[牛津中小學(xué)英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)]Unit 1 Asia 知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納匯總講解
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1、9B Unit 1 Asia 知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納匯總講解Comic1. Wow, the Great Wall is amazing, isnt it? 哇,長(zhǎng)城真是令人驚嘆,不是嗎?(1)此句是一個(gè)反意疑問(wèn)句。反意疑問(wèn)句的幾個(gè)特殊形式: 不定代詞everyone,someone,somebody,everybody等作陳述句的主語(yǔ)時(shí),附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)在正式語(yǔ)體中用he,在非正式語(yǔ)體中用they。例:Someone went home, didnt he/they? 有人回家了,不是嗎? this,that,something,everything,anything,nothing以及動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))
2、、現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))等作陳述句的主語(yǔ)時(shí),附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)常用it。例:This isnt a good book, is it? 這不是一本好書,是嗎?Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切都準(zhǔn)備好了,不是嗎? 當(dāng)陳述句中出現(xiàn)had better時(shí),附加問(wèn)句用 hadnt。例:Youd better ask the policeman, hadnt you? 你最好問(wèn)問(wèn)警察,好不好? 當(dāng)陳述句中帶有never,hardly,few,little,nothing,nobody,none等這類否定詞時(shí),附加問(wèn)句要用肯定形式。例:Theyve never been there
3、before, have they? 他們以前從未去過(guò)那里,是嗎? 當(dāng)陳述部分為祈使句時(shí),附加問(wèn)句一般用“will you?”。例:Open the window, will you? 把窗戶打開(kāi),好嗎? 以Lets(包括聽(tīng)話人在內(nèi))開(kāi)頭的祈使句,附加問(wèn)句常用“shall we?”;但以Let us(不包括聽(tīng)話人在內(nèi))開(kāi)頭的祈使句,附加問(wèn)句常用“will you?”。例:Lets meet outside the school gate, shall we? 咱們?cè)趯W(xué)校大門外見(jiàn)面,好嗎?Let us go swimming, will you? 讓我們?nèi)ビ斡荆脝幔?There be句型中的附
4、加問(wèn)句用“be there/be not there?”。例:There is little milk in the glass, is there? 玻璃杯里幾乎沒(méi)有牛奶,是嗎? 當(dāng)陳述句部分是“I think/believe. + that從句”時(shí),附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與從句的人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。例:I think she is right, isnt she? 我認(rèn)為她是對(duì)的,不是嗎?(2)amazing是形容詞,意為“令人驚訝的”,含主動(dòng)意味。如果有些事情發(fā)生得出乎意料,難以置信,也可以用amazing來(lái)形容。Its just an amazing journey. 這是一個(gè)奇妙
5、的旅程?!咀⒁狻?amazed adj. (某人)感到驚奇的,含被動(dòng)意味。重用詞組:be amazed by/at 意為“對(duì)感到驚奇”。 amazing修飾物,而amazed與人連用。例:We are all amazed at the amazing views here. 我們都對(duì)這里令人驚奇的風(fēng)景感到驚訝。【拓展】 amaze vt. 使驚得;使驚訝。例:He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. 他通過(guò)了駕駛考試使每個(gè)人都驚訝。 amazement n. 驚奇;驚愕;驚訝。例:She looked at him in amazemen
6、t. 她驚愕地望著他。2. Its tiring to climb the steps and my feet hurt. 爬臺(tái)階太累了,我的腳疼。(1)tiring是形容詞,意為“使人疲勞的;累人的”。例:Its very tiring work. 這是很累人的工作。【辨析】tiring,tiredtiring意為“使人疲勞的”,表示主動(dòng)意義,一般用來(lái)修飾事物,表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征。tired意為“感到疲勞的”,表示被動(dòng)意義,主語(yǔ)一般是表示人的名詞或代詞,常構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。類似的形容詞有:amazing/amazed;exciting/excited;boring/bored;interest
7、ing/interested。【拓展】 tire vt. 使疲倦,使厭煩;vi. 疲勞,厭倦。例:He felt he would never tire of listening to her stories. 他覺(jué)得他永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)厭倦聽(tīng)她的故事。 tireless adj. 不知疲倦的,不疲勞的 tireless work孜孜不倦的工作【固定搭配】be tired with 因而疲勞be tired of. 對(duì)感到厭煩(2)hurt(hurt,hurt,hurting,hurts) vt.使受傷,損害。例:Shehurtherselfwhenshefelldown.她跌倒時(shí)傷了自己。Shehu
8、rtmyfeelings.她傷害了我的感情。 vi.感到疼。例:Myleghurts.我的腿很疼。 n. 痛苦。例:Theexperienceleftmewithafeelingofdeephurt.這段經(jīng)歷給我心靈留下了嚴(yán)重的創(chuàng)傷。3. Im taking a rest. 我要休息一下。此處是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,即說(shuō)話之前已經(jīng)計(jì)劃好的事情。英語(yǔ)中,一些表示位 置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞(如:go,come,leave,stay,arrive,fly,start,begin,plan,move,walk,ride,drive,take等)通常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)表示已經(jīng)計(jì)劃好的、將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)
9、作。例:The Blacks are leaving for Beijing. 布萊克一家要?jiǎng)由砣ケ本?。I hear you are driving to Suzhou for your holiday. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你要駕車去蘇州度假。4. Theres still a long way to go. 仍然有很長(zhǎng)的一段路要走。(1)still adv. 仍然,仍舊,還是。例:Theres still time to change your mind. 還有時(shí)間改變你的想法。(2)stilladj. 靜止的,平靜的,寂靜的。例:Keep still while I comb your hair. 我
10、給你梳頭時(shí)你不要?jiǎng)印#?)still v. 靜止,平靜,安靜。例:The wind stilled. 風(fēng)停了。【固定搭配】still less更不必說(shuō);still more還有(更多)。例:I cant speak English, still less Japanese. 我不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ),更別說(shuō)日語(yǔ)了。There was still more bad news to come. 隨后還傳來(lái)了更多的壞消息。【注意】still用于肯定句中;yet用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。He is still a child. 他還是個(gè)孩子。He is not yet an adult. 他尚未成年。5. Wed b
11、etter keep moving. 我們最好繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。(1)had better意為“最好”,常用來(lái)表示對(duì)別人的建議、勸告或表達(dá)一種愿望。had better后接動(dòng)詞原形,其否定式為had better not do sth.,意為“最好不要做某事”。had better可與前面的代詞縮寫為d better。例:Youd better go to school at once. 你最好立即去上學(xué)。(2)keep doing sth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事,一直做某事”,相當(dāng)于 keep on doing sth.。例:He kept (on) coughing last night. 他昨晚一直在
12、咳嗽?!竟潭ù钆洹?keep busy 保持忙碌keep healthy/fit 保持健康keep together 待在一起keep safe 保證安全keep up with 跟上keep off 使避開(kāi),不接近keep out (of) 關(guān)在外面,不讓進(jìn)入keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep sb. /sth. doing sth. 使某人/某物一直做某事keep sb. /sth. done 使某人/某事被keep sb. /sth. + adj. 保持某人/某物6. Wake me up on your way back. 在你返回的路上把我叫醒。
13、wake up意為“叫醒,喚醒,醒來(lái)”,是“動(dòng)詞+副詞”型短語(yǔ),當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí),賓語(yǔ)放在up前后均可;但當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是副詞時(shí),賓語(yǔ)只能放在wake和up 之間。例:Please wake Tom up at 7 oclock = Please wake up Tom at 7 oclock. 請(qǐng)?jiān)?點(diǎn)鐘叫醒湯姆。Your dad is sleeping. Dont wake him up. 你的爸爸在睡覺(jué),別叫醒他。【拓展】常見(jiàn)的含up的短語(yǔ)有:pick up 檢起give up 放棄put up 舉起,搭建eat up 吃完,吃光look up 向上看,查閱move up 向上移動(dòng)open up
14、開(kāi)啟,打開(kāi)set up 建立,設(shè)立wash up (飯后)洗餐具clean up 清理pull up 拔出Welcome to the unit1. Im planning to travel around China. 我正在計(jì)劃游遍中國(guó)。plan是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“計(jì)劃”。plan to do sth. 意為“計(jì)劃做某事”,動(dòng)詞不定式to do sth.作動(dòng)詞 plan的賓語(yǔ)。例:Where do you plan to spend this weekend? 你打算在哪里度過(guò)這個(gè)周末?【拓展】(1)plan n. 計(jì)劃,打算。常用結(jié)構(gòu):make a plan制訂計(jì)劃。例:We should
15、 make a plan for our study. 我們應(yīng)該為學(xué)習(xí)制訂一個(gè)計(jì)劃。(2)常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有:ask,like,love,want,decide,hope,wish,need,help,remember,forget,try,expect,begin,agree,offer,refuse,would like等。例:I dont like to be late for school. 我不喜歡上學(xué)遲到。We all want to have a try. 我們都想試一試。2. Since you are in Beijing now, why dont you st
16、art from here? 既然你現(xiàn)在在北京,為什么不從這里開(kāi)始呢?(1)since是連詞,意為“由于,既然”,相當(dāng)于 because或now that,用來(lái)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,說(shuō)明原因。例:Since you are so sure of it,hell believe you. 既然你對(duì)此這么有把握,他會(huì)相信你的。【拓展】 since conj. 自從,自從以來(lái),用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句。例:I have been here since three oclock this afternoon. 從今天下午3點(diǎn)起,我一直待在這兒。 【辨析】because,since,as,forbecau
17、se因?yàn)橐鹬骶浣Y(jié)果的直接原 因,一般位于主句之后,常用于回答why引起的 問(wèn)句。since既然表示已經(jīng)知曉、無(wú)需加以說(shuō)明的原因或事實(shí),也可以表示自然結(jié)果,常置于句首。as由于,鑒于主從并重,從句說(shuō)明原因,主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果。for因?yàn)橛米鞑⒘羞B詞,不表示直 接原因,表明附加或推斷的理由,常置于主句之后。例:He was late for school because he got up late. 因?yàn)樗鸫餐砹?,所以他上學(xué)遲到了。Since you ask, I will tell you. 既然你問(wèn)了,我就告訴你吧。As everybody is here, we can set off. 由
18、于人到齊了,我們可以出發(fā)了。I must go now, for my sister is waiting for me. 我現(xiàn)在得走了,我姐姐在等我呢。(2)Why dont you.?意為“你為什么不呢?”,常用來(lái)提出建議,后接動(dòng)詞原形,相當(dāng)于“Why not?”。Why dont you/ Why not go fishing with me this weekend? 這個(gè)周末你為什么不和我一起去釣魚呢? 【拓展】英語(yǔ)中表示建議或征詢對(duì)方意見(jiàn)的方法有多種,現(xiàn)歸納如下: 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱I或we時(shí),我們可以用 “Shall I/ we+ 動(dòng)詞原形?”來(lái)提出建議或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn),意為“我(們
19、)好嗎? ”。例:Shall we go to the zoo to see the pandas? 我們?nèi)?dòng)物園看熊貓好嗎?Shall he carry the box for you? 讓他替你拿這只箱子,好嗎? 用“Lets+動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)提出自己的建議,意 為“讓咱/我們做吧!”,或用“Lets+動(dòng)詞原形,OK/ all right/ right/ shall we?”來(lái)征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)和看法,意為“咱們做,好/行嗎? ”。例:Lets make it half past seven. 咱們定在七點(diǎn)半吧。Lets meet outside the school gate, OK? 我們?cè)谛?/p>
20、門外集合,好嗎? 用“What/How abont +名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式? ”來(lái)提出建議、征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)、詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的看法等,意為“怎么樣? ”。例:What/How about playing football after school? 放學(xué)后踢足球怎么樣? 用“Whatdo you think of.?”或“How do you like?”來(lái)詢問(wèn)別人的意見(jiàn),意為“你認(rèn)為怎么樣? ”。例:What do you think of the people here? 你覺(jué)得這兒的人怎么樣? 用“Wouldyou like+名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式?”來(lái)征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn),意為“你想要嗎? ”。例:
21、Would you like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival? 中秋節(jié)你來(lái)我家好嗎? 用“Will/Wouldyou please +動(dòng)詞原形?”來(lái)提出看法,意為“請(qǐng)你好嗎?”。例:Would you please open the window? 請(qǐng)你把窗戶打開(kāi)好嗎? “Help yourself/ yourselves to十食物或飲料”意為“請(qǐng)隨便吃/喝”,這是就餐時(shí)主人向客人提出建議的常用語(yǔ)。例:Help yourselves to some dumplings, children. 孩子們,請(qǐng)隨便吃些餃子。 用“Youd
22、better (not) +動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)提出委婉的建議,意為“你最好(不要)做”。例:Youd better take a bus. 你最好乘公共汽車去。 用“Dont+動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)表示語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈的看法,意為“不要做”。例:Dont feed the animals in the zoo. 在動(dòng)物園里不要喂那些動(dòng)物。3. Thank you for your suggestions. 感謝你的建議。suggestion作名詞,意為“建議,意見(jiàn)”,是可數(shù)名詞。例:Daniel came out with a most useful suggestion. 丹尼爾提出了一個(gè)非常有用的建議?!就卣埂?
23、suggest vt. 建議,提議。常用結(jié)構(gòu):suggest sth. to sb. 向某人建議某事;suggest (sb.s) doing sth.意為“建議(某人)做某事”。例:I suggested going there by bike. 我建議騎車去那兒。He suggested a visit to his farm to us. 他建議我們?nèi)ニ霓r(nóng)場(chǎng)參觀?!颈嫖觥縮uggestion,advice,advisesuggestion和advice都是名詞,但前者是可數(shù)名詞,而advice是不可數(shù)名詞,a suggestion相當(dāng)于a piece of advice, some s
24、uggestions相當(dāng)于some advice。advise是動(dòng)詞,意為“建議,向提出建議”,advise sb. to do sth.意為“建議某人做某事”。例:The doctor advised my father to stop smoking. 醫(yī)生建議我父親戒煙。I shall act as you advise. 我將按你的建議去做。Reading1. In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City. 在北京古城的中部是故宮博物院,
25、也叫紫禁城。middle是名詞,意為“中間,中央”。in the middle of意為“在中間”,既可用于空間,也可用于時(shí)間或活動(dòng)等。例:At the age of 18 he graduated from middle school. 他18歲時(shí)中學(xué)畢業(yè)。A dog is lying in the middle of the road. 一條狗正躺在路中間?!颈嫖觥縨iddle,centremiddle指長(zhǎng)形物的中央、道路兩側(cè)的中間 或某期間,表示的位置沒(méi)有centre 精確,只與介詞in連用。centre指圓、球或城市的中心,只用于空間,可與介詞in或at連用。2. The empero
26、rs of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there. 明朝和清朝的皇帝們過(guò)去居住在那里。used to do sth.意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”,通常指過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。例:My grandparents used to walk after supper. 我的爺爺奶奶過(guò)去經(jīng)常在晚飯后散步?!颈嫖觥縰sed to do sth.,be used to do sth.,be used to doing sth.used to do sth.意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”,指過(guò)去經(jīng)常做而現(xiàn)在不做了,是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。be used to do sth.意為“被
27、用來(lái)做某事”,相當(dāng)于 be used for doing sth.,是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。be used to doing sth.意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”,可用于任何時(shí)態(tài),其中的to 是介詞,后接名詞或動(dòng) 詞-ing形式。例:I used to get up late, but now Im used to getting up early every day. 我過(guò)去常常晚起,但現(xiàn)在我習(xí)慣 于每天早起。Computers can be used to play games.= Computers can be used for playing games. 電腦可以用來(lái)玩游戲。3. It was tur
28、ned into a museum in 1925. 在1925年,它被改造成了博物館。turn. into 相當(dāng)于change. into.,意為“把變成”。例:Ice can be turned/ changed into water. 冰可以變成水?!就卣埂亢瑃urn的短語(yǔ)還有:turn on 打開(kāi)turn off 關(guān)掉turn up 開(kāi)大turn down 把關(guān)小turn to轉(zhuǎn)到,把轉(zhuǎn)向(to是介詞,后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing 形式等)turn left/ right 向左/右轉(zhuǎn)turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)turn around 轉(zhuǎn)向,轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去turn in 上交take ones tu
29、rn 輪流by turns 輪流地。4. With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit. 它里面有令人驚嘆的建筑和藝術(shù)珍品,很值得參觀。worth是形容詞,意為“有價(jià)值,值錢”,其后可接名詞,但在接動(dòng)詞時(shí),應(yīng)用該動(dòng)詞 的-ing形式或該動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式,即be worth doing sth.或 be worth to be done,意為“值得做”。例:If you answer the question correctly, its worth two points. 答對(duì)了這道題
30、可以得2分。The mobile is worth buying/ to be bought. 這部手機(jī)值得買。【拓展】 (1)worth是表語(yǔ)形容詞,不可以放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。表示“很值得”應(yīng)用副詞well修飾worth,不可用too,very,quite等副詞修飾。例:The coat is well worth buying. 這件外套很值得買。 (2)be worth后的動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示的動(dòng)作常帶有含蓄性和泛指性,其前一般不用形容詞性物主代詞。例:這本書值得一看。誤 The book is worth our reading.正 The book is worth reading.(
31、2)be worth后的動(dòng)詞如果是不及物動(dòng)詞,其后應(yīng)加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。例:His speech is well worth listening to. 他的演講很值得一聽(tīng)。5. Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag. 許多游客喜歡在清晨聚 集在那里看升國(guó)旗。(1)tourist是可數(shù)名詞,意為“旅游者,觀光者”。例:Suzhou is full of tourists all the year round. 蘇州全年滿是觀光者?!就卣埂縯o
32、ur n. 旅行,觀光,參觀;v. 旅行,觀光,參觀;tourer n. 游客,游覽車。【辨析】trip,travel,journey,tourtrip常指短距離的旅游或往返的旅行。travel常用于口語(yǔ)中,指到遠(yuǎn)方去的或長(zhǎng)期的旅行。journey常指遠(yuǎn)距離的陸地旅游,較為正式。tour指“周游”途中在許多地方做短暫性 停留的觀光旅游。例:I made many new friends during the trip. 這次旅行中我結(jié)交了許多新朋友。Do you still remember the travel in Australia? 你還記得澳大利亞之旅嗎?They decided t
33、o make a journey to the northwest of China. 他們決定到中國(guó)西北地區(qū)去旅游。Do you have a morning tour? 你們有上午的觀光游嗎?(2)句中動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ) to watch the raising of the national flag 作目的狀語(yǔ)。例:The teacher spoke loudly enough to make the students hear what he said. 老師說(shuō)話聲音足夠大,以 使學(xué)生們聽(tīng)到他的話。(3)raising是名詞,意為“升髙”。例:He is watching the rai
34、sing of the balloon. 他正在觀看氣球的升高。【拓展】 raise vt. 籌集,招募,相當(dāng)于collect。常用結(jié)構(gòu):raise for.意為“為籌集”。例:We are raising books and clothes for the students in poor areas. 我們正在為貧困地區(qū)的學(xué)生籌集書籍和衣物。I will raise enough money for my holiday. 我將籌夠錢去度假。 raise vt. & vi. 舉起,抬起,提高;養(yǎng)育,種植。例:If you have any question, raise your hand
35、, please. 如果你有問(wèn)題,請(qǐng)舉手。Do you know how people in the south raise rice? 你知道南方人如何種植水稻嗎?【辨析】raise,riseraise是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“舉起,升高,提高”,主要指借助外力在原有基礎(chǔ)上的升高。rise是不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“升起,上漲”,主要指憑借自身力量由低到高移動(dòng),常用來(lái)表示一些自然現(xiàn)象和價(jià)格等的上漲。6. Another famous attraction is the Great Wall. 另一個(gè)著名景點(diǎn)是長(zhǎng)城。attraction是名詞,意為“吸引,吸引力,吸引人的事物”。例:My favourite
36、attraction is Lijiang River. 我最喜歡的名勝是漓江?!就卣埂浚?)attract v. 吸引(某人的注意力、興趣、情感等),引起(興趣、關(guān)注等),使喜愛(ài),后面的賓語(yǔ)可以是人,也可以是物;如果與介詞to連用,則表示“把吸引到”。例:The teacher attracts his students because of his excellent teaching. 這位老師吸引他的學(xué)生是因?yàn)樗?出色的教學(xué)。(2)attractive adj. 有吸引力的,吸引人的,有魅力的,引人注目的。例:She is a very attractive lady. 她是一位非常有
37、魅力的女士。7. It is one of the wonders of the world. 它是世界奇觀之一。(1)one of.意為“中的一個(gè),之一”,其中的one可指人,也可指物,介詞of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞;當(dāng)名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí),常用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式。該短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。例:Sun Yue is one of the best basketball players in China. 在中國(guó)孫悅是最好的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一。One of them is for you, David. 大衛(wèi),它們中的一個(gè)是給你的。(2)wonder是可數(shù)名詞,意為“奇跡”。例:the S
38、even Wonders of the World 世界七大奇跡【拓展】 wonder n. 驚奇,驚嘆,驚異,是不可數(shù)名詞。例:The whole film is full of wonder. 整部電影充滿了驚奇。 wonder v. 想知道,覺(jué)得奇怪,其后可接賓語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于want to know;也可接介詞at/about構(gòu)成wonder at/about,意為“對(duì)感到驚訝”。例:I wonder ( = want to know) how you knew the answer. 我想知道你是怎樣知道答案的。Sometimes I wonder at/about Daniels b
39、ehaviour. 有時(shí),我對(duì)丹尼爾的行為感到驚訝。 wonderful adj. 極好的,美妙的。例:What a wonderful present! 多好的禮物?。?wonderfully adv. 極好地,精彩地。例:The young trees grow wonderfully. 這些小樹(shù)長(zhǎng)得極好。8. It lies on the two sides of Lijiang River. 它位于漓江的兩岸。lie是動(dòng)詞,意為“位于”,相當(dāng)于be或stand,其 過(guò)去式是lay,過(guò)去分詞是lain。例:Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中國(guó)東面
40、。【拓展】(1)lie vi. 認(rèn)躺,平臥,其現(xiàn)在分詞形式是 lying,過(guò)去式是lay,過(guò)去分詞是lain。常用結(jié)構(gòu):lie on. 意為“躺在上面”。例:He often lies on bed to read. 他經(jīng)常躺在床上看書。(2)lie vt. & vi. 說(shuō)謊,撒說(shuō),其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都是lied;lie作名詞,意為“謊言,謊話”,tell a lie 意為“說(shuō)謊”。例:Lies cant cover the facts. 謊言掩蓋不了事實(shí)。(3)lay vt. 放;產(chǎn)(卵),下(蛋)。例:The hen lays an egg every day. 這只母雞每天產(chǎn)一只蛋。9.
41、 Many visitors come and visit Guilin because of its fantastic landscape. 許多參觀者來(lái)到桂林是因?yàn)樗钠娈惥吧ecause of是介詞短語(yǔ),意為“由于,因?yàn)椤?,后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ),可置于句首或句末。例:I cant go to school because of sickness. 我因病不能上學(xué)?!就卣埂縝ecause是連詞,意為“因?yàn)椤?,常引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)回答why的提問(wèn),或解釋原因。例:He didnt go to school today because he was ill.
42、= He didnt go to school today because of his illness. 他今天因?yàn)樯](méi)有去上學(xué)。10. some hang down, and others point upwards. ,有的向下懸垂,還有一些向上伸展。(1)hang是動(dòng)詞,意為“垂下,懸掛”。例:My mother hung the washing on the line to dry. 我的母親把洗好的衣服掛在繩子上晾干?!就卣埂縣ang vt. & vi. 上吊,絞死。例:He hanged himself two hours after arriving at a mental
43、hospital. 他到達(dá)精神病院兩小時(shí)后上吊自 殺了。(2)point是不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“指,指向”。例:I asked him where the post office was and he pointed across the street. 我問(wèn)他郵局在哪里,他指向 大街的對(duì)面。Its rude to point at others with your fingers. 用手指指著別人是不禮貌的。【固定搭配】point at 指著(近處)point to 指向(遠(yuǎn)處)point out 指出,指明【拓展】point n. 點(diǎn),小數(shù)點(diǎn),要點(diǎn),尖端,(體育 比賽中的)得分,是可數(shù)名詞;p
44、ointed adj.尖的,尖銳的,明確的;pointedly adv. 尖銳地,明確地。例:Our team scored six points in the game. 在比賽中我們隊(duì)獲得了 6分。He said, pointedly, your idea was not right. 他尖銳地說(shuō)出你的想法是不對(duì)的。11. I hope you can visit my city one day! 我希望有一天你能參觀我的城市!句中one day意為“有一天,有朝一日”,指將來(lái)的某一天。one day也可以用來(lái)表示過(guò)去的“某一天”,一般用于講故事或敘述過(guò)去的事情,且放在句子開(kāi)頭。例:You
45、 will understand what I said one day. 總有一天你會(huì)明白我所說(shuō)的話的。One day, a boy got lost on his way home. 有一天,一個(gè)男孩在回家的路上迷路了。12.Guilin is in eastern China. 桂林在中國(guó)東部。eastern是形容詞,意為“東部的,東方的”。例:Shanghai is an eastern city in China. 上海是中國(guó)的一個(gè)東方之城。【拓展】表示方位的名詞和形容詞對(duì)應(yīng)如下:eastn.東方easternadj.東方的,東部的westn.西方westernadj.西方的,西部的
46、southn.南方southernadj.南方的,南部的northn.北方northernadj.北方的,北部的例:Hainan lies in southern China. 海南位于中國(guó)南部。13. Guilin is famous for its beautiful landscape. 桂林以其美麗的景色而著稱。be famous for意為“因/以而著名”,相當(dāng)于 be well-known for。例:Suzhou is famous for its silk. 蘇州以它的絲綢而聞名?!颈嫖觥縝e famous for,be famous as,be famous tobe fam
47、ous for意為“以/因著名/出名/聞名”, for表示人或物之所以聞名的原因, 其后常接表示特點(diǎn)、特長(zhǎng)的名詞。be famous as意為“以(身份)而著名”,as 后接表示職業(yè)的名詞。be famous to意為“對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)是著名的”,to 后常接人。例:Gong Li is famous for her fine acting. 鞏俐以她的精湛演技而著稱。Qi Baishi was famous as an artist in the world. 齊白石作為畫家而聞名于世。The pop singer is famous to the young people. 流行歌手對(duì)于那些年輕人來(lái)
48、說(shuō)是著名的。14. You need to buy a bicycle to ride around the countryside. 你需要買一輛自行車在鄉(xiāng)村周圍騎。need是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,意為“需要”,有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞-ing形式或 動(dòng)詞不定式等。need to do sth.意為“需要做某事”。例:Kate needs some more water. 凱特需要多喝水。He needs to get a new pair of trousers. 他需要買一條新褲子?!就卣埂浚?)need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),后接動(dòng)詞原形,主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中,它沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。
49、例:We neednt hurry. 我們不必著急。Need he go so soon? 他需要這么早就走嗎?(2)need作名詞時(shí),常與介詞of或for連用。例:There is no need to thank me. 沒(méi)有必要謝我。The doctor said our teacher was in great need of a holiday. 醫(yī)生說(shuō)我們的老師需要休假。Theres a growing need for new houses in this city. 這個(gè)城市的住房需求日益增長(zhǎng)?!颈嫖觥縩eed to do sth,need doing sthneed to d
50、o sth.主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,表示主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。need doing sth.主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作,相當(dāng)于“need to be + 過(guò)去分詞”。例:Do you need to do your homework? 你需要做作業(yè)嗎?The bike needs repairing. 這輛自行車需要修理。Integrated skills1. Its in South East Asia. 它在東南亞。South East Asia“東南亞”。類似的詞語(yǔ)還有:South Asia“南亞”;East Asia“東亞”;West Asia“西亞”,等等。2. What language
51、s do they speak? 他們講什么語(yǔ)言?句中what是疑問(wèn)形容詞,用來(lái)說(shuō)明名詞,作前置定語(yǔ),表示“什么”和“怎樣的”的意思。例: What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點(diǎn)了? What time do you get up every day? 你每天什么時(shí)間起床? What size do you want? 你要多大尺寸的?3. Most people can speak both English and Chinese. 大多數(shù)人會(huì)講英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)。both and 意為“和都;兩者都”,連接主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例:Both my dad and my mum are good at English. 我的爸爸和媽媽都擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)。【拓展】 both. and 的否定形式是neither. nor.,意為“既不也不;和都不”。neither nor 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)遵循“就近原則”。例:Neither you nor he is able to finish the work in half an hour. 你和他都不能在半小時(shí)之內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作。
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