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1、單項填空單項填空一一 1. Dr. Peter Spence, _ headmaster of the school, told us, “_ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”(2011四川卷) A. 不填; A B. 不填; The C. the; The D. a; A A第一個空headmaster“校長”,屬于職位頭銜前面不加冠詞;第二個空為分數(shù)的表達,1/5應表達為“a fifth”。句意:校長Peter Spence博士告訴我們這里1/5的學生會繼續(xù)到牛津和劍橋去學習。思路點撥思路點撥 2.
2、In communication, a smile is usually _ strong sign of a friendly and _ open attitude.(2011重慶卷) A. the; / B. a; an C. a; / D. the; an C句意為“在交際中,一個微笑通常意味著一種友好和開朗的態(tài)度?!彼悸伏c撥思路點撥 冠詞雖然是個小品詞,但在實際運用中是不可缺少的一部分,在高考試卷中,始終是一個考查熱點和難點??忌鷤淇伎梢詮娜缦聨讉€方面入手:【考點1】考查定冠詞、不定冠詞與零冠詞的最基本的用法Take your time its just _ short distan
3、ce from here to _ restaurant.(2011山東卷)A不填; the B. a; theC. the; a D不填;a B句意:慢慢來,從這兒到餐館只有一小段距離。distance 表一段距離用a, 如固定搭配 from a distance of, 第二個空the restaurant 是說話雙方都知道的事物,表特指。 Experts think that _ recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso. (2011浙江卷) A. the; 不填 B. a; the C. a; 不填 D. the; a D本題考點為冠詞
4、,每年必考一題,常為區(qū)分某名詞是特指還是泛指。根據(jù)句意“專家們認為這幅最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的畫作可能是一幅畢加索的作品?!笨芍耙豢諔撌潜硎咎刂傅亩ü谠~the;后一空用不定冠詞a加上畢加索的名字(該單詞學生在不認識的情況下,可以觀察到其開頭字母大寫,應該是人名或地名類的專有名詞,再由全句判斷得出詞義),表示其眾多作品之一,泛指。 不定冠詞泛指某一類人或物中的任意一個,定冠詞表特指或說話雙方都知道的事物,零冠詞用于表示一般概念的抽象名詞和物質名詞前。 A grammar book is necessary to a language learner. I forgot the name of the pe
5、rson who talked to me yesterday. It takes great imagination as well as patience to teach in a school for the blind.【考點2】考查冠詞后的名詞跟有限定性定語時冠詞的選擇As is known to all, _ Peoples Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world.(2011陜西卷) A. the; 不填 B. 不填; the C. the; the D. 不填; 不填 C考查專有名詞。中華人民
6、共和國以及形容詞最高級前都應加定冠詞the。 當名詞后有過去分詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞短語、介詞短語及定語從句作定語時,其前一般要加定冠詞the; 而moon, sky, world等表示世界上獨一無二的事物被形容詞修飾時前面要加不定冠詞。 When can we enjoy a new moon? a cloudless sky【考點3】考查冠詞與序數(shù)詞,形容詞比較級或最高級搭配時的選擇Of the two brothers, Bill is _ younger one, and he is a quiet boy, _ that most adults like very much. A. a;
7、one B. a; the one C. the; one D. the; the one Cof the two brothers, 是兩者的范圍,故用the younger one; one a boy,是a quiet boy 的同位語,進一步解釋說明他的特點。 不定冠詞用在形容詞比較級前,表示“一個更加的事物”;用在序數(shù)詞前表示“另一個,又一個”。定冠詞用在形容詞比較級前表示“兩者中更加的那個”,用在序數(shù)詞前表示“第幾個”;用在形容詞最高級前表示“最的人或物”。 When you finish reading the book, you will have a better under
8、standing of life. Would you like a second cup of tea? the elder of the two【考點4】考查固定搭配I smoke out of _ habit, not for _ pleasure; for I have been in the habit for 20 years. A. a; the B. the; a C. 不填;the D不填;不填 D考查固定詞組中冠詞的用法。out of habit 出于習慣;for pleasure for fun 為了得到快樂。 不定冠詞常與動作名詞連用構成固定搭配;定冠詞常與表示方位,娛
9、樂,交通工具等的名詞連用,構成固定搭配,一些慣用成語中常使用零冠詞。 have a swim/walk/talk/dance/look 去游泳/散步/談話/跳舞/看一看 play the piano/violin/guitar 彈鋼琴/拉小提琴/彈吉他 take the bus/train/plane 乘公共汽車/火車/飛機 go to the cinema/concert 去看電影/聽音樂會in the east/west/distance/right 在東面/西面/遠處/右面at table 在吃飯on purpose 故意的by letter/mail/telephone/land/se
10、a 通過書信/郵件/電話/陸路/海路【考點5】冠詞位置 1不定冠詞位置:不定冠詞位置:不定冠詞常位于名詞或名詞修飾語前。 (1) 位于such, what, many, half等形容詞之后。I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job. (2)當名詞前的形容詞被副詞as, so, too, how, however, enough修飾時,不定冠詞應放在形容詞之后。It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. so short a time too long a di
11、stance (3) quite, rather與單數(shù)名詞連用,冠詞放在其后。但當rather, quite, too前仍有形容詞,不定冠詞放其前后均可,如:rather a cold day/a rather cold day。(4) 在as, though 引導的讓步狀語從句中,當表語為形容詞修飾的名詞時,不定冠詞放形容詞后。Brave a man though he is, he trembles at the sight of snakes. 【考點5】冠詞位置 2定冠詞位置:定冠詞位置:定冠詞通常位于名詞或名詞修飾語前,但放在all, both, double, half, twice, three times等詞之后,名詞之前。All the students in the class went out.