高中英語復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Sharing課件 新人教選修7

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1、單單詞詞名詞名詞指人：指人：interpreter, astronaut, tailorairmail, fortnight, roof, weed, textbook, concept, rectangle, grill, platform, broom, comb, privilege, paperwork, arrangement, angle, tin, catalogue, anniversary, tractor, ox, trunk, seed, distribution, security, clinic, jar動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞adjust, sniff, participate,

2、sew, toast, click, donate, purchase, distribute, operate形容形容詞詞muddy, weekly, relevant, remote, rectangular, voluntary, political連詞連詞 otherwise短短語語詞匯詞匯表表hear from, (be) dying to, the other day, dry out, dry up, in need課文課文中中be made of, adapt to, come across, to be honest, get through, for sure, 句式句式1

3、. It was a privilege to do sth.2. It takes sb. some time to do sth.語法語法復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語從句復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語從句1. _ v. 調(diào)整調(diào)整; (使使)適合適合2. _ adj. 有關(guān)的有關(guān)的; 切題的切題的3. _ vi. 參加參加; 參與參與4. _ conj. 否則否則; 不然不然 adv. 用別的方法用別的方法; 其他方面其他方面5. _ vt. 捐贈(zèng)捐贈(zèng)6._ adj. 自愿的自愿的; 志愿的志愿的; 無償?shù)臒o償?shù)?._ vt. & n. 買買; 購(gòu)買購(gòu)買adjustrelevantparticipateotherwise

4、donatevoluntarypurchase( (一一) )基本單詞基本單詞8. _ vt. 分配分配; 分發(fā)分發(fā)9. _ v. 工作工作; 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn); 操作操作10. _ adj. & adv. 每周的每周的11. fortnight n. _12. airmail n. _13. remote adj. _14. interpreter n. _15. privilege n. _distributeoperateweekly兩星期兩星期航空郵件航空郵件遙遠(yuǎn)的遙遠(yuǎn)的; 偏僻的偏僻的作口譯的人作口譯的人特權(quán)特權(quán); 特別優(yōu)待特別優(yōu)待16. paperwork n. _17. arrangem

5、ent n. _18. anniversary n. _19. security n. _20. clinic n. _門診部門診部; 小診所小診所文書工作文書工作安排安排; 排列排列周年紀(jì)念日周年紀(jì)念日安全安全; 保護(hù)保護(hù); 保障保障1. _ n. 安排安排; 排列排列 _ v. 安排安排; 改編改編; 整理整理 _ n. 安排者安排者, 籌備者籌備者2. _ vt. 捐贈(zèng)捐贈(zèng) _ n. 捐贈(zèng)捐贈(zèng)(物物) _ n. 捐贈(zèng)者捐贈(zèng)者arrangearrangerarrangementdonationdonatordonate( (二二) )派生單詞派生單詞3. _ vt. 分發(fā)分發(fā); 分配分配

6、_ n. 分發(fā)分發(fā); 分配分配; 分布狀態(tài)分布狀態(tài) _ adj. 分布的分布的, 個(gè)別的個(gè)別的 _ n. 分發(fā)者分發(fā)者, 批發(fā)商批發(fā)商4. _ v. 參加參加; 參與參與 _ n. 參加者參加者 _ n. 參加參加distributordistributiondistributivedistribute participantparticipationparticipate5. _ adj. 自愿的自愿的; 志愿的志愿的; 無償?shù)臒o償?shù)?_ n. & v. 志愿者志愿者; 自愿提供自愿提供 _ adv. 自愿地自愿地, 主動(dòng)地主動(dòng)地 volunteervoluntarilyvoluntary1

7、. 接到接到的信的信 _2. 對(duì)對(duì)有影響、起作用有影響、起作用 _3. 極想極想; 渴望渴望 _4. (指河流、井等指河流、井等)干涸干涸 _5. 偶然遇到偶然遇到; 碰見碰見 _6. 調(diào)整調(diào)整, 使適合使適合 _7. 與與有關(guān)系有關(guān)系/密切相關(guān)密切相關(guān) _hear frommake a differencebe dying todry upcome acrossadjust (oneself) tobe relevant to( (三三) )短語短語8. dry out _9. in need _11. the other day _12. to be honest _13. have th

8、e privilege to do sth. _14. operate on sb. _15. stick out _(使浸水之物使浸水之物)完全變干完全變干; 干透干透在困難中在困難中; 在危急中在危急中伸出伸出; 突出突出不久前的一天不久前的一天老實(shí)說老實(shí)說有特權(quán)干某事有特權(quán)干某事給某人做手術(shù)給某人做手術(shù)1. relevant adj. 有關(guān)的有關(guān)的; 切題的切題的 Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages

9、 after Year 8 anyway. （課文原句）（課文原句） 有時(shí)候我真想知道，化學(xué)對(duì)這些孩子究竟有時(shí)候我真想知道，化學(xué)對(duì)這些孩子究竟有多大的用處。他們中的大多數(shù)人學(xué)完八有多大的用處。他們中的大多數(shù)人學(xué)完八年級(jí)以后就要回到他們的村莊去了。年級(jí)以后就要回到他們的村莊去了。( (一一) )單詞單詞【歸納【歸納】 be relevant to 與與有關(guān)有關(guān); 與與而論有實(shí)際價(jià)值而論有實(shí)際價(jià)值 have no relevance to 與與無關(guān)無關(guān)【拓展【拓展】 relevance n. 關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)聯(lián); 相關(guān)性相關(guān)性I dont think what he said is _ to the top

10、icwe are discussing. He has missed the point. (2015, 湖北湖北)A. faithful B. parallel C. relevant D. similar 【解析【解析】 我認(rèn)為他所說的和我們今天討論的我認(rèn)為他所說的和我們今天討論的話題無關(guān)。他沒有抓住要點(diǎn)。話題無關(guān)。他沒有抓住要點(diǎn)。A項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“忠實(shí)的，忠實(shí)的，忠誠(chéng)的忠誠(chéng)的”；B項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“與與平行平行”；C項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“和和相關(guān)相關(guān)”；D項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“和和相似相似”； be relevant to “和和相關(guān)相關(guān)”。2. adjust vi. & vt. 校準(zhǔn)校準(zhǔn), 調(diào)整調(diào)整; (使使)適合適合, 適應(yīng)適應(yīng), 習(xí)慣

11、習(xí)慣 The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. （課文原句）（課文原句） 小屋內(nèi)很黑，因此眼睛要過好一陣才小屋內(nèi)很黑，因此眼睛要過好一陣才能適應(yīng)過來。能適應(yīng)過來?！練w納【歸納】 adjust sth. (to sth.) 調(diào)整調(diào)整(以適應(yīng)以適應(yīng)/適合適合) adjust to sth. / doing sth. 適應(yīng)適應(yīng)/習(xí)慣習(xí)慣(做做)某事某事 adjust oneself to . 使某人自己適應(yīng)使某人自己適應(yīng) 【拓展【拓展】 adjustable adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的可調(diào)節(jié)的, 可調(diào)整的可調(diào)整的 adju

12、stment n. 調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)節(jié), 調(diào)整調(diào)整【聯(lián)想【聯(lián)想】 adapt (使使)適應(yīng)適應(yīng), 與與adjust是同義詞。是同義詞。 用所給詞的正確形式填空。用所給詞的正確形式填空。Some schools will have to make _ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015, 江蘇江蘇)有些學(xué)校將不得不做出一些調(diào)整來和國(guó)有些學(xué)校將不得不做出一些調(diào)整來和國(guó)家足球改革保持一致。家足球改革保持一致。adjustments3. participate vi. 參與參與; 參加參加 I loved listening t

13、o the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate in the conversation. （課文原句）（課文原句） 我很喜歡聽他們談話，盡管我不能加入我很喜歡聽他們談話，盡管我不能加入他們的談話。他們的談話?！練w納【歸納】 participate 為不及物動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞, 意為意為“參與參與, 參參 加加”, 常與介詞常與介詞 in 連用。連用。 participate in sth. 參與參與(某活動(dòng)某活動(dòng)) participate in sth

14、. with sb. 同某人參與某事同某人參與某事【拓展【拓展】 participation n. 參加參加, 參與參與 participant n. 參與者參與者; 參加者參加者【辨析【辨析】participate, attend, join & take part inparticipate 指以一個(gè)積極的角色在感情、觀指以一個(gè)積極的角色在感情、觀念或行為方面與他人共同參加某一活動(dòng)。念或行為方面與他人共同參加某一活動(dòng)。attend 側(cè)重參加或出席會(huì)議或?qū)W術(shù)活動(dòng)等側(cè)重參加或出席會(huì)議或?qū)W術(shù)活動(dòng)等, 去聽、去看去聽、去看, 但自己并不一定起積極作用。但自己并不一定起積極作用。join 加入黨派、

15、團(tuán)體或參加一群人的活動(dòng)、加入黨派、團(tuán)體或參加一群人的活動(dòng)、游戲等。游戲等。take part in 參加某一活動(dòng)并在其中發(fā)揮作參加某一活動(dòng)并在其中發(fā)揮作用。用。4. otherwise adv. 用別的方法用別的方法; 其他方面其他方面 conj. 否則否則; 不然不然 Otherwise they dont waste anything. （課文原句）（課文原句） 否則的話，他們是不會(huì)浪費(fèi)任何東西的。否則的話，他們是不會(huì)浪費(fèi)任何東西的?！居梅ā居梅ā?otherwise 作連詞時(shí)作連詞時(shí), 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于or, 可位于句可位于句 首、句中或句末。多用于首、句中或句末。多用于“祈使句祈使句 +

16、otherwise + 陳述句陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu); 另外另外, otherwise 后的從句常用虛擬語氣。后的從句常用虛擬語氣。otherwise 它常構(gòu)成短語它常構(gòu)成短語 or otherwise, 意意為為“或其它情況或其它情況, 或相反或相反”。 5. purchase vt. 購(gòu)買購(gòu)買 n. 購(gòu)買購(gòu)買; 購(gòu)買的東西購(gòu)買的東西 When you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person. （課文原句）（課文原句） 你選購(gòu)一項(xiàng)禮物時(shí)，我們都會(huì)給你提供

17、你選購(gòu)一項(xiàng)禮物時(shí)，我們都會(huì)給你提供一張精美的卡片，讓你送給你的某個(gè)特一張精美的卡片，讓你送給你的某個(gè)特殊的人。殊的人?！颈嫖觥颈嫖觥?purchase & buy purchase 較正式用語較正式用語; 多指多指“大型的、大型的、批批 量的商業(yè)采購(gòu)、或房產(chǎn)、不動(dòng)產(chǎn)等購(gòu)量的商業(yè)采購(gòu)、或房產(chǎn)、不動(dòng)產(chǎn)等購(gòu)置活動(dòng)置活動(dòng)”。 buy 表示表示“購(gòu)買購(gòu)買”的最常用語言的最常用語言, 可指買可指買各種日用品、消費(fèi)品各種日用品、消費(fèi)品; 還可以指用金錢雇還可以指用金錢雇傭、行賄等較抽象的傭、行賄等較抽象的“購(gòu)買購(gòu)買”。6. operate vi. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn), 運(yùn)行運(yùn)行; 發(fā)生影響發(fā)生影響, 起作用起作用;

18、動(dòng)手術(shù)動(dòng)手術(shù) vt. 操作操作; 控制控制; 經(jīng)營(yíng)經(jīng)營(yíng), 管理管理 This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages. （課文原句）（課文原句） 這一禮物用于支付貧窮和偏遠(yuǎn)村莊的社這一禮物用于支付貧窮和偏遠(yuǎn)村莊的社區(qū)小學(xué)的練習(xí)冊(cè)及教科書區(qū)小學(xué)的練習(xí)冊(cè)及教科書 。【歸納【歸納】 operate on sb. (for some disease) 給某人做手術(shù)給某人做手術(shù)(治療某種疾病治療某種疾

19、病) come into operation 生效生效【拓展【拓展】 operation n. 手術(shù)手術(shù), 操作操作, 經(jīng)營(yíng)經(jīng)營(yíng) operator n. 操作人員操作人員, 接線員接線員1. hear from sb. 接到接到的來信的來信; 收到收到的消息的消息 It was wonderful to hear from you. （課文原句）（課文原句） 收到你的信真是太高興了。收到你的信真是太高興了。( (二二) )短語短語【用法【用法】 hear from 后只可接人后只可接人, 不可接某人的不可接某人的 信。收到某人的信可用信。收到某人的信可用 get / receive a let

20、ter from sb.。 【拓展【拓展】 hear sb. out 聽某人說完聽某人說完 hear about sb. / sth. 聽到關(guān)于某人聽到關(guān)于某人/事物的消息事物的消息 hear of sb. / sth. 聽到或知道某人聽到或知道某人/事物的情況事物的情況【辨析【辨析】 hear from & receive hear from 和和 receive 都可表示都可表示“收到某收到某人的信人的信”。hear from 不是指具體接到信件不是指具體接到信件, 而是指而是指得到音信、信息得到音信、信息; receive 往往指收到具體的信件。往往指收到具體的信件。2. be dyin

21、g to (do) 極想極想, 渴望渴望(做做) I know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. （課文原句）（課文原句） 我知道你急于了解我在這兒的生活情況。我知道你急于了解我在這兒的生活情況。【用法【用法】 (be) dying to 后接動(dòng)詞原形后接動(dòng)詞原形, 意為意為“迫切迫切想想 要做某事要做某事, 渴望去做某事渴望去做某事”。此外。此外, be dying for st

22、h. 意為意為“渴望得到某物渴望得到某物”。【同義短語【同義短語】 long / be eager / be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事渴望做某事 long / be eager / be anxious for sth. 渴望得到某物渴望得到某物【拓展【拓展】 由動(dòng)詞由動(dòng)詞 die 構(gòu)成的短語：構(gòu)成的短語： die away 逐漸消失逐漸消失 die down 逐漸減弱逐漸減弱 die off 相繼去世相繼去世 die out 完全滅絕完全滅絕 die for 渴望渴望3. the other day 不久以前不久以前, 前幾天前幾天 The other day I w

23、as showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere! （課文原句）（課文原句） 有一天，我正給孩子們做每周一次的化學(xué)有一天，我正給孩子們做每周一次的化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的演示，我還沒有明白怎么回事，混實(shí)驗(yàn)的演示，我還沒有明白怎么回事，混合劑就到處冒氣泡了。合劑就到處冒氣泡了。【拓展【拓展】 some other day = another day 改天改天 some day or other 總有一天總有一天, 遲早遲早= s

24、ome days ago 4. in need 在需要中在需要中; 在困難中在困難中; 在危急中在危急中 Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the worlds poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need. （課文原句）（課文原句） 從這份清單中選擇一份確實(shí)有用的禮物，從這份清單中選擇一份確實(shí)有用的禮物，送給世界上最窮苦的人吧！給急需幫助的送給世界上最窮苦的人吧！給急需幫助的社區(qū)帶去改善未來的希望吧！社區(qū)帶去改善未來的希望

25、吧！【用法【用法】 in need 介詞介詞 in 表示表示“處于處于之中之中”。 如要表示如要表示“需要什么需要什么”, 則用則用 in need of。 【諺語【諺語】 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患難朋友才是真正的朋友?；茧y朋友才是真正的朋友?！就卣埂就卣埂?in trouble 處在麻煩中處在麻煩中 in difficulty 處在困難中處在困難中 in danger 處在危險(xiǎn)中處在危險(xiǎn)中 in good health 身體狀況好身體狀況好 in order 有秩序有秩序 in a hurry 匆匆忙忙匆匆忙忙1. To be honest

26、, I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at all. (P29)句型：句型：to be honest 說實(shí)在的說實(shí)在的說明：說明：在句子中作獨(dú)立狀語在句子中作獨(dú)立狀語, 常位于句首常位于句首; 相同用法相同用法的有的有 To be fair / frank / brief / exact; 此類短此類短語也可用另一種形式表達(dá)語也可用另一種形式表達(dá) Honestly / Fairly / Frankly / Exactly speaking。( (三三) )句式句式【分析【分析】 本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。本句是

27、一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。 how引導(dǎo)的從句作引導(dǎo)的從句作wonder的賓語。的賓語。 在賓語從句中在賓語從句中, most of whom . anyway 是是“名詞名詞/代詞代詞 + 介詞介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo) 的定語從句的定語從句, 補(bǔ)充說明先行詞補(bǔ)充說明先行詞students。2. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. (P29)3. It was s

28、uch a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family. (P30)句型：句型：It was a privilege to do sth.做某事是件榮幸做某事是件榮幸/難得的事難得的事4. The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere! (P29)【分析【分析】 when 表示突然發(fā)生某事表示突然發(fā)生某事, ?？勺g為常可譯

29、為“正在正在突然突然”。 before 在此表示在此表示“還沒來得及還沒來得及 就就”, 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 the other day 意為意為“前幾天前幾天”, 常和過常和過去時(shí)態(tài)連用。去時(shí)態(tài)連用。I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空填空。1. When it rains the ground becomes very _ (mud).2. As a waitress, in addition to her _ (week) wage, Jane gets a lot of tips.3. Protective clothing must be worn

30、 when the machine is in _ (operate).operationmuddyweekly4. We had a(n) _ (arrange) that he would clean the house and I would cook.5. Charities appealed for _ (donate) of food and clothing for victims of the hurricane.6. The appointment was given to Wellington, mainly for _ (politics) reasons.7. Most

31、 children need the _ (secure) of a stable family life.securityarrangement donationspoliticalII. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1. Police want to hear _ anyone who has any information about the attack.2. The organization distributed food and blankets _ the earthquake victims.3. Its important that children l

32、earn to understand the concept _ sharing.4. What experience do you have that is relevant _ this position?to from to/among of5. It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust _ the darkness.6. This brilliant young violinist has appeared _ concert platforms all round the world.7. She never participates

33、_ any of our discussions, does she?8. In summer, water the plants regularly and never let the soil dry _.outtoonin 9. Taking too much water for household use is drying _ the river.10. Mary has the privilege _ meeting the queen.11. His hair was sticking up _ all angles.12. We just hope that the money

34、 goes to those who are most _ need.inupof at 限制性定語從句限制性定語從句考點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句考點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句【考例【考例】1. Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year. (2014，重慶，重慶) A. which B. where C. when D. what 【點(diǎn)撥【點(diǎn)撥】 選選A。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞sales targets，且在從句中作賓語，故選，

35、且在從句中作賓語，故選which。 2. Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position. (2014年，年，陜西陜西) A. that B. which C. as D. what 【點(diǎn)撥【點(diǎn)撥】 選選A。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞 information，且在從句中作賓語，又因先行詞，且在從句中作賓語，又因先行詞 information被被all修飾，故選修飾，故選that。3. A company _ profits from home

36、 markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. (2014，山東，山東) A. which B. whose C. who D. why 【點(diǎn)撥【點(diǎn)撥】 選選B。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句, 修飾先行詞修飾先行詞 company, 且在從句中作且在從句中作profits的定語的定語, 故故 選選whose。考點(diǎn)二：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句考點(diǎn)二：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句【考例【考例】1. I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book

37、 and know my feelings for her. (2014，湖南，湖南) A. as B. why C. when D. where 【點(diǎn)撥【點(diǎn)撥】 選選C。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句, 修飾先行詞修飾先行詞 day, 且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語, 故選故選when。2. Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth. (2014，福建，福建) A. who B. when C. which D. where

38、 【點(diǎn)撥【點(diǎn)撥】 選選D。 設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞community activities，且在從句中表抽象，且在從句中表抽象的地點(diǎn)，故選的地點(diǎn)，故選where。考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)三: “介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句 【考例【考例】1. Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered. (2012，湖，湖南南) A. what B. in what C. which D. in which

39、【點(diǎn)撥【點(diǎn)撥】 選選D。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句, 修飾先行詞修飾先行詞process, 且且 在從句中作狀語在從句中作狀語, 故選故選in which, which 指代指代the process。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞補(bǔ)全下面短文。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞補(bǔ)全下面短文。 Taitung is a small city in southeastern Taiwan 1. _ I grew up. My family moved there from Taipei the summer 2. _ I was born. The house in 3. _ I grew up is on a mai

40、n street in Taitung. My father sold tea, and my mother had a foodwhichwhere when stand in our front courtyard 4. _ she sold omelets (煎蛋餅煎蛋餅) early in the morning. A customer with 5. _ I chatted every day had a son my age. We were best friends. A cousin 6. _ family I visited every summer lived with u

41、s. He was an apprentice (學(xué)徒學(xué)徒) to 7. _ my father was teaching the tea business. Onwhomwherewhomwhose the first floor of our house we had a huge kitchen, 8. _ we all gathered for dinner. The bedrooms were upstairs. My two brothers slept in one bedroom. I slept in another with my older sister. My youn

42、ger sister shared a bedroom with another cousin 9. _ my family had adopted. that/who/whomwhere選擇填空。選擇填空。1. He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of_ were published in the 1990s. (2015，重慶，重慶) A. whom B. which C. them D. that 【解析【解析】他寫了許多兒童書籍，幾乎一半在他寫了許多兒童書籍，幾乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行詞是年左右出版。先行詞是books，定語從句

43、，定語從句中中of缺少賓語。缺少賓語。2. Creating an atmosphere _ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. (2015，浙江，浙江)A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which【解析【解析】當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，且該介詞當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，且該介詞不是和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定短語時(shí)，介不是和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定短語時(shí)，介詞可以提前，出現(xiàn)詞可以提前，出現(xiàn)“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”。先行。先行詞指物，用詞指物，用“介詞介詞+which”，指人用，指人用“介詞介詞+whom”

44、， 且兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞均不能省略。且兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞均不能省略。3. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work. (2015，天津，天津) A. where B. which C. when D. who 【解析【解析】公司老板正盡力創(chuàng)造一種輕松的氣公司老板正盡力創(chuàng)造一種輕松的氣氛，在這種氣氛中，其員工喜歡他們的工作。氛，在這種氣氛中，其員工喜歡他們的工作。句中先行詞為句中先行詞為atmosphere，在從句中作地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞狀語

45、，故用關(guān)系副詞where。 4. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent. (2015，陜西，陜西) A. which B. where C. whom D. when 【解析【解析】作為家里最小的孩子，作為家里最小的孩子，Alex總是渴總是渴望他能夠有獨(dú)立的時(shí)間。這里使用定語從句，望他能夠有獨(dú)立的時(shí)間。這里使用定語從句，先行詞是先行詞是the time，定語從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語，定語從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語，用關(guān)系副詞用

46、關(guān)系副詞when。 完成句子。完成句子。1. I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise. (2016, 北京北京)【解析【解析】我隔壁住著一對(duì)夫妻，他們的孩子我隔壁住著一對(duì)夫妻，他們的孩子經(jīng)常制造很多噪音。先行詞是經(jīng)常制造很多噪音。先行詞是a couple，代入，代入定語從句后為：定語從句后為：The couples children often make a lot of noise. 先行詞在句中作定語。先行詞在句中作定語。whose2. Scientists have advanced many t

47、heories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved. (2016, 浙江浙江)【解析【解析】就人類為什么哭出眼淚科學(xué)家提出就人類為什么哭出眼淚科學(xué)家提出了許多理論，但沒有一項(xiàng)理論得到過證明。了許多理論，但沒有一項(xiàng)理論得到過證明。先行詞為先行詞為theories，代入后為，代入后為None of the theories has been proved. 先行詞指物，在從先行詞指物，在從句中作句中作of 的賓語，介詞的賓語，介詞of提前。提前。which3. Many young people, most of

48、_ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. (2016, 江蘇江蘇)【解析【解析】很多年輕人都去了偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)追求自很多年輕人都去了偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)追求自己的夢(mèng)想，他們中部分都受過良好的教育。己的夢(mèng)想，他們中部分都受過良好的教育。先行詞先行詞young people指認(rèn)，代入后為指認(rèn)，代入后為Most of the young people were well-educated. 先行詞先行詞在句中作介詞在句中作介詞of的賓語。的賓語。whom4. The boss of the company is try

49、ing to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work. (2015, 天津天津)【解析【解析】該公司的老板在努力營(yíng)造一種輕松該公司的老板在努力營(yíng)造一種輕松的氛圍，在這種氛圍中，他的員工可以享受的氛圍，在這種氛圍中，他的員工可以享受工作的樂趣。先行詞是工作的樂趣。先行詞是atmosphere，代入后，代入后為為His employees enjoy their work in the easy atmosphere. 在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語。在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語。where5. Some experts think

50、reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends. (2015, 安徽安徽)【解析【解析】一些專家認(rèn)為閱讀是學(xué)校教育所依一些專家認(rèn)為閱讀是學(xué)校教育所依賴的基本技能。先行詞賴的基本技能。先行詞skill，代入后，代入后School education depends upon the fundamental skill. 在定語從句中做介詞在定語從句中做介詞upon賓語，賓語，upon提前。提前。which6. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always l

51、onging for the time _ he should be able to be independent. (2015, 陜西陜西)【解析【解析】作為家中最小的孩子，作為家中最小的孩子，Alex總是期總是期盼著他能夠獨(dú)立的時(shí)候。先行詞盼著他能夠獨(dú)立的時(shí)候。先行詞time，代入，代入后后He should be able to be independent at the time. 在定語從句中做時(shí)間狀語。在定語從句中做時(shí)間狀語。when7. Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the

52、 year. (2014, 重慶重慶)【解析【解析】一個(gè)月后我們將會(huì)達(dá)到年初所定的一個(gè)月后我們將會(huì)達(dá)到年初所定的銷售目標(biāo)。先行詞銷售目標(biāo)。先行詞the sales targets，關(guān)系代，關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作詞在定語從句中作set的賓語。的賓語。which/that如何介紹人物如何介紹人物【寫作指導(dǎo)【寫作指導(dǎo)】 此類寫作屬于記敘文的范疇，以記敘此類寫作屬于記敘文的范疇，以記敘和描寫為主。寫作順序可以采用和描寫為主。寫作順序可以采用“順敘順敘”、“倒敘倒敘”或者或者“插敘插敘”，敘述過程應(yīng)當(dāng)條，敘述過程應(yīng)當(dāng)條理清楚、脈絡(luò)分明。寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾理清楚、脈絡(luò)分明。寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：點(diǎn)：首先首

53、先，要確定描寫的順序。，要確定描寫的順序。其次其次，要有重點(diǎn)，分清主次。發(fā)生在一，要有重點(diǎn)，分清主次。發(fā)生在一個(gè)人身上的事情很多，選材時(shí)要就此人個(gè)人身上的事情很多，選材時(shí)要就此人突出的事跡或成就重點(diǎn)描寫。突出的事跡或成就重點(diǎn)描寫。最后最后，在描寫和敘述的過程中，應(yīng)該對(duì)，在描寫和敘述的過程中，應(yīng)該對(duì)所介紹的人物的行為和事跡進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)乃榻B的人物的行為和事跡進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)脑u(píng)論，或描述自己的感受。評(píng)論，或描述自己的感受。這類作文一般可分為三段：這類作文一般可分為三段： 第一段第一段：開門見山，簡(jiǎn)要介紹人物身份：開門見山，簡(jiǎn)要介紹人物身份及成就。及成就。 第二段第二段：具體介紹其學(xué)習(xí)及工作經(jīng)歷。：具體介紹

54、其學(xué)習(xí)及工作經(jīng)歷。 第三段第三段：用評(píng)價(jià)性話語總結(jié)全文，達(dá)到：用評(píng)價(jià)性話語總結(jié)全文，達(dá)到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的效果。畫龍點(diǎn)睛的效果。【常用表達(dá)【常用表達(dá)】Of all ., . is the one who impresses me most. He was born in .He graduated from .He is a young . of medium height with a round face, long hair and a big nose.He is a lovely ., who is easy-going, talkative and ready to help others

55、. He is such a learned/confident/. person that .He sets a good example to us all and .I admire him for his .He made/has made great contributions to .I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1. Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in _ (operate).2. When the survey started in 1975, the average _

56、(week) pocket money was 33 pence.3. When it rains the ground becomes very _ (mud).operationweeklymuddy4. The appointment was given to Wellington, mainly for _ (politics) reasons.5. Many of those attending made large _ (donate) to the party shortly before or after the event.6. Has the Channel Tunnel

57、improved the _ (distribute) of goods between the British Isles and mainland Europe?politicaldonationsdistributionII. 選用合適的單詞選用合適的單詞及正確形式填空及正確形式填空。 comb, purchase, toast, weed1. A house is the most expensive _ that most people ever make. Tickets may be _ in advance from the box office.2. Melanie sat

58、_ out her hair in front of the kitchen mirror. She plotted a new method to kill Snow White: with a poisoned _.purchasepurchasedcombingcomb comb, purchase, toast, weed3. While _ the bread, Steve listened to the noises beyond the dining- room door. The committee drank a(n) _ to the new project.4. Hank

59、 bent down and pulled _ out of the garden. In particular, men assist more with ploughing as well as with sowing, _ and harvesting.toastingtoastweedsweedingIII. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1. Taking too much water for household use is drying _ the river.2. Mary has the privilege _ meeting the queen.3. Its

60、 important that children learn to understand the concept _ sharing.4. Members can participate _ any of the trips organized by the club.upofofin5. It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust _ the darkness.6. Drop us a line. Its always great to hear _ you.7. Try not to discuss topics that are not st

61、rictly relevant _ the essay question.8. In summer, water the plants regularly and never let the soil dry _.tofromtooutIV. 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。1. Roy reached down and picked up the grammar book _ was lying upside down on the floor.2. Last Sunday they reached Qingdao _ a conference was to be held.3. Th

62、e day care center was established to take care of children _ parents work during the day.that/whichwherewhose4. David is a kind-hearted person _ we can turn to for help whenever we meet difficulties.5. For Americans, Christmas Day is a warm and pleasant occasion _ all the family members buy presents

63、 for each other.whom/who/thatwhen6. The speed at _ the car was moving was above the speed limit on the motorway.7. I dont know the reason _ the young teacher is popular with these adolescents.whichwhy. 閱讀材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（閱讀材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（1 個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The businesses leading the so-cal

64、led sharing economy are now major competitors to some of 1. _ worlds largest businesses. One of them is American transportation giant Uber. More than 1 million people have signed up 2. _ (be) Uber drivers. Uber attracts drivers by providing discounts for fuel, theto becar maintenance (保養(yǎng)保養(yǎng)) and cell

65、 phone bills. Drivers also make their own 3. _ (arrange) when deciding when and for how long they work. Their earnings are automatically and 4. _ (convenient) deposited into their bank accounts. People 5. _ need of a ride call an Uber car by using Ubers app. Click on a button and the drivers picture

66、 and vehicle details appear. arrangementsconvenientlyinIts arrival can 6. _ (track) on the apps map. The fee is automatically taken out of a riders account using his or her credit card on file. Security is maintained by the fact 7. _ any phone contact between driver and rider is done through Uber, so phone numbers 8. _ (keep) secret. Furthermore, whether you are a driver or rider, Uber always knows where and with whom you are. be trackedthatare keptHowever, there has been much protest (反對(duì)反對(duì)) aga