2019-2020年八年級英語下冊 Module 9 Heroes重難點解析 外研版.doc

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2019-2020年八年級英語下冊 Module 9 Heroes重難點解析 外研版課文講解Unit 1 She missed the final practice so that Kylie could play.課文詳解(一)生詞1avoid vto prevent sthbad from happening避免；防止 e.g. They built a wall to avoid soil being washed away 他們建了一堵墻防止土壤流失。2thought nsomething that you think of or remember想法 e.g. Ive just had a thought(=an idea)我剛想到一個主意。3brave adjcourageous and ready to suffer danger or pain勇敢的；無畏的 e.g. The man was very brave. He jumped into the river and saved the boys life. 那人很勇敢，他跳進(jìn)河中，救了男孩的命。4excuse(1) na reason，either true or invented，that you give toexplain or defend your behaviour借口；理由；辯解 e.g.Late again!Whats your excuse this time? 又遲到了!這次你有什么借口?You dont have to make excuses for her你不必為她辯解了。 (2)vto forgive sbfor sththat they have done，for examplenot being polite or making a small mistake原諒；寬恕 e.g.I hope youll excuse me for being so late我來得這么晚，希望你能原諒。(二)短語1be good at表示“擅長；精通”，at為介詞，后接sth或doing sthe.g. My grandmother is good at six foreign languages我奶奶精通六種外語。 Nick is always good at making friends尼克擅長交朋友。2so that意思是“為的是；以便于”。引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句，表示目的。 e.g. She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time 她努力工作，為的是及時做好各項準(zhǔn)備。3e up表示“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生”。 e.g.Im afraid something urgent has e up恐怕有緊急事情發(fā)生。Her birthday is ing up soon她的生日即將來臨。 4on ones own表示“獨自，獨立地”。 e.g.She lives on her Own她一個人生活。He did it on his own這件事他獨立完成了。拓展：by oneself表示“靠自己，獨立地” e.g.He did it by himself這件事他自己做的。(三)同近義詞辨析 expect，wait for，hope與look forward to expect表示“預(yù)料某事將會或很可能發(fā)生”。 e.g. Im expecting him to arrive soon我料想他很快會到來。 expect還表示“期待某事發(fā)生”(已經(jīng)有所約定)，多用于進(jìn)行時。 e.g. We were expecting him to arrive yesterday我們一直盼望他昨天到達(dá)。 wait for也表示“等候，等待”，指等的動作，通常時間較短。 e.g. Ill wait for you outside the hotel我將在旅館外等你。 hope表示“希望某事發(fā)生”(沒有約定，主觀意愿)。 e.g. I hope you will have a good party祝你參加聚會愉快。 look forward to表示“懷著某種激動、興奮的心情來期待、盼望”。 e.g. Im looking forward to your reply我盼望你的回音。(四)交際用語 談?wù)撔哪恐械挠⑿廴宋?-Whos your hero? 誰是你心目中的英雄? -Its Jackie Chan! 成龍! -Why? 為什么? -Because hes a great film starI think all his films are fantastic! 因為他是一位偉大的電影明星。我認(rèn)為他所有的電影都是極好的! 生活中的英雄數(shù)不勝數(shù)，大英雄和小英雄；去世的英雄和健在的英雄；科技英雄、歷史英雄、文化英雄、娛樂英雄以及大家常談起的愛國英雄等等。談?wù)撚⑿廴宋?，了解英雄事跡，從而培養(yǎng)我們愛英雄，學(xué)英雄，爭做英雄的好品質(zhì)，并激勵我們發(fā)奮學(xué)習(xí)，做有用人才。(五)重難點句子分析1Im looking forward to this!我期待著(聽這首曲子)! 精講：look forward to + 名詞代詞doing的意思是“盼望，期待”。 e.g. Were really looking forward to our summer holiday 我們真心盼望著我們的暑假到來。2.so that Kylie could play this piece of music on her own. 這樣凱麗就可以獨自演奏這首曲子了。 (1)句中so that表示“以便，為的是”。引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，常與may，can，will等連用；一般從句在后，從句前無逗號。 e.g. He put his glasses on so that he could read the notice. 他戴上他的眼鏡為的是能讀讀這個通知。 I get up early every day so that I can catch the first bus 我每天都早早地起床，目的是趕上早班車。注意：so that結(jié)構(gòu)中，有時省去that。 e.g. Check carefully so(that)any mistake will be caught 仔細(xì)檢查，好找出錯來。 (2)on ones own表示“獨立地；單獨地；獨自地”，在句中作狀語。 e.g. Shes been living on her own for twenty years 她獨自生活已有20年了。Module 9 Heroes重難點解析（Unit 2）Unit 2 There were few doctors, so he had to work very hard.課文詳解(一)生詞1army na large organized group of soldiers who are trained to fight on land軍隊(尤指陸上作戰(zhàn)軍隊) e.g. After leaving sch001，my brother went into the army 我哥哥從學(xué)校畢業(yè)后，參加了陸軍。2Canada na country in North America加拿大(國名，位于北美)e.g. Canada is one of the developed countries加拿大是發(fā)達(dá)國家之一。 Ottawa is the capital of Canada渥太華是加拿大的首都。3Canadian (1)na person from Canada 加拿大人 (plCanadians) e.g. Canadians speak English and French加拿大人說英語和法語。 (2)adjconnected with Canada，its people，etc加拿大的；加拿大人的e.g.He is Canadian他是加拿大人。4medical adjconcerning medicine and treating the sick醫(yī)學(xué)的；醫(yī)療的 e.g. He is a medical student他是一名醫(yī)科學(xué)生。 Zhong Nanshan has been working on the medical research for many years 鐘南山從事醫(yī)學(xué)研究許多年了。5treat vto give medical care or attention to a person，an illness，an injury，etc治療，醫(yī)治 e.g.She was treated for sunstroke她因中暑而接受治療。6treatment nthe methods used to make a sick person better治療，療法 e.g. He has gone to hospital for special treatment他已住院接受特殊治療。7invent vto make or produce something for the first time發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造 e.g.Who invented the，steam engine? 誰發(fā)明的蒸汽機?8war na period of armed fighting between nations or countries戰(zhàn)爭 (時期)e.g. He fought in both world wars他參加過兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。 Is it necessary to solve the problems by war? 通過戰(zhàn)爭來解決問題是必要的嗎?9tool nan instrument such as an axe，hammer，or spade for doing special jobs工具；用具 e.g.My father has a set of tools to mend machines我爸爸有一套維修機器的工具。(二)短語1give ones life to doing sth表示“為了干某事而獻(xiàn)出生命”，其中to是介詞。 e.g. Lai Ning gave his young life to putting the fire out 賴寧為救火而獻(xiàn)出了自己年輕的生命。2the First World War意為“第一次世界大戰(zhàn)(1914-1918)” the Second World War意為“第二次世界大戰(zhàn)(1939-194 )”3continue doing sth表示“繼續(xù)做某事” e.g.She wanted to continue working after she was married她想結(jié)婚后繼續(xù)工作。 注意：continue to do sth也表示“不停地干某事” e.g. The rain continued falling(或to fall)all afternoon 這場雨整整一下午都下個不停。4in spite of表示“不管，盡管”，是介詞短語。 e.g. In spite of his age，he still leads an active life 盡管年事已高，他依舊過著一種積極的生活。 They went swimming in spite of all the danger signs 他們無視所有那些危險水域告示牌，還是去游泳了。5in the end表示“最后”，副詞短語。(=at lastfinally) e.g. In the end，our team beat their team最后，我們隊?wèi)?zhàn)勝了他們隊。 In the end，Dr Bethune came to China to help Chinese people 最后，白求恩大夫來到中國幫助中國人民。 注意：at the end of表示“在末尾、終點、盡頭”，是介詞短語。 e.g. At the end of the war，the winner was China 在戰(zhàn)爭的最后，勝利者是中國。(三)同近義詞辨析1war與battle war意為“戰(zhàn)爭”，指戰(zhàn)爭的全體。 e.g.the First(Second，Third)Revolutionary Civil War第一(二、三)次國內(nèi)革命戰(zhàn)爭 Norman Bethune died in the War of Resistance against Japan 諾曼白求恩是在抗日戰(zhàn)爭中去世的。 battle意為“戰(zhàn)役，戰(zhàn)斗”，一場戰(zhàn)爭中會發(fā)生許多次戰(zhàn)役。 e.g. The battle of Waterloo was of the of the most famous battles in the worldhistory滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)役是世界上最著名的戰(zhàn)役之一。2treat，cure與heal treat意為“醫(yī)療，治療”。普通用語，強調(diào)診斷、治療，既可指藥物治療，也可指那些有益的建議等精神治療。 e.g.Are you able to treat this disease? 你能治療這種病嗎? cure意為“醫(yī)治，治愈”，多指治愈疾病。 e.g.We can several types of cancer我們能治愈好幾種癌癥。 heal意為“治療，治愈”。多指治愈外傷。 e.g. This medicine will help heal the wound這藥對治療這種創(chuàng)傷很有幫助。3finally，at last與in the end finally，at last，in the end都可作“最后”解，但用法有所不同。finally有 兩種用法：一是在列舉事物或論點時，可用來引出最后一項內(nèi)容，一般不帶感情色彩；二是用在句中動詞前面，表示“等了好久才”。 e.g. We waited and waited，and the train finally arrived我們等了又等，火車終于來了。 at last往往表示經(jīng)過一番努力或曲折的過程，常帶有較濃厚的感情色彩； 也可用來表示“等候或耽誤了很多時間之后才”，語氣比較強烈。e.g.At last the work was done and he could rest最后，工作完成了，他可以休息了。She came at last! 她總算來了! in the end表示經(jīng)過許多變化、困難和捉摸不定的情況以后，某事才發(fā) 生。 e.g.They won in the end最后他們贏了。4discover，find與invent discover表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。表示發(fā)現(xiàn)已有的，但以前不為人知的事物，也可表 示發(fā)現(xiàn)已為人知的事物的新的性質(zhì)或用途。這種發(fā)現(xiàn)可能是有意的，也可能是無意的。 e.g. Scientists have discovered that this disease is carried by rats 科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種病是由老鼠傳播的。 find表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”。既指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)，也指經(jīng)過一番尋找后得到所需要 的或丟失的東西，著重強調(diào)結(jié)果。 e.g. I found a wallet on the sidewalk我在人行道上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個錢包。 I lost my knife but Ive found it again我丟了刀，但又找回來了。 invent表示“發(fā)明”。指經(jīng)過研究、設(shè)計，創(chuàng)造出前所未有的東西。 e.g. Yuan Longping invented a new kind of rice袁隆平發(fā)明了一種新型品種的水稻。(四)交際用語 詢問做某事的原因及答語-Why did Norman Bethune study medicine? 諾曼白求恩為什么學(xué)醫(yī)? -He studied medicine SO that he could bee a doctor 他學(xué)醫(yī)是為了當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。英文中，詢問某人做某事的原因時，多用句型“Why?”，也可用句型“Whatfor?”或“For what?” e.g.Why did he start new hospitals in China?=What did he start new hospitals in China for?=For what did he start new hospitals in China?他為什么在中國創(chuàng)辦新醫(yī)院? 。在答語中，可以用例句中so that(目的是，為的是)引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句，也可以用because(因為)引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。 e.g.He started new hospitals in China so that people could have treatment=He started new hospitals in China because he could give treatment to people他在中國創(chuàng)辦新醫(yī)院為的是給人們治病。(五)重難點句子分析1，and he is still remembered in both Canada and China ，并且他仍然活在加拿大和中國人民心中。 精講：be remembered被記住，為被動結(jié)構(gòu)，與此相關(guān)的短語有be remembered for表示“因而紀(jì)念緬懷”。 e.g. Premier Zhou Enlai will be remembered forever for his hard work 周恩來總理鞠躬盡瘁，人們將永遠(yuǎn)緬懷他。2Once，he performed operations for 69 hours without stopping，and saved 112 people 有一次，他連續(xù)做了69個小時的手術(shù)沒有停，拯救了112個生命。 精講：(1)句中perform operations表示“做手術(shù)”，如果表達(dá)“給某人做手術(shù)則是 “perform an operation on(或upon)sb”或“operate on sb”。e.g.The doctor performed an operation on(或upon)a patient for a tumour=The doctor operated on a patient for a tumour 醫(yī)生為一個病人做了腫瘤切除手術(shù)。 (2)句中without + nv-ing表示“沒有”。 e.g.He went to school without having breakfast他沒吃早飯就去上學(xué)了。Module 9 Heroes重難點解析（Unit 3）Unit 3 Language in use課文詳解(一)生詞1train(1)na rail wayrail road engine pulling a number of carriages or trucks，taking people and goods from one place to another火車；列車 e.g.I like travelling by train我喜歡乘火車旅行。(2)vto teach a person or an animal the skills for a particular j ob or activity訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn) e.g.They train dogs to sniff out drugs他們訓(xùn)練狗嗅出毒品。2respect(1)vto have a very good opinion of sbsth；to admire sbsth尊敬；尊重；仰慕 e.g. She is a much loved and highly respected teacher 她是一位備受愛戴和尊敬的老師。(2)na feeling of admiration for sbsthbecause of their good qualitiesor achievements尊敬；敬意 e.g. I have the greatest respect for your brother我非常尊敬你的哥哥。3perform vto do sth，such as a piece of work，task or duty做；履行；執(zhí)行 e.g. This operation has never been performed in this country 這個國家從未做過這種手術(shù)。 A puter can perform many task s at once 電腦能同時做多項工作。4introduce vto tell sbwhat your name is；or to tell two or more people who havent met before what each others names are做(自我)介紹； 把介紹(給) e.g. Can I introduce myself? Im Helen Brown 讓我來自我介紹一下吧。我叫海倫布朗。(二)短語 in order to意為“目的是；為了；以便”。后接動詞原形，構(gòu)成in order to do sth引導(dǎo)目的狀語，in order to起動詞不定式符號to的作用。 e.g. She arrived early in order to get a good seat 她早早到場，好找個好位置。 In order to get a plete picture，further information is needed 為了掌握全面情況，還需要詳細(xì)資料。(五)重難點句子分析1Nightingale worked hard to make the hospital clean and stop soldiers dying 南丁格爾工作很賣力，把醫(yī)院整理得干干凈凈，制止了士兵的繼續(xù)死亡。 精講：(1)句中to make the hospital clean是動詞不定式短語作結(jié)果狀語，其中make +sbsth+adj表示“使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài) 中”(make 4-賓語+補足語)。e.g.Too much food made him ill吃得太多使他病了。 (2)句中stop soldiers dying與前面不定式短語是并列關(guān)系，其中stop + sbsth+ (from)doing表示“阻止某人或某物做某事”(stop + 賓語 + 補足語)。 e.g. Nothing can stop us from going if we want to go如果我們想去，什么也不能阻止我們?nèi)ァ?Think of different areas：sport，the environment，history，war；or different careers：writers，movie stars，scientists，etc考慮一下不同領(lǐng)域(的英雄)：體育、環(huán)境、歷史、戰(zhàn)爭；或者不同職業(yè)的：作家、電影明星、科學(xué)家等等。 精講：本句從兩個角度劃分英雄人物，其實，我們認(rèn)為：只要是為人類做出突出貢獻(xiàn)的人，都是英雄。