2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 5 Canada-“The True North”（含解析）新人教版必修3.doc

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Unit 5　Canada— “The True North” 【短文語法填空】 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning 6500 a day as 62 model in New York. Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate). She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (e) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.＂ 【文章大意】本文主要介紹了Sarah Thomas在學(xué)業(yè)和誘人的職業(yè)面前所做出的選擇，她認為在青少年時期要把學(xué)業(yè)放在首位。 61. resting 62. a 【解析】考查冠詞。model是可數(shù)名詞，前面沒有限定詞，而此處泛指 ＂一個＂，故填a。 63. was told / has been told 64. who 【解析】考查定語從句。非限制性定語從句中缺少主語，且先行詞為Sarah，指人，要用who。 65. to prove 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。want to do sth.想要做某事。 66. education 【解析】考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞后面應(yīng)該接名詞形式。 67. invitations 【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。several修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填invitations。 68. in 【解析】考查介詞。in表示＂在某方面＂，獲得某項學(xué)位 ＂get a degree in…＂。 69. es 【解析】考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知Sarah認為當下應(yīng)該是學(xué)業(yè)第一，說明現(xiàn)在的情況應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時。 70. certainly 【解析】考查副詞。修飾動詞應(yīng)該用副詞形式，故填certainly。 一．高考單詞→識記思考運用 1．核心詞匯 ①chat vi.&n.聊天；閑聊 ②confirm vt.證實；證明；批準 ③measure vt.&vi.測量；衡量；判定n.計量制；計量單位；措施 ④border n．邊界；國界；邊沿vt.&vi.與……接壤；接近 ⑤surround vt.包圍；圍繞 surrounding adj.周圍的；附近的 surroundings n．環(huán)境 ⑥mix vt.&vi.混合；調(diào)配 mixture n．混合物；混合狀態(tài) ⑦impress vt.使印象深刻；使銘記 impressive adj.給人深刻印象的；感人的 ⑧terrify vt.使恐怖；恐嚇 terrified adj.恐懼的；受驚嚇的 2．?？荚~匯 ①topic n. 話題 ②nearby adv. 在附近 adj. 附近的；鄰近的 ③multicultural adj.多種文化的 ④scenery n. 景色；風(fēng)景 ⑤aboard prep .&adv.在船、飛機、火車或公共汽車上；上船、飛機、火車等 ⑥wealthy adj. 富有的 ⑦approximately adv. 接近；大約 ⑧pleased adj. 欣喜的；高興的；愉快的 ⑨mist n. 薄霧；misty adj. 有薄霧的；模糊的 ⑩slight adj. 輕微的；微小的 slightly adv. 稍稍；輕微地 ?location n. 位置；地方 locate vt.&vi. 確定……的位置；坐落 ?distance n. 距離；遠方 distant adj. 遠的；遠方的 ?tradition n. 傳統(tǒng)；風(fēng)俗 traditional adj. 傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的 用所給單詞的適當形式填空 1．Keep the tone measured (measure)：don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture.(2017天津卷) 2．Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings (surround) remains an essential skill for our survival.(2017江蘇卷) 3．What the plants pump through the air is a mixture (mix) of chemicals known as volatile organic pounds，VOCs for short.(2017全國卷Ⅱ) 4．The store is_located (locate) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.(2017全國卷Ⅰ) 5．Visiting the exhibition will make you exposed to Chinese traditional (tradition) culture.(2017全國卷Ⅱ) 6．Welty，a slim figure in a simple gray dress，looked pleased (please) with this explanation.(2016全國卷Ⅲ) 7．My ambassadorial duties will include introducing British visitors to a research in the misty (mist) mountains of Bi fengxia.(2016全國卷Ⅰ) 8．Her times were not exactly impressive (impress)，but even so，he sensed there was something trying to get out.(2016江蘇卷) ?“景色，風(fēng)景”家族 ①scenery n．風(fēng)景，景色；舞臺布景 ②scene n．景色，景象；(戲劇)一場；背景 ③sight n．風(fēng)景，名勝；視力 ④view n．景色；視野，視線 ⑤outlook n．景色，景致 ?“-y”后綴常見形容詞聚集 ①wealth→wealthy 富有的 ②thirst→thirsty 渴的；渴望的 ③taste→tasty 美味的 ④sleep→sleepy 困的 ⑤guilt→guilty 內(nèi)疚的；有罪的 ⑥health→healthy 健康的 ⑦salt→salty 咸的 ⑧hill→hilly 多山的 ?“可怕的”高頻形容詞 ①terrifying 可怕的，嚇人的 ②frightening 嚇人的；可怕的 ③alarming 令人驚恐的 ④awful 可怕的；驚人的 ⑤fearful 嚇人的；恐懼的 ⑥horrible 恐怖的 ⑦terrible 可怕的 ⑧scary 恐怖的；嚇人的 ?“說”法薈萃 ①chat vi.&n.聊天；閑聊 ②whisper vi.小聲說；耳語 ③speak vi.&vt.說；演講；發(fā)言 ④inform vt.通知；告知 ⑤announce vt.宣告 ⑥declare vt.宣布；聲明 ⑦claim vt.聲稱；要求 ⑧broadcast vt.播報 【完形填空】 One day when I was 13，my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire.We didnt see the fire __2__ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I __3__ to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in __4__ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a(n)__5__ and knew what to do. __6__ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he __7__ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets and the sprayer，and began spraying the __8__ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind __9__，however，and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began to stamp(踩滅) out the flames as he moved to the __10__，so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate.__11__ he arrived at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove __12__ the fire.Then the fire was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her __13__ eyes. After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became __14__，asking him what other jobs he had done before he __15__.Well，it turned out that he had done just about __16__ except brain surgery! He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had __17__ him to retire.My father has a blood disorder as a result of that __18__，but that hasnt stopped him from being a fulltime electrician. To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be __19__ of them，and remember that some day their __20__ might save your life. 1．A.prevented B．permitted C．witnessed D．started 2．A.because B．unless C．a(chǎn)fter D．until 3．A.wanted B．managed C．promised D．happened 4．A.anger B．horror C．excitement D．embarrassment 5．A.carpenter B．electrician C．firefighter D．educator 6．A.Armed B．Satisfied C．Shared D．Identified 7．A.slid B．fell C．dashed D．walked 8．A.trees B．grass C．flames D．flowers 9．A.died off B．took on C．turned out D．picked up 10．A.fence B．truck C．furniture D．bucket 11．A.If B．Once C．Since D．While 12．A.through B．a(chǎn)long C．over D．a(chǎn)cross 13．A.high B．wide C．fast D．far 14．A.curious B．suspicious C．concerned D．a(chǎn)nxious 15．A.moved B．resigned C．retired D．suffered 16．A.everything B．nothing C．something D．a(chǎn)nything 17．A.allowed B．encouraged C．invited D．forced 18．A.fire B．a(chǎn)ccident C．a(chǎn)ttempt D．explanation 19．A.afraid B．proud C．careful D．a(chǎn)shamed 20．A.culture B．learning C．skills D．languages 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文作者通過講述火災(zāi)中父親撲滅大火的故事，告訴我們曾經(jīng)在部隊和做過其他危險工作的父親將來某一天可能會用他們的技能拯救我們的生命，我們應(yīng)為他們感到驕傲。 【核心詞匯】as a result of由于，因為(其后跟賓語) be proud of為……感到驕傲 1．D　根據(jù)該句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire”可知，此處表示一場火災(zāi)開始了。D項意為“開始，使開始發(fā)生”，符合語境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允許”；witness“目擊”。 2．D　直到大火堵住了通往唯一的門的路，我們才發(fā)現(xiàn)大火。此處考查“not...until...”結(jié)構(gòu)。 3．A　根據(jù)語境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳過籬笆，到達安全地帶，可是大火包圍了我們。manage“設(shè)法做成”；promise“許諾”；happen“發(fā)生”。 4．B　由上文可知，大火包圍了我們，“我”只能驚恐地看著火焰繼續(xù)上升。in horror“驚恐地”；in anger“生氣地”；in excitement“興奮地”；in embarrassment“尷尬地”。 5．C　根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父親曾經(jīng)是一名消防員。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“電工”；educator“教育工作者”。 6．A　本題考查be armed with的省略結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，意為“用……裝備或武裝”，故選A項。satisfied“滿意的，滿足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨認的”。 7．C　根據(jù)語境可知，父親應(yīng)該是沖(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。 8．C　根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指開始用水噴向火焰(flames)。 9．D　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示然而很快，風(fēng)又變強了。pick up“變大，變強”，符合語境。die off“相繼死去，先后死去”；take on“呈現(xiàn)，開始具有(某種特征、面貌等)”；turn out“結(jié)果是，證明是”。 10．B　根據(jù)下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知，父親走向卡車。 11．B　考查連詞。A項意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；B項意為“一……就……，一旦”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；C項“自……以來，因為，既然”；D項“當……時候，盡管”。由上下文可知，此處指父親一到達大門，就跳進了卡車里。故選B項。 12．A　根據(jù)語境可知，父親開著卡車從火中穿過。through“通過，穿過”，表示運動發(fā)生在某物的空間內(nèi)；along“沿著”；over“在……上面”；across“從一邊到另一邊，橫過”，表示動作發(fā)生在物體的表面。 13．B　根據(jù)語境可知，父親開著卡車從火中穿過，火最終被撲滅了，所以母親睜大(wide)眼睛看著父親。 14．A　根據(jù)下文中的“asking him what other jobs he had done”可知，我們是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“懷疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(與某事)有關(guān)的，有牽連的”； anxious“焦慮的，不安的，擔心的”。 15．C　根據(jù)語境可知，我們問父親在退休(retired)之前還做過其他什么工作。下文中的“to retire”也是提示。 16．A　根據(jù)第三段對父親退休前工作的描述可知，父親做過很多事情，所以此處指除了做腦外科手術(shù)之外，父親幾乎什么都做過。everything except“除了……之外什么都……”符合語境。 17．D　由上下文可知，那場事故迫使(forced)父親退休。 18．B　根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指那場事故(accident)。attempt“嘗試”； explanation“解釋”。 19．B　be proud of “為……感到驕傲”符合語境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞恥的，內(nèi)疚的，慚愧的”。 20．C　根據(jù)上文可知，此處指他們的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。 二．重點短語→識記思考運用 1．動詞＋介詞/副詞 ①settle down 定居；平靜下來；專心于 ②dream about/of 夢想…… 2．介詞＋名詞(＋介詞) ①at dawn 在黎明；在拂曉 ②in the distance 在遠處 ③in charge of 負責(zé) 3．動詞＋名詞＋介詞 ①catch sight of 看見；瞥見 ②have a gift for 有……天賦 4．be＋過去分詞＋介詞 ①be surrounded by/with 被……包圍 ②be impressed with 給……留下深刻印象 5．其他形式 ①rather than 與其；不愿；而不 ②as far as 遠到；直到；至于 ③manage to do...設(shè)法做某事 用左欄所給短語的適當形式填空 1．Williams was_impressed_with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.(2017浙江卷) 2．As_far_as I know, he never came late to class.(2017天津卷) 3．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather_than divide us. (2016浙江卷) 4．Lily has_a_gift_for music，so her parents sent her to a music college. 5．After she graduated from university she settled_down in Washington. 6．The driver didn’t catch_sight_of another car in time，so the accident happened. ?“ be＋過去分詞(情感)＋at”集錦 ①be alarmed at 對……警覺 ②be astonished at 對……大為吃驚 ③be delighted at 因……而高興 ④be disappointed at 對……失望 ⑤be shocked at 對……感到震驚 ⑥be terrified at 對……感到恐懼 ?“be＋過去分詞＋with”一覽 ①be surrounded with 被……包圍 ②be impressed with 給……留下深刻印象 ③be equipped with 配備有…… ④be covered with 被……覆蓋 三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通 背原句 學(xué)句型 練仿寫 1.Rather than take the aeroplane all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver... 她們不想一路乘飛機，而是決定先飛到溫哥華…… rather than“而不是”，連接兩個并列成分。 吃飯的時候聽一些好聽的音樂而不是看電視。 While having dinner，listen to some enjoyable music rather_than_watch_television. 2.It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall ，some measuring over 90 metres. 那兒濕度很大，所以樹都長得特別高，一些樹高達90多米。 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 照片中的女孩在甜蜜地微笑，長發(fā)在微風(fēng)中飄揚。 The girl in the photo was smiling sweetly，her_long_hair_flowing in the breeze. 3.It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa，Canada’s capital. 很可惜你們不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太華。 as far as...“遠至……；就……而言；盡……所能”。 古時候，人們很少出遠門，大多數(shù)農(nóng)民去的最遠的地方是當?shù)丶小? In ancient times，people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled as_far_as_the_local_market. 【短文改錯】 Last weekend I went on a ecotravel with a travel agency.All the way we appreciate the beautiful scenery and fresh air，so a few of us picked flowers while going sightseeing.What was worse，many tourists threw rubbishes here and there. I dont think that it is a truly ecotravel.An ecotravel not only allows us to express our love for nature，but needs our responsibility as well as.A real ecotravel should like this：take nothing away but your good memory；leave nothing behind but all cleaner water and green trees.Enjoyed the beauty of nature，we should try their best to protect it. 【答案】　 Last weekend I went on ecotravel with a travel agency.All the way we the beautiful scenery and fresh air， a few of us picked flowers while going sightseeing.What was worse，many tourists threw here and there. I dont think that it is a ecotravel.An ecotravel not only allows us to express our love for nature，but needs our responsibility as well .A real ecotravel should like this：take nothing away but your good memory；leave nothing behind but all water and green trees. the beauty of nature，we should try best to protect it. 第一處：a→an?？疾楣谠~。ecotravel的讀音以元音音素開頭，所以用an。 第二處：appreciate→appreciated?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語Last weekend可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時。 第三處：so→but。考查連詞。一路上我們欣賞美麗的景色，但是有人摘花。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。 第四處：rubbishes→rubbish。考查名詞。rubbish作“垃圾”講，為不可數(shù)名詞。 第五處：truly→true。考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞ecotravel。 第六處：刪除well后的as?？疾楣潭ū磉_。as well as后跟賓語，意為“以及”，不符合語境，此處應(yīng)用as well表示“也”，放在句末。 第七處：like前加be?？疾橄祫釉~。此處like是介詞，should后缺少be動詞。 第八處：cleaner→clean?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)and后面的green以及語境可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞原級。 第九處：Enjoyed→Enjoying?？疾榉侵^語動詞。主語we和enjoy之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。 第十處：their→our?？疾榇~。主語是we，此處表示“我們應(yīng)該盡我們最大的努力去保護大自然”，故應(yīng)用our。