CHRS-360烘干機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)【滾筒式】【含CAD圖紙+PDF圖】

喜歡這套資料就充值下載吧。資源目錄里展示的都可在線(xiàn)預(yù)覽哦。下載后都有，請(qǐng)放心下載，文件全都包含在內(nèi)，【有疑問(wèn)咨詢(xún)QQ:414951605 或 1304139763】 無(wú)錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)外文翻譯Althoughonceconsidereda“nontraditional”machiningprocess,EDMhasbeenreplacingdrilling,milling,grindingandothertraditionalmachiningoperationsinmanyindustriesthroughouttheworld.Sinceitsearlydaysasa“tapbusting”methodover50yearsago,EDMhasdevelopedintooneofthemostadvancedmachiningtechnologies.TodaysEDMequipmentusesadvancedComputerNumericalControl(CNC)withuptosix-axessimultaneousoperationandstateof-the-artpowersupplytechnology,whichcanproduceamirrorsurfacefinishand“split-tenth”accuracy.ThetremendousadvancementsinEDMtechnologyhavebeenachievedthroughthecollectiveeffortsofmanydedicatedengineersemployedbythemajorEDMbuildersandbyresearchersfromsomeoftheworldsleadinginstitutionsandresearchcenters.ThisreportprovidesanoverviewoftheresearchstudiesanddevelopmentsoftheseinstitutionsandtheactivitiesofprofessionalsocietiesandotherorganizationsthroughouttheworldthatarecontributingtothecontinuedadvancementsofElectricalDischargeMachining. MechanismsofTechnologyTransferMechanismsofTechnologyTransferAccordingtotheFederalLaboratoriesConsortium,thereareseveralchannelsforbringingaboutthetransferoftechnologyfromgovernmentorprivateresearchcenterstoindustry.Thefollowinglistisasampleofthevariousmechanismsused1.Cooperativeresearchprojectsbetweenindustryandlaboratories2.Workshops,seminars,andbriefings3.Exclusive/non-exclusivelicensing4.Sponsoredresearchwhereindustryreimbursesalabforworkdoneatthefacility.5.Consultingbylabpersonnel. 6.Employeeexchangewhereresearchersfromthelabandindustrytradeassignmentsinareasofmutualinterests. 7.Useoflabfacilitieswherecertaincapabilitiesarenotavailableataparticularcompany. 8.Laboratoryvisitstoshareinformationanddiscusstechnicalproblems.9.Publicationsandotherprintedliterature. 10.Membershipinindustrialaffiliateorganizationsthatareassociatedwithresearchlabs.Asdefinedinitems9and10,oneoftheobjectivesofEDMTechnologyTransfer(EDMTT)hasbeentoprovideamechanismorsourceofgatheringinformationfromresearchcenterswithprojectsrelatingtoEDM,andmakingthisinformationavailabletoanyoneinterestedintheEDMprocess.OnereferencesourcepublishedbyEDMTTisthe“EDMTechnology”volumeseries,whichcontainEDMtechnicalreportsbyuniversities,EDMmanufacturers,orothertechnicalresearchcentersaroundtheworld. InternationalandNationalEDMConferencesandDiscussionForums InanefforttoestablishaforumforthediscussionofEDMresearchanddevelopments,andhelpprovideacourseofinstructioninbasicandadvancedEDMtechnology,severaltechnicalsocietiesandothergroupshaveestablishedinternationalornationalconferencesonEDM. Japan JapanSocietyofElectricalMachiningEngineers(JSEME) Throughoutitsfortyyearhistory,theJSEMEhasbeenthepredominantorganizationanddrivingforcebehindtheresearchanddevelopmentofEDMandthedisseminationofthisinformationinJapan.AllofthemajorJapaneseEDMbuildersanduniversityEDMresearcherspresenttechnicalreportsonthelatestEDMresearchanddevelopmentsattheirannualconferences.AttheJSEME“AllJapanConference”heldinOctober1994,thirty-fivenewEDMreportswerepresented,includingthelatestresearchbyMitsubishi,Sodick,Makino,Hitachi,andtheleadingresearchcentersestablishedatJapaneseuniversities.The“JournaloftheJapanSocietyofElectricalMachiningEngineers”(Japaneselanguageonly)istheirofficialpublicationwhichprovidesthelatesttechnicalinformationontheJapaneseEDMindustry.FromarecentannouncementbyProfessorYasuoKimoto,currentPresidentofJSEME,theSocietywillcoordinateanew“InternationalJournalofElectricalMachining”(IJEM).TheaimsoftheIJEMare:1)topropagatethelatestscientificandtechnologicalnewsinthefieldofelectricalmachiningmethods,2)toexchangeexperiencesinputtingelectricalmachiningintopractice,and3)informaboutthecurrentstate-ofthe-artandsuggestdirectionsoffurtherdevelopment.IJEMeditorialboardmembersincluderepresentativesfromMitsubishi,Sodick,theleadingJapaneseresearchcenters,andwillalsoincludemembersfromoutsideJapan. U.S.A. SocietyofManufacturingEngineers(SME) SMEsponsorsanannualEDMclinicandafundamentalscourse.AmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers(ASME)Startingin1985,theProductionEngineeringDivisionofASMEbeganasessiononnontraditionalmachiningduringtheirWinterAnnualMeetingwithEDMasthemajortopicofdiscussion. ModernMachineShop/GardnerManagementBeginningin1989,ModernMachineShopMagazineandGardnerManagementServiceshassponsoredthelargestEDMconferenceandexhibitionintheUnitedStates.EDMTThasattendedalloftheseconferences. NationalInstituteofStandards&Technology(NIST)OrganizedundertheU.S.DepartmentofCommerceTechnologyAdministration,NISThasheldconferencesonthe“MachiningofAdvancedMaterials”andpresentstechnicalinformationonusingEDM. InternationalBeginninginthesixties,the“InternationalInstitutionforProductionEngineeringResearch”hascoordinatedaninternationaldelegationoftheworldsmajorEDMmanufacturersandresearchersforthe“InternationalSymposiumforElectro-Machining”(ISEM).TheInternationalInstitutionforProductionEngineeringResearchisalsoknownofficiallyasCIRP,whichstandsfor“CollegeInternationalpourIEtudeScientifiquedesTechniquesdeProductionMechanique”.ISEMhasbeenaforumofexchangefortechnicalinformationonEDM,Laser,ECMandotherhigh-technologymachiningprocesses.ISEMXIwillbeeldinSwitzerlandandcovertopicsonEDMProcessandPhysics,EDMMachinery,EDMTechnology,EDMControlandEDMApplications. EDMResearchandDevelopmentCenters AlthoughEDMrepresentsonlyasmallportionofthetotalmachinetoolindustryworldwide,thenumberoflaboratoriesthroughouttheworldperformingEDMresearchanddevelopmentstudieshasbeengrowingsteadilyforseveralyears.Themorein-depthandwellorganizedEDMresearchprogramsatvarioustechnicalcentersarefundedbythemajorEDMbuildersorthroughgovernmentresearchgrants.SeveralEDMmanufacturershavealsodonatedmachinesandsuppliestouniversitieswithlimitedfunds,whichhashelpedtoprovideaprogramforfutureengineerstoobtainahands-onunderstandingofthecapabilitiesoftheEDMprocess. ThefollowinginstitutionshaveestablishedresearchanddevelopmentprogramsonEDM.TheyrepresentonlyapartiallistofthelaboratoriesandresearchprojectsthroughouttheworldthatcontributetotheadvancementsinEDMtechnology.InadditiontotheworkatadvancedresearchlaboratoriessetupbythemajorEDMmanufacturers,theworkperformedattheseinstitutionsshouldhaveadirectimpactonfuturedevelopmentsintheEDMindustry. U.S.A. NontraditionalManufacturingResearchCenter,UniversityofNebraska-Lincoln UnderthedirectionofProfessorK.P.Rajurkar,thisinstitutionhasestablishedoneoftheworldsleadingcentersforacademicstudiesandexperimentalresearchinEDMandotherhightechnologymachiningprocesses.CoursestaughtinadvancedmanufacturingprocessescoverabroadrangeoftopicsandprovidethestudentwithanindepthstudyofEDMtechnology.BesidesEDM,about30otheradvancedmanufacturingprocessesarecovered.Thefollowinggraduatelevelcoursedescriptionprovidesasummaryofthesestudies: CourseTitle:AdvancedManufacturingProcesses(IE970)Description: Advancedmanufacturingprocessesprovideanalternative(orsometimestheonlyalternative)formanufacturingcomplexshapesinawidevarietyofmaterials.Thiscoursedealswithtopicsrangingfromtheprinciplesofoperation,totheintegrationoftheseadvancedprocessesintofutureflexiblemanufacturingsystems.Aboutthirty-onenontraditionalmanufacturingprocessesincludingElectricalDischargeMachining(EDM), Electro-ChemicalMachining(ECM),LaserBeamMachining(LBM),AbrasiveJetMachining(AJM),ElectrochemicalArcMachining(ECAM),ElectronBeamWelding,etc.arecoveredinthiscourse.Inthecontextoftheseadvancedmanufacturingprocesses,thefollowingtopicsarecovered.1.ProcessMechanism,ModelingandSimulation 2.SurfaceIntegrity 3.ToolDesign,CAD 4.DesignofRelatedMachineTools 5.AdaptiveControl 6.ExpertSystems,NeuralNetworks,FuzzyLogicApplications7.IntegrationwithinCIMEnvironment 8.Applications 9.EnvironmentalandSafetyIssues Inadditiontotheclasslectures,experimentalprojectsonDie-SinkingEDMandWireEDMarealsorequired. ThefollowinglistofprojectsprovideanoverviewofpastandfutureEDMresearchworkconductedattheUniversityofNebraskasNontraditionalManufacturingResearchCenter. ProjectsConductedOverPastTwoYears EffectofcryogenictreatmentofelectrodeonEDMperformanceThisprojectattemptstostudytheeffectofcryogenictreatmentofworkandtoolelectrodesonEDMprocessperformance.Cryogenictreatmentoftheworkpiecematerialandelectrodes(forEDMandWEDM)wasdonebyRPMCarbide,Inc.ofOhio.Duringcryogenictreatment,thematerialiscooledat77Kfor24hoursandbroughtbacktoambienttemperature.ExperimentsonWEDMhavebeencarriedoutusingtreatedwireanduntreatedwire.Itwasexperimentallyfoundthattheriskofwirerupturewasreducedby30%whenusingcryogenicallytreatedwire.ExperimentalworkonDie-sinkingEDMandWEDMiscontinuing. WireEDMingofPolycrystallineDiamond(PCD)AnexperimentalstudyhasbeencarriedouttodeterminetheeffectsofparametersettingsinastateoftheartWEDmachineonthemachiningperformance.TheWEDMperformanceincuttingdifferentlayersofmaterials,suchasPCDandWC,intheworkpiecehavebeenexperimentallyandtheoreticallydetermined.Themathematicalmodel(s)ofthermalstressforatheoreticalexplanationoftheremovalmechanismofdiamondgrainbasedonthenumericalsolutionofStefanproblemiscontinuing. WEDMofBerylliumCopperAlloysThemainobjectiveofthisprojectistodevelopadatabaseofoptimalmachineparametersettingsformachiningofBerylliumcopperalloysofdifferentheightsduringWEDM.ThisprojectisconductedwithaCharmillesRobofil100WEDmachine.Therelationshipsbetweenthemachinesettingsandmachiningcharacteristicssuchasmachiningspeed,surfaceroughness,andovercutaredeterminedexperimentally.Themachinesettingparametersarechargefrequency,chargecurrent,pulseduration,capacitance,wirespeed,wiretensionandwirematerial.Theoptimizationofparametersettingsconsistsoftwoobjectives,i.e.tomaximizethemachiningspeedandtomaximizesurfacefinish.Adatabaseofinputparametersforbothcriteriaisbeingdeveloped. Studyofdischargedistributionsindie-sinkingEDMusingdividedelectrodesparkdetectionmethodTheprincipalobjectiveofthisprojectistostudytheinfluenceofmachiningparameters(peakcurrentandpulseon-time)andflushingmethodsonsparkcharacteristicssuchassparkingefficiencyandgeometricaldistributionofsparksinthemachininggap.Peakcurrentandpulseon-timechangethemachiningconditionsinthegapleadingtochangesinthesparkingefficiencyandsparkdistribution.Anewmethodofsparkdetectionsystemisemployedtoobtainthesparkdata.Thesolidtoolisdividedintonumberofsmallersectionstoidentifyeachsparkindifferentareasinthegapatdifferentinstants.Thissparkdetectionmethodologycanalsobeeffectivelyusedtofindtheefficiencyofmachiningwhensubjectedtodifferentmachiningconditions. Adaptivecontrolsystemsfordie-sinkingEDMThearcdamageinthedie-sinkingEDMprocessreducesthemachiningproductivity,decreasesthemachinedsurfacequality,andincreasesthemachiningcost.ThemainobjectiveofthisprojectistodevelopadaptivecontrolsystemsforEDMtoimprovetheprocessstability,avoidarcdamage,andincreasethemachiningrate.Inthisproject,adigitalEDMgapmonitorwasdevelopedtopreciselydetectthetimeratiosofgapstatesincludinggapopen,normalspark,transientarc,stablearcandshortcircuit.Theuniquefeatureofthissystemisthehighfrequency(HF)detectingtechnologythatdetectsnotonlytheoccurrenceofarcdamage,butalsothetransientarcregardedastheforecastingsignalofarcdamage.TheHFdetectionisthemostreliablemethodinallEDMarcdamagedetectingtechnologies.Amodelreferenceadaptivecontrolsystemandaself-tuningregulatingsystemforEDMhavebeendeveloped.TheseadaptivecontrolsystemsdetectgapstateparametersthroughtheEDMgapmonitorandcontroltheservofeedinreal-time.Theproductivitywiththesecontrolsystemshasbeenshowntobeimprovedby50%whenmachiningunderpoorflushconditions.AnEDMautojumpingcontrollerusingthePIself-tuningapproachhasalsobeendevelopedonastate-of-the-artMitsubishiK35EDmachine.ThissystemadaptivelyadjuststhecycletimeoftheperiodicalretractionofthemainspindleaccordingtothedetectedEDMgapparameters.Thearcingdamagecanbecompletelyavoided,andtheproductivityisimprovedby50%ascomparedtothemanuallysetjumpingcycletime. AdvancedWire-EDMcontrolsystemIntheWEDMprocess,wirerupturereducesthemachiningrate.Thisproblemiscausedbyhighpowerdensityalongthewire,whichisregardedastheratioofsparkingfrequencytosparkdistributionlengthdeterminedbytheworkpieceheight.Withmostofthestate-of-the-artWEDMequipment,thesparkingfrequencycannotbeon-linemonitoredandcontrolled,andanoptimalpulseoff-timetodeterminethesparkingfrequencyforagivenworkpieceheightisselectedinaccordancewithmanufacturersupplieddatabase.ThemainobjectiveofthisprojectistodevelopanadvancedWEDMmonitoringandcontrolsystemthatmonitorson-linethechangeofworkpieceheightandcontrolthesparkfrequencyatoptimallevels.ArecentlydevelopedcontrolsystemconsistsofadigitalsparkfrequencymonitorandaPCusedasthemaincontrollerwithaninterfaceforpowergeneratorandservosystemcontrol.ThePCmonitorson-linethegapvoltage,sparkfrequency,andthetablefeedratetoidentifytheworkpieceheight.Thissystemregulatesthetablefeedatoptimalratesandadjuststhepulseoff-timeinreal-timetocontrolthesparkfrequencyatoptimallevelsdeterminedbytheidentifiedworkpieceheight.Thesparkfrequencyisalwaysadjustedatasafeandhighlyproductivelevel,andisabletofollowthechangeinworkpieceheighttoavoidwireruptureandtomaintainanoptimalcuttingspeed.Theerroroftheworkpieceheightidentificationis1mmandtheresponseoftheidentificationtochangesinworkpieceheightis1second.Withthiscontrolsystem,proceduresofNCprogrammingandmachineoperationsaresimplified,andthemachineoperatordoesnotneedtoinputtheworkpieceheightdataintothemachineandinsertthepowergeneratorsettingcommandsintotheCNCprogramwhencuttingamultipleheightworkpiece. FutureProjectsattheUniversityofNebraska AbrasiveassistedElectricalDischargeGrindingformachiningadvancedmaterialsThemachiningratewithmechanicalgrindingofadvancedmaterials,includingelectricallyconductiveceramics,sinteredcarbides,andpolycrystallinediamonds(PCD),isverylowduetotheirhighhardnessandtoughness.TheEDMprocessprovidesaneffectivealternativetomachineadvancedmaterials.However,thesurfacequalitygeneratedbyEDMispoorduetotherecastlayerandmicro-cracksonthemachinedsurface.TheobjectiveofthisprojectistodevelopanElectricalDischargeGrinding(EDG)processwithanassistanceofmechanicalabrasiveeffectsforimprovingtheflushingconditionandremovingthedamagedlayerwhenmachiningadvancedmaterials.Duringmachining,thegrindingelectroderotatesinhighspeed,thesparkdischargestakeplaceinthegapbetweentheelectrodeandworkpiece,andthemachininggapiscontrolledbyanEDMservosystem.ThepreliminaryexperimentalstudyindicatesthattheabrasiveeffectnotonlyimprovesthesurfacequalityofEDG,butalsoimprovethegapflushingconditionbyeffectivelyremovingtheerodedchipsandparticles,andprovidinghighernormalsparkratioandbettermachiningstability. Advancedon-linemonitoringandcontrolsystemfordie-sinkingEDMGraphiteelectrodesarepopularfordie-sinkingEDMoperationsinU.S.industriesbecauseofhighermachiningratesandeasyoffabrication.DuringEDMwithgraphiteelectrodes,thearcdamageoccursfrequentlyandisdifficulttoavoid.Themainobjectiveofthisprojectistodevelopanadvancedmonitoringandcontrolsystemfordie-sinkingEDMwhenusinggraphiteelectrodes.Inthisproject,anadvancedandcommercialavailabledigitalEDMmonitorwillbedevelopedtodetectthetimeratiosofgapstates.TheneuralnetworktechnologywillbeusedtoanalyzethegapvoltageandcurrentsignalsandthedataofgapstatescollectedfromtheEDMmonitoringsystem.AneuralnetworkandfuzzylogicalidentificationsystemwillbedevelopedtopredictthearcdamageduringtheEDMprocesswithgraphiteelectrodes.Anadvancedcontrolsystemwillbedevelopedtocontrolon-linethedischargepower,auto-jumpingoftoolelectrode,andtheservosystem. EDMpowergeneratorforadvancedmaterialsWhenusingEDMtomachinethehighthermalresistantmaterialsincludingtungstencarbide,conductiveceramics,PCDandPCB,thedischargewaveformsstronglyinfluencetheprocessperformance.MostcommerciallyavailableEDMpowergeneratorsprovideonlysquaredischargecurrentpulses.However,withsquaredischargepulses,thethermalenergycannotbehighlyconcentrated,therefore,thematerialremovalratesformanyadvancedmaterialsincludingtungstencarbideandconductiveceramicsareverylow.ThisprojectisproposedtodevelopedanEDMpulsegeneratortoprovideparticulardischargewaveformssuitabletomachineadvancedmaterials.TheprototypeoftheproposedpulsepowergeneratorwillbedevelopedtoprovidethetransistorcontrolledRCpulse,multi-levelwaveformswithwiderpeakcurrentandvoltagerangesthancurrentcommerciallyavailableEDMpowergenerators.Acomputercanprogramthedischargewaveformandselectdifferentpulseparameters.TheoptimalwaveformsfordifferentmaterialandmachiningrequirementswillbedeterminedbythetheoreticalstudyofthermalmodelingandanalysisoftheEDMprocessforadvancedmaterials. UniversityofCalifornia/DavisResearchinseveralEDMfields,including(butnotlimitedto)advancedEDMcontrolsystemsaimedatincreasingproductionandreducingoperatorattentionandstudiesinwirebreakageonWEDM. TexasA&MUniversity EDMstudiesondifficulttomachinematerialssuchastungstencarbide/cobaltcomposites,titaniumdiborideorotherceramiccompositematerials. 中文原文一種新技術(shù)電火花的加工，盡管電火花加工曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是非傳統(tǒng)加工過(guò)程，但是電火花在世界范圍內(nèi)許多工業(yè)方面已經(jīng)取代了鉆孔、銑削、磨削和其它傳統(tǒng)加工方法。盡管50年以前的早期它是“tapbusting”的方式，但是電火花已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為最先進(jìn)加工技術(shù)之一?，F(xiàn)代電火花加工設(shè)備運(yùn)用先進(jìn)的計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)字控制，可達(dá)六軸同時(shí)工作和不同的電源技術(shù)。這些能夠作為一面鏡子高精度完成加工。 來(lái)自世界頂尖研究所和研究中心主要的電火花建設(shè)者和研究者雇傭的許多專(zhuān)業(yè)工程師通過(guò)共同努力實(shí)現(xiàn)了電火花技術(shù)的巨大先進(jìn)性。這篇報(bào)道為學(xué)者、研究所的發(fā)展、專(zhuān)職社會(huì)和世界范圍內(nèi)對(duì)電火花的先進(jìn)性不斷做出貢獻(xiàn)的其它組織提供了研究綱要。加工技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)變 根據(jù)聯(lián)邦實(shí)驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)調(diào)查，從政府、私人研究中心到工廠(chǎng)有許多帶來(lái)技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)變的渠道。以下就是不同加工技術(shù)應(yīng)用的抽樣調(diào)查： 1.工業(yè)和實(shí)驗(yàn)室之間合作性研究項(xiàng)目。 2.車(chē)間、研究會(huì)和簡(jiǎn)報(bào)。 3.獨(dú)家的/非獨(dú)家的許可。4.工廠(chǎng)為工作設(shè)備設(shè)立實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行贊助性研究。