外研版八上M11知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié).doc

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M11 Way of life. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié) ●1　surprise n. /v. What a surprise! surprise作名詞時(shí)，其用法如下： (1)表示“驚奇”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞。 常用短語(yǔ)： in surprise /to ones surprise Tom looked at me in surprise./To my surprise, she passed the exam. (2)表示“令人驚訝的事物/意外之事”時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。 I have a surprise for you. [拓展] (1)surprise還可以作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使……驚訝”。 常用短語(yǔ)：surprise sb.意為“使某人感到驚訝”。His progress surprised me. (2) surprise的形容詞為surprised 和surprising, 兩者用法完全不同。surprised用來(lái)指人的情感，意為“感到驚奇的”。常用短語(yǔ)：be surprised at意為“對(duì)……感到驚奇”。surprising 用來(lái)指物，意為“令人感到驚訝的”。 (3) We are surprised at his surprising success. ●2　immediately adv. But back in the US, we open a gift immediately. She answered almost immediately. immediately是副詞， 在句中作狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“at once”或“right now”。 ●3　accept v. [n China, you accept a gift with both hands. She received a lot of money yesterday, but she didnt accept it. accept 是動(dòng)詞， 表示主動(dòng)而且高興地接受。 Charlie accepted 2，000 dollars as a reward happily. [拓展] receive表示客觀上“收到”，但并不表示是否接受。 Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra 10，000 yuan a year! ●4　serious adj. You cant be serious! She is serious about her own mistake. be serious about意為“對(duì)……嚴(yán)肅/認(rèn)真”。 ●5　example n. For example, in my home town, people say you mustnt do any cleaning on the first day of the Spring Festival. He, for example, is a good student. 常用短語(yǔ)for example意為“例如”，一般只以同類人或事物中的“一個(gè)”為例，通常以句子形式進(jìn)行列舉；作插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，用逗號(hào)與其他句子成分隔開，可置于句首、句中或句末。 [拓展] such as也作“例如”講，用來(lái)列舉同類人或事物中的幾個(gè)例子，通常以詞或短語(yǔ)的形式舉例。 Some of the European languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish. ●1　What a surprise! 該句是由what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句。 (1)What＋a/an＋(形容詞)＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！ What a fine day it is! (2)What＋(形容詞)＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！ What kind women they are! [拓展] 另一種感嘆句是由how引導(dǎo)的。 How＋形容詞/副詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！How clever the girl is! 注意：what與how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句一般情況下可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)換后意義不變。 What an interesting story it is!＝ ●2　…you mustnt do any cleaning on the first day of the Spring Festival. do some reading 閱讀 do some washing 洗衣服 do some sightseeing 游覽觀光 do some cooking 做飯 do some fishing 釣魚 do some writing 寫作 do some shopping 購(gòu)物 do some cleaning 。類似結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)： ●　　experience n. 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗(yàn) I had a wonderful experience in England. He has much experience in teaching. experience作可數(shù)名詞，意為“經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)”；作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)，實(shí)踐”。 [拓展] experience還可以用作動(dòng)詞，意為“經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)”。 We experienced a storm this year. ●1　Afternoon tea is not just a drink but a light meal at around 4 pm. [探究] not just…but…意為“不僅僅……而且……”， ，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”。 [拓展] not only…but also…意為“不僅……而且……”，也遵循“就近原則”。 Not only Mary but also Peter is good at playing the piano.不 ●2　Once I noticed a gentleman touch a young man on the shoulder… notice sb. do sth. 意為“注意到某人做了某事”，指動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過(guò)程； notice sb. doing sth.意為“注意到某人正在做某事”，指動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。 I noticed her standing behind me. I did not notice you come in. [拓展] notice作名詞時(shí)，意為“布告，通告”。 There is a notice about our school in front of the classroom building.