下就能進(jìn)入良好的心態(tài)。 * Find somewhere with as few distractions as possible. 要找一個(gè)盡量不會(huì)使你分心的地方。 * Make sure that your study place has good light and is warm (but not too warm）and well-ventilated.務(wù)必要有一光線好，暖和（但不要太暖和）且通風(fēng)的地方。 1） We know from the first paragraph that_________________. 我們可以從第一自然段中得知_________________. A) it is often really difficult for new students to study efficiently. B) new students are willing to plan their time and organize their work. C) new students are sure how to arrange their time. D) new students are allowed to put off one required subject. 2) New students might have___________ . 新生將會(huì)有_________________. A) 15 hours per week of classes. B) 25 hours of working time. C) 70 hours for entertainment. D) 40 hours per week of classes. 2） Why does the author say "the whole enterprise becomes more manageable”？ 為什么作者說(shuō)“這樣整個(gè)進(jìn)程就可以掌控了”？ A) Because new students have enough time to arrange their activities. B) Because fewer courses are required for new students. C) Because new students know what they need to do if they draw up a seven-day timetable each week. D) Because new students have done all the assignments required by the school. 4) Which time is least suitable for students studying in the college library? 以下哪個(gè)時(shí)間段最不適宜在大學(xué)圖書館學(xué)習(xí)？___________ . A) Tuesday evenings. B) Monday mornings. C) Sunday evenings. D) Wednesday afternoons. 5) Concerning where to study, which of the following is NOT mentioned? 根據(jù)上文中提到的“在什么地方學(xué)習(xí)”，下列哪一個(gè)建議是作者沒(méi)有提到的？ A) A place that is warm. B) A place students are familiar with. C) A place with background music. D) A well-lighted place. Valentine’s Day情人節(jié) February 14th is a complicated but interesting holiday. 二月十四日是個(gè)復(fù)雜而又有趣的日子。First of all, Valentines Day is not a holiday from work . 首先，情人節(jié)是一個(gè)不放假的節(jié)日。 No one gets a day off. 在這天誰(shuí)也不休假。On Valentines Day people usually send romantic cards to someone they love or want to be loved by.在情人節(jié)，人們通常都要向他們所愛(ài)的某個(gè)人，或向要從其得到愛(ài)的某個(gè)人送上非常浪漫的賀卡。 The cards are called "valentines".這賀卡被稱為“情人節(jié)賀卡” They are very colorful, often decorated with hearts, flowers or birds, and have humorous or loving words printed inside. 情人節(jié)賀卡非常漂亮，四邊常常都飾有心形、花，以及小鳥圖案，里面印有幽默、溫馨示愛(ài)的話語(yǔ)。The basic message is always "Be My Valentine", "Be My Sweet Heart" or "Lover".這些話語(yǔ)基本上是“做我的情人”“我的甜心” “愛(ài)人”等。 A valentine may be anonymous (匿名的) and is sometimes signed, "Guess who".送卡人可能是匿名的。有時(shí)署名是“猜猜我是誰(shuí)” The person receiving it has to guess who sent it.收到賀卡的人就會(huì)去猜“這是誰(shuí)送的呀？” This can lead to interesting speculation (揣測(cè)). 這樣就會(huì)引起很多有趣的猜測(cè)。And thats half the fun of valentines.情人節(jié)有一半的趣味就在于此。 The loving message might be carried by a heart-shaped box of chocolate candies, 情人節(jié)賀卡也許會(huì)裝在有巧克力糖的心形盒子里。or by a bunch of flowers tied with red ribbon.或者放在一束花里，這花得用紅色的緞帶捆著。But in whatever form, the message is the same "Will you be my valentine?" 而無(wú)論用哪種方式。它們所表達(dá)的信息只有一個(gè)“愿做我的情人嗎？” One of the symbols of St. Valentines Day is the Roman god of Love; called Cupid.情人節(jié)的象征之一是羅馬愛(ài)神—丘比特。 Cupid is often pictured on the card, as a winged infant not wearing any clothes, ready to shoot his arrow into a heart.丘比特常常被畫在情人節(jié)賀卡上。 在賀卡上他被畫成一個(gè)裸體的小嬰兒，長(zhǎng)有一對(duì)翅膀。He would shoot an arrow of love into a persons heart to make the person fall in love immediately, 時(shí)時(shí)把愛(ài)情之箭射向一個(gè)人的心上使他、她即刻墜入愛(ài)河 maybe with the first person to come along. 若是倆人來(lái)，興許射中的是第一個(gè)。Sometimes one arrow would go through two hearts, holding them together.有時(shí)一箭射穿兩顆心，這樣就成全這倆為一對(duì)。 On February 14th not only do we have pictures of the non-Christian Cupid, the Roman god of Love but we also have pictures of the Christian St. Valentine. 在二月十四日這天，我們不僅要有非基督的丘比特羅馬愛(ài)神的畫，我們還要有圣瓦侖丁的畫。 It is from the Christians that we get the stories about Valentines Day that most people have come to believe. 我們是從基督教傳說(shuō)中得到了許多有關(guān)情人節(jié)的故事。并且現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人都相信這些故事。One story is about a Christian man whose name sounded something like "Valentine".其中一個(gè)故事是關(guān)于一位基督神父，他的名字的發(fā)音有點(diǎn)象“Valentine” 瓦侖丁. He lived around 250 A.D. 他生活在公元250年。At that time the Roman Emperor Claudius refused to allow any Roman soldiers to get married for any reason whatsoever.那時(shí)羅馬國(guó)王克勞迪烏斯無(wú)論怎樣都不準(zhǔn)該國(guó)的士兵結(jié)婚。Christian couples came to Valentine to be married so Valentine would marry them in a Christian way. 基督情侶們就到瓦侖丁那里舉行婚禮。所以他就按照基督教的儀式為人們舉辦婚禮。He was discovered and put in prison by the Emperor. 后來(lái)他的行為被發(fā)現(xiàn)了，因而被投進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。One tradition says that he wrote notes to his friends by marking on leaves and then throwing them out the window of his prison. 一種傳統(tǒng)的說(shuō)法是：他將文字寫在樹葉上從牢房的窗戶扔出去傳給他的朋友。The leaves were shaped like a heart.而樹葉的形狀就象一顆心。 (379 words) 1) Judging from the context, what happens on February 14th? ___________ . 從文章中我們可以判斷出，2月14日這天通常會(huì)有什么事情發(fā)生？___________ . A) People get a day off. B) People usually send romantic cards. C) People make new friends by sending cards. D) People visit their relatives. 2) According to the text, what is half the fun of Valentines Day? ___________ . 根據(jù)文章的敘述，情人節(jié)的一半樂(lè)趣就在于？___________ . A) Receiving the Valentines card. B) Guessing who sends the Valentines card to you. C) Having a wonderful dinner. D) Spending time with your lover. 3）What do the lovi